19

MATRICES

CONCEPT TYPE QUESTIONS 1 0 0

Directions : This section contains multiple choice questions. Each 6. If A = 0 1 0 , then A2 + 2A equals
question has four choices (a), (b), (c) and (d), out of which only 0 0 1
one is correct. (a) 4A (b) 3A (c) 2A (d) A
cos sin 0 x y 2x z 4 7
1. Let F( ) sin cos 0 where R . Then 7. If x y 2z w 0 10
, then the values of x, y, z
0 0 1 and w respectively are
1 is equal to (a) 2, 2, 3, 4 (b) 2, 3, 1, 2
[F( )]
(c) 3, 3, 0, 1 (d) None of these
(a) F( ) (b) F( 1
) i 2j
2
8. If A = [aij]2×2, where aij = , then A is equal to
(c) F(2 ) (d) None of these 2
a 0 0 9 25 9 / 2 25 / 2
(a) 8 18
(b)
8 18
2. Let A = 0 a 0 , then An is equal to
0 0 a 9 25 9 / 2 15 / 2
(c) (d)
4 9 4 9
an 0 0 an 0 0 9. A square matrix A = [aij]n × n is called a lower triangular
(a) n (b) matrix if aij = 0 for
0 a 0 0 a 0
(a) i = j (b) i < j (c) i > j (d) None of these
0 0 a 0 0 a
10. For what values of x and y are the following matrices equal
an 0 0 na 0 0 2x 1 3y x 3 y2 2
n A ,B
(c) 0 a 0 (d) 0 na 0 0 y2 5y 0 6
0 0 an 0 0 na (a) 2, 3 (b) 3, 4 (c) 2, 2 (d) 3, 3
11. The order of the single matrix obtained from
0 c b a2 ab ac
2 1 1
3. If A = c 0 a and B = ab b bc , then AB is 1 0 2 0 1 23
0 2
b a 0 ac bc c2 2 0 1 1 0 21 is
2 3
equal to
(a) B (b) A (c) O (d) I (a) 2 × 3 (b) 2 × 2 (c) 3 × 2 (d) 3 × 3
4. If A is a square matrix such that (A – 2I) (A + I) = 0, 12. A square matrix A = [aij]n × n is called a diagonal matrix if
then A–1 = aij = 0 for
(a) i = j (b) i < j (c) i > j (d) i j
A–I A I
(a) (b) (c) 2 (A – I) (d) 2A + I x 3 z 4 2y 7 0 6 3y 2
2 2
1 3 2 x 4x 6 a 1 0 2x 3 2c 2
13. If =
5. If [1 x 1] 0 5 1 1 = 0, then x is b 3 3b z 2c 2b 4 21 0
0 3 2 2
then, the values of a, b, c, x, y and z respectively are
1 1 (a) – 2, – 7, – 1, – 3, – 5, – 2 (b) 2, 7, 1, 3, 5, – 2
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) – 1 (c) 1, 3, 4, 2, 8, 9 (d) – 1, 3, –2, –7, 4, 5
2 2
 300 MATRICES
i 0 i i i 1
14. If P 0 i i and Q 0 0 , then PQ is equal to 22. If A 4 and B 1 2 1 , then AB is equal to,
i i 0 i i 3
2 2 2 2 1 4 3 1 2 1
1 1 1 1 2 8 6 4 8 4
(a) (b) (a) (b)
1 1 1 1 1 4 3 3 6 3
1 0 0 1 4 3 1 4 3
2 2 0 1 0
(c) (d) 2 8 6 2 8 6
1 1 (c) (d)
0 0 1 1 4 3 1 4 3
1 23. Each diagonal element of a skew-symmetric matrix is
4 1 0 2 0 1 C 2 (a) zero (b) positive (c) non-real (d) negative
15. If A , B , and
1 2 2 3 1 x 1 3 4
24. If is the sum of a symmetric matrix B and a skew-
15 x 1 1
D such that (2A – 3B) C = D, then x = symmetric matrix C, then C is
1
1 5/ 2 1 5/ 2
(a) 3 (b) – 4 (c) – 6 (d) 6 (a) (b)
16. For any square matrix A, AAT is a 5/ 2 0 5/ 2 1
(a) unit matrix (b) symmetric matrix 0 5/ 2 1 3/ 2
(c) skew-symmetric matrix (d) diagonal matrix (c) 5/ 2 0 5/ 2
(d)
1
1 2 1 1 0 0 25. If a matrix A is both symmetric and skew-symmetric, then
17. If A 3 0 2 ,B 2 1 0 , then AB is equal to (a) A is a diagonal matrix (b) A is zero matrix
4 5 0 0 1 3
(c) A is a scalar matrix (d) A is square matrix
26. If is a complex cube root of unity, then the matrix
5 1 3 11 4 3 2
1
3 2 6 1 2 3
(a) (b) 2
14 5 0 0 3 3 A 1
is
2
1 8 4 0 1 2 1
2 9 6 5 4 3 (a) symmetric matrix (b) diagonal matrix
(c) (d)
0 2 0 1 8 2 (c) skew-symmetric matrix (d) None of these
27. Using elementary transformation, the inverse of the matrix
1 2 2 1 2 3
18. If A 2 1 2 is a matrix satisfying AAT = 9I3, then 2 5 7
is
a 2 b 2 4 5
the values of a and b respectively are
3 3 3 3 3 3
(a) 1, 2 (b) – 2, – 1 (c) – 1, 2 (d) – 2, 1
19. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = A, then (I + A)3 – 7A is 4 1 1 4 2 1
(a) (b)
equal to 2 0 1 2 0 1
(a) A (b) I – A (c) I (d) 3 A 3 2 1 3 2 1
cos x sin x 4 1 1 4 2 1
20. If A , then AAT is (c) (d)
sin x cos x 2 0 1 2 0 1
(a) Zero matrix (b) I2
0 2 2
1 1
(c) (d) None of these 28. The inverse of the matrix A 1 3 0 by using
1 1
1 2 1
0 2 3
elementary row transformations, is equal to
21. If A 2 0 1 , then A is a 3 2 6 4 2 6
3 1 0 1 1
2 2 2 1 2 2
(a) 4 (b) 4
(a) symmetric matrix 1 2 2 1 2 2
(b) skew-symmetric matrix 4 2 6 3 2 6
(c) diagonal matrix 1 1
1 2 2 1 2 2
(d) none of these (c) 4 (d) 4
1 2 3 1 2 2
MATRICES 301

1 2 2 5 7
29. If A , then A–1 is equal to
3 5 40. The matrix 0 3 11 is :
1 5 2 1 5 2 0 0 9
(a) (b) (a) symmetric (b) diagonal
11 3 1 11 3 1
5 2
(c) upper triangular (d) skew symmetric
1 1 5 2
(c) 3 1
(d) 1 0 0
11 11 3 1
0 1 0
2x 0 1 1 0 41. For the matrix A = , A2 is equal to
30. If A and A , then x equals 1 m 1
x x 1 2
(a) 0 (b) A (c) I (d) None of these
1 1
(a) 2 (b)(c) 1 (d) 42. The construction of 3 × 4 matrix A whose elements aij is
2 2
31. If A2 – A + I = O, then the inverse of A is (i j) 2
given by is
(a) I – A (b) A – I (c) A (d) A + I 2
1 3 2 9/2 8 25
32. The inverse of the matrix A , using elementary
2 7 (a) 9 4 5 18
row transformation, is equal to 8 25 18 49
7 3 5 3
(a) 2 1
(b) 2 1 2 9 / 2 25 / 2 9
1 3 1 3 (b) 9/ 2 5/ 2 5 45 / 2
(c) (d) 25 18 25 9 / 2
2 1 2 1
33. If A and B are matrices of same order, then AB BA is a 2 9/2 8 25 / 2
(a) skew symmetric matrix (b) null matrix (c) 9/2 8 25 / 2 18
(c) symmetric matrix (d) unit matrix 8 25 / 2 18 49 / 2
34. For any two matrices A and B, we have (d) None of these
(a) AB = BA (b) AB BA
(c) AB = O (d) None of these 2 3
1 2 3
43. If A = and B = 4 5 , then
1 if i j 4 2 5
35. If matrix A = [aij]2 × 2, where a ij , then A2 is 2 1
0 if i j
(a) AB, BA exist and are equal
equal to (b) AB, BA exist and are not equal
(a) I (b) A (c) AB exists and BA does not exist
(c) O (d) None of these (d) AB does not exist and BA exists
36. If A is a square matrix such that A2 = I, then 44. If A is a square matrix, then A + AT is
(A – I)3 + (A + I)3 – 7A is equal to (a) Non-singular matrix (b) Symmetric matrix
(c) Skew-symmetric matrix (d) Unit matrix
(a) A (b) I – A (c) I + A (d) 3A 45. For a matrix A, AI = A and AAT = I is true for
37. Let A and B be two matrices then (AB)' equals: (a) If A is a square matrix. (b) IfA is a non singular matrix.
(a) B'A' (b) A'B (c) – AB (d) 1 (c) If A is symmetric matrix. (d) If A is any matrix.
38. The matrix product 46. What is true about matrix multiplication ?
a p (a) It is commutative. (b) It is associative.
b [x y z] q equals : (c) Both of the above. (d) None of the above.
c r x y z 9
pqr abc xyz . pqr 47. If x y 5 then the value of (x, y, z) is:
(a) (b) y z 7
xyz abc
(a) (4, 3, 2) (b) (3, 2, 4)
pqr . abc (c) (2, 3, 4) (d) None of these
(c) (d) None of these
xyz cos sin sin cos
48. cos sin cos + sin cos sin is equal to:
a b
39. If A = and A2 = , then:
b a
(a) = a2 + b2, = ab 0 0 1 0
(a) 0 0 (b) 0 0
(b) = a2 + b2, = 2ab
(c) = a2 + b2, = a2 – b2 0 1 1 0
(c) 1 0 (d) 0 1
(d) = 2ab, = a2 + b2
302 MATRICES

0 1 59. A square matrix B = [bij] m × m is said to be a diagonal matrix, if

49. If A , then A16 is equal to : (a) all its non-diagonal elements are non-zero i.e., bji 0;
1 0
i j
0 1 0 1 (b) all its diagonal elements are zero, i.e., bij = 0, i = j
(a) (b)
1 0 1 0 (c) all its non-diagonal elements are zero i.e, bij = 0 when i j
1 0 (d) None of the above
1 0
(c) (d) 60. Choose the incorrect statement.
0 1 0 1 (a) A matrix A = [3] is a scalar matrix of order 1
1 2 1 0
50. If f (x) = x2 + 4x – 5 and A ,
4 3 (b) A matrix B = 0 1 is a scalar matrix of order 2
then f (A) is equal to
3 0 0
0 4 2 1
(a) (b) 0 3 0
8 8 2 0 (c) A matrix C = of order 3 is not a scalar
1 1 8 4 0 0 3
(c) (d) matrix
1 0 8 0
(d) None of the above
cos t sin t 61. A square matrix B = [bij]n × n is said to be a scalar matrix, if
51. If R (t) = , then R(s) R(t) equals (a) bij = 0 for i j and bij = k for i = j, for some constant k
sin t cos t
(a) R (s + t) (b) R (s – t) (b) bij = 0 for i = j
(c) R(s) + R(t) (d) None of these (c) bij 0 for i = j and bij = 0 for i = j
cos sin (d) None of the above
52. If A = , then A + A = I, then the value of 62. If the diagonal elements of a diagonal matrix are all equal,
sin cos then the matrix is called
is (a) row matrix (b) scalar matrix
3 (c) rectangular matrix (d) None of the above
(a) (b) (c) (d) .
6 3 2 63. Which of the following is correct statement?
2 0 1 (a) Diagonal matrix is also a scalar matrix
53. If A = 2 1 3 , then A2 – 5A + 6I = (b) Identity matrix is a particular case of scalar matrix
(c) Scalar matrix is not a diagonal matrix
1 1 0
(d) Null matrix cannot be a square matrix
1 1 5 1 1 3 64. If A = [aij] is a matrix of order 4 × 5, then the diagonal elements
(a) 1 1 4 (b) 1 1 10 of A are
(a) a11, a22, a33, a44 (b) a55, a44, a33, a22, a11
3 10 4 5 4 4
(c) a11, a22, a33 (d) do not exist
(c) 0 (d) I 65. If the matrices A = [aij] and B = [bij] and C = [cij] are of the
54. If A is a m ×n matrix with entries aij, then the matrix A can be same order, say m × n, satisfy Associative law, then
represented as (a) (A + B) + C = A + (B + C)
(a) A = [aij]m × n (b) A = [aji]m × n (b) A + B = B + C
(c) A = [aij]n × m (d) A = [aji]n × m (c) A + C = B + C
55. If A is a 3 × 2 matrix, B is a 3 × 3 matrix and C is a 2 × 3 matrix, (d) A + B + C = A – B – C
then the elements in A, B and C are respectively
(a) 6, 9, 8 (b) 6, 9, 6 (c) 9, 6, 6 (d) 6, 6, 9 0 2 0 3a
56. If A is a matrix having m rows and n columns, then the 66. If A = 3 4 and kA = 2b 24 , then the values of k, a, b
matrix A is called a matrix of order
are respectively.
(a) m × n (b) n × m (c) mn (d) n m
(a) –6, –12, –18 (b) –6, 4, 9
57. If A = [aij]3 × 4 is matrix given by (c) –6, –4, –9 (d) –6, 12, 18
4 2 1 3 67. Let A = [aij] be an m × n matrix and B = [bjk] be an n × p
matrix. Then, the product of the matrices A and B is the
5 7 9 6 matrix C of order.
A=
21 15 18 25 (a) n × m (b) m × n
(c) p × m (d) m × p
Then, a23 + a24 will be equal to the element 68. The product of two matrices A and B is defined, if the number
(a) a 14 (b) a 44 (c) a 13 (d) a 32 of columns of A is
58. If A is a square matrix of order m with elements aij, then (a) greater than the number of rows of B
(b) equal to the number of rows of B
(a) A = [aij]n × n (b) A = [aji]m × n (c) less than the number of rows of B
(c) A = [aij]m × m (d) A = [aji]n × n (d) None of the above
MATRICES 303
69. The matrix X such that
2 5 19 7
1 2 3 7 8 9
X is 35 2 5 / 2 12
4 5 6 2 4 6 77. Consider the matrix A =
3 1 5 17
1 2 1 2
(a) 2 0 (b) 2 0 Now, consider the following statements
I. The order of the matrix is 4 × 3 and number of elements is 12.
1 2 1 2 II. The elements a13, a21, a33 are respectively19, 35, –5.
(c) (d) Choose the correct option.
2 0 0 2
(a) Only I is true (b) Only II is true
70. If A = [aij]m × n, then A is equal to (c) Both I and II are true (d) Neither I nor II is true
(a) [aji]n × m (b) [aij]m × n 78. Consider the following statements.
(c) [aji]m × n (d) [aij]n × m I. If a matrix has 24 elements, then all the possible orders
it can have are 24 × 1, 1 × 24, 2 × 4, 4 × 2, 2 × 12, 12 × 2,
1 2 3 × 8, 8 ×3, 4 ×6 and 6 × 4.
71. After applying R2 R2 – 2R1 to C = 2 , we get
1 II. For a matrix having 13 elements, its all possible orders
are 1 × 13 and 13 × 1.
1 2 1 2 III. For a matrix having 18 elements, its all possible orders
(a) 2 5 (b) 0 5 are 18 × 1, 1 × 18, 2 × 9, 9 × 2, 3 × 6, 6 × 3.
IV. For a matrix having 5 elements, its all possible orders
1 4 2 1 are 1 × 5 and 5 × 1.
(c) 2 3 (d) 1 2 Choose the correct option
72. If A is a square matrix of order m, then the matrix B of same (a) Only I is false (b) Only II is a false
order is called the inverse of the matrix A, if (c) Only III is false (d) All are true
(a) AB = A (b) BA = A 1.1 0 0
(c) AB = BA = I (d) AB = –BA 1 0 0 2 0
73. If X, A and B are matrices of the same order such that X = AB, 79. Let A = [4], B = 0 2 and C = are the matrices.
0 0 3
then we apply elementary column transformation
simultaneously on X and on the matrix Consider the following statements
(a) B (b) A I. The matrices A, B and C are diagonal matrices.
II. The matrices A, B and C are of order 1, 3 and 2,
(c) AB (d) Both A and B
respectively.
2 1 4 1 Choose the correct option.
74. If A = 7 4 and B = 7 2 then which statement is (a) I is true and II is false (b) I is false and II is true
(c) Both I and II are true (d) Both I and II are false
true ? 80. Consider the following statements
(a) AAT = I (b) BBT = I k; i j
(c) AB BA (d) (AB)T = I I. Scalar matrix A = [aij] = 0; i j where k is a scalar,,
1 0 0 1 cos sin
75. If I = 0 1 , J = in an identity matrix when k = 1.
1 0 and B = sin cos , then
II. Every identity matrix is not a scalar matrix.
value of B in terms of I and J is Choose the correct option.
(a) I sin (b) I sin (a) Only I is true (b) Only II is true
J cos J cos
(c) Both I and II are true (d) Both I and II are false
(c) I cos J sin (d) I sin J cos 81. Consider the following statements
I. If AB and BA are both defined, then they must be equal
STATEMENT TYPE QUESTIONS i.e., AB = BA.
Directions : Read the following statements and choose the correct II. If AB and BA are both defined, it is not necessary that
option from the given below four options. AB = BA.
76. Consider the following statements Choose the correct option.
I. For multiplication of two matrices A and B, the number of (a) Only I is true (b) Only II is true
columns in A should be less than the number of rows in B. (c) both I and II are true (d) None of these
82. Let A, B and C are three matrices of same order. Now,
II. For getting the elements of the product matrix, we take
consider the following statements
rows of A and column of B, multiply them elementwise I. If A = B, then AC = BC
and take the sum. II. If AC = BC, then A = B
Choose the correct option. Choose the correct option
(a) Only I is true (b) Only II is true (a) Only I is true (b) Only II is true
(c) Both I and II are true (d) Neither I nor II is true (c) Both I and II are true (d) Neither I nor II is true
 304 MATRICES

MATCHING TYPE QUESTIONS cos 2 x sin 2 x 2a 2b

C. 3.
Directions : Match the terms given in column-I with the terms sin 2 x cos 2 x 0 2a
given in column-II and choose the correct option from the codes
sin 2 x cos 2 x
given below.
+
83. Column -I Column- II cos 2 x sin 2 x
49 Codes
A. If A = [aij]2 × 2 is a matrix, where 1. A B C
2
(a) 3 2 1
2
j i (b) 1 3 2
a ij , then a21 is
2 (c) 2 1 3
B. If B = [bij]2 × 3 is a matrix, where 2. 1 (d) 3 1 2
2 86. Column - I Column - II
i 2j Matrices Their product
bij , then b13 is
2 2 4 1 3 11 10
C. If C = [cij]3 × 4 is a matrix, where 3. 2 A. 3 2 2 5 1. 11 2
1 2 3 4
cij | 3i j |, then c11 is
2 1 3 2 4 4 6 8
9 B. 2.
D. If D = [dij]3 × 4 is a matrix, where 4. 2 5 3 2
2 6 9 12
dij = 2i – j, then d34 is
1
2 2 3 4 6 26
Codes C. 3.
A B C D 1 19
3
(a) 1 4 2 3 Codes
(b) 2 4 3 1 A B C
(c) 4 2 1 3 (a) 2 1 3
(d) 4 1 2 3 (b) 3 2 1
84. Column - I Column - II (c) 3 1 2
(Equal matrices) (Values of x, y, z) (d) 1 3 2
87. Column - I Column - II
4 3 y z
A. 1. x = 2, y = 4, z = 0 A. (A ) 1. BA
x 5 1 5 B. (kA) , where k is any 2. A
x y 2 6 2 constant
B. 2. x = 2, y = 4, z = 3 C. (A + B) 3. kA
5 z xy 5 8
D. (AB) 4. A +B
x y z 9 5. AB
Codes
x z 5
C. 3. x = 1, y = 4, z = 3 A B C D
y z 7 (a) 2 4 3 5
Codes (b) 1 4 3 2
A B C (c) 3 1 4 2
(a) 1 2 3 (d) 2 3 4 1
(b) 3 2 1 88. Column - I Column - II
(c) 2 1 3 (Matrices) (Inverse of matrices)
(d) 3 1 2
85. Column - I Column - II 1 1 7 3
A. 2 3 1. 5 2
2 2
a b a b a b b c
A. 1. 2 2
2 1 7 3
b a b a a c a b B. 2.
1 1 2 1
a2 b2 b2 c2 1 1 1 3 1 1
B. 2 2 2 2 2. C. 2 7 3. 1 2
a c a b 1 1

2ab 2bc 2 3 3/ 5 1/ 5
+ D. 5 7 4. 2 / 5 1/ 5
2ac 2ab
MATRICES 305
Codes alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You
A B C D have to select one of the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
(a) 2 3 1 4 (a) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is a correct
(b) 4 3 2 1 explanation for assertion.
(c) 3 4 1 2 (b) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason is not a
(d) 3 1 4 2
correct explanation for assertion
INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS (c) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect
(d) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Directions : This section contains integer type questions. The 96. Assertion : The possible dimensions of a matrix containing
answer to each of the question is a single digit integer, ranging 32 elements is 6.
from 0 to 9. Choose the correct option. Reason : The No. of ways of expressing 32 as a product of
1 1 x 1 two positive integers is 6.
89. If A , B and 97. Assertion : The order of the matrix A is 3 × 5 and that of B is
2 1 y 1 2 × 3. Then the matrix AB is not possible.
(A + B)2 = A2 + B2, then x + y = Reason : No. of columns in A is not equal to no. of rows in B.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 98. Assertion : Addition of matrices is an example of binary
x y 8 operation on the set of matrices of the same order.
Reason: Addition of matrix is commutative.
90. Given that x y z 9 ,
y z 4 1 2 2
1
then x = 99. Assertion : If A 2 1 2 , then AT A I
3
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 2 2 1
3 2 1 9 6 29 Reason: For any square matrix, A (AT)T = A
91. Given that A 5 7 , B 0 3 and X= 5 16 100. For any square matrix A with real number entries, consider
the following statements.
8 9 4 10 20 39
Assertion : A A is a symmetric matrix.
and if 2A + 6B = kX, then the value of k is
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 Reason: A A is a skew-symmetric matrix.
x y 1 2 23 34 3 0 0
92. If 2 4 3 4 14 20 , 0 4 0
101. Assertion : is a diagonal matrix.
then y = 0 0 7
(a) 6 (b) 1 (c) 8 (d) 9
93. If Bn – A = I Reason: A = [aij] is a square matrix such that aij = 0, i j,
then A is called diagonal matrix.
26 26 18 1 4 2
and A 25 37 17 , B 3 5 1 , 2 3 2 3
102. Assertion : If A = 1 2 and B = 1 2 , then B is the
52 39 50 7 1 6
then n = inverse of A.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 Reason : If A is a square matrix of order m and if there exists
94. Given that another square matrix B of the same order m, such that
AB = BA = I, then B is called the inverse of A.
1 2 k 1 1 0 0 0
1 4 4 3 6
2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
103. Assertion : Let A 2 5 and B 7 8 9 , then the
2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
4 7 5 1 2
then k =
(a) 6 (b) 1 (c) 8 (d) 9 product of the matrices A and B is not defined.
95. Consider the matrix Reason : The number of rows in B is not equal to number
4 3 of columns in A.
A
1 5 0 1 2
On applying elementary row operation R2 R2 – nR1, it 104. Assertion : The matrix A 1 0 3 is a skew
4 3 2 3 0
becomes , then the value of n =
11 4 symmetric matrix.
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 Reason : For the given matrix A we have A ' A.
9 1 2
ASSERTION - REASON TYPE QUESTIONS 105. Assertion : The matrix A 3 7 4 does not
Directions : Each of these questions contains two statements,
Assertion and Reason. Each of these questions also has four possesses any inverse.
Reason : A is not a square matrix.