XAVIER UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering

Cagayan de Oro City

ME 61 EF 1

Power Plant Design with Renewable Energy

Final Project

GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT FOR BUKIDNON

Submitted by:

Karl Bongalos

Cyvince Hurtado

Denmark Tabasan

Submitted to:

Dr. Elmer Dollera

 I. Summary of Project

1. What is the name of the firm?

The name of the firm/Gas Turbine power plant is Bukidnon Gas Turbine Power

Station.

2. Where is the location of head office and plant site?

The head office and plant site of the gas turbine power plant is located at Manolo

Fortich, Bukidnon (Zip Code: 8703, Coordinates: 8.3900° N, 124.8845° E).

3. Give a brief description of the project

The local government unit of the province of Bukidnon formulated a demand and

plan for a gas turbine power plant that can produce and distribute electricity to the

residents of Manolo Fortich and Sumilao in August 2023, working with the community and

private investors. A specialist monitoring and research team was deployed to oversee the

collection of the preliminary data, and many committees were established. Additionally,

engineers and architects were employed to aid in the construction of the power plant. It

is anticipated that the project will be completed and equipped to facilitate processes as

early as February 2024. This paper contains findings, information from studies, plans, and

diagrams to help anyone interested learn more about the development of this factoryand

the processes that will take place there.

Through the use of a large generator, the proposed gas turbine power plant design

can be used to produce electricity. The gas turbine power plant will be able to produce

electricity for the nearby people as well as supply energy to a number of the province’s

commercial districts. The Local Government Unit, the business' engineers and architects,

investors, and stockholders will manage and oversee the power plant. A variety of studies,
reviews, and investigations have been conducted in the past to investigate every method

that money may be saved while still maintaining a comprehensive health standard, worker

safety and happiness, correct management of materials and equipment, and proper

approval from the public.

4. What are the highlights of major assumptions made, such as market

projections, shares and prices, investment costs, method of financing,

etc.

a. Market Projection

A yearly average peak demand of 34.09 MW has been seen in the Manolo Fortich

and Sumilao power generation sector as of 2019. A projection from the demand for the

year 2019 has been made, spanning 6 years from the current year, considering elements

such as the annual increase of the demand for the island considering its rising economy,

from tourists and businesses (2018-2023).

ERC Case No. 2014-119 RC, pertaining to the approval of the Power Supply

Agreement (PSA) between Gerphil Renewable Energy Inc. (GREI) and Bukidnon Second

Elective Cooperative, Incorporated (BUSECO), was made public. 29 January 2015. This

forecasted demand for 11 years, from 2018 to 2028, with an average annual factor of 4%.

Given this starting component from 2018, it is predicted that the demand factor will rise

as the Province of Bukidnon economy continues to improve. The demand component is

to be increased to 4.0% when considering the anticipated growth of residential,

commercial, and other industrial institutions.

 (https://www.doe.gov.ph/sites/default/files/pdf/du_csp/2019-

2028_BUSECO_PSPP.pdf?withshield=1)

b. Market Share

Majority of the hydropower source comes from the state-run Agus-Pulangui Hydro

Power Complexes with an installed capacity of 982.1 MW. Cable connections allowed the

National Power Corporation hydroelectric project (NPC to provide the Province of Bukidon

with electricity. With a 50 KVA (Amorphous) capacity, it can power the municipality of

Manolo Fortich and Sumilao. According to reports, BUSECO supplied 11-12 MW per day

under its contract in 2018.

c. Market Prices

The expected cost of electricity in the Province of Bukidnon in 2019 is Php 15.15

per kWh for per customer. In Northern Mindanao, this is regarded as one of the more

expensive prices. Given that distribution would take place from the island itself rather than

from the primary source to the city through a cable, hydropower might be less expensive

than solar electricity, and its distribution costs would be lower than those of BUSECO and

other rivals. Electricity costs are anticipated to range between Php 2 and 4 per kWh,

putting them in a competitive position compared to major rivals.

 d. Investment Costs

Initial Capital needed would need to cover maintenance, wages, and other

miscellaneous purchases for the plant. The total is Php 49,330,720.66(estimation,need

to change). Initial capital would address the initial spendings of the Gas Turbine power

plant.

e. Method of Financing

With the help of Landbank, the long-term and short-term financing would be

sourced. The Land Bank of the Philippines is a public financial organization that

seeks a balance between carrying out its social mission of fostering rural

development and maintaining its financial viability. LANDBANK is distinctive due to

its dual purpose. The Bank's efforts and projects for development are financed by the

proceeds from its commercial banking operations. The largest formal lending

institution in rural areas is by far LANDBANK. In terms of deposits, assets, and loans,

it is also one of the top five commercial banks in the nation.

5. Give summary of findings and conclusions regarding the following:

a. Market Feasibility

According to projections and observations from current market activities, Manolo

Fortich and Sumilao is generally supplied by Bukidnon Second Electric Cooperative,

Incorporated (BUSECO), and the proposed Bukidnon Gas Turbine Station would face few

to no barriers to entry. Furthermore, as the following feasibility conclusions will

demonstrate, electricity generation and price are generally on the higher end of the
spectrum. The use of gas turbine power, and the subsequent use of the generated

electricity, would lower electricity prices while also adding to the municipality’s supply.

b. Technical Feasibility

According to reports and studies, most of the power supplied to Manolo Fortich

and Sumilao comes from the state-run Agus-Pulangui Hydro Power Complexes via cable.

This link is extremely vulnerable to environmental changes and natural disasters. As a

result, the technical aspects of the Bukidnon Gas Turbine Station would be extremely

beneficial to the citizens. Using Generators and inverters to generate electricity and then

transmit it to multiple power grids would be safer and more efficient, resulting in fewer

power outages.

c. Financial Feasibility

In 2019, an estimated cost of Php 15.15/kWh per user was recorded. This is due

to the various fees associated with the transportation of electricity supply via cable. The

introduction of the generated electricity to the citizens and investors of Bukidnon would

result in significant reductions in their electricity bills because the power supply would be

closer to them and would not require fetching from the main source.

II. General Information

1. Management of the Project

1. How shall the project be managed during the pre-

operating period?

• Operator shall prepare and submit to Owner, or update and

revise if previously submitted to Owner, Operator's proposed

 Operating Plan for the Pre-Operating Period no later than one

hundred and twenty (120) days after the Effective Date. The

Operating Plan shall include (and each amendment shall include) a

program and timetable for the performance of the Operator's

obligations, as well as a Budget for the Pre-Operating Period, and

shall only relate to the Services provided under this Agreement. The

Budget shall show (and any amendment thereto shall show) an

itemized estimate of the amount of each Operating Expense to be

incurred by Operator in the implementation of the Operating Plan in

such detail reasonably acceptable to Owner and on a Month-by-

Month basis.

• The construction will be completed in one year. It will take

about 350 individuals to finish it. The Project's civil works will include

the construction of (i) a steel and concrete structure to house the

power plant equipment, (ii) control rooms and an administrative

office, (iii) various support facilities, and (iv) such amenities as an

internal road and parking space. On-site fabrication, assembly,

installation, and erection of power plant equipment, control system,

power system, and various utility systems will be required for

mechanical and electrical works. Trucks will transport construction

materials and plant equipment to the project site.

2. How shall the project be managed during the operating period?

• Once the Local Government Unit and the National

Power Corporation (NPC) have granted permission to

operate, operations must begin three (3) days later. The

three-day periodwill be used for company briefings and

general orientation of employees. The OSHS Officer will

oversee the inspection and guidelines procedure, which

will take place three to four times permonth. To achieve

maximum production efficiency within the plant,

preventive maintenance is consistently practiced.

Customer service will be used to gather feedback and

resolve issues with the company's investors and

stockholders. Administration will work Monday through

Saturday, with a daily work schedule of 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.

The power plant will be operational 24 hours a day,

seven days a week, with emergencyteams on standby

and daily shifts of two batch intervals. Evaluations will be

conducted to improve the plant and increase output

through the improvement of equipment, solar farm

methods, innovative materials, and so on. A research

team would be dedicated to advising improvements

every quarter and achieving more than 50% of applied

improvements every year. The first two quarters would be

used to evaluate and assess peakloads and other load

 time schedules. The company would make changes to

adapt to the island's use and achieve optimal demandand

supply results.

Type of Business Organization

Corporation is being formed to develop the Gas Turbine Power Plant Project. A

corporation is a legal entity that exists independently of its owners. Corporations have

many of the same legal rights and responsibilities as individuals. They can enter

contracts, lend and borrow money, sue and be sued, hire employees, own assets, and

pay taxes. A corporation type of business organization is used because, due to the

company's demand and supply capabilities, as well as its goal of supplying energy to

an island, a small-scale organization managed by a single or small group of individuals

would be insufficient to achieve profitable results for stakeholders.

Organizational Chart:
 Bukidnon Gas Turbine Power Plant

Table of Personnel

Personnel Position Skills

Cyvince Chairman Responsible, Forward Thinking, Good

Hurtado Communication and Leadership

Denmark Chief Executive Coordination, Decisive, Open-Minded,

Tabasan Officer Motivational and Adaptability

Karl Bongalos Chief Operating Excellent Leadership, Interpersonal, People

Officer skills and relationship building

c. What skills and corresponding numbers of labor are required?

1. Recruitment program

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Managers 2 2 1 0

Assistant Managers 2 3 2 1

Officers 1 1 2 1

Operators 2 1 1 3

Other Personnel 18 18 19 20

Total 25 25 25 25

The recruitment program will be carried out over a 12-month period divided into

four quarters, with each quarter having a quota of 25 people to be recruited for a total

of 100 people.

Tools such as applicant tracking systems (ATS), pre-employment assessment and

screening, and analytics or business intelligence (BI) software will be used to make
 data-driven decisions.

2. Training program

• Employee training is regarded an investment that will provide

profit, growth, a good reputation, and trained personnel, the

project is aimed toward implementing it.

Types of Training Benefits

Orientation Training Knowledgeable Workers with regards to the company

Compliance Training Safer Workplace

Preservation of business reputation

Minimized risk of legal action

Reduced absenteeism

Managerial Training Proper and timely delegation

Maintain motivation in the team

Proper feedback or coaching

Leadership Skills Training It increases employee engagement

Builds a strong and united team

Raises future team leaders for the business organization.

3. Fringe benefits

• Accident and health benefits

• Commuting benefits

• Retirement planning services

• Educational Assistance Program

• Working conditions benefits

• Health savings accounts

4. Facilities

• Locker Rooms

• Rest Rooms

• Showers

• Water Coolers

• Eating Facilities

• Time Clocks

• First – Aid Equipment

2. Status and Timetable of the Project

a. What is the timetable of the project? Be specific.

 Planning (needs assessment, project agreement, site map) is the project's pre-

operational period, lasting three months, during which all proposed design and project

preparation will be managed. The training program is the company's recruitment program

where employee training will take place.

The construction of the Gas Turbine Power Plant marks the beginning of the power plant's

construction, which will begin in the second quarter of the year and is expected to be

completed in the fourth quarter. The Opening/Operating Period is when the Power Plant

is finished and ready to go.

III. Economic Aspect

1. Market Study

a. Demand

In the current market of Bukidnon’s power generation industry, an average peak

demand of 2-4 MW per day has been recorded since 2014. Considering factors such as

the yearly increase of the demand of the municipality considering its booming economy,

from tourism and businesses, a projection has been created from the demand of the year
2016, spanning 10 years from the current year (2009-2018).

Bukidnon is one of the main power producers that significantly contribute to the

supply carried by the Mindanao Power Grid. The Hydro-Electric Power Plant (Pulangui

IV), generating 255 megawatt of electricity, is situated in the municipality of Maramag.

Three power distributors serve the province of Bukidnon.

The First Bukidnon Electric Cooperative (FIBECO) serves the southern

municipalities while the Bukidnon Second Cooperative (BUSECO) serves the northern

part. A third, the Misamis Oriental Electric Cooperative (MORESCO) services the

municipalities of Baungon and Talakag. A few barangays in the province like the

municipalities of Kitaotao and San Fernando are recipients of the Department of Energy’s

Solar Cell. Projects of this type are also being implemented by the Department of Agrarian

Reform (DAR) which is located in the Agrarian Reform Communities in some barangays.

Shortage of peaking power supply of BUSECO. BUSECO has a Power Supply

Contracting Team (PSCT) which it utilizes as a technical working group tasked to study,

evaluate and recommend power supply strategies for its baseload and peaking load. The

PSCT has found that BUSECO's existing and future peaking load requirement is

increasing and that the current supply is inadequate. BUSECO, through its PSCT, is

therefore looking for an additional power supplier which can satisfy its peaking load
deficiency.

Power Suppliers of BUSECO. The franchise area of BUSECO had a total peak

power requirement of 29.70 MW in the year 2016. Currently, BUSECO sources its electric

power requirements from the following suppliers:

a. 5 MW from the Power Sector Asset and Liabilities Management Corp. (PSALM)/

National Power Corporation (NPC) under a Contract for the Supply of Electric Energy

(CSEE) as amended by a Letter of Agreement (LOA) until December 25, 2017, attached

herein as Annexes "G" and "G-1".

b. 5 MW from the Thenna Marine Inc., (TMI) under an Energy Supply Agreement

(ESA) until May 18, 2018.

c. 2 MW from the Thenna South Inc. (TSI) under an Energy Supply Agreement

(ESA) until September 18, 2040.

d. 10 MW from the FDC Misamis Power Corporation (FDCMISAMIS) from the

output of geothermal of Mt. Apo I and II which is currently managed by the later until 26

December 2017.

e. 8 MW from Coal-Fired Power Plant of FDC MISAMIS under an Electric Power

Purchase Agreement (EPPA) until October '4, 2031.

f. 220 KWfrom the Gerphil Renewable Energy, Inc. (GREI) under a Power Supply

Agreement (PSA) until June 25, 2021.

 In addition, BUSECO contracted 10 MW from Peakpower Bukidnon, Inc. for

peaking load requirement and 18.18 MW from GN Power LTD, Co. for its baseload

requirement which expected to be operational by the year 2017 and 2019, respectively.

PSALM Certification. PSALM has certified that it has insufficient capacity to supply

BUSECO's additional power requirements beyond the contracted energy and equivalent

demand in their current power supply contract. A copy of the relevant certification is hereto

attached as Annex "H".

Power Demand. The Capacity and Energy Demand of BUSECO for 2017 to 2040

is projected as follows (all in Megawatts hours-MWH), attached hereto as Annex "I":

YEAR DEMAND (KW) ENERGY (MWH)

2017 32,347 200,969

2018 33,853 209,499

2019 35,358 218,093

2020 36,864 226,755

2021 38,369 235,492

2022 39,875 244,307

2023 41,381 253,206

2024 42,886 262,195

2025 44,392 271,279

2026 44,392 280,464

 2027 47,403 289,756

2028 48,908 299,162

2029 50,414 308,687

2030 51,920 308,687

a. Competitive Position

BUSECO invited interested bidders to supply its 5 MW peaking power requirements

for the 2ndquarter of the year 2018 pursuant to Energy Regulatory Commission

Resolution No. 13, Series of 2015 directing all Distribution Utilities (DUs) to conduct a

Competitive Selection Process (CSP) in the procurement of their supply to the captive

market and in accordance to BUSECO's duly approved Competitive Selection Process

Guidelines through Board Resolution No. 2016-013. The public bidding was participated

by two (2) interested bidders, namely, Bukidnon Power Corporation (BPC) (now assigned

to NBPC with consent of BUSECO) and Solar Eagle Renewable Energy Corporation.

Two power cooperatives in Bukidnon, the First Bukidnon Electric Cooperative

(Fibeco) and the Bukidnon Second Electric Cooperative (Buseco), are unfazed by the

recent imposition of higher taxes on coal. The National Electrification Administration

(NEA) observed that investing in a sub-transmission consortium works wonders for both

Fibeco and Buseco in the Northern Mindanao province.

 Fibeco credits its calm demeanor to its procurement of a 69,000-volt (69kV) sub-

transmission line, which it shares with Buseco, making them client-owners of the said

facility. Representatives from both Fibeco and Buseco acquired it through a lease-

purchase agreement with the National Transmission Corporation (Transco) in 2015, after

a long and winding legal dispute that lasted several years over who should get the majority

stake.

When the two groups finally agreed to a 50-50 deal, Fibeco and Buseco thought it

was best to use the high-voltage power line under a consortium, which then led to the

creation of Bukidnon Subtransmission Corporation (BSTC).

The NEA noted that prudence had dictated its acquisition at the time, as both coops

feared that if they lose control over the 69kV sub-transmission asset, a bigger company

might pursue its own interests in it, affecting the welfare of their member-consumer-

owners (MCOs).

b. Marketing Program

Investing on a sub-transmission facility turned out to be a smart move for both electric

cooperatives (ECs), the NEA said, as it helped mitigate the impact of potentially adverse

policies they would be forced to adopt under the Electric Power Industry Reform Act

(Epira).

BSTC operates the 69kV sub-transmission line that spans over the areas of

Tagoloan to Lunocan at 14.4 kilometers (km), Kibawe-Maramag-Aglayan at 79.05 km,

and the one-kilometer Maramag-Pulangi lateral line.

Tortola described it as “just like a superhighway where electricity passes through the line”

and collects a corresponding toll fee from its clients, Fibeco and Buseco, which are tasked

to distribute energy to the end-users. “In essence, whatever income BSTC derives from

its operations eventually redounds to ECs because it could be plowed back either as a

form of a reduction of rates or of their

According to NEA it has long been advocating banking on this kind of asset and

other ventures that aim to lower the operational costs of electricity distribution for the

benefit of consumers without sacrificing the growth of ECs. NEA Administrator Edgardo

Masongsong is actively encouraging all power cooperatives to put up similar projects to

better position themselves in a more liberalized energy market under Epira and with the

onset of the Retail Competition and Open Access (RCOA) policy.

IV. Technical Aspect

1. Product

a. What is the description of the product specifically relating to

physical, mechanical, and chemical properties?

The gas turbine is the most versatile item of turbomachinery today. It can be used

in several different modes in critical industries such as power generation, oil and gas,

process plants, aviation, as well domestic and smaller related industries. A gas turbine

essentially brings together air that it compresses in its compressor module, and fuel, that

are then ignited. Resulting gases are expanded through a turbine. That turbine’s shaft
continues to rotate and drive the compressor which is on the same shaft, and operation

continues. A separate starter unit is used to provide the first rotor motion, until the

turbine’s rotation is up to design speed and can keep the entire unit running.

In power generation applications, a gas turbine’s power/ size is measured by the

power it develops in a generator (units watts, kilowatts, Megawatts). In mechanical drive

applications, the gas turbine’s power is measured in horsepower (HP), which is

essentially the torque developed multiplied by the turbine’s rotational speed.

b. What are the economic uses of the product?

Land based gas turbines are of two types: (1) heavy frame engines and (2)

aeroderivative engines. Heavy frame engines are characterized by lower pressure ratios

(typically below 20) and tend to be physically large. Pressure ratio is the ratio of the

compressor discharge pressure and the inlet air pressure. Aeroderivative engines are

derived from jet engines, as the name implies, and operate at very high compression

ratios (typically in excess of 30). Aeroderivative engines tend to be very compact and are

useful where smaller power outputs are needed. As large frame turbines have higher

power outputs, they can produce larger amounts of emissions, and must be designed to

achieve low emissions of pollutants, such as NOx.

One key to a turbine's fuel-to-power efficiency is the temperature at which it

operates. Higher temperatures generally mean higher efficiencies, which in turn, can lead
to more economical operation. Gas flowing through a typical power plant turbine can be

as hot as 2300 degrees F, but some of the critical metals in the turbine can withstand

temperatures only as hot as 1500 to 1700 degrees F. Therefore, air from the compressor

might be used for cooling key turbine components, reducing ultimate thermal efficiency.

2. Manufacturing Process

a. How shall the product be manufactured? (Show detailed flow

charts indicating material and energy requirement at each step,

and the normal duration of the process, detailed flow chart of the

manufacturing process).

The combustion (gas) turbines being installed in many of today's natural-gas-fueled

power plants are complex machines, but they basically involve three main sections:

I. The compressor, which draws air into the engine, pressurizes it, and feeds it to

the combustion chamber at speeds of hundreds of miles per hour.

II. The combustion system, typically made up of a ring of fuel injectors that inject a

steady stream of fuel into combustion chambers where it mixes with the air. The

mixture is burned at temperatures of more than 2000 degrees F. The combustion

produces a high temperature, high pressure gas stream that enters and expands

through the turbine section.

III. The turbine is an intricate array of alternate stationary and rotating aerofoil-section

blades. As hot combustion gas expands through the turbine, it spins the rotating

blades. The rotating blades perform a dual function: they drive the compressor to
 draw more pressurized air into the combustion section, and they spin a generator

to produce electricity.

Electrical Single Line Diagram

b. What are the other processes and factors considered to determine

the process to be adopted?

A gas turbine is a dynamic internal combustion engine. When we compare the

performance of a gas turbine to that of a steam turbine, it becomes immediately evident

that steam turbine performance is much easier to calculate, since both the vapor and the

vapor conditions are fixed.

For a gas turbine, the vapor condition depends on the type of fuel used and the

atmospheric conditions. This is because the inlet to the gas turbine engine is from the
atmosphere, and any change in temperature, humidity or pressure will affect the mass

flow into, and consequently the power produced by the gas turbine. The gas turbine cycle

(Brayton) is open.

As a result, steam turbine performance can be expressed rather easily in terms of

steam rate (pounds of steam per horsepower or kilowatt hour) and external efficiency.

Since the gas turbine vapor conditions are variable, however, its performance must be

expressed in terms of heat rate, BTUs per horsepower or kilowatt hour, thermal efficiency

and fuel rate. All of the above must also be expressed in standard terms. A set of

standardized conditions has been established by ISO (The International Standards

Organization) to rate all gas turbines.

Gas turbine site performance is directly affected by inlet air density and air environmental

conditions. The effects of inlet air density on produced power and heat rate are:

• A given engine design limits air volume flow capacity

• Produced power is a function of actual energy extracted per pound of vapor and

mass flow of vapor

• For a given engine therefore, produced power varies directly with inlet air density

• Produced power does become limited by low volume (stall and surge) flow

Care must be taken when selecting gas turbines to ensure sufficient shaft power is

available at high temperature conditions and fouled inlet conditions, and gas turbine

application tend to be ‘fully loaded’ since gas turbines (unlike steam turbines) are not

custom designed.
 c. What are the processes used in existing plants and in similar

projects in the Philippines or abroad?

❖ Alamitos Energy Center was originally built in the 1950s by Southern California

Edison and consisted of seven natural gas-fired generating units that were cooled

using a seawater once-through cooling system. Units 1 and 2 generated 175 MW

each, units 3 and 4 generated 320 MW each, and units 5 and 6 generate 480 MW

each. Unit 7 generated an unknown amount of electricity and was decommissioned

at an unknown date. The AES Corporation purchased the power station from

Southern California Edison in 1998

❖ Northport Power Station is the largest power generation facility on Long Island.

As of 2021, Northport Power Station consists of four steam turbine units with

a nameplate capacity of 387.0 MW each, as well as one gas turbine unit with a

nameplate capacity of 16.0 MW, for a total of 1564 MW. In 2020, the steam turbine

units together generated 2950.6 GWh of energy, which was about 29% of all

locally generated power on Long Island that year, while the gas turbine unit was

unused. All units are primarily fueled by natural gas, although the steam units have

the capability to burn fuel oil as well.

❖ The Forney Energy Center is a natural gas-fired power station located

in Forney, Texas. The energy center was commissioned in 2003 and features six

304 MW combined-cycle generators. It is the second largest natural gas-fired

 power station in Texas after the Sabine Power Plant.

❖ The West County Energy Center is a natural gas power plant in Palm Beach

County, Florida. The power plant features three 1,250MW multi-shaft combined

cycle gas turbine generating units on a 220-acre (89 ha) site. The facility has been

online since 2009, with all three generators reaching completion in 2011.

3. Plant Size and Production Schedule

a. What are the daily and annual production capacity of the plant?

The following tables/figures will display how big the daily and annual production

capacity of the plant is.

System Metrics

Module DC Nameplate 332.8 kW

Inverter AC Nameplate 288.7 kW

Load Ratio: 1.15

Annual Production 443.7 MWh

Average Daily Production (240 days 1.85 MWh

approx.)

Performance Ratio 84.0%

kWh/kWp 1,333.3

Weather Dataset BUKIDNON (LPP), PH(Weather Station)

Table for Monthly Average Production (2021)

b. How many days per year shall the project operate?

The expected run-time of the Bukidnon gas turbine power plant in days is 240 days

(20 days for each of the twelve months, the remaining days will be allocated for

inspection, monitoring, and possible repair and replacement of some

parts/components).

c. What are the factors used in determining plant size?

Scientific Data Considered:

I. Annual Global Horizontal Irradiance - Total global horizontal irradiance for the year,

indirectly from weather data.

 II. POA Irradiance – Total irradiance in the plane of the array of modules (averaged

across all modules and field segments).

III. Shaded Irradiance – Irradiance after all the shading is accounted for (horizon,

cross-bank, obstructions, etc.).

IV. Irradiance after Reflection – Irradiance after reflection off the surface of the module

(i.e. incidence angle modifier reflection).

V. Irradiance after Soiling – Irradiance after module soiling (e.g. surface dust) is

accounted for.

VI. Total Collector Irradiance – Total annual irradiance available to the modules in the

array (averaged across all modules and field segments).

VII. Nameplate – Nameplate power available to the modules (i.e. module nameplate

power * total available irradiance).

Other Essential Parameters Considered:

I. Proposed Location

II. Average Annual Sunlight/Rainfall Ratio

III. Availability of Construction Materials

IV. Availability of Raw Materials/ Products

V. Consumer Power

VI. Possible Competitors

d. What is the expected attainable production volume for the five years

considering start-up and technical factors?

 Year 1 2 3 4 5

Annual 467.3 MWh 492.07 MWh 536.88 MWh 590.56 MWh 649.62 MWh

Production

Daily 2 MWh 2.30 MWh 2.45 MWh 2.54 MWh 2.84 MWh

Production

Considered and estimated factors:

I. Year 1

o Estimated annual and daily production is achieved

I. Year 2

o Potential consumer reluctance and lack of trust, power plant

inefficiencies, unforeseen events like natural disasters, local

or national issues with the economy or energy, etc. Possible

expansion of work area, newer and more effective equipment,

more components are added, more investors and partnership,

availability and reachability to customers are improved, etc.

o run time is still 240 days per year.

o all these factors would, hypothetically would increase

production by a factor of 1.5.

4. Machinery

a. What is the machinery layout? (Indicate the number,

specifications, rated capacities of major machineries, prices of

equipment, and balancing of capacities of each major and auxiliary

equipment, stand-by units?

 Any of the devices which could be powered include gas turbine and gas turbine

components Computer equipment and gas turbine modules:

• Pumping Gas

• Generators, sometimes airplane and sometimes airplane generators

• Material Speed control to ensure steady performance of AC motor

• Benzin lubricating pumps

• Air pump

• High-pressure air compressor (under power board, etc.)

• Low-pressure air compressor (cabin air conditioning) where it is not given by

taping the bleed air compressor engine.

• Tactometer Drives Monitor

• External gearbox drive to the gearbox which may be required in certain

installations.

Field Segment Parameters

Description Racking Orientation Tilt Azimuth Intrarow Frame Frames Modules Power

Spacing Size

Field Fixed Landscape 25° 168.126° 2.5 ft. 1x1 1 040 1 040 338.8

Segment 1 Tilt (Horizontal) kW

Component

Component Name Count

Air compressor J-Series gas turbines 1,400°C class

Generator 5,200 KW Solar Taurus 60 Fuel

500 BTU Landfill Gas. Convertible

to Natural Gas #2 Dual

Boiler 40,000 PPH Cleaver Brooks 350 Steam Capacity = 40000

PSI

b. Where are the spare parts and repair services available?

The likelihood that they will be required determines whether spare parts and repair

services will be offered. Due to the province's limited access to them, spare parts

can only be obtained as necessary. Replacements for failing or flawed parts use

the same machinery and meet the same requirements. When it comes to repair

services, they can only be provided when there is a problem or when replacement

parts are required. Technically competent people will be approached. These

valuable individuals will be sought out in the area, and if none are found, aid from

those from nearby municipality will be used. However, should the need occur,

spare parts are available, as well as repair services.

a. What are the quotations from suppliers, machinery, guarantees,

delivery, terms of payment, and other arrangements?

Equipment/ Parts Specifications Quantity Cost Supplier

Lumber Plywood (Exterior 8 850 6 762 552.5 Power Steel Cebu

 Grades) Branch

Shelving Wood Posts and 4 500 4 463 115 Power Steel Cebu

Boards Branch

Structure Stone Blocks, Steels, -estimate 19 500 000 Power Steel Cebu

Pipes Branch

Fasteners Nuts, Screws, Bolts, -estimate 368 888 Power Steel Cebu

Sealants Branch

Insulation Fiberglass 7 000 7 521 450 Insuphil Industrial

Corporation - Cebu

Ventilation AC Units, Fans, Vents 415 6 428 638.5 Insuphil Industrial

Corporation - Cebu

Panel/s Modules Trina Solar, TSM- 1 044 28 408 277.46 AXITEC - imported
PD14 320 (May16)
(332.8 kW)
Module Mounting Steel Fixed Tilt -estimate 3 500 000 AXITEC - imported

Structure

Strings 10 AWG (Copper) 8 000 ft. 988 320 AXITEC - imported

Batteries VMAXSLR125-4 10 631 292 AXITEC - imported

Other Electrical Switches, Fuses, -estimate 3 000 000 AXITEC - imported

Meters
6. Plant Layout

a. What is the plant layout? (Show a layout chart)

b. What would be the effect of layout on materials flow and treatment of

materials handling and storage?

The study of work is known as ergonomics, and it is founded on the idea that a

person should be made to fit the job rather than the other way around. The field of

ergonomics focuses on the design and functionality of workstations, controls,

displays, safety equipment, tools, and lighting to meet the physical needs of

employees and to promote their health and well-being.

Restructuring or altering working environment to make a task easier and lowering

stressors that lead to cumulative trauma illnesses and repetitive motion injuries are
 all part of ergonomics. Ergonomic principles may call for controls in the field of

materials handling and storage, such as lowering the size or weight of the things

to be handled, installing a mechanical lifting device, or adjusting the height of a

pallet or shelf. Even though there is no method for completely eliminating back

injuries brought on by lifting materials, a significant number of lifting injuries can be

avoided by putting in place a successful ergonomics program and teaching staff

the proper lifting techniques.

Bukidnon Gas Turbine Power Station aims not only to generate and distribute

electricity to the residents of Bukidnon, but also, provide sustainable jobs as well as

preserve safety of both the labor workforce and the mechanical equipment inside the

plant. Thus, the following are expected to be enforced and followed:

Employees Safety

A formal training program to allow employees to recognize and avoid materials

handling hazards is recommended. Instructors should be well-versed in matters that

pertain to safety engineering and materials handling and storing. The content of the

training should emphasize those factors that will contribute to reducing workplace

hazards:

I. Alerting the employee to the dangers of lifting without proper training.

II. Showing the employee how to avoid unnecessary physical stress

and strain.

III. Teaching workers to become aware of what they can comfortably

 handle without undue strain.

IV. Instructing workers on the proper use of equipment.

V. Teaching workers to recognize potential hazards and how to prevent

or correct them.

VI. Awareness of health risks to improper lifting.

VII. Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, the muscles, and the

joints of the trunk, and the contributions of intra-abdominal pressure

while lifting.

VIII. Awareness of individual body strengths and weaknesses—

determining one’s own lifting capacity.

IX. Recognition of the physical factors that might contribute to an

accident and how to avoid the unexpected.

Equipment’s Safety

1. Do not attempt to operate equipment by overriding automatic shutdown or

warning devices.

2. Disconnect batteries or other sources of electrical power before performing

maintenance. This prevents injuries from short circuits and accidental cranking of

engines.

3. Avoid holding or touching spark plugs, ignition units, or high-tension leads while

they are energized.

4. When turning an engine by hand, use standard safety procedures to prevent

 injuries to finger or hands.

5. Do not use oxygen to pressure test fuel lines and equipment.

6. Do not use compressed air to spin ball or roller bearings after cleaning them.

7. Take precautions to avoid inhaling vapors of lacquer thinner, trichlorethylene,

and similar solvents.

c. What is the provision for expansion?

Expansion of working area is a part of the initial plans Bukidnon Gas Turbine Power

Station. The electricity generation capacity of the plant must be on the same level as of

the predicted increase in the consumer part. Hence, it is imperative to have a certain

allocation, or provision, for future expansions. These expansions include, but are not

limited to:

I. Increase in the work area of the field segment. This may include the

increase in the number of working cells, construction of buildings wherein

mounting structures can be built (further explained in structure –

improvements), utilization and usage of more inverters and energy storage

devices (batteries, generators, etc.).

II. acquiring more dependable system balancing equipment to boost the power

plant's efficiency even more. A more technologically advanced and

environmentally friendly system would lead to better protection, more stable

control, and more effective energy distribution. Overall, these prospects for

the future guarantee the plant's other parts' safety and maximum output.
7. Structure

a. What building or buildings shall be constructed?

Since Bukidnon Gas Turbine Power Station is at its proposal stages, only one

building will be made to cater the power cells for its first year. Any proposed and additional

structural improvements will be taken into account if a change is needed.

a. What is the cost of construction?

The building has a lot area of 215ft by 320 ft (total area of 68,800 ft 2). The

total land area that is used for it is at 60,000 ft2. The building is 35 ft high (12 m). With

this, the following breakdown of cost of construction is listed below:

Item Quantity Cost (PhP) Total Unit Cost

(PhP)
LUMBER
2”x8”x8’ 2 500 168.87 422175
2”x8”x14’ 1 500 527.48 791220
2”x8”x18” 1 250 774.95 968687.5
4”x4”x8” 1 000 328.52 328520
2”x8”x22’ 1 000 1130.16 1130160
2”x8”x32’ 750 2188.50 1641375
¾ 4”x8” Exterior 600 837.55 502530
Grade Plywood
½ 4”x8” Plywood 250 5225.62 1306405
Sheathing
Subtotal 6762552.5
SHELVING
Wood Posts 2 500 339.19 847975
4”x4”x6”
Plywood Boards 2 000 1807.57 3615140
(3/4)” 2”x8”
Subtotal 4463115
STRUCTURE
Hollowblocks, Estimate 7,500,000
Cement, Gravel
Steel, Pipes Estimate 12,000,000
Subtotal 19,500,000
FASTENERS
Nuts, Bolts, Screws, Estimate 250000 250000
Nails
Sealing Materials 350 339.68 118888
Subtotal 368888
INSULATION
Batt Fiberglass 3000 242.63 727890
Insulation 4”x1.5”x9”
Extruded 4000 1698.39 6793560
Polyurethane
Insulation
Subtotal 7521450
VENTILATION
Air Intake 50 1455.77 72788.5
Direct Drive Fans 25 3882 97050
150 CFM
Direct Drive Fans 25 5340 133500
500 CFM
 Evaporative Cooling 40 10920 436800
Pad 12x6x48 in.
Water Transfer 85 4000 340000
Pump
Exhaust Vents 85 1200 102000
Louvers 85 2900 246500
Aircon Units Estimate 5000000 5000000
Subtotal 6428638.5
EQUIPMENTS Subtotal 39,380,720.66
Miscellaneous 10000000 1000000
Expenses + Others
Subtotal 10000000
IMPROVEMENTS Subtotal 60000000
GRAND TOTAL 154,425,364.66

c. What are the other structures and their respective costs?

Since we are talking about the first year of construction and electricity generation

process, Bukidnon Gas Turbine Power Station will be solely limited to the above-

mentioned building. Any improvements will be done based on reviews, researchers, and

monetary availability.

d. What other improvements shall be done? (This specifically relates to

roads, drainage facilities, etc.)

In the months following its construction, the Bukidnon Gas Turbine Power Station

will need to implement several improvements, including roads, a drainage or liquid waste

system, a small disposal system, and the ability to purchase adjacent lots of land for the

potential future addition of mechanical systems.

8. Initial Capital requirements

a. How much is the initial capital needed

Wages Estimate 6950000

Miscellaneous Expenses + Others 10000000 100000

Maintenance Estimate 2000000

Components 39 380 720.66

Total 49 30

720.66

b. What are the assumptions made?

The initial capital required would need to pay for the plant's maintenance, salaries, and

other arbitrary purchases. The whole amount is Php 49,330,720.66. Starting financing

would cover the Solar power plant's initial costs.

9. Source of Financing

a. What are the sources selected or proposed for both long-term and

short-term financing indicating the currency, security, repayment period,

interest and other features?

With the help of Landbank, the long-term and short-term finance would be sourced. The

Land Bank of the Philippines is a public financial organization that seeks a balance

between carrying out its social mission of fostering rural development and maintaining its

financial viability. LANDBANK is distinctive due to its dual purpose. The Bank's efforts

and projects for development are financed by the proceeds from its commercial banking

operations. The largest formal lending institution in rural regions is by far LANDBANK. In

terms of deposits, assets, and loans, it is also one of the top five commercial banks in the

nation.

b. What is the status of financing from each source relating to actual release

already made, applications already approved, applications pending and

applications still to be made?

Landbank leads the country in offering small loans and big loans, here below are

Landbank’s requirements on acquiring a loan for corporate settings

Pre-Processing Requirements (Partnership and Corporation)

LANDBANK Loan Application Form

• Photocopy of Certificate of Registration with Department of Trade

 and Industry, Securities and Exchange Commission or Board of

Investments

• Certified True Copy of Articles of Incorporation/Partnership and

by-laws

• Board Resolution authorizing the management to obtain loan

from LANDBANK and designating the authorized signatories

• Notarized list of the following (certified by the Corporate Secretary

for corporations):

1. Officers

2. Partners (for Partnerships only)

3. Board of Directors (for Corporations only)

4. Principal stockholders and their stockholdings (for Corporations only)

• Biodata of borrowers or proprietors, partners, key officers,

• Board of Directors with passport-size ID pictures

• Sworn Statement of Assets and Liabilities of

borrowers/proprietors. partners, key officers, and Board of

Directors

• Photocopy of Internal Tax Revenue and audited (BIR-received)

• Financial Statement for the last three years

• Latest Interim Financial Statement

• Projected income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow

statement with basic assumptions

• Brief history of the business

c. How would the contingencies and seasonal peaks in working capital be

financed?

Financial statements from seasonally adjusted peaks would still come from

Landbank, as they have one of the most adaptable loan plan management systems

in the nation and could undoubtedly assist in seasonal peaks.

10. Financial Statements

a. What are the projected income statements for five(5) years?

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of-the-art-but-are-we-getting-too-cozy-with

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