Luminous Intensity Final Report: CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

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CCPR-K3.

2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20


Final Report

CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity

Final Report

Arnold Gaertner1, Éric Côté1, Joaquin Campos2, Gaël Obein3, Peter Blattner4,
Reto Schafer4, Liu Hui5, Jiang Xiaomei5, Cameron Miller6, Yuqin Zong6,
Errol Atkinson7, Erik Thorvaldson7, Kenichi Kinoshita8, Rheinhardt Sieberhagen9,
Irma Rabe9, Teresa Goodman10, Barry Scott10, Armin Sperling11, Detlef Lindner11,
Boris Khlevnoy12, Evgeniy Ivashin12.

1 National Research Council Canada (NRC), Canada (pilot laboratory)


2 Instituto de Optica (IO-CSIC), Spain
3 Laboratoire Commun de Métrologie (LNE-CNAM), France
4 Federal Institute of Metrology (METAS), Switzerland
5 National Institute of Metrology (NIM), China
6 National Institute of Standards and Metrology (NIST), United States of America
7 National Measurement Institute, Australia (NMIA), Australia
8 National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ, AIST), Japan
9 National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA), South Africa
10 National Physical Laboratory (NPL), United Kingdom
11 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany
12 All-Russian Research Institute for Optical and Physical Measurements (VNIIOFI), Russia

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Contents
1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3
2. Organization .................................................................................................................................. 4
2.1. Participants, selection .......................................................................................................4
2.2. Participants, contact information ......................................................................................4
2.3. Task Group, selection .......................................................................................................6
2.4. Task Group, duties ............................................................................................................6
2.5. Comparison artifacts, selection .........................................................................................6
2.6. Comparison measurement and analysis components ........................................................6
3. Comparison Procedures and Timetable ..................................................................................... 9
3.1. Comparison Protocol ........................................................................................................9
3.2. Lamp Shipment to Pilot ....................................................................................................9
3.3. Lamp Measurement at Pilot ............................................................................................10
3.4. Lamp Re-measurement by Participants and Report of Results ......................................10
3.5. Pre-Draft-A Process 1: Verification of Reported Results ...............................................10
3.6. Pre-Draft-A Process 2: Review of Uncertainty Budgets ................................................10
3.7. Pre-Draft-A Process 3: Review of Relative Data ...........................................................11
3.8. Pre-Draft-A Process 4: Identification of Outliers and Consistency Check.....................11
3.9. Draft A ............................................................................................................................12
3.10. Comparison Timetable ....................................................................................................14
4. Measurement Data and Analysis ............................................................................................... 15
4.1. Uncertainty Analysis .......................................................................................................15
4.2. Participant Lamp Data ....................................................................................................16
4.3. Measurements at Pilot .....................................................................................................17
4.4. Calculation of the KCRV and the DOE ..........................................................................23
5. Comparison with 1999 CCPR-K3.a Key Comparison of Luminous Intensity...................... 27
6. Summary ...................................................................................................................................... 29
7. Acronyms ..................................................................................................................................... 32
8. References .................................................................................................................................... 32
9. Appendices ................................................................................................................................... 33
Appendix A NMI Reports
Appendix B Review of Uncertainty Budgets
Appendix C Summary of Participant Lamp Luminous Intensity Values
Appendix D Summary of Pilot Measurements of Participant Lamps
Appendix E Calculation of the KCRV and the Unilateral DOE
Appendix F Calculation of the Bilateral DOE

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1. Introduction
1.1 The metrological equivalence of national measurement standards will be determined by a set
of key comparisons chosen and organized by the Consultative Committees of the CIPM
working closely with the Regional Metrology Organizations (RMOs).
1.2 At the 14th meeting of the Consultative Committee for Photometry and Radiometry (CCPR)
held on 1997-June-10 and 11, several key comparisons in the field of optical radiation
metrology were identified. In particular, it decided that luminous intensity/responsivity be
considered a Key Comparison (KC) and that the comparisons being piloted by PTB (K3.a
Luminous Intensity of lamps) and the BIPM (K3.b Luminous Responsivity of photometers) at
that time be treated as Key Comparisons. These first KCs of luminous intensity/responsivity
were completed in 1999 [1]. At the 20th meeting of the CCPR (2009-September-17, 18), it was
decided that a second round of key comparison CCPR-K3 be commenced [2]. The CCPR
approved “that for this next round there will be only one CCPR-K3 comparison, called
luminous intensity, and the details of the comparison (use of lamps or photometers) should be
decided by the task group carrying out the comparison. The task group will be established by
the WG-KC and its proposal of comparison artifacts shall be submitted to CCPR for
approval.”1 The National Research Council of Canada (NRC) was chosen to pilot this
comparison, with the intention that measurements would start in 2012.
1.3 The technical protocol was drawn up by the eight-member Task Group (TG) of the participants
of the CCPR-K3.2014 key comparison (see Section 2.3.), approved by all the participants, and
approved by the WG-KC.
1.4 This is the Final Report of the CCPR-K3.2014 Key Comparison. Draft A was reviewed and
approved by the participants in 2020-October. The draft B report was reviewed by CCPR WG-
KC from 2020-October to 2021-April, including one revision. The Draft B-2 was approved by
the CCPR WG-KC on 2021-April-02 and by the CCPR on 2021-November-30.
1.5 This report describes the comparison organisation (Section 2), the measurement methods and
uncertainties achieved at all the participants and at the pilot (Sections 3 and 4), and the method
for analysis and the results of the comparison according to this method (Section 4). It includes
a comparison of the results of this comparison with the 1999 comparison [1] (Section 5).
Section 6 presents a summary of the comparison.

1 WG-KC = CCPR Working Group on Key Comparisons

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2. Organization
2.1. Participants, selection
2.1.1 The invitation to participate in this comparison was prepared by the pilot laboratory and the
WG-KC, and then sent to all CCPR members by Michael Stock, Executive Secretary of the
CCPR.
2.1.2 The selection process for the participants was guided by the following criteria [4]:
1. The participant must be a member of CCPR.
2. The participant must be willing to serve as a link laboratory to their RMO.
3. The participant must have an independent realization of the unit or scale of the
comparison quantity.
4. The participant’s measurement capability of the comparison quantity, over the full range
of the comparison (e.g., full spectral range), must be listed in the CMC table published
at the time of the call for participants.
2.1.3 Since the number of applications exceeded the maximum of 12, the RMO Groups were
requested by the pilot to select the maximum number of participants in accordance with the
following Table One [4]:

Table One
RMO
RMO Group Members Maximum Number of Participants
Group
Group 1 EURAMET+COOMET 6
Group 2 APMP+AFRIMETS 4
Group 3 SIM 2

2.2. Participants, contact information


The final 12 participants selected are given in the following Table Two.

Table Two

NMI NMI Contact

NMI Address RMO Name Address


National Metrology Institute of South
Africa Sieberhagen, TEL: +27 12 841 3618
NMISA Building 5, CSIR Campus AFRIMETS Dr. EMAIL:
Meiring Naudé Road, Brummeria, 0184 Rheinhardt rsieberhagen@nmisa.org
Pretoria, South Africa
National Institute of Metrology, China
TEL: 86-10-64524830
No. 18, Bei San Huan Dong Lu
NIM APMP Hui, Mrs. Liu EMAIL:
Chaoyang Dist
liuhui@nim.ac.cn
Beijing, P.R.China 100029

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National Measurement Institute,


Australia TEL: +61 2 8467 3858
Manson,
NMIA 36 Bradfield Rd, APMP EMAIL:
Dr. Peter
West Lindfield, NSW 2070, peter.manson@measurement.gov.au
AUSTRALIA
Optical Radiation Section
Photometry and Radiometry Division
National Metrology Institute of Japan
TEL: +81 29 861 4082
(NMIJ) Kinoshita,
NMIJ APMP EMAIL:
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Dr. Kenichi
kenichi.kinoshita@aist.go.jp
Science and Technology (AIST)
Tsukuba Central 3-1, 1-1-1 Umezono,
Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563 Japan
TEL: +34 915618806
Pons, Dr. Alicia EMAIL:
Instituto de Optica (IO, CSIC) apons@io.cfmac.csic.es
IO-CSIC Serrano, 144. EURAMET
28006 Madrid, Spain Campos, TEL: +34 915616800
Dr. Joaquin EMAIL:
joaquin.campos@csic.es
LNE-CNAM
Laboratoire Commun de Métrologie TEL: +33 1 58 80 87 88
LNE-
(LCM) EURAMET Obein, Dr. Gaël EMAIL:
CNAM
61, rue du Landy gael.obein@lecnam.net
93210 La Plaine Saint Denis, France
Federal Institute of Metrology METAS TEL: +41 58 387 03 40
Blattner,
METAS Lindenweg 50 EURAMET EMAIL:
Dr. Peter
CH-3084 Wabern, Switzerland peter.blattner@metas.ch
National Physical Laboratory
TEL: +44 (0)20 8943 6813
Hampton Road Goodman,
NPL EURAMET EMAIL:
Teddington, Middlesex Ms Teresa
teresa.goodman@npl.co.uk
TW11 0LW United Kingdom
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt TEL: +49 531 592 4120
Sperling,
PTB Bundesallee 100 EURAMET EMAIL:
Dr. Armin
38116 Braunschweig, Germany armin.sperling@ptb.de
All-Russian Research Institute for
Optical and Physical Measurements TEL: +7 (495) 437-29-88
Khlevnoy,
VNIIOFI (VNIIOFI) COOMET EMAIL:
Dr. Boris
46 Ozernaya Str. Khlevnoy-m4@vniiofi.ru
119361 Moscow, RUSSIA
National Institute of Standards and
TEL: +1 301-975-4713
Technology Miller,
NIST SIM EMAIL:
100 Bureau Drive, MS 8442 Dr. Cameron
c.miller@nist.gov
Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA
National Research Council of Canada
TEL: +1 613-993-9344
NRC Metrology Gaertner,
NRC SIM EMAIL:
1200 Montreal Road, Building M36 Dr. Arnold
arnold.gaertner@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6

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2.3. Task Group, selection


The Chair of the WG-KC requested that a subset of the 12 participants be appointed to serve
on the Task Group (TG). The following eight NMIs requested to serve on the TG and were
appointed by the Chair of the WG-KC:

METAS Federal Office of Metrology, Switzerland


NIM National Institute of Metrology, China
NIST National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA
NMIA National Measurement Institute, Australia
NMIJ National Metrology Institute of Japan
NPL National Physical Laboratory, UK
NRC National Research Council of Canada, pilot
PTB Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Germany

2.4. Task Group, duties


2.4.1 Decide upon the type of artifact (lamps or photometers), and obtain CCPR approval.
2.4.2 Draft the technical protocol for the comparison.
2.5. Comparison artifacts, selection
2.5.1 Type of artifact: In response to the Call for Participants, eight of the participants had
indicated a preference for standard lamps as the comparison artifact, two of the participants
had indicated a preference for photometers as the comparison artifact, and two of the
participants had indicated that they had no preference. The TG discussed the suitability of
photometers and lamps to represent a key comparison of luminous intensity. After some
(email) discussions, the TG selected standard lamps to be the comparison artifact. This
decision, together with a summary report of the discussions, was submitted to the full CCPR
for their approval, which was subsequently received.
2.5.2 Type of lamp: The pilot undertook a survey of all twelve participants in the comparison to
determine the number and type of lamps that the participants wished to use for the
comparison. Based upon the responses to this survey of the CCPR-K3.2014 participants, the
comparison included both the Osram Wi41/G lamp and the NPL/Polaron Heavy Current LIS
incandescent lamp. The minimum set of any traveling standards used for this comparison was
a group of four lamps, with a set of six lamps recommended.
2.5.3 Type of comparison: Because of the fragile nature of the incandescent lamps, the comparison
was organised as a star comparison. Each participant was required to supply their own
comparison artifacts. Any individual lamp was measured by the pilot and by one
participating NMI, only. The participants were requested to measure each travelling standard
on at least two occasions and the pilot was also asked to make measurements on two
occasions to obtain some information about the lamp stability.
For the comparison, the measurement sequence NMI – Pilot – NMI was taken to achieve the
comparison results. Due to multiple measurements with a group of at least four lamps for
each participant, it was expected that the uncertainties due to the comparison itself could be
reduced by averaging.
2.6. Comparison measurement and analysis components
2.6.1 Pilot laboratory measurement. The detailed information concerning the measurements at the
pilot laboratory has been presented in the Technical Protocol for the comparison. It was the

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intent of the pilot laboratory to measure all lamps from all participants under as identical
conditions as possible. To this end, the measurements at the pilot did not commence until all
NMI travelling standard lamps had been received at the pilot laboratory, and all lamps were
then measured sequentially using the same measurement set-up, over a time period of
approximately 2 months. The NMI lamps were measured upon at least two occasions for all
NMIs and several lamp sets were measured three times.
The quantity compared using this setup was the photometer signal produced by the optical
radiation of each lamp. This procedure does not compare the lamps to any photometric scale
of the pilot laboratory, so that the lamps from the pilot NMI may be considered on an equal
basis to all NMI participants. Since near-identical measurement conditions were used for
each lamp, the photometer signal gives a direct comparison of all NMI lamps. Two
photometers were used, sequentially at each measurement, to provide a measurement and
equipment check. The measurement results from the two photometers over the two-month
time period also provided information concerning the stability of the comparison reference
scale. Additional information concerning the stability of this scale was determined from extra
repeat measurement of the pilot lamps, and the repeat measurements of the NMI lamps also
gave an indication of the scale stability.
2.6.2 Comparison analysis: The fundamental outcomes of a key comparison are the Key
Comparison Reference Value (KCRV), the unilateral Degrees of Equivalence (DOEs)
between each NMI and the KCRV, and the bilateral DOEs between pairs of NMIs.
The measurement procedure presented above results in a photometer responsivity 𝑅𝑖,𝑗,𝑚 in
units of (cd/V) for each measurement. In this symbol, i is the NMI number (i=1 to 12), j is
the NMI lamp number (j=1 to number of lamps submitted by the NMI), and m is the
measurement number of that lamp at the pilot (m=1 to number of times the lamp was
measured at the pilot laboratory). The candela values are the values for each lamp as obtained
from the measurements submitted by the NMIs.
An average (weighted mean) value 𝑅𝑖 is determined for each NMI. This ensures that each
NMI is treated equitably and that the results do not depend upon the number of lamps
submitted by the NMI, nor the number of times the lamps were measured at the pilot
laboratory. However, the uncertainties associated with the final 𝑅𝑖 for each NMI will depend
upon both the number of lamps and the number of repeat measurements since the
uncorrelated (random) aspects will be affected.
The KCRV is then determined from these 12 values of 𝑅𝑖 . In this comparison, the luminous
intensity scale of one of the NMIs (NMISA) was not their own independent realization.
Consequently, a tentative KCRV was determined from the remaining 11 NMIs. The DOEs
can be determined for all 12 participants. The KCRV determined from the 𝑅𝑖 is the
responsivity 𝑅𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉 (cd/V) of the pilot photometer as determined by the measurement of a
virtual KCRV Luminous Intensity lamp measured under the same conditions as the NMI
lamps.
The uncertainties in the determination of this KCRV are based upon the combination of three
basic uncertainties applied to the 𝑅𝑖,𝑗 measurements of each lamp: (1) the uncertainties in the
luminous intensity calibration of each NMI travelling standard as determined from the
measurements of each NMI, (2) the uncertainties of the comparison measurements made at
the pilot laboratory, and (3) an estimate of each lamp’s repeatability as determined from the
measurements at the pilot laboratory. These uncertainties are combined to produce the
uncertainties in the weighted mean 𝑅𝑖 for each participant.

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The determination of the initial tentative KCRV for this comparison was made according to
the CCPR guidelines [6], using only the data for the 11 NMIs as indicated above. It is based
upon a weighted mean with ‘cut-off’. The weights are determined based upon the NMI
reported uncertainties adjusted by the cut-off, combined with the transfer uncertainty of the
comparison and the uncertainty caused by the estimated lamp reproducibility observed
during the measurements at the pilot lab. The cut-off value for the NMI uncertainty is
determined as the average of the uncertainty values of those participants that reported
uncertainties smaller than or equal to the median of all the participants.
This initial KCRV was then tested for statistical consistency with the measurement results
using two criteria [6]: testing for statistical ‘outliers’, and testing for statistical indications of
under-estimated uncertainties.
As indicated in the CCPR-G2 guidelines [6], Pre-Draft-A Process 4, an ‘obvious outlier’ was
defined as participant results whose 𝑅𝑖 deviated from the KCRV by more than 3 times its
associated expanded (k=2) uncertainty. There were no ‘obvious outlier’ participants.
The CCPR-G2 guidelines [6] defined the Chi-Square (=0.05) test as the statistical
indication of under-estimated uncertainties. This test failed for the measurement data. It was
observed that a large contribution to the Chi-Square (observed) for the measurements was
due to the results from one participant, whose contribution to the Chi-square (observed) was
more than one-half the total. In addition, although not an outlier, their 𝑅𝑖 deviation from the
KCRV was close to 3 times its’ associated expanded (k=2) uncertainty. The comparison
participants agreed that the results from this NMI would not be used to determine the KCRV,
although the DOE for their results would be determined.
A new tentative KCRV was then calculated from the results of the remaining 10 participants
and the statistical tests were re-applied. The Chi-square (observed) test again failed and the
Mandel-Paule method was applied as suggested in the CCPR-G2 guidelines [6]. The
additional uncertainty required to enable the Chi-square (observed) to pass the test was
determined to be reasonable and the participants agreed to use this procedure to determine
the KCRV for this comparison.
After the publication of Draft A v1.0, LNE-CNAM pointed out that the results for their
transfer lamps deviated much farther from the KCRV than could be expected based upon
their previous experience and measurements. It was noted that their results were for the
participant identified above with 𝑅𝑖 deviation from the KCRV close to 3 times its’ associated
expanded (k=2) uncertainty. It was also noted that for the shipment of lamps from LNE-
CNAM, two lamps of the Polaron-type were received broken at NRC, and that one of the
Osram-type lamps indicated significant changes when re-measured at LNE-CNAM after the
pilot measurements, indicating that the entire shipment of their lamps had experienced a
severe shock during the shipment from LNE-CNAM to the pilot. They considered it highly
likely that the remaining 3 lamps would have suffered a short-term instability that would not
have been noticed during the comparison measurement sequence, and requested that the
results for their lamps be withdrawn from the comparison. This was accepted by the
participants. This request did not affect the calculations for the KCRV or the DOE, since, as
discussed above, the results from LNE-CNAM were considered ‘outlier’ data and not
included in these calculations.

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3. Comparison Procedures and Timetable


3.1. Comparison Protocol
The protocol was approved by the comparison participants on 2013-October-25 and
submitted to the CCPR WG-KC for their approval. After some minor edits, the protocol was
approved by the CCPR WG-KC on 2014-January-14. This was then submitted to the BIPM
KCDB Coordinator and registered on 2014-January-17.
3.2. Lamp Shipment to Pilot
The first lamps were received at NRC on 2014-March-13 and the last set of lamps was
received on 2014-August-26. The lamps were hand-carried by four NMIs and shipped by
seven NMIs. All lamps were checked visually and electrically for electric continuity of the
filaments. In the shipment of lamps from LNE-CNAM, two lamps of the Polaron-type were
received broken at NRC. These lamps were attached to heavy sockets that had broken loose
from their shipping mounting and the lamps had broken at the glass to metal joint of the lamp
base. We received a total of 56 Osram-type lamps and 6 Polaron-type (not including the
broken lamps) lamps from the 11 NMIs that delivered lamps to NRC. Together with the 6
lamps from the pilot that did not travel, the total number of lamps received was 62 Osram-
type lamps and 6 Polaron-type (not including the broken lamps) lamps. A list of the lamps
received is given in the following Table Three. The column labelled ‘Final’ is explained in
Section 3.7.

Table Three
NMI Number of Lamps
Osram Polaron Final Transportation Receipt Returned

NMISA 4 0 4/0 Ship 2014-Aug-26 2015-Jun-19


NIM 6 0 5/0 Hand Carry 2014-Mar-19 2015-Apr-16

NMIA 6 0 5/0 Ship 2014-Mar-18 2015-Feb-19


NMIJ 6 0 5/0 Ship 2014-Mar-21 2015-Jan-26

VNIIOFI 6 0 6/0 Ship 2014-Apr-23 2015-Feb-19

IO-CSIC 4 21 4/1 Ship 2014-Mar-21 2015-Feb-27


LNE-CNAM 32 32 02 Ship/Hand Carry 2014-Apr-10 2015-Apr-24

METAS 6 0 6/0 Ship 2014-Mar-13/19 2015-Feb-12/20

NPL 2 3 2/3 Hand Carry 2014-May-05 2015-Jul-30


PTB 6 0 6/0 Hand Carry 2014-Apr-14 2015-Jun-01

NIST 7 0 6/0 Hand Carry 2014-Apr-16 2015-Mar-06

NRC 6 0 6/0 No travel


Total 62 8 55/4

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1
One of the Polaron lamps from IO-CSIC failed during measurements at the Pilot lab.
2
Two of the Polaron lamps shipped from LNE-CNAM were received broken at the Pilot lab. As a
result the remaining lamps were hand carried by LNE-CNAM for the return to LNE-CNAM.
Upon their return measurements, they observed a large change in one of the Osram lamps and
asked to have it removed from the comparison. After the publication for Draft A v1.0 it was
agreed to remove all the LNE-CNAM lamps from the comparison. See Section 2.6.2.

3.3. Lamp Measurement at Pilot


All the lamps were measured from 2014-November to 2015-January. All the Osram-type
lamps were measured first, at least two times for each lamp, and then all the Polaron-type
lamps were measured, also at least two times per lamp. One Polaron-type lamp from IO-
CSIC failed during the measurements. On 2015-February-04 the participating NMIs were
invited to pick-up, or have shipped, their lamps for their return (round #2) measurements.
The first set of lamps was shipped from NRC on 2015-January-26 and the last set of lamps
was picked-up from NRC on 2015-July-30.
3.4. Lamp Re-measurement by Participants and Report of Results
All participants re-measured their lamps (Round #2) and sent their measurement results,
together with the measurement facility information, scale traceability and uncertainty budget
to the Pilot by 2015-November-30. As a result of their return measurements, LNE-CNAM
observed a large change in one of their Osram lamps and requested that it be removed from
the comparison (see Appendix A). This was approved by all participants by 2018-October-
15.
The NMI submissions concerning their measurement facility information, scale traceability
and uncertainty budgets are presented in Appendix A. The uncertainty budgets given in
Appendix A may contain the additional information requested as a result of the Pre-Draft-A
Process 2 review of uncertainty budgets (see section 3.6 below) by all NMIs.
3.5. Pre-Draft-A Process 1: Verification of Reported Results
The Pilot assembled the data received from each participant and sent to each participant,
individually, their reported values as received by the Pilot, for their verification. With some
minor modifications, the results received and used by the pilot were confirmed by 2016-
February-09.
3.6. Pre-Draft-A Process 2: Review of Uncertainty Budgets
The pilot distributed to all the participants the uncertainty budgets of all the participants to
allow them to review all the uncertainty budgets and request further information if deemed
necessary. Comments were sent to the pilot who then assembled all the comments and
forwarded the comments anonymously to the participant being asked and copied to all
participants. The comments received requested more information from many of the
participants. Replies were received from the participants involved, assembled and reported to
all participants, who were then given a further opportunity to respond. During this process
the participants agreed to the request of one participant (VNIIOFI) to change their reported
luminous intensity values as a result of an evaluation of their uncertainty budget. The revised
VNIIOFI luminous intensity values and uncertainties are those given in Appendix A.
The results of this PDA Process 2 are presented in Appendix B. This contains both the
review comments (shown in black type) and the responses received from the NMIs (shown in

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red type). It also includes the reason for the changes in VNIIOFI luminous intensity and
uncertainty values. PDA Process 2 was completed by 2016-July-11.
3.7. Pre-Draft-A Process 3: Review of Relative Data
The pilot lab prepared the “Relative Data” of each participant, which are the data reduced to
show only the stability of transfer standards for each participant before (Round #1) and after
travel (Round #2) and the internal consistency of all the transfer standards measured at each
participant lab. The “Relative Data” for all participants was distributed to all participants
without identifying any of the participants.
As a response to this data, there were three requests to remove a lamp from the comparison,
one request to change the reported Luminous Intensity of a lamp, and one request to use only
data from the first set (Round #1) of measurements by the NMI.
1. NMIJ requested removal of their lamp #69 due to the large change in value between
their Round #1 and Round #2 measurements.
2. NMIA requested removal of their lamp S14 due to the large change in value between
their Round #1 and Round #2 measurements.
3. After some discussion among the participants, NIM requested removal of their lamp
G-1071 due to the large difference in the relative value of this lamp between the
Pilot and NIM. It was concluded that this difference was due to a difference in the
construction of this lamp from their other lamps that caused the measurement set-
ups at the two laboratories (Pilot and NIM) to produce different results.
4. IO-CSIC requested a change in the Luminous Intensity value given to their lamp A454
for the Round #2 measurements. They traced this to be caused by the use of the
incorrect value for the resistance of their standard resistor used to measure the lamp
current (see Appendix A).
5. NPL compared the relative data and their repeat (R#1, R#2) measurements and
concluded that 2 lamps (Wotan lamps 877 and 890) had changed after the pilot
measurements. Thus the R#1 data could still be used, but the R#2 data removed (see
Appendix A).
After some discussion, these changes were accepted by all the participants (2017-February-
09). This explains the values in the ‘Number of Lamps/Final’ column in Table Three above.
The values for LNE-CNAM are explained in Section 2.6.2 above.
3.8. Pre-Draft-A Process 4: Identification of Outliers and Consistency Check
3.8.1 Pre-Draft-A Process 4: Identification of outliers:
A tentative KCRV was calculated by the pilot using the procedure described above in Section
2.6.2. There were no ‘obvious outliers’, as pre-defined in the CCPR-G2 Guideline [6], whose
average 𝑅𝑖 deviated from the tentative KCRV by as much as 6 times (k=1) the associated
uncertainty for 𝑅𝑖 .
3.8.2 Pre-Draft-A Process 4: Consistency check:
The consistency check of the data with the initial tentative weighted mean KCRV, using the
2
Chi-square (=0.05) test defined in the CCPR-G2 Guideline [6], resulted in 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 ≈ 45.4.
2
This was larger than the 𝜒0.05 (𝜈 = 10) ≈ 18.3 consistency check indicated in the example in
Appendix B of the CCPR-G2 Guideline [6]. Since the data fails this Chi-square test, the
Guideline then suggests the use of the Mandel-Paule method, applying an additional “inter-
laboratory variance” s2 to all the participant uncertainties that will force the data set to pass
2
the Chi-square test. However, it was noted that more than one-half of this 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 was due to the

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results of the measurements on the lamps from one NMI. It was also noted that the
measurements of these particular lamps showed a deviation from the tentative KCRV that
were close to the 6 times (k=1) their associated uncertainty for 𝑅𝑖 .
Considering the possibility of removing this data from the calculation of the KCRV, the data
was reanalyzed for a tentative KCRV based upon the remaining 10-participant data. This
2 2
resulted in 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 ≈ 18.3., which is only slightly higher than the 𝜒0.05 (𝜈 = 09) ≈ 16.9 given
in the table in the example Appendix B of the CCPR-G2 Guideline [6].
The pilot then conveyed this data to the participants (2019-March-11), and suggested that the
comparison KCRV be based upon the measurements of the 10 participants whose data
2
resulted in the 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 close to the CCPR-G2 guideline [6]. Replies were received from 4 of the
participants, all of whom approved the determination of the KCRV from the data of the
remaining 10 participants. Several replies recommended, noting the requirement of the
2
CCPR-G2 guideline [6], that since the 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 was still higher than 16.9, that the Mandel-Paule
2 2
method be applied to reduce the 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 to the 𝜒0.05 (𝜈 = 09) ≈ 16.9 given in the table in the
example Appendix B of the CCPR-G2 Guideline [6].
The pilot then performed the analysis to include the Mandel-Paule uncertainty. It was
2
determined that the additional uncertainty required to reduce the 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 , from approximately
18.3 to approximately 16.9, was small, approximately 0.06%, and that the changes in the
KCRV and the unilateral degrees of equivalence were also small, approximately 0.0014%.
This uncertainty could be explained as an adjustment due to ‘uncertainties’ in calculating the
uncertainties. The pilot then proposed that the data analysis for the Draft A comparison
report would include the Mandel-Paule adjustment of the uncertainties of the comparison.
The participants agreed (2019-May-24) to this procedure to determine the KCRV and DOEs
for this comparison.
3.8.3 Pre-Draft-A Process 4: Inconsistent Data Issues:
At this point it can be noted that the inconsistent data were from the measurements of the
lamps submitted by LNE-CNAM. As indicated above in Section 3.2, two of the Polaron
lamps shipped from LNE-CNAM were received broken at the Pilot laboratory. In addition, as
indicated above in Section 3.4, LNE-CNAM observed, upon their return measurements, a
large change in one of their Osram lamps between their pre-shipment and after return
measurements, and requested that this lamp be removed from the comparison.
The return measurements at LNE-CNAM for the remaining 3 lamps did not indicate a change
in these lamps larger than they would expect from the uncertainties in their measurements.
Consequently, this comparison cannot choose between an actual difference in the luminous
intensity scale at LNE-CNAM with respect to the KCRV, and the possibility that the lamps
were damaged during their transit to the pilot laboratory and subsequently ‘annealed’ during
the measurements performed at the pilot and then at LNE-CNAM upon their return, which
was done by hand-carrying the lamps.
3.9. Draft A
3.9.1 Draft A v1.0
Draft A v1.0 was prepared and sent on 2019-July-24 to all participants for review. As a
results of comments received the next version of Draft A was prepared.
3.9.2 Draft A v2.0

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Draft A v2.0 was prepared as described below and sent on 2020-January-09 to all
participants for their review.
3.9.2.1 Removal of LNE-CNAM results:
As discussed in Section 2.6.2 above, after the publication of Draft A v1.0, LNE-CNAM
pointed out that the results for their transfer lamps deviated much farther from the KCRV
than could be expected based upon their previous experience and measurements. Noting the
shock that their shipment of lamps had sustained upon shipment to the pilot, causing the
breakage of some lamps, they requested that the results for all their lamps be removed from
the comparison. This was agreed to by the participants. This request did not affect the
calculations for the KCRV or the DOE, since, as discussed above, the results from LNE-
CNAM were considered ‘outlier’ data and not included in these calculations.
3.9.2.2 Adjustment of Weighting Factors used for Weighted Means of Participant Data:
Participant measurement data is combined at two stages: i) the combination of Round #1 and
Round #2 values for each lamp, and ii) the combination of the results for all lamps used by a
participant into a final value for the participant. The weights used in Draft A v1.0 for each of
these combinations was the usual statistical inverse square of the (absolute) uncertainties of
the luminous intensities. It was noted that this caused an issue with the combination of results
of all lamps for participants that used both the Osram-type lamps and the Polaron-type lamps.
If the lamps all have the same fractional luminous intensity uncertainties, but quite different
luminous intensities, the weights for the higher intensity (Type Polaron) lamps are
considerably smaller than the weights for the Osram-type lamps if absolute uncertainties are
used. It was requested that fractional uncertainties be used for these calculations in order to
provide a more equal weighting of all lamps used by the participant. This will have an almost
negligible effect for participants that only sent one type of lamp, but will affect those that
sent both types of lamps. For Draft A v2.0, fractional uncertainties are used for the
combination of the results for all lamps used by a participant.
3.9.2.3 Uncertainty Analysis:
The uncertainty analysis, presented in Section 4, combines the many uncertainty components
of the participant and pilot measurements. Concern was expressed that the use of the terms
Type A, Type B, uncorrelated and correlated were inconsistently and incorrectly applied by
both the participants and the pilot in the uncertainty analysis. The explanation and analysis in
Section 4 has been reworked to provide more clarity in the procedures used in the preparation
of this report. In particular, the use of the terms Type A and Type B has been avoided since
they describe the origins/evaluations of uncertainties, whereas the combination of
uncertainties requires the use of the correlations or non-correlations between variables. The
predominant changes in calculations were made in the combination of participant
uncertainties for each lamp into a final participant uncertainty (Section 4.2.3), and in the
calculation of the pilot transfer uncertainty (Section 4.3.4). These changes had very little
effect on the DOEs and their uncertainties from the values presented in Draft A v1.0.
3.9.3 Draft A v2.1
As a results of comments upon Draft A v2.0, a slightly modified version, Draft A v2.1, was
prepared. This version corrected the mathematical application of the split of the uncorrelated
component of each participant lamp into correlated and uncorrelated components as
described in Section 4.2.3. If a fraction 𝑓 of the original uncorrelated component is taken as
the final uncorrelated component, then a fraction √(1 − 𝑓 2 ) of the original uncorrelated

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component must be taken as the additional correlated component in order to keep the total
final uncertainty for each lamp the same before and after the split. This correction (𝑓=0.5)
had a negligible effect upon the results.
As a result of further comments concerning the preparation of participant uncertainty
analyses and the separation of uncertainties into correlated and uncorrelated components at
various stages of uncertainty combination, an additional paragraph was added to the
Summary.
3.10. Comparison Timetable

Table Four

Comparison Timetable

Activity (responsibility) Completion Date


Start 2010-September-06
Call for participants (CCPR)
End 2010-October-31
Finalise participants (pilot) 2011-March-10
Finalise and appoint Task Group (chair of WG-KC) 2011-April-15
Choice of comparison artifact (TG) 2011-August-23
CCPR approval of comparison artifact (CCPR) 2011-September-17
Develop draft Protocol (TG) 2013-July-31
Approval of draft Protocol by all participants (pilot, participants) 2013-October-25
Protocol approved by CCPR WG-KC (WG-KC) 2014-January-14
Submit KCDB entry form and technical protocol to CCPR
Executive Secretary for Registration of CCPR-K3.2014 with 2014-January-17
KCDB office (pilot)
Receipt of calibrated traveling standards by pilot (participants) 2014-August-26
Start 2014-November
Measurement of participants’ traveling standards (pilot)
End 2015-January
Return of traveling standards to participants (pilot/participants) 2015-July-30
Repeat measurements of traveling standards (participants) Start 2015-February
Participant data received by pilot (participants) 2015-November-30
Pre-Draft A Process 1: Verification of reported results (pilot) 2016-January-12
Pre-Draft A Process 1: Response to ‘Verification’ (participants) 2016-February-09
Pre-Draft A Process 2: Distribution of uncertainty budgets (pilot) 2016-February-23
Pre-Draft A Process 2: Response to Review of uncertainty budgets,
2016-July-11
with one iteration (participants)

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Pre-Draft A Process 3: Distribution of “Relative Data” (pilot) 2016-July-28


Pre-Draft A Process 3: Response to “Relative Data” (participants) 2017-February-09
Pre-Draft A Process 4: Identification of outliers and consistency
2019-May-24
check (pilot/participants)
Distribution of Draft A v1.0(pilot) 2019-July-24
Review of Draft A v1.0 (participants) 2020-January-09
Distribution of Draft A v2.0(pilot) 2020-January-28
Review of Draft A v2.0 (participants) 2020-March-02
Distribution of Draft A v2.1(pilot) 2020-March-19
Review of Draft A v2.1 (participants) 2020-October-09
Approval of final Draft A (participants) 2020-October-09
Submit Draft B to CCPR WG-KC for approval (pilot) 2020-October-15
Review of Draft B (CCPR WG-KC) 2021-February-24
Submit Draft B-2 to CCPR WG-KC for approval (pilot) 2021-March-11
Review of Draft B-2 (CCPR WG-KC) 2021-April-02
Approval of Draft B-2 (CCPR WG-KC) 2021-April-02
Submit Draft B-2 to CCPR for approval (pilot) 2021-April-08
Approval of Draft B-2 (CCPR) 2021-November-30
Publication of final report 2022-May-20

4. Measurement Data and Analysis


The comparison data is discussed under three basic components: the data received from each
participant concerning the lamps submitted, the measurement/comparison of all these lamps
at the pilot laboratory, and the repeatability of each lamp as determined by the measurements
at the pilot laboratory.
4.1. Uncertainty Analysis
Participants were requested to submit uncertainty values, separated into the random
(uncorrelated) and the systematic (correlated) components, for each of their lamp
measurements. These components were carried throughout the analysis of the data. Weighted
means were determined for most quantity values. If we use the function 𝑓 to be the weighted
mean of the quantities 𝑥𝑖 , and use normalised weights 𝜔𝑖 , we can calculate the uncertainties
for the function 𝑓 as:

𝑓 = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝜔𝑖 ∙ 𝑥𝑖 (1)
𝜕𝑓
= 𝜔𝑖 (2)
𝜕𝑥𝑖
𝜕𝑓 2
2 (𝑓)
𝑢𝑢𝑐 = ∑𝑛𝑖=1 (𝜕𝑥 ) ∙ 𝑢𝑢𝑐
2 (𝑥 ) 𝑛 2 2
𝑖 = ∑𝑖=1 𝜔𝑖 ∙ 𝑢𝑢𝑐 (𝑥𝑖 ) (3)
𝑖

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𝜕𝑓 2
𝑢𝑐2 (𝑓) = [∑𝑛𝑖=1 (𝜕𝑥 ) ∙ 𝑢𝑐 (𝑥𝑖 )] = [∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝜔𝑖 ∙ 𝑢𝑐 (𝑥𝑖 )]2 (4)
𝑖

The subscripts uc and c indicate uncorrelated and correlated, respectively. These uncorrelated
and correlated uncertainties can be carried into subsequent calculations as appropriate. The
final total uncertainty for the function 𝑓 is given by the combination:
𝑢2𝑇 (𝑓) = {(∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝜔𝑖2 ∙ 𝑢𝑢𝑐
2
(𝑥𝑖 )) + ([∑𝑛𝑖=1 𝜔𝑖 ∙ 𝑢𝑐 (𝑥𝑖 )]2 )} (5)

4.2. Participant Lamp Data


4.2.1 Participant Lamp Luminous Intensity values for each measurement round
For each round, participants were requested to make at least 2 independent (after full
realignment) sets of measurements of luminous intensity on each lamp and to record/report
the results, with uncertainties, in their submission of data to the pilot. Some of the
participants submitted the data for each set of measurements. In these cases, the pilot was
able to calculate weighted means and uncertainties, with weights determined from the
uncorrelated uncertainties, as indicated in Section 4.1 above. The random/systematic
components submitted by the participants were directly used as uncorrelated/correlated for
these calculations. Some participants indicated that they had performed several sets of
measurements, but only submitted the final values determined from these sets of
measurements. In these cases, the pilot used the participants’ values as the final values for the
luminous intensity for each lamp.
4.2.2 Participant Lamp Luminous Intensity values: combined Round#1 and Round#2
The final comparison value of the luminous intensity of each lamp was determined as the
weighted mean of the values obtained from each round (Section 4.2.1), with the uncorrelated
and the correlated uncertainties for this final value determined as indicated in Section 4.1
above. The pilot assumed that the same random/systematic (uncorrelated/correlated)
uncertainties submitted by the participants for each lamp were the same for each round. This
does have the effect of reducing the uncorrelated uncertainty for the final luminous intensity
of each lamp. Some participants indicated the final values they applied to their lamps from
the results of both rounds. In these cases, the pilot used the participant values as the final
values.
4.2.3 Average Uncertainty of Measurement for each participant
The uncertainty in each participant’s representative luminous intensity ‘scale’, exemplified
by the uncertainties in the luminous intensity values of each lamp, as determined in Section
4.2.2 above, can be determined using equations (3) to (5). If fractional standard uncertainties
are used for the 𝑢𝑢𝑐 (𝑥𝑖 ) and the 𝑢𝑐 (𝑥𝑖 ) in equations (3) and (4), the final fractional standard
uncertainty of the participant representative luminous intensity, as embodied in the travelling
standard lamps, can be determined with equation (5). This enables the combination of
uncertainties from lamps with different luminous intensities, especially if the participant used
both Osram and Polaron lamps.
In Draft A v1.0 the weights used were determined from the final (equation (5)) absolute
uncertainties for each lamp. For Draft A v2.0 the weights used were also determined from the
final (equation (5)) uncertainties for each lamp, but using fractional values. See Section 3.9.2
above. This had very little difference on the final values.
In Draft A v1.0 the uncorrelated/correlated components of each lamp uncertainty used for the
uncertainty of the combination of all the lamps for each participant was assumed to be the

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same as for the uncorrelated/correlated combination of repeat measurements of that lamp as


used in Sections 4.2.1 and 4.2.2. Concern was expressed that this may have reduced the
uncorrelated components incorrectly. See Section 3.9.3 above. For Draft A v2.0 the
uncorrelated component of each participant lamp, resulting from the calculations in Section
4.2.2 above, has been divided equally into two parts: one part considered uncorrelated for
this NMI combination, and the other part considered correlated for this NMI combination.
This also had very little difference in final comparison values.
It was pointed out that a 50:50 split of the uncorrelated component did not result in
maintaining the same final combined uncertainty for the lamp luminous intensity. This was
corrected in Draft A v2.1 by noting that if a fraction 𝑓 of the original uncorrelated component
is taken as the final uncorrelated component, then a fraction √(1 − 𝑓 2 ) of the original
uncorrelated component must be taken as the additional correlated component in order to
keep the total final uncertainty for each lamp the same before and after the split. With 𝑓 =
0.5 this also had very little difference in final comparison values.

The participant lamp data is summarised in Appendix C.


4.3. Measurements at Pilot
4.3.1 NRC Measurement Configuration
The basic measurement procedures used at the pilot were discussed in Section 2.6.1 above,
including reference to the Technical Protocol of this comparison. The schematic of the NRC
measurement configuration from the Protocol is reproduced here in Figure One.

Z
SideView X

Optical Axis

Photometer Limiting LIS Conical Alignment


Aperture lamp Light Trap Laser

Optical Axis

X
Y
Top View

Telescope

Figure One
Schematic of NRC Measurement Configuration
LIS = Luminous Intensity Standard (Osram lamp shown)

The photometer measurement position consisted of three photometers mounted on a


computer-controlled linear table. The motion was along the Y-axis (horizontal). This enabled

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measurements by three photometers sequentially for each lamp measurement. There were
three cycles of measurement for each lamp lighting. Each cycle consisted of the
measurements:
Lamp current, lamp voltage, photometer #1, photometer #2, photometer #3, lamp current
lamp voltage. Since there were shutters in front of each photometer, photometer zero
measurements were taken before and after the photometer signal measurements. Each of
all these (13) measurements was a sequence of 5 voltmeter readings.
The use of three photometers gave one measure of the stability of the measurement
configuration during the comparison. The data from one photometer was discarded due to
drift that was traced to a mechanical instability in the mounting of the photometer upon the
linear table. The remaining two photometers gave almost identical results. Consequently, the
data from only one of these photometers was used for the final analysis.
Further discussion of the NRC measurements is given in the following uncertainty analysis
for the comparison measurements.
4.3.2 Uncertainty of Comparison Measurements at Pilot (NRC)
A summary of the uncertainties is presented in Table Five. The column ‘Combination Type’
indicates the correlation between the variables for the purpose of combining participant lamp
measurements.

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Table Five
Pilot Measurement Uncertainty Budget
Relative Standard
Combination Uncertainty in
Number Source of Uncertainty
Type Luminous
Intensity
NRC Optical Coordinate System
1 Alignment of Z-axis correlated 0.0000002
Alignment of Y-axis (Telescope optical
2 correlated 0.0000025
axis)

NRC Photometer
3 Spectral Mismatch Error correlated 0.0001
4 Responsivity Drift uncorrelated 0.0005
5 Signal Noise/fluctuations uncorrelated 0.000001
6 Alignment to optical axis (Y-Z center) correlated 0.000000
7 Alignment to optical axis (Y-Z angular) correlated 0.000000

Participant Lamps
Electrical
8 Standard resistor calibration correlated 0.0000042
DVM voltage calibration (lamp
9 correlated 0.00007
current)
10 Lamp current setting uncorrelated 0.0000498
11 Lamp current fluctuations uncorrelated 0.0000616
Optical
12 Vertical filament plane (Z-axis) uncorrelated 0.000140
13 Vertical filament plane (Y-axis) uncorrelated 0.000035
14 Lamp to Photometer distance uncorrelated 0.0003
Photometric
Lamp output fluctuations 0.0000262 /
15 uncorrelated
(Osram/Polaron) 0.0002322

SQRT(SUMSQ) Uncorrelated:
0.061% / 0.065%
(Osram/Polaron)

SQRT(SUMSQ) Correlated:
0.012% / 0.012%
(Osram/Polaron)

SQRT(SUMSQ): (Osram/Polaron) 0.062% / 0.066%

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4.3.2.1 Angular Uncertainties


As indicated in the protocol, the measurand is the luminous intensity of an incandescent lamp
in a specified direction from a defined point on a reference plane defined by the plane of the
lamp filament. The required measurement optical axis passes through the center of the
filament, and is perpendicular to the plane of the filament (Osram Wi41/G), or to the rear
surface of the front window of the lamp envelope (Polaron). Setting to the normal of a plane
does not fix the rotation of the plane about the normal. In our case, this is a rotation about the
X-axis. In the case of the Osram lamps with the lower filament support, rotation about the X-
axis was adjusted until a plumb line is visually equidistant from the two filament wires at the
center of the filament. In the case of the Osram lamps with a filament with the center support,
the horizontal sections on each side of the filament are aligned along the Y-axis (horizontal).
The side of the lamp envelope was used to set the lamp envelope of the Polaron lamps to
vertical. It is assumed that the uncertainty of lamp intensity due to an uncertainty in the
rotation about the X-axis may be neglected.
The geometric measurement configuration involves two basic components: an optical
coordinate system with the 3 orthogonal axes, and the components required to set the
photometers and the participant lamps to this coordinate system.
The measurement optical axis is given by the horizontal laser beam to define the X-Axis as
indicated in Figure One. The telescope is then set to indicate the Y and Z axes.
The lamp mount enabled the rotation of the lamp about all 3 axes and the motion of the lamp
along all three axes.
The uncertainties in the luminous intensity as a result of the uncertainties in setting up the
required angles for the lamp positioning follow the analysis presented in the CIE publications
[8, 9]. The luminous intensity distribution of the lamps as a function of the two angles of
rotation about the Y and Z axis is discussed in reference [9, section 1.10 Lamp Properties].
The example given uses modified cosine functions in the two angles, where modified means
exponents to the cosine functions, and rectangular probability distributions (RPD) for the
uncertainties in the alignments. The equations for the uncertainties are developed in the main
document (reference [8], section 3.3.4 “Cosine Function as Non-linear Example”). The
cosine function is replaced with a non-linear series (1st and 2nd terms in Taylor expansion),
the shift in the average values below cos(0)=1.0 is ‘ignored’ and the uncertainty is increased
to take up this error. The result is that the measurement uncertainty of the luminous intensity
due to angular uncertainty is given by the modified/serialized/shifted cosine function as
2 𝑔2 ∙𝜃𝑚𝑎𝑥
4
𝑢𝑟𝑒𝑙 (𝐼) = (6)
20
Where
𝑔 ∙ 𝜃2
𝐼(𝜃) = 𝐼0 ∙ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑔 (𝜃) ≈ 𝐼0 (1 − + 𝑂[3]) , 𝑟𝑒𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝐼0
2
and 𝜃𝑚𝑎𝑥 is the limit of the rectangular probability distribution.
The uncertainties in the angles used in these measurements are small. It is assumed that the
choice of g=1 gives a reasonable estimate of the associated uncertainties in the luminous
intensity. Equation (6) is used to estimate the uncertainties in the pilot uncertainty budget that
are due to angular uncertainties.

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4.3.2.2 NRC Optical Coordinate System


The uncertainties associated with setting up the 3D orthogonal coordinate system for
measuring the lamps are basically the two uncertainties in establishing the Z-axis and the Y-
axis, listed as uncertainties 1 and 2 in Table Five. The Y- and Z-axes are set with respect to
the X-axis laser beam using a commercial right-angle prism that has a quoted angular
uncertainty of 2 arcmin. This is aligned to the laser beam using retroreflection from two
plane faces of the prism.
Uncertainty #1: Alignment of Z-axis: This is composed of three components: the accuracy of
the prism angles, the accuracy of the laser retroreflection, and, for the purposes of aligning
the lamp filament plane for rotation about the Y-axis, the accuracy of our lamp mount in
motion along the Z-axis.
Uncertainty #2: Alignment of Y-axis: This is composed of three components: the accuracy of
the prism angles, the accuracy of the laser retroreflection, and the accuracy of the alignment
of the telescope optical axis along the Y-axis laser beam from the prism. The latter is the
predominant contributor to this uncertainty.
4.3.2.3 NRC Photometer
Uncertainty #3: Photometer Spectral Mismatch Error: The relative spectral responsivities of
the three commercial photometers used were measured in our laboratory. The Spectral
Mismatch Error (F*) calculated for Planck radiators between 2800 K and 2900 K indicated a
change in F* from +0.01% to -0.01%. A Type B uncertainty of 0.01% was applied to all
measurements and no corrections were made to individual lamps.
Uncertainty #4: Photometer Responsivity Drift: Since each comparison lamp was measured
at least two times, an estimate of the potential photometer drift may be made from the
changes in the measurements on the lamps. An estimate of the possible change over the
course of the measurements was 0.1%. (This value could include any drift in lamp output
such as due to ageing.) Since the final value for the lamp measurements is an average of all
the measurements on that lamp, an estimate of the uncertainty due to possible photometer
drift of 0.05% is used. See also Section 4.3.3 below, which uses the standard deviation of the
mean values for individual lamps for the lamp reproducibility.
Uncertainty #5: Photometer Signal Noise/Fluctuations: The fluctuations in the photometer
signal due to the photometer itself were estimated from the fluctuations in the zero signals of
the photometer for the measurements.
Uncertainty #6: Photometer Alignment to optical axis (Y-Z center): This is the positioning of
the center of the photometer input aperture on to the X-axis. A small displacement in the Y-Z
plane at 3.2 m from the lamp causes a negligible change in the measured signal.
Uncertainty #7: Photometer Alignment to optical axis (Y-Z angular): This is the angle of the
photometer input aperture with respect to the X-axis. It is determined by the reflection of the
laser beam back upon itself. At perhaps 1 or 2 mm in 3.2m, it causes a negligible uncertainty.
4.3.2.4 Participant Lamps - Electrical
Uncertainty #8: Standard Resistor Calibration: The relative uncertainty in the calibration of
the standard resistor used to determine the electrical current through the lamps is 0.6ppm. If
we use a factor of 7 for the effect on the lamp output, we have an uncertainty of 4.2 ppm, or
0.0000042.
Uncertainty #9: DVM voltage calibration (lamp current): The DVM used to measure the
voltage across the standard resistor for determining the lamp current was verified to 0.001%,
or 0.00001. If we use a factor of 7 for the effect on the lamp output, we have an uncertainty
of 0.00007.
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Uncertainty #10: Lamp current setting: Since we measured the lamp currents for each lamp
(see Section 4.3.1), we can compare the difference between the measured value and the NMI
set value. The average difference was -0.00021% with scatter of 0.00068%. Instead of
correcting for the shift, a larger uncertainty may be calculated by combining the two
[Reference (8), equation (22)]:
𝑢2 = (0.0000021)2 + (0.0000068)2 => 𝑢 = 0.0000071
This is an uncertainty in current, so the commensurate uncertainty in lamp output is scaled by
a factor of 7 as we did for Uncertainties 8 and 9.
Uncertainty #11: Lamp current Fluctuations: Since we measured the lamp current 30 times at
each lighting, we can calculate the fractional standard deviation for each lighting, and then
calculate an average value for all the lamps and lightings. This gave a result of 0.0000088.
This is an uncertainty in current, so the commensurate uncertainty in lamp output will be
scaled by a factor of 7 as we did for Uncertainties 8 and 9.
4.3.2.5 Participant Lamps - Optical
Uncertainty #12: Vertical Filament Plane (Z-axis): This is the uncertainty in luminous
intensity caused by the uncertainty in aligning the filament plane parallel to the Z-axis for a
rotation about the Y-axis. For the case of lamps with center filament support where only one-
half of the filament is visible, estimate an uncertainty of 0.2 mm in the 8 mm visible. Using
the equations from Section 4.3.2.1, we obtain the estimated uncertainty of 0.000140.
Uncertainty #13: Vertical Filament Plane (Y-axis): This is the uncertainty in luminous
intensity caused by the uncertainty in aligning the filament plane parallel to the Y-axis for a
rotation about the Z-axis. Estimate an uncertainty of 0.2 mm in the 16 mm of the filament
plane. Using the equations from Section 4.3.2.1, we obtain the estimated uncertainty of
0.000035.
Uncertainty #14: Lamp to Photometer Distance: This is the uncertainty in luminous intensity
caused by the uncertainty in setting the lamp filament plane to the telescope crosshair focus
point. Estimate 0.5 mm, which results in a relative standard uncertainty in luminous intensity
of:
0.5
𝑢 =2∗ = 0.0003
3200
4.3.2.6 Participant Lamps - Photometric
Uncertainty #15: Lamp Output Fluctuations: This was estimated from the average fractional
standard deviation in all the photometer measurements of all the lamps. It was different for
the two types of lamps (Osram and Polaron).
4.3.3 Transfer Lamp Reproducibility at Pilot
Most participant lamps were measured at the pilot only two times. The reproducibility of
each transfer lamp was estimated as the standard deviation of the mean of all the (m)
measurements of the lamp at the pilot. While this value may contain effects of photometer
drift (Section 4.3.2.3 above), and is based on only a few (m) measurements, it gives
information concerning the scatter of the (m) pilot measurements about their mean value.
4.3.4 Pilot Measurement Data
The Pilot measurement data for each participant lamp is summarised in Appendix D. The
NMI Lamp Luminous Intensity values are taken from Appendix C (Section 4.2). The column
R(i,j) is the average photometer responsivity 𝑅𝑖,𝑗 (see Section 2.6.2) as determined from all
the (m) measurements of the lamp j of the participant i at the pilot laboratory. The Pilot
uncertainties uuncorr and ucorr are taken from Table Five above. The Pilot uncertainty uuncorr has
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been reduced by the factor 1⁄√𝑚 where m is the number of measurements of the lamp j. The
column uuncorr(lamp) is the transfer lamp reproducibility as described in Section 4.3.3 above.
These 5 uncertainty components (NMI uuncorr and ucorr, Pilot uuncorr and ucorr, and uuncorr(lamp))
are combined to give the uncorrelated and correlated uncertainties of 𝑢𝑅𝑖,𝑗 , the uncertainty of
𝑅𝑖,𝑗 , the combined “NMI+Pilot” quantity. At this point the uncertainties of the NMI and the
Pilot are not correlated, so the NMI total uncertainty is combined in quadrature with the Pilot
correlated uncertainty to give the final correlated component for the combination of the
measurements for each NMI. The uncorrelated component for this combination is the
combination of the Pilot uncorrelated uncertainty (Pilot uuncorr ) and the lamp uncorrelated
uncertainty (uuncorr(lamp)).
The calculations for the determination of the average value 𝑅𝑖 for each participant are also
presented in Appendix D. The average value is a weighted mean where the weights are
determined from the final ‘Participant + Pilot’ uncertainty 𝑢𝑅𝑖,𝑗 for each lamp given in the
‘combined uncertainty’ column uT (relative standard uncertainty) and subsequent uT(cd/V).
The uncertainty 𝑢𝑅𝑖 for this weighted mean 𝑅𝑖 is determined from the uncertainties of the
individual uncertainties (uncorrelated and correlated) of 𝑢𝑅𝑖,𝑗 using the formulas of equations
(1) to (5).
The calculation of the uncertainties of the comparison measurements made at the pilot
laboratory (transfer uncertainty of the comparison, Section 2.6.2), are also presented in
Appendix D. This was calculated for each participant as the difference uncertainty
2
𝑢𝑁𝑀𝐼_𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟 = 𝑢𝑅2 𝑖 − 𝑢𝑁𝑀𝐼
2

as described in Section 5 of Appendix B of the CCPR Guidelines [6].


4.4. Calculation of the KCRV and the DOE
4.4.1 Calculation of the KCRV
The calculations for determining the KCRV are summarised in Appendix E. The calculations
for the KCRV do not include the results of the two NMIs, NMISA and LNE-CNAM, as
discussed above in Sections 2.6.2, 3.8.2, 3.8.3 and 3.9.1
The column R(i) is the average 𝑅𝑖 from Appendix D as described above in Sections 4.3.3 and
4.3.4.
The column u(NMI) is the uncertainty of the NMI luminous intensity ‘scale’ from Appendix
C, as described above in Section 4.2.3.
The median NMI (10 NMIs) relative standard uncertainty is 0.002339, with the cutoff
relative standard uncertainty value of 0.001722. As seen in the column uc(NMI), the NMI
uncertainties with cutoff applied, this cutoff value is applied to four NMIs: NIM, PTB,
NMIA, and NPL.
The column ‘Pilot Transfer u(t)’ is the transfer uncertainty of the comparison for each NMI
2
as described above in Section 4.3.4 (𝑢𝑁𝑀𝐼_𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑛𝑠𝑓𝑒𝑟 ) and calculated in Appendix D.
The uncertainty of 𝑅𝑖 for each NMI, after cutoff, is the combination of three uncertainties:
the uc(NMI), the Pilot transfer u(t), and the Mandel-Paule adjustment uncertainty s. The final
uncertainty values are given in the two columns ‘Uncertainty u(c,t,s)’, one column giving the
relative standard values and the second the values in cd/V for determining the weights. The
resulting weights 𝑤𝑖 for each NMI for calculating the weighted KCRV are given in the two
columns ‘KCRV weights wi’.

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The Mandel-Paule relative standard adjustment uncertainty s=0.0003100 is applied in order


2 2
to reduce the 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 value to the 𝜒0.05 (𝜈 = 09) ≈ 16.919, as discussed above in Section 3.8.2.
This Draft A v2.1 value is reduced from the previous draft values of s=0.0006163 (Draft A
v1.0) and s=0.0003400 (Draft A v2.0). All values are quite small. The calculations for the
2
Chi-square 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 consistency test are given in the column ‘Chi-square’.
The resulting ‘weighted mean with cutoff’ KCRV is 86.2558 cd/V— the responsivity of the
pilot photometer as determined by the measurement of a virtual KCRV Luminous Intensity
lamp measured under the same conditions as the NMI lamps (Section 2.6.2). The Draft A
v1.0 value of the KCRV was 86.2596 cd/V, and the Draft A v2.0 values of the KCRV was
86.2543 cd/V.
The uncertainty of this KCRV, ‘u(KCRV)’, is calculated from the data given in the three
columns ‘KCRV uncertainty calculation’.
𝑢2 (𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉) = ∑ 𝑤𝑖2 ∙ 𝑢2 (𝑅𝑖 )
𝑖
where 𝑢(𝑅𝑖 ) is the combination of the u(NMI), without cutoff, and the ‘Pilot Transfer u(t)’
uncertainties. This is the uncorrelated uncertainty combination as shown in Equation (3). The
value is 0.0588 cd/V, which gives a fractional standard deviation for the KCRV of 0.068%.
The calculations for the ‘Outlier Test’ (Section 3.8.1) are also given in Appendix E.
2
The calculations for the Chi-square 𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 consistency test are given in the column ‘Chi-
square’.
2
(𝑅𝑖 − 𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉)2
𝜒𝑜𝑏𝑠 =∑
𝑢𝑖2 (𝑐, 𝑡, 𝑠)
𝑖
4.4.2 Calculation of the Unilateral DOE
The calculations for the Unilateral Degree of Equivalence (𝐷𝑖 ) for each NMI are also given
in Appendix E.
𝑅𝑖 − 𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉
𝐷𝑖 =
𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉
with uncertainty values (k=1)
𝑢𝑖2 = 𝑢𝑅2 𝑖 + 𝑢𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉
2
− 2 ∙ (𝑤𝑖 ∙ 𝑢𝑅2𝑖 ),

as given in equation (22) of the CCPR Guidelines (reference [6], Appendix B).
The results are plotted in Figure Two.

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Figure Two
CCPR-K3.2014 Luminous Intensity Unilateral Degrees of Equivalence
Uncertainties are k=1 values.

4.4.3 Calculation of the Bilateral DOE


The calculations for the Bilateral Degrees of equivalence 𝐷𝑖,𝑗 between NMI i and NMI j are
given in Appendix F.
𝑅𝑖 − 𝑅𝑗
𝐷𝑖,𝑗 = = 𝐷𝑖 − 𝐷𝑗
𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉
with uncertainty values (k=1)
2
𝑢𝑖,𝑗 = 𝑢𝑅2𝑖 + 𝑢𝑅2𝑗

4.4.4 Summary Comparison Values


To assist in the subsequent linkage of the results of this comparison to subsequent bilateral
and RMO comparisons, a summary of some of the calculation results of Sections 4.4.1 to
4.4.3 above is presented in Table Six. Note that for the purposes of Table Six, the
uncertainties for the Unilateral DOEs are given as expanded k=2 relative uncertainties. The
uncertainties associated with each participant’s measurements of each of their artifacts,
particularly the correlated and uncorrelated components, are described in Section 4.2 above,

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and detailed in Appendix C. As discussed in Sections 3.9 and 4.2 above, care should be used
in the determination of when (at which stage of data analysis and combination) uncertainty
components are considered correlated or uncorrelated.

Table Six
Summary of Comparison Values
KCRV relative standard (k=1) uncertainty u(KCRV) = 0.068%
Mandel-Paule relative standard (k=1) adjustment uncertainty s = 0.031%

U(DOE) Weighting Factor


NMI DOE
(k=2) 𝑤𝑖

NMIJ 0.0047 0.0051 0.0716


NIM 0.0002 0.0032 0.1560
PTB -0.0004 0.0030 0.1563
METAS -0.0006 0.0061 0.0516
NIST 0.0006 0.0043 0.0982
NMIA -0.0018 0.0029 0.1622
VNIIOFI -0.0073 0.0048 0.0803
IO-CSIC -0.0011 0.0061 0.0525
NPL 0.0034 0.0032 0.1578
NMISA -0.0093 0.0132 0.0000
NRC 0.0051 0.0123 0.0135

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5. Comparison with 1999 CCPR-K3.a Key Comparison of Luminous


Intensity
The results of the 1999 CCPR-K3.a key comparison, which also used incandescent lamps as
transfer standards, are available at reference [1]. The unilateral DOE results for the 11 NMIs
that participated in both the 1999 comparison and this comparison are presented in Table
Seven and compared in Figure Three. Uncertainties are relative standard (k=1). In Figure
Three, the abscissae of the two sets of data are offset slightly to enable easier comparison.
The two comparisons give results that are strikingly similar.

Table Seven
Comparison of CCPR-K3.a 1999 and CCPR-K3.2014 Luminous Intensity
Comparisons
CCPR-K3.a 1999 CCPR-K3.2014
NMI u(DOE) u(DOE)
DOE DOE
(k=1) (k=1)

NMIJ -0.0009 0.0028 0.0047 0.0026


NIM -0.0016 0.0024 0.0002 0.0016
PTB -0.0031 0.0020 -0.0004 0.0015
METAS -0.0050 0.0056 -0.0006 0.0031
NIST 0.0012 0.0024 0.0006 0.0021
NMIA -0.0007 0.0030 -0.0018 0.0015
VNIIOFI 0.0033 0.0046 -0.0073 0.0024
IO-CSIC -0.0048 0.0036 -0.0011 0.0030
NPL 0.0004 0.0015 0.0034 0.0016
NMISA 0.0051 0.0044 -0.0093 0.0066
NRC 0.0019 0.0053 0.0051 0.0061

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Figure Three
Comparison of CCPR-K3.a 1999 and CCPR-K3.2014
Uncertainties are relative standard (k=1)

The 1999 KCRV was determined from the results of 15 NMIs. The uncertainty of the KCRV
1999 2014
has changed slightly from 𝑢𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉 = 0.086% to 𝑢𝐾𝐶𝑅𝑉 = 0.068%. As can be seen from
Figure Three, this change is negligible compared to the DOE and the DOE uncertainties.
The relationships between the NMIs are also very similar for the two comparisons, with
perhaps only one NMI (VNIIOFI) showing a significant shift in its DOE compared to the
other NMIs. The second NMI (NMISA) with a significant shift does not have an independent
LI scale and was not used for the calculation of the KCRV for this 2014 comparison.
The changes in the DOE for each NMI between the two comparisons is within the (k=1)
uncertainties of the two comparisons, except for the two NMIs mentioned above (VNIIOFI
and NMISA).
𝑢2014
There has been a small change in the DOE uncertainty values 𝑢𝑖 .The ratios 𝑢𝑖1999 vary from
𝑖
approximately 0.5 to 1.5, with an average of 0.8.
The 1999 comparison measurements were made in 1997 [1] and these 2014 comparison
measurements were made in 2014. This comparison would suggest that there has not been a
significant change in the luminous intensity scales of many NMIs during these 17 years.
There could be several possible reasons for this observation:

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1. There have been no new independent realisations of luminous intensity since 1997.
2. The primary realization of luminous intensity requires the measurement of
luminous/optical power within specified geometrical conditions. Have we reached an
important limitation in our measurement ability for either of these measurement challenges?
3. The primary realization of luminous intensity indicated in (2) above must be
transferred to working standards and transfer standards. The CCPR comparisons used
incandescent lamps as these transfer standards. Are we limited by the characteristics of these
standards?
3.1 The second largest uncertainty at the pilot lab for the
measurement/comparison of all the lamps was the Lamp-to-Photometer distance at
0.03%, predominantly due to the issues of aligning a non-planar thick filament plane.
While this is an order of magnitude less than the typical DOE uncertainty, it is a
significant component in defining the geometrical measurement conditions.
3.2 The reproducibility/repeatability/ageing/portability of the transfer
standards. The average repeatability of the 62 lamps measured at the pilot was 0.09%,
with a standard deviation (of the dataset) of 0.08%. While this repeatability will
contain some of the realignment uncertainty (0.03%), and some of the photometer
responsivity drift, it is still an important uncertainty. (Note that for this comparison it
was difficult to completely separate the lamp repeatability and the photometer drift
uncertainties during the pilot measurements.)

6. Summary
The CCPR Key Comparison of Luminous Intensity using incandescent lamps as transfer
standards (CCPR-K3.2014) was carried out between the years of 2014 to 2020 with NRC
selected as the Pilot laboratory. The 12 participants (NMIs) were selected from/by the 3
RMO groups to participate and to be willing to serve as a link laboratory to other NMIs in
their RMO. The decision to use incandescent lamps rather than photometers as the transfer
standards was determined by the 8-member task group after discussions with the participants.
The comparison was organised as a star comparison with measurement sequence NMI-Pilot-
NMI, and transfer lamps supplied by each NMI. To facilitate the measurement of all lamps
from all participants under as identical conditions as possible, the measurements at the pilot
did not commence until all NMI travelling standard lamps had been received at the pilot
laboratory. All lamps were then measured sequentially using the same measurement set-up,
over a time period of approximately 2 months during 2014-November to 2015-January.
A total of 70 transfer standards (62 of Type Osram and 8 of Type Polaron) were received at
the pilot. Two lamps (Type Polaron, fixed to heavy sockets) were received at pilot broken in
shipment. One lamp (Type Polaron) failed during measurement at the pilot lab. Five lamps
(Type Osram) were removed from the comparison after re-measurements at the originating
NMI indicated changes in the lamps larger than could be explained by the uncertainties of
measurement. Three more lamps (2 Type Osram and one Type Polaron) were removed after
publication of the Draft A v1.0 report. These three lamps were part of the same shipment of
lamps that arrived at the pilot with two broken lamps and their withdrawal from the
comparison meant the withdrawal of all the LNE-CNAM lamps from the comparison.
Consequently a total of 59 lamps (55 of Type Osram and 4 of Type Polaron) were used to
produce the final results of the comparison.

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All participants supplied detailed reports of their measurements including uncertainty


statements. These uncertainty statements have been reviewed and commented upon by all
participants. Subsequent revisions and clarifications have been made, in accordance with the
CCPR G2 guidelines for the preparation of comparison reports.
The KCRV is to be determined from the transfer lamps of the NMIs that have an independent
realization of luminous intensity. One NMI (NMISA) did not have an independent scale, so
the values of their lamps were not used in the calculation of the KCRV, although calculations
of the Degree of Equivalence (DOE) were determined for all 11 (final) participants.
The KCRV was calculated as a weighted mean with ‘cut-off’. The weights were determined
based upon the NMI reported uncertainties adjusted by the ‘cut-off’, combined with the
transfer uncertainty of the comparison and the uncertainty caused by the estimated lamp
reproducibility observed during the measurements at the pilot lab. The cut-off value for the
NMI uncertainty is determined as the average of the uncertainty values of those participants
that reported uncertainties smaller than or equal to the median of all the participants.
The KCRV was then tested for statistical consistency with the measurement results using two
criteria: testing for statistical ‘outliers’, and testing for statistical indications of under-
estimated uncertainties using the Chi-Square (=0.05) test, as defined in the CCPR-G2
guidelines. There were no outliers, but the data failed the Chi-square test. Further analysis
indicated issues with the results of one participant, and it was agreed by all participants that
the data of this participant would not be included in the calculation of the KCRV, but that the
DOE would still be determined for all 11 (final) participants. The data for the remaining 10
participants still did not pass the Chi-square test and it was agreed by all participants that a
(small) Mandel-Paule adjustment uncertainty (s) be applied to the calculations of the KCRV
to enable the data to pass the Chi-Square (=0.05) test. This uncertainty (s=0.031%) was
comparable to the KCRV uncertainty u(KCRV)=0.068% and the average pilot transfer
uncertainty u(t)=0.046%, but small compared to the cut-off uncertainty of 0.17% or the
median NMI uncertainty of 0.23%.
The unilateral and bilateral DOE have been calculated for all 11 (final) participants. Of the
10 participants whose data were used to calculate the KCRV, 8 participants had unilateral
DOEs consistent with their DOE uncertainties at the k=2 level, one participant had DOE just
above the k=2 level, and one participant had DOE just above the k=3 level.
The results have not changed substantially since the last CCPR comparison 1999 CCPR-K3.a
Key Comparison of Luminous Intensity with Lamps as Transfer Standards piloted by PTB.
The submission, organisation and itemisation of uncertainty components, contributions and
correlations are an important part of key comparisons: for the evaluation of participant
results, the combination of all participant uncertainties into a final KCRV with its uncertainty
and participant DOEs, and the linkage of the key comparison results to subsequent RMO
comparisons. The submission of the uncertainty budgets by each participant must be
structured to enable the subsequent use of this information to all these purposes. This is
becoming no longer a simple uncertainty budget table. Each uncertainty component will be
combined with the other uncertainty components in different ways (correlated/uncorrelated)
at the different stages of the final comparison data analysis. For example, in this comparison
uncertainty components are combined in at least five stages: repeat measurements of each
lamp by each participant at round #1 measurements, then repeat measurements of each lamp
by each participant at round #2 measurements, then combination of the two round values into

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one final value for the lamp, then combination of all lamps from each participant into a final
participant representative value, and finally the combination with the measurements of each
lamp at the pilot to estimate a KCRV, DOEs and their uncertainties. The correlations
between uncertainty components will change for each stage. In addition, the determination of
the weighting methods (relative uncertainties, absolute uncertainties, or other) used for each
of these combinations needs to be considered.
The method for combining measurement values and their uncertainties will also depend upon
the purpose of the key comparison: to obtain a best worldwide determination of the value of
the candela unit, to determine current NMI measurement capability (best or calibration level),
or in some way to justify CMC claims.
The protocol developed for this key comparison did not anticipate the detail and
documentation required to address this amount of detail in uncertainty evaluations, which
was later noted by several participants during the pre-draft A and Draft A stages of the report
preparation. However, the protocol did identify the use of the CCPR G2 guideline that was
followed reasonably closely for this comparison.
Nevertheless, the several versions of the Draft A with several changes to the combination of
the uncertainties showed that the differences in the final KCRV and DOE values and their
uncertainties were very small between different methods of combining the measurement
values and uncertainties. This may indicate that a more important aspect indicated by this key
comparison is the absolute accuracy of the primary luminous intensity scales developed by
each participant and/or the suitability of present travelling transfer artefacts to evaluate the
relationships between the participants at the uncertainty levels presently attainable by the
participants in developing their luminous intensity values.
The pilot laboratory (NRC) would like to thank all the participants for their constructive
support and collaboration during the course of this comparison. The intercontinental,
international, shipment of fragile transfer standards requires considerable effort from all
participants. The subsequent evaluation of transfer standard data acceptability and
measurement analysis requires collaboration from all participants. The pilot is grateful that
all participants have readily participated during the many facets of the comparison.

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7. Acronyms
BIPM Bureau International des Poids et Mesures
CCPR Consultative Committee for Photometry and Radiometry
CCT Correlated Colour Temperature
CIPM Comité international des poids et measures
KC Key Comparison
KCDB Key Comparison Data Base
KCRV Key Comparison Reference Value
LIS Luminous Intensity Standard
NMI National Metrology Institute
RMO Regional Metrology Organization
TG Task Group for CCPR-K3.2014
WG-KC CCPR Working Group on Key Comparisons

8. References
[1] K3.a: Georg Sauter, Detlef Lindner, Matthias Lindemann, CCPR Key Comparisons K3a of
Luminous Intensity and K4 of Luminous Flux with Lamps as Transfer Standards, PTB
Bericht, PTB-Opt-62, 1999.
K3.b: R. Köhler, M. Stock, C. Garreau, Final Report on the International Comparison of
Luminous Responsivity CCPR-K3.b, Metrologia 41, 2004, Tech. Suppl., 02001.
Summary results are available at the BIPM Key Comparison Database (KCDB) at
www.bipm.org.
[2] Consultative Committee for Photometry and Radiometry (CCPR), Report of the 20th meeting
(17-18 September 2009) to the International Committee for Weights and Measures, Version
2: amended 13 April 2011, BIPM, Paris, file CCPR20.pdf available from www.bipm.org.
[3] CIPM MRA-D-05, Measurement Comparisons in the CIPM MRA, Version 1.3 October
2012, BIPM, Paris, file CIPM_MRA-D-05.pdf available from www.bipm.org.
[4] CCPR-G4, July 01, 2013 Guidelines for preparing CCPR Key Comparisons, CCPR WG-KC,
BIPM, Paris.
[5] Minutes of CCPR WG-KC meeting 9 July 2010, NPL, Teddington, UK, file
WGKC-10-Minutes.pdf, available from www.bipm.org.
[6] CCPR-G2 Rev.3, July 01, 2013 Guidelines for CCPR Comparison Report Preparation,
CCPR WG-KC, BIPM, Paris.
[7] JCGM 100:2008, Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (September 2008), Evaluation of
Measurement Data — Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM).
Available from http://www.bipm.org . See also JCGM 104:2009, Evaluation of measurement
Data — An introduction to the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement” and
related documents.
[8] CIE Publication 198:2011, Determination of Measurement Uncertainties in Photometry,
Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage, Vienna, Austria.
[9] CIE Publication 198-SP1.1:2011, Supplement 1: Modules and Examples for the
Determination of Measurement Uncertainties, Part 1: Modules for the Construction of
Measurement Equations, Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage, Vienna, Austria.

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9. Appendices

Appendix A NMI Reports


- Description of Measurement facility
- Record of Lamp Operating Time
- Measurement Uncertainty Budget
- Measurement Results, round#1 and #2
Appendix B Review of Uncertainty Budgets
- replies to general comments
- replies to questions to specific NMIs
- attachments
- VNIIOFI, NPL, NMIJ, NMISA
Appendix C Summary of Participant Lamp Luminous Intensity Values
Appendix D Summary of Pilot Measurements of Participant Lamps
Appendix E Calculation of the KCRV and the Unilateral DOE
Appendix F Calculation of the Bilateral DOE

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NMI Reports

- Description of Measurement Facility


- Record of Lamp Operating Time
- Measurement Uncertainty Budget
- Measurement Results, Round#1 and #2

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NMISA Report

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NMISA:
Model of evaluation:
See attached page for NMISA Uncertainty Budget Matrix (UBM).
𝐾𝐾𝑚𝑚 𝑑𝑑2 𝐹𝐹𝐼𝐼𝑐𝑐
𝐼𝐼 = 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆
where
I is the luminous intensity
Km is the luminous efficacy
d is the distance from the lamp filament to the photometer
F is the spectral mismatch factor
Ic is the current, determined for the gain of the amplifier and the voltage as measured
for the LMT photometer
S is the responsivity of the LMT photometer
A is the area of the LMT photometer
• Spectral mismatch: We corrected for spectral mismatch and therefore did not include it in
the model of evaluation.
• Lamp alignment: We allowed for 1° uncertainty in the alignment of the lamps, as you can see
in the model of evaluation.

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Certificate No
UNCERTAINTY BUDGET MATRIX (UBM)
Procedure No
Reference: Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, issued by BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML - ISO 1995 (ISBN 92-67-10188-9)

Metrologist
Type & Serial
Description: CCPR-K3 Luminous Intensity Intercomparison Range:
Number

Mathematical Model:

Input Quantity Estimated Estimated Standard Degrees


Probability Standard Sensitivity
Input k= Divisor Uncertainty Reliability of
Symbol (Source of Uncertainty) Uncertainty Distribution Uncertainty Coefficient Remarks
Quantity factor Contribution Freedom
(N, R, T, U)
(X i ) (x i ) Unit ▼ U(Xi) Ci Unit Ui (y) % v

▼ Standards and Reference Equipment (Uncorrelated) ▼ Unit


Std Photometer (LMT) 1.300000 % Normal k = 2 2.00 6.500E-01 1.000E+00 6.500E-01 100.00 infinite From certificate OR\SR-5082
Spatial uniformity 0.100000 % Rectangular √3 1.73 5.774E-02 1.000E+00 5.774E-02 95.00 200.00 Literature Type B
Distance uncertainty 0.018170 % Normal k = 2 2.00 9.085E-03 1.000E+00 9.085E-03 100.00 infinite Optical bench certificate DM\DIM-4016 type B
Lamp fluctuations during operation (lamp stability 0.003100 % Normal k = 1 1.00 3.100E-03 1.000E+00 3.100E-03 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometr
Lamp alignment 1.000000 deg Rectangular √3 1.73 5.774E-01 2.467E-01 %/deg 1.424E-01 100.00 infinite Empirical test PH-03, sens coef unit is %/deg type A
Electrical noise on photometer signal 0.000100 % Normal k = 1 1.00 1.000E-04 1.000E+00 1.000E-04 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometr
Lamp power setting (lamp current) 0.000450 % Normal k = 1 1.00 4.500E-04 1.000E+00 4.500E-04 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometr
Drift/ageing of lamps 0.063100 % Normal k = 1 1.00 6.310E-02 1.000E+00 6.310E-02 100.00 infinite Type A I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\Intercom
electrical - std resistor 0.007410 % Normal k = 2 2.00 3.705E-03 1.000E+00 3.705E-03 100.00 infinite Certificates, type B, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\I
electrical - voltmeters 0.001760 % Normal k = 2 2.00 8.800E-04 1.000E+00 8.800E-04 100.00 infinite Certificates, type B, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\I
Stray light 0.030000 % Normal k = 1 1.00 3.000E-02 1.000E+00 3.000E-02 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometr

Res Resolution of Standard / Equipment (If applicable) 100


▼ Standards and Reference Equipment (Correlated) ▼ NOTE! ONLY CHANGE BLUE CELLS - All OTHER CELLS (WHITE) ARE PROTECTED

▼ Unit Under Test / Calibration (Uncorrelated) ▼ NOTE! ONLY CHANGE BLUE CELLS - All OTHER CELLS (WHITE) ARE PROTECTED

Res Resolution of UUT (If applicable) 100


Type "B" Evaluation Range of the results (Rectangular) 100
Data
Type "A" Evaluation Exp Std Dev of the Mean (ESDM) 0.003 % Normal K = 1 1.00 3.300E-03 1.000E+00 3.300E-03 4 No of Readings 5
▼ Unit Under Test / Calibration (Correlated) ▼ NOTE! ONLY CHANGE BLUE CELLS - All OTHER CELLS (WHITE) ARE PROTECTED

About UBM TOTAL COMBINED UNCERTAINTY Unit


Combined Uncertainty (Normal) ▼ Level of Confidence ▼ 6.716E-01 Veff 3662867 Checked and Approved By:
Best Measurement Capability (Excluding UUT contribution)
Expanded Uncertainty 68,27 % K=1 6.72E-01 k= 1.00

Combined Uncertainty (Normal) ▼ Level of Confidence ▼ 6.716E-01 Veff infinite


Uncertainty of Measurement (Including UUT contribution)
Expanded Uncertainty 68,27 % K=1 6.72E-01 k= 1.00

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UBM V5.03 - CSIR-National Metrology Laboratory - dc Low Frequency (Designed by BvO) Final UB for CCPR-K3.a Uncertainty Budget Matrix
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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NIM Report

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Appendix A.3 Description of the measurement facility

Description of NIM measurement geometry

The optical configuration for luminous intensity measurement at NIM is shown


schematically in Figure One. Position unit in Figure One is mm.

Figure One
Schematic of NIM measurement configuration:
1 photometer; 2-6 baffles; 7 luminous intensity lamp; 8 radiation
trap.

The basic geometric conditions are as follows:


- The lamp is mounted base down.
- The optical axis is horizontal and passes through the center of the filament.
- The optical axis is perpendicular to the plane of the filament (Osram Wi41/G).
- Distance from the lamp is measured from the center of the filament.
- The photometric measurements accept only the light passing through the
rectangular opening in the black mask on the face of the Osram Wi41/G lamp.

The distance between the photometer input aperture and the lamp filament plane
on the NIM photometric bench is 3.2 m. The NIM photometer has an input aperture
diameter of approximately 9 mm. Thus the solid angle for the light emitted from the
lamp that is measured by the photometer is approximately 6 µsr.

In Figure One, 2-5 are baffles with rectangular aperture sizes of 50mm×50mm,
80mm×80mm, 150mm×150mm, and 200mm×200mm, respectively; 6 is a baffle
located 200mm before the lamp with a 50mm diameter circular aperture; a radiation
trap (8) made of a piece of black velvet cloth is mounted 2.0 m behind the luminous
intensity lamp (7) to ensure the reflectance to be less than 0.02%.

Description of NIM measurement procedures

All lamps were operated with DC power at the fixed polarity and fixed current.
The electrical operating parameters of the lamps were measured using the standard
four-terminal measurement to permit an accurate measurement of the lamp operating

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current and voltage. The voltage was measured at the lamp socket, rather than the
lamp base.
The lamp current was ramped up slowly over approximately one minute to the
specified value. The luminous intensity of the standard lamps was measured together
with the electrical values. After measurements, the lamp voltage was ramped down
slowly over approximately one minute.
After connecting the electrical power to the lamp, ten minutes warm-up
procedure for each lamp was followed.
The measurement is conducted on an 8 m photometric bench using a group of
eight BDQ8 luminous intensity lamps as reference to calibrate a group of six Wi41/G
lamps.
Lamp Wi41/G-152, Wi41/G-180, and Wi41/G-159 were calibrated on
26-01-2014 and 27-01-2014. All the six Wi41/G lamps were calibrated on 06-03-2014
and 11-03-2014. All the lamps and measurement facilities were reinstalled in each
measurement.

Make and type of NIM photometer

The measurement is conducted using an LMT full filter photometer, with the
following features:
- no temperature control is applied.
- the f 1 ’ is 1.2%.
- no diffuser is used.
- the diameter of the detector is about 9 mm.

A Keithley 6485 picometer is used for the measurement of the photocurrent.

NIM operating conditions of the lamps

NIM electrical conditions:


- DC electrical power.
- Defined fixed electrical current for each lamp operation.
- Defined electrical polarity at lamp contacts, the center is positive (+) and the
side base is negative (−).
- The defined electrical current has been determined by NIM to result in a CCT
between 2829 K and 2841K for the photometric output of the lamp. The actual CCT
value has been report in Appendix A.6 Measurement Results.
- The warm-up time for each lamp is ten minutes.

NIM optical coordinate system:


The optical axis for the measurements is the straight line between the center of
the photometer input aperture and the defined point on the reference plane defined by
the plane of the lamp filament. A regulator (Figure Two b) was used to align the
photometer input aperture and the lamp filament center position. The axis of the

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regulator coincides with the photometric bench axis. The coordinate axis system is
same as that illustrated in Figure One of the Luminous Intensity Technical Protocol.
The origin of the coordinate system is established in NIM using an alignment
telescope. The alignment telescope is positioned such that its optical axis is identical
to the optical axis of the center of the regulator and perpendicular to the indicator
board. The telescope mount and the center regulator mount are adjusted such that the
crosshair of the indicator board coincides with the crosshair of the telescope at any
position along the X direction.
The spatial position of the lamp is defined as “For Center Filament Support #2”
of the protocol. The alignment of the filament was at the room temperature.
A special carriage having five degrees of freedom in its physical adjustments was
used for lamp position adjustment.
The vertical direction of the lamp was adjusted using the shadow of the filament
(Figure Two a). A collimated light beam projects the lamp filament on an indicator
board with a mark of line (plumb line) which is perpendicular to the optical axis. The
lamp was rotated about the Z-axis until the width (in the X direction) of the shadow of
the filament is minimized.

(a) (b) (c)

Figure Two
Filament alignment.

Rotation about the Y-axis is adjusted until the shadow of the filament on the
indicator board is parallel to the plumb line.

A regulator (Figure Two b) is used for the filament plane and the photometer
input aperture center alignment. The regulator is an optical imaging system consists of
a lens and an indicator board and its optical axis coincides with the optical axis of the
photometric bench. The lamp was adjusted until the filament center coincides with the
crosshairs in the indicator board (Figure Two c), so that the optical axis of the
photometric bench passes through the center of lamp filament plane.

Description of NIM calibration laboratory conditions

During the measurement for this comparison the ambient temperature at NIM is
stabilized at 24.5℃ w ith fluctuations less than 1℃.T he hum idity is (35% -39%) RH.

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Laboratory transfer standards used at NIM

BDQ8 (see Figure Three for an example) luminous intensity lamps are used as
laboratory transfer standards with the following features:
- current is about 6.6000 A.
- voltage is about 97 V.
- luminous intensity is about 1230 cd.
- CCT is about 2835 K.
These lamps are made in China.

Figure Three
A BDQ8 luminous intensity lamp

Establishment or traceability route of primary scale including date of last


realisation and uncertainty budget.
The luminous intensity unit was realized by a group of seven electrically
calibrated radiometers of with conical cavity, precision aperture, V(λ) filter. BDQ 8
lamps with gas-filled tungsten filament, specially developed as the secondary standard,
maintaining the luminous intensity unit. The latest realization was done in 2013. The
standard uncertainty for the realization is 0.16%.

Uncertainty budget for realization of the unit of luminous intensity


Relative standard
Uncertainty component Type
uncertainty/ %
Measurement of the irradiance B 0.11
V(λ) filter spectral transmittance B 0.06
at 555nm
Spectral mismatch B 0.03
Distance measurement B 0.06
Homogeneity of the lamp group A 0.06
Current control of the lamp B 0.05
Combined standard uncertainty 0.16

Participant: National Institute of Metrology


NMI: NIM
Date: April 12,2014
Signature:

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time


Lamp number: Wi41/G -96(NIM-01)
Date Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator
ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage initials
time measurement) time (mins) (amperes) (volts)
06/03/2014 testing 12 5.7940 29.851 Jiang
11/03/2014 testing 12 29.841 Liu
17/08/2015 testing 12 29.829 Liu
18/08/2015 testing 24 29.826 Lv

Lamp number: Wi41/G -152(NIM-02)


Date Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator
ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage initials
time measurement) time (mins) (amperes) (volts)
26/01/2014 testing 12 5.8184 30.013 Liu
27/01/2014 testing 12 30.013 Jiang
06/03/2014 testing 12 30.013 Jiang
11/03/2014 testing 12 30.014 Liu
17/08/2015 testing 12 30.019 Liu
18/08/2015 testing 26 30.020 Lv

Lamp number: Wi41/G -164(NIM-03)


Date Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator
ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage initials
time measurement) time (mins) (amperes) (volts)
06/03/2014 testing 12 5.8072 29.781 Liu
11/03/2014 testing 12 29.780 Jiang
17/08/2015 testing 36 29.770 Liu
18/08/2015 testing 36 29.775 Lv

Lamp number: Wi41/G -180(NIM-04)


Date Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator
ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage initials
time measurement) time (mins) (amperes) (volts)
26/01/2014 testing 12 5.8044 29.955 Liu
27/01/2014 testing 12 29.955 Jiang
06/03/2014 testing 12 29.955 Jiang
11/03/2014 testing 12 29.949 Liu
17/08/2015 testing 12 29.944 Liu
18/08/2015 testing 24 29.950 Lv

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Lamp number: Wi41/G -189(NIM-05)


Date Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator
ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage initials
time measurement) time (mins) (amperes) (volts)
26/01/2014 testing 12 5.7797 29.731 Liu
27/01/2014 testing 12 29.732 Jiang
06/03/2014 testing 12 29.738 Jiang
11/03/2014 testing 12 29.719 Liu
17/08/2015 testing 12 29.711 Liu
18/08/2015 testing 36 29.711 Lv

Lamp number: Wi41/G -1071(NIM-06)


Date Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator
ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage initials
time measurement) time (mins) (amperes) (volts)
06/03/2014 testing 12 5.8379 30.103 Jiang
11/03/2014 testing 12 30.099 Liu
17/08/2015 testing 12 30.090 Liu
18/08/2015 testing 24 30.091 Lv

Participant: National Institute of Metrology

NMI: NIM

Date: Aug. 28 ,2015

Signature:

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Appendix A.5 Measurement Uncertainty Budget

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -96(NIM-01)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.047
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.007
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.049

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.17

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -96(NIM-01)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.018
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.077
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.002
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.080

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.19

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -152(NIM-02)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.062
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.001
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.063

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.18

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -152(NIM-02)


Measurement Round #2
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.024
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.077
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.001
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.081

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.19

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -164(NIM-03)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.006
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.002
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.012

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.17

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -164(NIM-03)


Measurement Round #2
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.036
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.056
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.001
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.068

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.18

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -180(NIM-04)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.039
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.002
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.040

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.17

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -180(NIM-04)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.018
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.057
alignment
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.001
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.061

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.18

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -189(NIM-05)


Measurement Round #1
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.046
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.001
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.047

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.17

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -189(NIM-05)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.024
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.040
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.001
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.048

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.17

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -1071(NIM-06)


Measurement Round #1
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp alignment B 0.065
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.001
alignment)
Electrical parameters:
-lamp current supply fluctuations B 0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.066

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.18

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -1071(NIM-06)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Parameter Uncertainty Type Standard Uncertainty
(A or B) in luminous intensity
(%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference standard B 0.16
Electrical
-standard resistor and voltmeter B 0.03
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.01
- linearity B 0.02
- distance B 0.03
Environment
- stray light B 0.01
RMS total systematic effects: 0.167

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.018
- lamp reproducibility(including lamp
A 0.081
alignment)
- lamp output fluctuations A 0.001
Electrical parameters:

-lamp current supply fluctuations B


0.006
Photometer noise B 0.01
RMS total random effects: 0.083

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.19

Participant: National Institute of Metrology

NMI: NIM

Date: Aug. 28 ,2015

Signature:

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Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -96(NIM-01)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
3 1 06/03/2014 5.7940 29.851 2837 253.23 0.049 0.167
4 1 11/03/2014 5.7940 29.841 2837 253.06

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -152(NIM-02)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
*
1 1 26/01/2014 5.8184 30.013 2829 263.75 0.063 0.167
*
2 1 27/01/2014 5.8184 30.013 2829 263.65
3 1 06/03/2014 5.8184 30.013* 2829 263.16
4 1 11/03/2014 5.8184 30.014 2829 263.76

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -164(NIM-03)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
3 06/03/2014 5.8072 29.781 2841 275.16 0.012 0.167
4 11/03/2014 5.8072 29.780 2841 275.14

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -180(NIM-04)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
1 1 26/01/2014 5.8044 29.955* 2839 265.18 0.040 0.167
*
2 1 27/01/2014 5.8044 29.955 2839 265.11
*
3 1 06/03/2014 5.8044 29.955 2839 264.99
4 1 11/03/2014 5.8044 29.949 2839 265.41

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -189(NIM-05)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
*
1 1 26/01/2014 5.7797 29.731 2840 269.63 0.047 0.167
*
2 1 27/01/2014 5.7797 29.732 2840 269.85
3 1 06/03/2014 5.7797 29.738* 2840 269.41
4 1 11/03/2014 5.7797 29.719 2840 269.39

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -1071(NIM-06)


Measurement Round #1:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
3 1 06/03/2014 5.8379 30.103 2839 271.40 0.066 0.167
4 1 11/03/2014 5.8379 30.099 2839 271.15

Specification:
The warm up time for each lamp is ten minutes.
The centre of the lamp is positive, the screw is negative.
The lamp socket has been changed since March 11th. We found that the electrical
connection characteristics of the old socket is not good, the characteristics of the
new one has been improved. In order to avoid increasing the lamp burning time, we don’t
measure too much. The measurement results of voltage in March 11th should be the lamp
voltage.
*Measurement with old lamp socket.

Participant: National Institute of Metrology

NMI: NIM

Date: Aug. 28 ,2015

Signature:

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Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -96(NIM-01)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
1 1 17/08/2015 5.7940 29.829 2837 252.77 0.080 0.167
2 2 18/08/2015 29.826 2837 252.55

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -152(NIM-02)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
1 1 17/08/2015 5.8184 30.019 2829 264.06 0.081 0.167
2 3 18/08/2015 30.020 2829 263.79

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -164(NIM-03)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
1 3 17/08/2015 5.8072 29.770 2841 275.61 0.068 0.167
2 3 18/08/2015 29.775 2841 275.59

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -180(NIM-04)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
1 1 17/08/2015 5.8044 29.944 2839 265.43 0.061 0.167
2 2 18/08/2015 29.950 2839 265.81

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Lamp Number: Wi41/G -189(NIM-05)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
1 1 17/08/2015 5.7797 29.711 2840 269.41 0.048 0.167
2 3 18/08/2015 29.711 2840 269.42

Lamp Number: Wi41/G -1071(NIM-06)


Measurement Round #2:
Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Correlated Luminous Standard Uncertainty
Set Number measurements Current Voltage Colour Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set Temperature (%)
(A) (V) (K) (cd) Random Systematic
1 1 17/08/2015 5.8379 30.090 2839 271.43 0.083 0.167
2 2 18/08/2015 30.091 2839 271.54

Specification:
The warm up time for each lamp is ten minutes.
The centre of the lamp is positive, the screw is negative.

Participant: National Institute of Metrology

NMI: NIM

Date: Aug. 28, 2015

Signature:

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NMIA Report

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NMIJ Report

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TO: Dr. Arnold A. Gaertner


Measurement Science and Standards
Building M-36, Room 115
National Research Council of Canada
1200 Montreal Road
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0R6

FAX: 613-952-1394
Email: Arnold.Gaertner@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca

FROM: Kenichi Kinoshita


Photometry and Radiometry Research Group,
Research Institute for Physical Measurement,
National Metrology Institute of Japan,
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology,
Central 3-1, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563 Japan
TEL: +81 29 861 4082
FAX: +81 29 861 4860
E-Mail: kenichi.kinoshita@aist.go.jp

CCPR-K3.2014 Luminous Intensity


Final measurement results

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Appendix A.3 Description of the measurement facility

Description of measurement geometry:

In the calibration process at NMIJ, luminous intensity of a lamp is calibrated by a comparison with
a group of luminous intensity standard lamps. During measurement, a lamp and a photometer are
located on a photometric bench. A wall lying midway on the photometric bench separates the lamp
area and the measurement area. A hole on the wall allows the light from the lamp to go to the
measurement area where the photometer is placed. Baffles and a shutter are also placed between the
lamp and the photometer. The number of baffles is four. In the measurement of an Osram Wi41/G
lamp, a limiting aperture is used additionally to reduce stray light and to measure the light through
the rectangular mask of the lamp only. The measurement geometry is shown in Fig. 1.

The lamp alignment system consists of a lamp alignment stage and alignment apparatus such as a
laser and cameras. The lamp alignment stage is composed of six stages to adjust the lamp positions
along the X, Y, and Z axes and the rotation angles of θX, θY and θZ. The lamp alignment procedure is
described later.

The position of the photometer is determined so that the laser beam that coincides with the optical
axis comes to the center of the shielding tube of the photometer.

The sizes and the distances of the limiting aperture, the hole on the wall, the baffles, and the shutter
are shown in Fig. 1.

The distance between the center of the lamp filament and the entrance diffuser of the photometer
(reference plane) is 2.7 m. The diameter of the entrance diffuser of the photometer is 40 mm.
Therefore, the solid angle formed by the entrance diffuser of the photometer is about 1.7×10-4 rad.

Wall
with Baffles
Limiting Entrance
aperture hole Shutter diffuser
Shielding
Lamp tube

Photometer

Stages

0.0 0.50 1.08 1.24 1.50 1.77 2.01 2.39 2.60 2.70 Distance [m]
75 250 200 150 125 100 75 50 40 Diameter [mm]

Fig. 1. Measurement geometry at NMIJ.

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Description of measurement procedures:

Luminous intensity of a lamp is calibrated by a comparison with a group of luminous intensity


standard lamps. For CCPR-K3 comparison, six traveling lamps (DUT1, DUT2, ..., and DUT6) are
calibrated against two luminous intensity standard lamps (SA and SB) maintained at NMIJ*. In each
calibration, the measurement data was obtained in a time-symmetrical sequence (SA, SB, DUT1, ...,
DUT6, DUT6, ..., DUT1, SB, SA). In each measurement, each lamp is turned on once and the dark-
subtracted photometer signal is taken, which means each lamp is turned on and measured twice in
one calibration procedure. The first half of the measurement sequence (SA, SB, DUT1, ..., DUT6) is
called "Go" measurement, and the latter half (DUT6, ..., DUT1, SB, SA) is "Return" measurement,
respectively. The light from each lamp is detected with the photometer aligned on the photometric
bench. Output signals from the photometer are measured with a 8.5-digit digital multimeter and
collected by a computer. The average of the output signals for each lamp from two measurement
sequences "Go" and "Return" is used for the following calculation of luminous intensity.

The luminous intensity of a traveling lamp Ii (i=1 to 6) is determined as the average of two values
derived separately from the calculations based on the individual luminous intensity of the standard
lamps.
The value to be calculated from one standard lamp for a traveling lamp is the product of three
quantities, i.e., the luminous intensity of the standard lamp, the ratio of the output signal for the
traveling lamp to that for the standard lamp, and the color correction factor. Therefore, the luminous
intensity of the traveling lamp is obtained in the following equation.
1 V V 
I i =  k ai i I a + k bi i I b  , (1)
2  Va Vb 
where Ii is the luminous intensity of the i-th traveling lamp, Ia and Ib are the luminous intensity of the
standard lamps SA and SB, Vi, Va, and Vb are the output signals of the i-th traveling lamp, the standard
lamps SA and SB, and kai and kbi are the color correction factors between the i-th traveling lamp and
SA and SB, respectively. As mentioned above, the output signals used here are the averages of the
measurement sequences "Go" and "Return" for the respective lamps.

*) In this final measurement report, the data of the sixth lamp (No. 69) is excluded because of the
large discrepancy in luminous intensity between the first round measurement and the second
round measurement measured at NMIJ, which implies unexpected instability of this lamp.

Make and type of the photometer (or equivalent):

The photometer used for the calibration is manufactured by Kouno Kouki Sangyou KK, which has
closed down its business already. The photometer consists of an 100 mm diameter integrating sphere
with an entrance diffuser (matte opal glass) and three filtered Si photodiodes; B(blue), Y(yellow),
and R(red) detectors. Spectral responsivity of the Y detector is approximated to V(λ) whose V(λ)
mismatch index f1' is 2.11. The output signal from the Y detector is used for the calibration of
luminous intensity. Spectral responsivity of the B and R detector has the peak around 460 nm and
660 nm, respectively. They are used to check the distribution temperature of lamps to be measured.

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Operating conditions of the lamps:

The lamp filament is observed with two cameras. One camera is located along with the X axis (
optical axis) to see the rear view of the filament, and the other is located along with the Y axis to see
the side view. The coordinate system is taken to agree with the description in the protocol. Each
view has cross hairs pre-aligned to coincide with the origin of the coordinate system and the
coordinate axes. The lamp alignment is made in such a way that the filament position comes in
accordance with these cross hairs.

The alignment procedure for the Osram Wi41/G lamp is as follows.

The rotation about the Z axis (θZ) is adjusted so that the shape of the filament in the side view
becomes narrowest. Care must be taken when aligning the traveling lamps #58 and #69, because the
wires that compose the filament of both lamps are slightly uneven and not formed the single plane.
For these lamps, the angle about the Z axis (θZ) is adjusted so that the widths of the upper half and
lower half of the filament is balanced (see Fig. 2).

Fig. 2. Side views of the lamp #58(left) and #69(right).

The rotation about the X (θX) axis is adjusted so that the rectangular shape of the filament in the
rear view stands upright.

Then the rotation about the Y axis (θY) is adjusted so that the filament in the side view coincides
with the vertical axis. Care must also be taken when aligning the traveling lamps #58 and #69
because the shapes of the filaments seem slightly curved. For these lamps, the angle about the Y axis
is adjusted so that the line fitted to the shape of the filament coincides to the Y axis.

The height of the filament is adjusted so that the half height of the filament coincides with the
horizontal line of the cross hair that is in accordance with the origin of the coordinate system.

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The position of the filament along with the Y-axis is adjusted so that the origin of the coordinate
system comes to the center between the 6th and 7th wires of the filament. The wires are numbered as
shown in Fig. 3.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Fig. 3. Numbering filament wires.

The position of the filament along with the X-axis is adjusted so that the center of the filament
coincides with the origin of the coordinate system.

The filament is aligned at room temperature.

No special jig for alignment is used.

The size and position of the limiting aperture are described in Fig. 1.

For all the traveling lamps, electrical polarity is defined so that the negative pole is connected to the
center of the socket when electrical current is supplied. The measured lamp current and voltage for
each traveling lamp are as follows. The lamps are operated with the constant current mode.
#37 5.7563 A 29.0689 V
#40 5.7943 A 29.5493 V
#51 5.7362 A 29.2641 V
#52 5.7646 A 29.1673 V
#58 5.6101 A 29.9704 V
#69 5.6198 A 29.9225 V

When turning on a traveling lamp, electrical current is increased gradually from zero to the fixed
value in two minutes. After the lamp current reaches the fixed value, the warm-up time of 13
minutes is applied before measurement.

The distribution temperature of each lamp is as follows.


#37 2800 K
#40 2800 K
#51 2800 K
#52 2800 K
#58 2800 K
#69 2800 K

Description of calibration laboratory conditions: e.g. temperature, humidity etc.:

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A schematic diagram of the luminous intensity calibration facilities is shown in Fig. 4. A lamp
voltage is measured by a 8.5-digit digital multimeter. A lamp current is determined by measuring the
voltage between the terminal of the standard shunt resistor that has a calibrated resistance. An output
of a DC power supply for the lamp is regulated by a voltage/current source, whose output is
controlled by the software with feedback-control using signals from the multimeters to stabilize the
lamp voltage (constant voltage mode, for NMIJ standard lamps) or current (constant current mode,
for travelling lamps: Osram Wi41/G). An amplified output of the photometer is measured by another
8.5-digit digital multimeter.

During the calibration, laboratory conditions are controlled as follows.


Temperature 23.0 °C ± 2.0 °C
Humidity 50 % ± 20 %

Fig. 4. Schematic diagram of measurement instruments.

Laboratory transfer standards used:

The luminous intensity scale of NMIJ is maintained with four standard lamps. The type of the
standard lamps is Toshiba 55 V-330 W coil-M-type luminous intensity standard lamp. The
traceability diagram is shown in Fig. 5. Two lamps are used as the luminous intensity standard lamps
and another two are used as the luminous intensity working standard lamps according to Fig. 5. In
this comparison, the traveling lamps are directly calibrated with the luminous intensity standard
lamps.

The date of last realization of the NMIJ primary scale is Jan. 30th, 1998. The uncertainty budget is
shown in Table 1.

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Table 1: Uncertainty budget for the realization of luminous intensity at NMIJ.


Standard Uncertainty
Uncertainty Type
Source of uncertainty in luminous intensity
(A or B)
(%)
Spectral responsivity of the silicon photodiode B 0.05
measured with the cryogenic radiometer
Illuminance responsivity of the standard photometer B 0.20
with respect to the spectral responsivity of the silicon
photodiode
Measurement of the distance between the primary B 0.05
standard lamp and the transfer detector
Responsivity change of the transfer detector by room B 0.10
temperature fluctuation
Setting of the luminous intensity primary standard B 0.10
lamp
Aperture area B 0.015

Total standard uncertainty 0.255

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Fig.5. Traceability diagram

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Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 37

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Feb. 13:13: measurement 13:27: 0.222 5.7563 29.0706 K.K
2nd 38 00 8
2014
Feb. 23:25: measurement 23:38: 0.222 5.7563 29.0692 K.K
2nd 16 37 2
2014
Feb. 11:22: measurement 11:36: 0.221 5.7563 29.0697 K.K
8th 58 14 1
2014
Feb. 19:28: measurement 19:42: 0.220 5.7563 29.0689 K.K
8th 53 07 3
2014
Mar. 11:31: measurement 11:44: 0.221 5.7563 29.0644 K.K
21st 17 35 4
2015
Mar. 22:44: measurement 22:58: 0.220 5.7563 29.0621 K.K
21st 55 10 8
2015
Mar. 9:42:0 measurement 9:55:1 0.219 5.7563 29.0638 K.K
27nd 7 6 4
2015
Mar. 16:24: measurement 16:37: 0.219 5.7563 29.0612 K.K
27nd 27 36 2
2015

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 40

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Feb. 14:27: measurement 14:40: 0.222 5.7943 29.5502 K.K
2nd 20 41 5
2014
Feb. 22:49: measurement 23:02: 0.221 5.7943 29.5505 K.K
2nd 30 46 4
2014
Feb. 11:55: measurement 12:09: 0.222 5.7943 29.5496 K.K
8th 55 16 2
2014
Feb. 19:00: measurement 19:14: 0.222 5.7943 29.5493 K.K
8th 47 08 5
2014
Mar. 12:01: measurement 12:14: 0.221 5.7943 29.5431 K.K
21st 05 21 4
2015
Mar. 22:16: measurement 22:29: 0.220 5.7943 29.5438 K.K
21st 42 56 3
2015
Mar. 10:09: measurement 10:22: 0.219 5.7943 29.5436 K.K
27nd 36 45 2
2015
Mar. 15:58: measurement 16:11: 0.218 5.7943 29.5419 K.K
27nd 33 40 9
2015

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 70 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 51

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Feb. 15:14: measurement 15:27: 0.221 5.7362 29.2654 K.K
2nd 04 23 7
2014
Feb. 22:19: measurement 22:33: 0.221 5.7362 29.2646 K.K
2nd 45 02 4
2014
Feb. 12:31: measurement 12:45: 0.221 5.7362 29.2659 K.K
8th 51 09 4
2014
Feb. 18:30: measurement 18:44: 0.221 5.7362 29.2641 K.K
8th 51 08 4
2014
Mar. 12:33: measurement 12:46: 0.221 5.7362 29.2613 K.K
21st 18 34 4
2015
Mar. 17:13: measurement 17:26: 0.221 5.7362 29.2615 K.K
21st 33 49 1
2015
Mar. 10:36: measurement 10:49: 0.218 5.7362 29.2617 K.K
27nd 01 08 9
2015
Mar. 15:32: measurement 15:45: 0.219 5.7362 29.2600 K.K
27nd 36 47 7
2015

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 71 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 52

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Feb. 16:34: measurement 16:47: 0.222 5.7646 29.1680 K.K
2nd 32 54 5
2014
Feb. 21:40: measurement 21:53: 0.221 5.7646 29.1676 K.K
2nd 23 41 7
2014
Feb. 13:09: measurement 13:22: 0.221 5.7646 29.1659 K.K
8th 22 39 4
2014
Feb. 18:00: measurement 18:13: 0.220 5.7646 29.1673 K.K
8th 15 30 8
2014
Mar. 13:05: measurement 13:18: 0.221 5.7646 29.1598 K.K
21st 08 26 4
2015
Mar. 16:40: measurement 16:54: 0.220 5.7646 29.1602 K.K
21st 58 13 6
2015
Mar. 11:04: measurement 11:17: 0.219 5.7646 29.1595 K.K
27nd 13 24 4
2015
Mar. 15:07: measurement 15:20: 0.220 5.7646 29.1612 K.K
27nd 22 35 3
2015

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 72 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 58

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Feb. 17:25: measurement 17:39: 0.221 5.6101 29.9692 K.K
2nd 50 06 1
2014
Feb. 21:02: measurement 21:15: 0.221 5.6101 29.9689 K.K
2nd 38 55 1
2014
Feb. 15:15: measurement 15:28: 0.221 5.6101 29.9699 K.K
8th 35 51 1
2014
Feb. 17:17: measurement 17:30: 0.221 5.6101 29.9704 K.K
8th 16 32 4
2014
Mar. 13:37: measurement 13:50: 0.221 5.6101 29.9651 K.K
21st 09 25 4
2015
Mar. 16:05: measurement 16:18: 0.220 5.6101 29.9652 K.K
21st 08 23 8
2015
Mar. 11:34: measurement 11:47: 0.220 5.6101 29.9643 K.K
27nd 30 43 0
2015
Mar. 14:37: measurement 14:50: 0.220 5.6101 29.9633 K.K
27nd 19 31 3
2015

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 73 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 69

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test, alignment, OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Feb. 18:05: measurement 18:18: 0.221 5.6198 29.9220 K.K
2nd 18 35 7
Feb 20:16: measurement 20:29: 0.221 5.6198 29.9204 K.K
2nd 21 40 9
Feb. 15:52: measurement 16:05: 0.220 5.6198 29.9202 K.K
8th 21 37 8
Feb 16:48: measurement 17:01: 0.221 5.6198 29.9225 K.K
8th 29 44 1
Mar. 14:13: measurement 14:26: 0.221 5.6198 29.9150 K.K
21st 10 27 4
2015
Mar. 15:33: measurement 15:46: 0.220 5.6198 29.9165 K.K
21st 20 35 8
2015
Mar. 11:59: measurement 12:12: 0.219 5.6198 29.9152 K.K
27nd 47 56 4
2015
Mar. 12:26: measurement 12:40: 0.218 5.6198 29.9166 K.K
27nd 52 00 9
2015

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Jul. 1, 2016

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 74 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.5 Sample Measurement Uncertainty Budget

Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty


Measurement Parameter Type in luminous intensity
(A or B) (%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of working standards
- Spectral responsivity of the silicon B 0.05
photodiode measured with the cryogenic
radiometer
- Illuminance responsivity of the standard B 0.20
photometer with respect to the spectral
responsivity of the silicon photodiode
- Measurement of the distance between the B 0.05
primary standard lamp and the transfer
detector
- Responsivity change of the transfer detector B 0.10
by room temperature fluctuation
- Setting of the luminous intensity primary B 0.10
standard lamp
- Aperture area B 0.015
Electrical
- standard resistor negligible
- digital multimter B 0.01
Photometer
- spectral mismatch negligible
- linearity negligible
- distance B 0.02
Environment
- stray light negligible
- temperature / humidity ? included in (*)

RMS total systematic effects: 0.256

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.11
- lamp alignment (*) B 0.06
- lamp reproducibility included in (*)
- lamp output fluctuations B 0.02
Electrical parameters:
- power supply fluctuations included in (*)
Photometer noise included in (*)
(Measurement Set standard deviation of mean)

RMS total random effects: 0.127

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.29

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 75 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 76 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Dear Dr. Gaertner,

The following equations are the physical model of uncertainty of luminous intensity at NMIJ.
λ2
K (d + ∆d1 ) V0
I1 = m 1
2
∫λ Φ
1
e ,λ (λ ) V (λ ) dλ
(1 + ct ) (1 + c1 ) (1)
λ
A G
∫λ Φ (λ ) s e (λ ) dλ
2

e ,λ
1

V2 (d 2 + ∆d 2 )
2

I 2 = I1 k c 2
(1 + ci ) (1 + ca ) (1 + c2 ) (1 + c3 ) (2)
V1 d2
Equation (1) is the model to determine the luminous intensity of the standard lamp. Equation (2) is the
model to transfer luminous intensity from the standard lamp to the transfer lamp. The meanings of each
variable are listed below.

I1 : Luminous intensity of a standard lamp.

K m : Maximum luminous efficiency constant. No uncertainty.

d1 : Distance between the standard lamp and the standard photometer. Constant. No uncertainty.

∆d1 : Deviation of distance setting.

A : Aperture area of the standard photometer.


V0 : Voltage measured by the multimeter. Uncertainty negligible.

G : Conversion ratio of the current-voltage converter. Uncertainty negligible.

Φ e , λ (λ ) : Relative spectral distribution of the standard lamp. Uncertainty to luminous intensity

negligible.
V (λ ) : Luminous efficiency function. No uncertainty.

se (λ ) : Spectral responsivity of the standard photometer. Uncertainty of this factor consists of two parts
in the budget. One is "Spectral responsivity of the silicon photodiode measured with the cryogenic
radiometer", and another is " Illuminance responsivity of the standard photometer with respect to the
spectral responsivity of the silicon photodiode".
ct : Deviation of the standard photometer responsivity by the room temperature.

c1 : Deviation of the luminous intensity measurement for the standard lamp set on and removed from the
lamp mount in many times. Accumulated data.

I 2 : Luminous intensity of the transfer lamp.

kc : Colour correction factor between the standard lamp and the transfer lamp. Uncertainty negligible.

V2 : Voltage output measured for the transfer lamp.

V1 : Voltage output measured for the standard lamp.

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 77 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
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d 2 : Distance between the lamp and the comparison photometer.

∆d 2 : Deviation of distance setting.

ci : Effect of the lamp current uncertainty.

ca : Deviation of luminous intensity through the period of recalibraion-limit burning time. We take this
effect into the uncertainty without correction. So it is listed in "Random effects" because we cannot predict
what value a lamp will take at each burning.

c 2 : Deviation of the luminous intensity measurement for the transfer lamp set on and removed from the
lamp mount in many times. Accumulated data.
c3 : Fluctuation of lamp signal.

The variables correspond to the uncertainty budget as follows.


Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty
Measurement Parameter Type in luminous intensity
(A or B) (%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of working standards
- Spectral responsivity of the silicon photodiode B 0.05
se ( λ )
measured with the cryogenic radiometer
- Illuminance responsivity of the standard B 0.20
se ( λ ) photometer with respect to the spectral responsivity
of the silicon photodiode
- Measurement of the distance between the primary B 0.05
∆d1
standard lamp and the transfer detector
- Responsivity change of the transfer detector by B 0.10
ct
room temperature fluctuation
- Setting of the luminous intensity primary B 0.10
c1
standard lamp
A - Aperture area B 0.015
Electrical
- standard resistor negligible
-digital multimeter B 0.01
ci
Photometer
- spectral mismatch negligible
- linearity negligible
- distance B 0.02
∆d 2
Environment
- stray light negligible
- temperature / humidity ? included in (*)

RMS total systematic effects: 0.256

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 78 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
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Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.11
ca
- lamp alignment (*) B 0.06
c2
- lamp reproducibility included in (*)
- lamp output fluctuations B 0.02
c3
Electrical parameters:
- power supply fluctuations included in (*)
Photometer noise included in (*)
(Measurement Set standard deviation of mean)

RMS total random effects: 0.127

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.29

The effect of baffles is regarded as negligibly small. We expect that that effect can be as small as 0.007 %,
which is negligible in the NMIJ's uncertainty budget.

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 79 of 181


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Final Report

Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: 37

Measurement Round #1:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Feb. 2nd, 5.7563 29.069 242.14 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/11: A 2V
02am
2 2 Feb. 8th, 5.7563 29.068 242.15 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/9:5 A 9V
7am

Measurement Round #2:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Mar. 5.7563 29.064 242.20 cd 0.127 0.256
21st, A V
2015/11:
31am
2 2 Mar. 5.7563 29.064 242.11 cd 0.127 0.256
27nd, A V
2015/9:4
2am

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 80 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: 40

Measurement Round #1:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Feb. 2nd, 5.7943 29.550 250.55 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/11: A 5V
02am
2 2 Feb. 8th, 5.7943 29.549 250.46 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/9:5 A 3V
7am

Measurement Round #2:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Mar. 5.7943 29.543 250.34 cd 0.127 0.256
21st, A V
2015/11:
31am
2 2 Mar. 5.7943 29.544 250.23 cd 0.127 0.256
27nd, A V
2015/9:4
2am

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 81 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: 51

Measurement Round #1:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Feb. 2nd, 5.7362 29.264 240.91 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/11: A 6V
02am
2 2 Feb. 8th, 5.7362 29.264 240.79 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/9:5 A 1V
7am

Measurement Round #2:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Mar. 5.7362 29.261 240.54 cd 0.127 0.256
21st, A V
2015/11:
31am
2 2 Mar. 5.7362 29.262 240.59 cd 0.127 0.256
27nd, A V
2015/9:4
2am

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 82 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: 52

Measurement Round #1:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Feb. 2nd, 5.7646 29.167 241.51 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/11: A 6V
02am
2 2 Feb. 8th, 5.7646 29.167 241.49 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/9:5 A 3V
7am

Measurement Round #2:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Mar. 5.7646 29.160 241.48 cd 0.127 0.256
21st, A V
2015/11:
31am
2 2 Mar. 5.7646 29.159 241.50 cd 0.127 0.256
27nd, A V
2015/9:4
2am

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 83 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: 58

Measurement Round #1:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Feb. 2nd, 5.6101 29.968 244.27 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/11: A 9V
02am
2 2 Feb. 8th, 5.6101 29.970 244.29 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/9:5 A 4V
7am

Measurement Round #2:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Mar. 5.6101 29.965 244.50 cd 0.127 0.256
21st, A V
2015/11:
31am
2 2 Mar. 5.6101 29.964 244.51 cd 0.127 0.256
27nd, A V
2015/9:4
2am

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Aug. 7, 2015

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 84 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: 69

Measurement Round #1:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Feb. 2nd, 5.6198 29.920 243.26 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/11: A 4V
02am
2 2 Feb. 8th, 5.6198 29.922 243.09 cd 0.127 0.256
2014/9:5 A 5V
7am

Measurement Round #2:

Standard Uncertainty
Number of in Luminous Intensity
Measurement Lamp Lamp Luminous
measurements Date/time (%)
Set Number current voltage Intensity
per set
Random Systematic
1 2 Mar. 5.6198 29.915 244.14 cd 0.127 0.256
21st, A V
2015/11:
31am
2 2 Mar. 5.6198 29.915 244.74 cd 0.127 0.256
27nd, A V
2015/9:4
2am

Participant: Kenichi Kinoshita


NMI: National Metrology Institute of Japan
Date: Jul. 1, 2016

Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 85 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

IO-CSIC Report

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 86 of 181


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report

CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014


Luminous Intensity

MEASUREMENT REPORT. ROUND #1

INSTITUTO DE ÓPTICA - CSIC


MADRID-SPAIN

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 87 of 181


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1.- Introduction

This report describes the procedure followed at IO-CSIC (covering first round of
measurements) to determine the luminous intensity of six lamps: four OSRAM Wi 41/G
identified as: Wi95A,Wi95B,Wi95C and Wi95D; and two NPL/GEC lamps (now called
NPL/Polaron Heavy Current LIS incandescent lamps) identified as: A-454 and A-456.

2.- Measurement specifications

NPL/GEC lamps (now called NPL/Polaron Heavy Current LIS). 2 lamps

• Colour temperature: 2840 K ± 20 K (individual values are reported below)


• Electrical supply: Direct current, negative polarity at the central contact of the lamp
base; power input specified by the current through the lamp.
• Orientation: lamp base down with the vertical window (fitted with the mask) facing
the detector.
• Positioning: The rear surface of the front window is perpendicular to the optical axis,
defined by the centre of the detector and the centre of the filament.
• Lamp-detector distance: 3,6 m. From the detector to the center of the filament
• The detector accepts only light passing from the black mask placed over the lamp
(each lamp possess its own mask identified with the same number as the lamp)
• Warm-up time: 15 min

OSRAM lamps Wi41/G (4 lamps)

• Colour temperature: 2860 K ± 20 K (individual values are reported below)


• Electrical supply: Direct current, negative polarity at the central contact of the lamp
base (E27); power input specified by the current through the lamp.
• Orientation: lamp base down, blackened part of the bulb facing the detector.
• Positioning: Plane of the filament perpendicular to the (horizontal) optical axis
defined by the centre of the detector and the centre of the filament (Center Filament
Support #1).
• Lamp-detector distance: 3,6 m. From the detector to the plane of the lamp filament.
• The detector accepts only the light passing through the rectangular opening in the
black mask on the face of the lamp.
• Warm-up time: 15 min

3.- Calibration method and Procedure

The lamps have been calibrated in an optical bench, measuring the illuminance
with a V(λ) corrected detector. Two standard photometers have been used as
reference, which were calibrated for absolute responsivity against our cryogenic
radiometer; and for relative responsivity against the IO-CSIC spectral responsivity
scale.

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Two temperature-controlled, full-filtered V(λ)-corrected photometers, with


aperture mode input, have been used as standards to measure illuminance at the
reference plane. The IO-CSIC photometers have an input aperture diameter of
approximately 9 mm.

Full description of the method used for the realization of the candela is reported
in “Realization of the candela from a partial filtering V(λ) detector traceable to a
cryogenic radiometer” by J. Campos, A. Corróns, A. Pons and P. Corredera.
Metrologia. 1995, 32 and in “Luminous intensity standard based on a cryogenic
radiometer” CIE 119-1995-23rd Session. New Delhi. Volume 1, 102-105

4.- Experimental set-up

A laser beam has been used to visualize the optical axis in order to simplify the
positioning and orientation of lamps and detector. A second laser beam, intercepting
the first one at an angle of 45º approximately, has been used to define the reference
plane for the measurement of illuminance, which is normal to the optical axis at the
point where both laser beams crossed. Photometers were placed at the reference
plane at normal incidence by using high precision positioning equipment. Lamp
reference plane, as fixed in the measurement specifications, has been defined with a
third laser beam. Figure 1

Figure 1.- Schematic of IO-CSIC Measurement Configuration

The lamps have been aligned with a cold (room temperature) filament. Next table
shows individual values for electrical supply of each lamp and the measured Colour
Temperature.

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Lamp Current Lamp voltage/V Colour


Intensity/A Temperature/
K
A-454 25.500 12,25 2844
A-456 25.500 12,56 2840
Wi95a 5.836 30,81 2869
Wi95b 5.836 31,08 2868
Wi95c 5.832 30,79 2862
Wi95d 5.836 30,59 2868

Record of lamps operating time is shown in appendix A.4

5.- Measurement Results

Appendix A. 6 shows the results obtained.

6.- UNCERTAINTY

Actual model of evaluation used is as expressed in equation (1)

m.mT − m I
 c jV j 
m
 TR 
.(d + ∆d p + ∆d L ) .(1 − cstray − ε + hϕ + fυ ) )
cV  
I= v   2
(1)
J R 
Sv  TA   R j 

Quantities:

• I output quantity. Luminous Intensity


• cv calibration factor of picoammeter. Certified value
• V mean value, averaged from the number of readings, of the photocurrent
• Sv luminous responsivity of photometer. Certified value
• TR measured colour temperature of the lamp. Certified value
• TA constant nominal value of colour temperature = 2856 K no uncertainty
• cj calibration factor of the DVM to control voltage across shunt resistance
• Vj mean value voltage (lamp current), averaged from 10 readings
• JR constant lamp current, no uncertainty
• Rj shunt resitance. Certified value
• m mismatch index, determined previously
• mI exponent for changes of lamp current affecting luminous intensity
• mT exponent for changes of lamp current affecting CCT
• d distance lamp-photometer
• ∆dp alignment of photometer head for distance
• ∆dL alignment of filament for distance
• cstray relative correction for straylight, estimated previously
• ε angular misalignment of photometer
• hϕ angular (horizontal) misalignment of lamp
• fν angular (vertical) misalignment of lamp

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 90 of 181


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Effects of resolution of the DVM or picoammeter are negligible. Uncertainty contribution


of every component is stated at appendix A.5

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: Wi95A

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
16/01/2014 11 h 45 Measure 12 h 0,58 5,836 30,81 A.P.
min 20 min
16/01/2014 16h 20 Measure 17 h 0,75 5,836 30,80 A.P.
min 05 min
17/01/2014 9 h 15 Measure 10 h 0,83 5,836 30,81 A.P.
min 05 min
06/02/2014 10h Spectral 11h 05 0,75 5,836 30,81 A.P.
20min distribution min
measurement
(CCT deter-
mination)

Lamp number: Wi95B

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
16/01/2014 9h Measure 9 h 35 0,58 5,836 31,08 A.P.
min
17/01/2014 11 h 20 Measure 11h 50 0,50 5,836 31,08 A.P.
min min
18/01/2014 13 h 30 Measure 14 h 0,50 5,836 31,09 A.P.
m
06/02/2014 11h Spectral 12h 0,67 5,836 31,08 A.P.
20min distribution
measurement
(CCT deter-
mination)

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: Wi95C

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
16/01/2014 9 h 50 Measure 10 h 0,58 5,832 30,79 A.P.
min 25 min
17/01/2014 12 h 05 Measure 12 h 0,58 5,832 30,79 A.P.
min 40 min
17/01/2014 14 h 15 Measure 14 h 0,50 5,832 30,79 A.P.
min 45 min
06/02/2014 12 h 30 Spectral 12 h 0,42 5,832 30,79 A.P.
min distribution 55 min
measurement
(CCT deter-
mination)

Lamp number: Wi95D

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
16/01/2014 15 h 30 Measure 16 h 0,67 5,836 30,59 A.P.
min 10 min
17/01/2014 10 h 20 Measure 10h 55 0,58 5,836 30,59 A.P.
min min
17/01/2014 12 h 45 Measure 13 h 0,50 5,836 30,58 A.P.
min 15 min
06/02/2014 13 h 05 Spectral 13 h 0,42 5,836 30,58 A.P.
min distribution 30 min
measurement
(CCT deter-
mination)

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: A454

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
21/01/2014 12 h 40 Measure 13 h 0,53 25,500 12,24 A.P.
min 12 min
22/01/2014 9 h 50 Measure 10h 30 0,67 25,500 12,24 A.P.
min min
22/01/2014 16 h 05 Measure 16 h 0,58 25,500 12,26 A.P.
min 40 min
06/02/2014 17 h 20 Spectral 17 h 0,33 25,500 12,25 A.P.
min distribution 50 min
measurement
(CCT deter-
mination)

Lamp number: A456

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
21/01/2014 10 h 40 Measure 11 h 0,67 25,500 12,54 A.P.
min 20 min
21/01/2014 16 h 25 Measure 17 h 0,62 25,500 12,56 A.P.
min 05 min
22/01/2014 12 h 25 Measure 13 h 0,67 25,500 12,56 A.P.
min 05 min
06/02/2014 15 h 55 Spectral 16 h 0,42 25,500 12,56 A.P.
min distribution 20 min
measurement
(CCT deter-
mination)

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Appendix A.5 Sample Measurement Uncertainty Budget

Measurement Symbol Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty


parameter type (A or in luminous intensity
B) (%)
Calibration factor of cv B 0,01
picoammeter
Mean value of the V A 0,05
photocurrent
Luminous Sv B 0,30
responsivity of
photometer
Colour temperature TR B 0,004
Calibration factor of cj B 0,05
multimeter used to
Mean value voltage Vj A <0,0001
(lamp current)
Shunt resistance Rj B 0,0007
Mismatch index m B 0,0002
Exponent for mT B 0,0002
changes of lamp
current affecting
distribution
temperature
Exponent for mI B 0,01
changes of lamp
current affecting
luminous intensity
Distance d B 0,008
Locus photometer ∆dp B 0,01
Locus lamp ∆dL B 0,02
Correction for cstray B 0,02
straylight
Angle photometer ε B 0,002
Angle lamp hϕ B 0,001
Angle lamp vertical fν B 0,02

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Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: Wi95A

Measurement Round #1:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Rando Systematic
m
1 10 16/01/2014 5,836 30,81 278,5 0,01 0,31
2 10 16/01/2014 5,836 30,80 278,5 0,03 0,31
3 10 17/01/2014 5,836 30,81 278,3 0,01 0,31

Lamp Number: Wi95B

Measurement Round #1:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 16/01/2014 5,836 31,08 285,2 0,01 0,31
2 10 17/01/2014 5,836 31,08 285,8 0,005 0,31
3 10 18/01/2014 5,836 31,09 284,7 0,01 0,31

Lamp Number: Wi95C

Measurement Round #1:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 16/01/2014 5,832 30,79 286,3 0,006 0,31
2 10 17/01/2014 5,832 30,79 286,8 0,003 0,31
3 10 17/01/2014 5,832 30,79 285,8 0,03 0,31

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Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number: Wi95D

Measurement Round #1:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 16/01/2014 5,836 30,59 271,8 0,006 0,31
2 10 17/01/2014 5,836 30,59 271,6 0,006 0,31
3 10 17/01/2014 5,836 30,58 272,1 0,01 0,31

Lamp Number: A454

Measurement Round #1:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 21/01/2014 25,5 12,24 432,6 0,02 0,31
2 10 22/01/2014 25,5 12,24 433,5 0,02 0,31
3 10 22/01/2014 25,5 12,26 433,7 0,03 0,31

Lamp Number: A456

Measurement Round #1:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 21/01/2014 25,5 12,54 438,6 0,05 0,31
2 10 21/01/2014 25,5 12,56 439,6 0,05 0,31
3 10 22/01/2014 25,5 12,56 439,4 0,03 0,31

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RE: K3PL011: Replies to CCPR-K3.2014 Pre-Draft-A Process 2: Review of Uncertainty Budgets


2016-May-03
Dear Arnold,

Enclosed please find a the Anex 5 with an extra column with the classification of uncertainty
components,

Regards,

Alicia Pons
Instituto de Optica-CSIC
Serrano 144, 28006 Madrid
Tf. 91 5618806; Fax. 91 5642122
e-mail: alicia.pons@csic.es

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Appendix A.5 Sample Measurement Uncertainty Budget

Measurement Symbol Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty Uncertainty type


parameter type (A or in luminous intensity (random or
B) (%) systematic)
Calibration cv B 0,01 systematic
factor of
picoammeter
Mean value of V A 0,05 random
the photocurrent
Luminous Sv B 0,30 systematic
responsivity of
photometer
Colour TR B 0,004 systematic
temperature
Calibration cj B 0,05 systematic
factor of
multimeter used
to
Mean value Vj A <0,0001 random
voltage (lamp
current)
Shunt Rj B 0,0007 systematic
resistance
Mismatch index m B 0,0002 systematic
Exponent for mT B 0,0002 systematic
changes of lamp
current affecting
distribution
temperature
Exponent for mI B 0,01 systematic
changes of lamp
current affecting
luminous
intensity
Distance d B 0,008 systematic
Locus ∆dp B 0,01 random
photometer
Locus lamp ∆dL B 0,02 random
Correction for cstray B 0,02 systematic
straylight
Angle ε B 0,002 systematic
photometer
Angle lamp hϕ B 0,001 systematic
Angle lamp fν B 0,02 systematic
vertical

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014


Luminous Intensity

MEASUREMENT REPORT. ROUND #2

INSTITUTO DE ÓPTICA - CSIC


MADRID-SPAIN

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1.- Introduction

This report describes the values obtained in the calibration, in second round, of
five lamps: four OSRAM Wi 41/G identified as: Wi95A,Wi95B,Wi95C and Wi95D; and
one NPL/GEC lamps (now called NPL/Polaron Heavy Current LIS incandescent lamps)
identified as: A-454. Polaron-type lamp identified as A-456 failed during the
measurement at pilot laboratory.

Items related to measurement specifications, calibration method and procedure,


experimental set-up and uncertainty budget are not included as they are the same as
those described in the report corresponding to initial measurements.

2.- Lamp electrical values

Current Lamp voltage/V


Lamp Intensity/A
A-454 25.501 12,27
Wi95a 5.836 30,93
Wi95b 5.837 31,13
Wi95c 5.832 30,86
Wi95d 5.836 30,64

Shown values of current and voltage are effective values of electrical supply used in
our laboratory, during the second round. They are mean values of the three sets of
measurements made. The lamp current is measured as voltage across a shunt
resistance.

Laboratory conditions

For the second round the measurements were performed during July 2015. Laboratory
temperature was always between 24 ºC to 25 ºC. Humidity was in the range 30%-40%.

Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: Wi95A

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
13/07/2015 09 h 44 Measure 10 h 0,58 5,836 30,97 A.P.
min 19 min
17/07/2015 9h 50 Measure 10 h 0,67 5,836 30,95 A.P.
min 30 min
17/07/2015 14 h 05 Measure 14 h 0,58 5,836 30,87 A.P.
min 40 min

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Lamp number: Wi95B

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
13/07/2015 13 h 52 Measure 14 h 0,68 5,837 31,13 A.P.
min 33 min
15/07/2015 10 h 05 Measure 10h 40 0,58 5,836 31,12 A.P.
min min
15/07/2015 13 h 36 Measure 14 h 0,68 5,837 31,13 A.P.
m 15 min

Lamp number: Wi95C

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
14/07/2015 13 h 40 Measure 14 h 0,68 5,832 30,86 A.P.
min 20 min
16/07/2015 10 h 24 Measure 11 h 0,60 5,832 30,84 A.P.
min 00 min
16/07/2015 13 h 37 Measure 14 h 0,63 5,832 30,88 A.P.
min 15 min

Lamp number: Wi95D

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
13/07/2015 11 h 50 Measure 12h 32 0,70 5,836 30,66 A.P.
min min
15/07/2015 12 h 00 Measure 12h 42 0,70 5,836 30,62 A.P.
min min
17/07/2015 11 h 58 Measure 12 h 0,53 5,836 30,62 A.P.
min 30 min

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Lamp number: A454

Date Lamp Activity Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp Operator


ON OFF time Current Voltage initials
time time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
20/07/2015 12 h 35 Measure 13 h 0,67 25,499 12,27 A.P.
min 15 min
21/07/2015 9 h 58 Measure 10h 35 0,62 25,503 12,26 A.P.
min min
21/07/2015 12 h Measure 13 h 0,53 25,500 12,27 A.P.
44min 16 min

4.- Measurement Results

Lamp Number: Wi95A

Measurement Round #2:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Rando Systematic
m
1 10 13/07/2015 5,836 30,97 278,5 0,01 0,31
2 10 17/07/2015 5,836 30,95 277,9 0,01 0,31
3 10 17/07/2015 5,836 30,87 277,9 0,03 0,31

Lamp Number: Wi95B

Measurement Round #2:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 13/07/2015 5,837 31,13 284,5 0,02 0,31
2 10 15/07/2015 5,836 31,12 284,3 0,01 0,31
3 10 15/07/2015 5,837 31,13 284,3 0,01 0,31

Lamp Number: Wi95C

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Measurement Round #2:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 14/07/2015 5,832 30,86 286,4 0,01 0,31
2 10 16/07/2015 5,832 30,84 286,2 0,01 0,31
3 10 16/07/2015 5,832 30,88 285,7 0,03 0,31

Lamp Number: Wi95D

Measurement Round #2:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 13/07/2015 5,836 30,66 270,9 0,006 0,31
2 10 15/07/2015 5,836 30,62 270,4 0,006 0,31
3 10 17/07/2015 5,836 30,62 270,9 0,01 0,31

Lamp Number: A454

Measurement Round #2:

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous
per set Intensity (%)
Random Systematic
1 10 20/07/2015 25,499 12,27 436,2 0,02 0,31
2 10 21/07/2015 25,503 12,26 435,9 0,02 0,31
3 10 21/07/2015 25,500 12,27 436,3 0,03 0,31

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2016-September-09

Dear Arnold,

Thank you for your work.

I have been analyzing the relative data of IO-CSIC and I have noticed some problems with data
of Round #2 of our lamp identified as A-454.

After a detailed revision of the measurements and the calculus, I have noticed that there was
an error in the data sent to you corresponding to round #2 of A-454 lamp. The problem was
that in the measurements of this lamp we used a different standard resistor with a different
value. At the time we calculate the luminous intensity I made a mistake.

Enclosed please find the corrected values (marked in red) for this lamp.

Lamp Number: A454

Measurement Round #2: (revised 2016-September-09)

Measurement Number of Date/time Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainy


Set Number measurement current voltage Intensity in Luminous Intensity
per set (%)

Random Systematic

1 10 20/07/2015 25,499 12,27 434,8 0,02 0,31

2 10 21/07/2015 25,503 12,26 434,4 0,02 0,31

3 10 21/07/2015 25,500 12,27 434,8 0,03 0,31

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

LNE-CNAM Report

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LNE-CNAM — Appendix A3

Description of measuring technique (please include a diagram):


The measurements are carried out on a photometric bench the length of which is 4 meters. Four
square baffles, with external side of 400 mm and internal circular hole of 150 mm are placed
between the light source and the photometer to reduce straight light. A fifth one, with a hole of
50 mm is put just after the lamp. The photometer is aligned orthogonal to the axis of the bench
with a 6 degrees of freedom holder. The lampholder is set on a mechanical holder with 6 degrees
of freedom too. Two sighting glasses are used for positioning the lamp on the photometric bench.
One is aligned on the optical axis of the bench and is used to adjust the centre of the filament of
the lamp on the bench axis. The second is perpendicular to the optical axis of the photometric
bench and is used to put the filament of the lamp perpendicular to the axis of the bench and
shows the origin for the distance measurement. The distance for the measurement was
2.72890(10) m (round1) and 2.73180(10) m (round2). It is read on a calibrated ruler with a
resolution of 0.02 mm. The DC current in the lamps is adjusted and controlled thanks to a
standard resistor and a high precision voltmeter. It is provided by a power supply with a relative
stability on one hour better than 10-5.

Baffles
Standard Light trap
Photometer lamp

i z
y
I γ β
x
α

Calibrated Power supply


Standard
ruler resistor
ruler
Figure1: general diagram of the photometric bench
The luminous intensity is derived from the illuminance measured by a set of three primary
spectrophotometers of the laboratory according to the following procedure.
Measurement procedure.
After alignment, the lamp is switched on with a slow current ramp. We respect a warmed up of
15 mn. For each photometer, the following measurement sequence is performed:
<S1> <B1> <S2> <B2> <S3>
Were <Si> is the photocurrent when looking at the lamp (30 readings).
<Bj> is the photocurrent when the lamp is hidden (30 readings).
The symmetry of the sequence allows compensating a drift of the lamp radiation.
The measurement results are

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(𝑆𝑆1 + 𝑆𝑆2 +𝑆𝑆3 ) (𝐵𝐵1 + 𝐵𝐵2 )


𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝ℎ = ; 𝑦𝑦0 =
3 3
The sequence is repeated for the 3 photometers.
For each photometer, the luminous intensity of the lamp is calculated according to the
measurement model described below. The result of the measurement is the average on the 3
photometers. Each lamp has been measured 2 times on each round.
Measurement model:
The measurement model is given by:
𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝ℎ ∙ 𝑑𝑑2
𝐼𝐼𝑝𝑝ℎ (𝑇𝑇) = ∙ 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
𝑆𝑆𝑝𝑝ℎ (𝑇𝑇)
2 𝑦𝑦0
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐 = �1 + �𝑑𝑑𝐿𝐿 − 𝑑𝑑𝑝𝑝ℎ � + 𝜀𝜀𝑝𝑝ℎ + 𝜀𝜀𝐿𝐿 − − 6.22 ∙ ∆𝐽𝐽 − 𝛾𝛾 ∙ ∆𝑡𝑡�
𝑑𝑑 𝑦𝑦𝑝𝑝ℎ

Were Iph (T) , luminous intensity when the lamp is operated perfectly
T , colour temperature of the lamp
d , distance between the lamp filament and the photometer limiting aperture.
Sph(T) , absolute sensitivity of the photometer at the colour temperature T.
dL , misplacement of the lamp.
dph , misplacement of the photometer.
yph , photocurrent corrected for straylight and offset y0
cor , correction factor with about unity value.
εph , misorientation of the photometer
εL , misorientation of the lamp
∆J , relative difference in the lamp current setting.
γ , ageing coefficient of the lamp.
∆t , burning time

Measurement uncertainty
The lamps run at a colour temperature of (2800 ± 15) K. The sensitivity of the photometers is
calculated at 2800K. The slope of the spectral mismatch factor according to the CCT is low. The
uncertainty component associated to the colour temperature is neglected
The other contributions to the combined uncertainty are summarised in Appendix A5.
Uncertainties on the photometer sensitivity and repeatability of the lamps are the main parts of
the combined uncertainty.
Description of the primary photometers
The photometers are made with four mains parts, the trap detector, the filter holder, the filter and
the aperture. The trap detector is made with three identical silicon photodiodes of 18x18mm,
provided by Hamamatsu. They are oriented in order to trap the light after 5 internal reflexions
and to minimize the polarization effects.

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Figure 2 : General design of the photometers

The V(λ) filters are elaborated in the institute using different Schott glasses (GG10, BG39, FG13,
VG4). We have 2 types of filters, made with 3 or 4 layers. As the transmittance of a filter is
strongly dependent on its temperature, we designed a dedicated holder. The filter is fixed inside a
copper oven and the temperature of the oven is regulated at 23°C with a Peltier element and an
external controller. The temperature stability in the oven is better than 0.1 °C.
A precision aperture defines the illumination area. We have three diameters of aperture (10mm,
8mm and 6mm).
The table below details the different elements associated in the photometers.
Photometer ref Filter Aperture Solid Angle
PH04A 4 layers ∅ 10 mm 10.5 µsr
PH04B 4 layers ∅ 8 mm 6.7 µsr
PH04C 3 layers ∅ 10 mm 10.5 µsr

The absolute sensibility of the trap radiometer is calibrated according to our cryogenic radiometer
at 3 laser wavelengths (514.53 nm, 543.36 nm, 611.80 nm). The calibration is extended between
380 and 780 nm on our relative spectral sensitivity measurement facility.
The V(λ) is calibrated on the visible domain using our primary transmittance measurement
facility. The area of the diaphragms have been calibrated on our dedicated facility.
The presentation of theses facilities and the intermediate uncertainty budget for all these
calibration steps can be found in the 2 following publications
OBEIN, G., GONZALEZ-GALVAN, L., BASTIE, J., 2007, Nouvelle réalisation de la candela au
LNE-INM/CNAM, revue française de métrologie, 12, p19-28.
OBEIN, G., GONZALEZ-GALVAN, L., BASTIE, J., 2007, A new realization of the candela at the
Lne-Inm/Cnam, Proceedings of the 26th session of the CIE, Vol. 1, part. 1,
pp192-195.

Description of calibration laboratory conditions:


The measurements are performed at a temperature of 23 ± 1°C and a relative humidity of
50 ± 10%.

Lamps and transport issues


For this comparison, a set of 6 working luminous intensity standard lamps has been used. 3 were
of type Polaron LIS (ref A430, A431, A434), 3 were of type Osram WI41/G (ref #926, #927,
#936).

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The 6 lamps have been sent by private transporter at NRC after the first round. The box arrived at
NRC in good shape, but unfortunately, 2 polaron lamps (ref A431, A434) were broken inside.
The lamps were in a wood box specially designed to protect them. They were in the institute
since more than 20 years, and had already travelled many times for CCPR or EURAMET key
comparisons. The shock during the transport must has been of high violence to brake the boxes
and the lamps.
After discussion with the pilot lab, we took the decision to maintain the comparison on a
restricted set of the 4 remaining lamps (A430, #926, #927, #936).
Unfortunately, after round2 measurements, it appears that lamp #927 shows a drift of 0.88%
between Round1 and Round2. This comportment is abnormal for such a lamp. We believe that
this evolution might be due to the shock during the transport. We proposed to the pilot lab to
remove that lamp also.
Operating conditions of the lamps
Lamp Current Voltage CCT
[A] [V] [K]
926 5,690 29,01 2796
927 5,690 28,97 2795
936 5,690 29,15 2799
A430 25,000 11,95 2815
All the lamps are aligned at room temperature.
— Wi41/G lamps are aligned as in case #2 (w/2, h/2) described in the protocol section 4.4.8
— LIS Polaron lamps are aligned with retro-reflection of a laser on the front of the bulb.
The negative pole of the power supply is connected to the central electrical foot contact of the cap

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LNE–CNAM — Appendix A.5 Sample Measurement Uncertainty Budget

Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty


Measurement Parameter Type in luminous intensity
(A or B) (%)
Systematic effects:
Electrical
- standard resistor B 0.02
- voltmeter B <0.001
Photometer
- absolute spectral responsivity trap detector B 0.073
- linearity B 0.033
- filter transmission B 0.13
- aperture surface B 0.012
- spectral Mismatch Factor B 0.14
- current voltage amplifier B 0.033
- distance B 0.004
- inter-reflection 0.05
Environment
- stray light B <0.001
- temperature / humidity B <0.001

RMS total systematic effects: 0.22

Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing A 0.04
- lamp alignment A 0.21
- lamp reproducibility A 0.10 (typical)
Electrical parameters:
- power supply fluctuations A 0.01
Photometer noise A <0.001

RMS total random effects: 0.21

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.32

The RMS total refers to the usual square root of the sum of the squares of all the individual
uncertainty terms.
Participant: LNE-CNAM
NMI: France
Date: 27/11/2015
Signature: ………………………………

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LNE-CNAM – Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

Lamp Number:

Measurement Round #1:

Number of Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Lamp number measurements Date/time current voltage Intensity Luminous Intensity (%)
per set [A] [V] [cd] Random Systematic
926 2 23/03/14 5,69 29,01 234,4 0,22% 0,22%
927 2 23/03/14 5,69 28,97 238,3 0,22% 0,22%
936 2 23/03/14 5,69 29,15 241,8 0,23% 0,22%
A430 2 23/03/14 25 11,95 397,3 0,22% 0,22%

Measurement Round #2:

Number of Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Lamp number measurements Date/time current voltage Intensity Luminous Intensity (%)
per set [A] [V] [cd] Random Systematic
926 2 21/08/15 5,69 28,97 233,8 0, 24% 0,22%
927 2 21/08/15 5,69 28,94 236,2 0,24% 0,22%
936 2 21/08/15 5,69 29,10 241,2 0,29% 0,22%
A430 2 21/08/15 25 11,96 397,4 0,24% 0,22%

The random/systematic labels in this table are those related to the measurements within the
particular round of the measurements. If the systematic factors change between the measurement
rounds, this information should be indicated separately.

Participant: .LNE-CNAM...................... NMI: France.............................. Date: 27/11/2015

Signature: ....................................

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

METAS Report

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METAS data:

Appendix A.3 Description of the measurement facility

The items listed on this form should be used as a guide. It is anticipated that many of the
questions will require more information than the space allocated on this page. Please expand
your reply document as necessary.
Description of measurement geometry (please include a diagram):

- positions of lamp, detector, bench, shielding, baffles (number, distances and sizes)

fig. 1

- alignment devices
Laser beam, telescopes

- solid angle of luminous intensity measurements:


1.0°

- distance of photometer from lamp


2500 mm

- size of photometer input aperture


8 mm (no diffusor)

- limiting aperture?
The photometers have a sharp limiting aperture defining the reference plane

Description of measurement procedures

20 consecutive measurements of 1 s per detector 3 reference detectors

Make and type of the photometer (or equivalent).

METAS built reflective trap detector based on 3 large sized hamamatsu Si photodiode (S6337).
Each photometer has a precis aperture and a V(λ)-matching filter . The f'1 of the photometer
being approximately 1.8. The filters are temperature stabilized

Operating conditions of the lamps:


base down

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- geometrical alignment
The optical axis is horizontal and passes through the center of the filament.

- definitions of defined point and reference plane at the lamp


plane of the lamp filament

- for Osram lamps with center filament supports, which center filament support type is used for
the alignment (see Figure Two and Section 4.4.8.)
CenterFilament Support #1

- alignment procedure

With the telescope in front of the lamp


Rotation about the X-axis:
the horizontal sections on each side of the filament are aligned along the Y-axis (horizontal).

The spatial position of the lamp is adjusted in the Y direction until the vertical crosshair of the
telescope is equidistant from the two filament wires at the center of the filament.

The spatial position of the lamp is adjusted in the Z direction until the horizontal crosshair of
the telescope passes through the defined point of the filament plane.

With the telescope in side of the lamp


Rotation about the Y-axis is adjusted until the image of the filament in the telescope is parallel to
the vertical crosshair. Only the top half of the filament is visible for this alignment.

Rotation about the Z-axis is adjusted until the width (in the Y direction) of the image of the
filament in the telescope is minimized. In the case of the filament with the center support, only
the top half of the filament will be visible for this alignment.

The distance along the X-axis is measured to the center along the X-axis of the image of the
lamp filament in the telescope.

- is the filament at room temperature or glowing for the alignment?


room temperature

- alignment jig? If so, how is it used?


No

- size and position of limiting aperture


as explained above

- electrical polarity, current, voltage for each traveling standard


Positive potential on the base contact, negative potential on the thread, constant DC current

Lamp No. Current / A Voltage / V CCT / K


506 5.76000 30.557 ± 0.006 2856 ± 30
684 5.68000 30.685 ± 0.006 2856 ± 30
841 5.86000 30.341 ± 0.006 2856 ± 30
1060 5.85000 30.327 ± 0.006 2856 ± 30
1063 5.90000 30.558 ± 0.006 2856 ± 30
1064 5.90000 30.682 ± 0.006 2856 ± 30
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- length of warm-up time for each lamp before measurements are taken > 15 min.

- measured CCT (or Distribution Temperature or Colour Temperature, see Section 3.5).
See table

- stray-light reduction

three apertures are placed in the path between the lamp and the photometers (see also
figure above): at around 100 mm from the photometer a round aperture of 42mm diameter, at
960 mm a round aperture of around 120mm and at 2000mm a round aperture of 100 mm. In
addition a light trap is placed at around 725 mm after the lamp.

Description of calibration laboratory conditions: e.g. temperature, humidity etc.


T = (25.0 ± 1.0) °C and H = (40 ± 10) %

Laboratory transfer standards used:

- type of transfer standards and traceability to primary scale


the photometers are described in detail above. They are directly traceable to the METAS
reference radiometers (METAS built reflective trap detector based on 3 large sized hamamatsu
Si photodiode (S6337)). These radiometers are directly traceable to the METAS primary
realization of optical radiation (cryo-radiometer)

Establishment or traceability route of primary scale including date of last realisation and
uncertainty budget.

Participant: ……………………………..Peter Blattner


NMI: ………………………………..……METAS
Date: ……………………………….……1.12.2014
Signature: ………………………………sig. P. Blattner

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Appendix A.5 Sample Measurement Uncertainty Budget

Notation is based on CIE 198


m P1 mTS 1 − m IS 1
d 2 ( y − yPS10 )  cP  TdC1  (1 + 2 ∆d P d PS + aP ∆TP + g P (ε P ) )
m P1
 cJ ⋅ U JS1 
I CS 1 = PS PS1      ⋅
sCP1  GPS1  TA   J C1 ⋅ RJ  (1 + 2 ∆d S1 d PS + aS 1∆TS 1 + k S 1 (ϕ S 1 ) + hS 1 (ϑS 1 ) )

Abs. stand. Absolute Absolute Relative


No Quantity Symbol Value uncertainty Type DOF sensitivity contribution contribution
uV(hS1C(ϑS10))

Vmm0
VICCS1

1 distance photometer lamp / (m) d PS 2.5 0.000058 B ∞ 221.1775 0.0128 0.005%

2* mean val photo. signal / (V) 0.73384 0.00013 A 9 376.7446 0.0479 0.017%

yPS10
3* mean val photo. dark signal / (V) -0.000438 0.000018 A 9 -376.7446 -0.0068 0.002%

4
luminous respons photometer / sCP1 16.580 0.051 B ∞ 16.6746 0.8579 0.310%
(nA/ lx)

5 DVM calibration factor cP 1 1.45E-05 B ∞ 276.4719 0.0040 0.001%

6
gain setting resistance, GPS1 1001.36 0.02 B ∞ -0.2761 -0.0044 0.002%
photometer picoammeter / Kohm
distribution temperature of lamp / TdC1
7* 2855.7 11.5 B ∞ -0.0007 -0.0086 0.003%
K
nominal distribution temperature, TA
8 2856 0 B ∞ 0 0 0.000%
"illuminant A" / K
spect. mismatch factor for mP1
9 0.0077 0.0003 B ∞ -1.09E-02 0.0000 0.000%
photometer mPR

factor of the DVM used for the cJ


10 1 0.0000025 B ∞ -1'685.63 -0.0042 0.002%
lamp supply
U JS 1
11* DVM signal of lamp supply / V 0.576091068 0.0000015 A 21 -2'925.98 -0.0044 0.002%

J C1
12 nominal current for the lamp / A 5.76 0 B ∞ 0 0 0.000%

shunt resistant used for the lamp RJ


13 1.000161E-01 5.00E-06 B ∞ 16853.5699 0.0843 0.030%
supply / Ohm
relating distribution temperature mTS 1
14 0.4 0.2 B ∞ -2.67E-06 0.0000 0.000%
with the electrical input current
exponent for current sensitivity of mIS 1
15 6.1 2 B ∞ 3.48E-04 0.0007 0.000%
intensity
distance alignment of photometer ∆d d
16* P PS 0 0.000046 B ∞ 552.9438 0.0254 0.009%
head
relative temperature coefficient of α P
17 0.0002 0.0001 B ∞ 276.4719 0.0276 0.010%
photometer / K-1

18
deviation to nominal ambient ∆TP 1 0.28 B ∞ 0.0553 0.0155 0.006%
temperature DUT/ K

19*
angular misalignment of DUT g P (ε P ) 0 0.00007 B ∞ 276.4719 0.0194 0.007%
photometer head

20*
distance alignment of lamp ∆dS1 d PS 0 0.00023094 B ∞ -552.9438 -0.1277 0.046%
filament
relative temperature coefficient of α S 1
21 0.0002 0.0001 B ∞ 0.0000 0.0000 0.000%
lamp / K-1

22
deviation to nominal ambient ∆TS1 0 0.28 B ∞ -0.0553 -0.0155 0.006%
temperature ref/ K

23*
angular misalignment of ref k S 1 (ϕ S 1 ) 0 0.000054 B ∞ -276.4719 -0.0149 0.005%
photometer head

24*
angular misalignment of ref hS 1 (ϑS 1 ) 0 0.0002 B ∞ -276.4719 -0.0553 0.020%
photometer head

sCP1
luminous intensity lamp / (cd) 276.47 DOF 1.0E+06 0.8761 0.317%

Peter Blattner, METAS, 2015-11-07

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Appendix A.6 Measurement Results

METAS Peter Blattner 07.11.2015

Lamp Number 506


CCT 2855.74 K

Measurement Round #1:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
732 10 12.02.2014 14:28 5.76 30.558 276.357 0.054 0.312
738 10 17.02.2014 14:46 5.76 30.559 276.104 0.053 0.312

Measurement Round #2:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
783 10 30.04.2014 13:12 5.76 30.558 276.241 0.054 0.312
783b 10 30.04.2014 16:15 5.76 30.557 276.148 0.052 0.312

Lamp Number 684


CCT 2854.35 K

Measurement Round #1:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
733 10 13.02.2014 12:36 5.68 30.687 278.005 0.074 0.312
737 10 14.02.2014 15:55 5.68 30.688 277.937 0.064 0.312

Measurement Round #2:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
784a 10 04.05.2015 13:57 5.68 30.685 277.785 0.053 0.312
784b 10 04.05.2015 17:50 5.68 30.686 277.989 0.056 0.312

Lamp Number 841


CCT 2858.30 K

Measurement Round #1:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
734 10 13.02.2014 14:46 5.86 30.341 280.804 0.053 0.312
736 10 14.02.2014 13:58 5.86 30.341 280.953 0.055 0.312

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Measurement Round #2:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
785a 10 05.05.2015 11:50 5.86 30.335 280.345 0.054 0.312
785b 10 05.05.2015 15:42 5.86 30.338 280.279 0.052 0.312

Lamp Number 1060


CCT 2840.96 K

Measurement Round #1:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
729 10 11.02.2014 07:43 5.85 30.323 272.283 0.056 0.312
740 10 18.02.2014 08:34 5.85 30.327 272.230 0.053 0.312

Measurement Round #2:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
787a 10 06.05.2015 09:17 5.85 30.340 272.931 0.055 0.312
787b 10 06.05.2015 13:21 5.85 30.337 273.036 0.052 0.312

Lamp Number 1063


CCT 2854.46 K

Measurement Round #1:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
730 10 11.02.2014 12:15 5.90 30.555 283.875 0.053 0.312
741 10 18.02.2014 10:31 5.90 30.559 284.103 0.056 0.312

Measurement Round #2:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
825a 10 29.07.2015 13:48 5.90 30.571 284.303 0.052 0.312
825b 10 29.07.2015 16:40 5.90 30.565 284.508 0.054 0.312

Lamp Number 1064


CCT 2854.84 K

Measurement Round #1:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
731 10 11.02.2014 15:41 5.90 30.676 287.852 0.053 0.312
742 10 18.02.2014 12:14 5.90 30.682 287.963 0.052 0.312

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Measurement Round #2:

Lamp Lamp Luminous Standard Uncertainty in


Number of
Measurement Set Number Date Time current / voltage / Intensity / Luminous Intensity (%)
measurements per set
A V cd
Random Systematic
826a 10 30.07.2015 15:24 5.90 30.696 288.605 0.052 0.312
827b 10 30.07.2015 18:10 5.90 30.689 288.519 0.053 0.312

Blattner Peter
Digitally signed by Blattner Peter DN: cn=Blattner Peter, o=METAS, ou,
email=peter.blattner@metas.ch, c=CH
Date: 2015.11.07 22:23:01 +01'00'

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NPL Report

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NPL REPORT ENV (RES) 003

MEASUREMENTS OF LUMINOUS INTENSITY STANDARDS FOR


CCPR KEY COMPARISON CCPR-K3.2014

BARRY SCOTT, TERESA GOODMAN

APRIL 2016

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Measurements of Luminous Intensity Standards for


CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Barry Scott & Teresa Goodman


Environment Division

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 Queen’s Printer and Controller of HMSO, 2016

National Physical Laboratory


Hampton Road, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LW

Extracts from this report may be reproduced provided the source is acknowledged
and the extract is not taken out of context.

Approved on behalf of NPLML by


Dr Richard Brown, Knowledge Leader

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CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
2 SELECTION OF COMPARISON ARTEFACTS ......................................................................1
3 MEASUREMENT FACILITY ......................................................................................................1
3.1 LAMP ALIGNMENT ....................................................................................................................3
4 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................5
5 UNCERTAINTY BUDGET...........................................................................................................6
5.1 CALIBRATION OF REFERENCE LAMP INTENSITY .............................................................7
5.2 AGEING OF REFERENCE LAMPS ............................................................................................7
5.3 DISTANCE SETTING AND BENCH SCALE.............................................................................7
5.4 ACCURACY OF LAMP CURRENT SETTING ..........................................................................8
5.5 PHOTOMETER PHOTOCURRENT ............................................................................................8
5.6 PHOTOMETER SPECTRAL MISMATCH .................................................................................8
5.7 STRAY LIGHT..............................................................................................................................8
5.8 STABILISER CURRENT CONTROL..........................................................................................8
5.9 PHOTOMETER CALIBRATION FACTOR ................................................................................8
5.10 TEST LAMP REPEATABILITY ..................................................................................................8
6 REFERENCES ...............................................................................................................................9

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1 INTRODUCTION

NPL is one of twelve laboratories that has participated in the CCPR Key Comparison CCPR
K3:2014 for Luminous Intensity which commenced in 2014. This report summarises the
results of the measurements performed at NPL of the selected Luminous Intensity Standard
lamps.

2 SELECTION OF COMPARISON ARTEFACTS

The comparison protocol called for luminous intensity standard lamps as the comparison
artefacts. The nominated lamp types were Osram Wi41/G lamps and NPL/Polaron LIS lamps.
Participants were requested to submit between four and six lamps which could be of either
one or both types. NPL chose to submit five lamps as travelling artefacts, three Polaron type
and two Osram type, as indicated in Table 1.

Table 1 NPL Travelling Artefacts

Source Type Identifier


NPL/Polaron A644
NPL/Polaron A647
NPL/Polaron PA758
Osram Wi41/G 877
Osram Wi41/G 890

3 MEASUREMENT FACILITY

Measurements were performed at NPL on the 8 m photometric bench facility, shown


schematically in Figure 1. The primary optical axis for this facility is defined by a laser
aligned to run parallel to the bench and the datum position is defined by the vertical crosshair
of a cathetometer which is aligned perpendicular to the optical axis. Distance is determined by
a vernier length scale which has been calibrated using a laser interferometer.

Figure 1 NPL 8 m bench facility

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An NPL-designed photometer was used to transfer the calibration from the NPL primary
standard luminous intensity lamps to the travelling standard lamps used for the comparison.
The photometer consists of a single element silicon photodiode with a four-element glass
filter, which has been individually-designed to give a close match to the V(λ) function, and a
precision aperture (10 mm in diameter) which defines the photometer reference plane for
distance measurement. The photometer was aligned so that the aperture was perpendicular to,
and centred on, the optical axis. The complete unit was temperature-controlled at 30.0 ºC; the
spectral responsivity of the photometer has also been calibrated at this temperature.

Stray light was minimised using a series of baffles between the lamp being measured and the
photometer (three baffles were used, placed approximately 200 mm, 1900 mm and 2100 mm
from the limiting aperture of the photometer – exact placement of the baffles depended on a
visual assessment of stray light reaching the photometer). An additional baffle was placed
immediately in front of the lamp so that only light passing through the lamp mask could reach
the photometer. A black cloth screen was placed between the rear of the lamp and the
alignment laser to eliminate reflections from the laser aperture. The walls, floor and ceiling of
the laboratory are painted black. Residual stray light was allowed for by making a ‘dark’
measurement with the stray light screen closest to the lamp obstructed.

Measurements were made with the lamps aligned as described in Section 3.1 below with the
photometer set so that its limiting aperture was at a distance of 2.4 m from the mean plane of
the lamp filament; this gave a measurement solid angle of approximately 0.12 sr. The
reference standards used were of the same type as the travelling standards and were aligned in
the same way and measured at the same distance. The reference standards were directly
traceable to NPL’s cryogenic radiometer and were established as described in [1]. The NPL
luminous intensity scale has been re-established directly against the cryogenic radiometer on a
regular basis since the time of the first realisation described in [1] and this has confirmed the
stability of the disseminated scale over this period. The calibration of the reference lamps has
also been checked at regular intervals and found to be within the limits allowed for ‘lamp
ageing’ in the uncertainty budget.

The lamps were operated from a stabilised dc power supply with a current stability of better
than 0.005 %. Current was determined by measuring the voltage drop across a calibrated
precision resistor (0.1 Ω in the case of the Osram lamps, 0.01 Ω for the Polaron lamps); the
resistors were used in an oil bath to minimise any temperature fluctuations during use and
were calibrated at the same temperature at which they were used. Each lamp had previously
been calibrated against the NPL relative spectral irradiance scale to determine the current
required for a correlated colour temperature of approximately 2856 K and this was the current
set for this comparison; the individual lamp currents set and the corresponding correlated
colour temperatures are given in Table 2. The reference lamps were also operated at a
correlated colour temperature of approximately 2856 K and the close match of the photometer
spectral responsivity to the V(λ) function meant that the spectral mismatch correction was
negligibly small.

At least two independent measurements were made on each lamp, with the lamp being
completely realigned for each measurement. Measurements were made over a period of
several days. On each occasion of measurement the lamp was run up gradually to the required
current and allowed to stabilise for at least 15 minutes before measurements commenced. The

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lamps were operated in a 4-pin lamp holder and the lamp voltage and current at the time of
measurement were recorded, together with the photocurrent from the photometer.

Table 2 Currents and correlated colour temperatures for NPL travelling artefacts

Correlated colour
Current
Lamp identifier temperature
(A)
(K)
A644 25.360 2850
A647 25.310 2850
PA758 25.220 2850
877 5.818 2853
890 5.804 2853

During the course of the measurements the laboratory was maintained at a temperature of
21.0 ºC ± 2.0 ºC and a humidity of 50 % RH ± 25 % RH.

3.1 LAMP ALIGNMENT

The lamps were mounted base down and aligned with a cold filament (i.e. no current
flowing).

The alignment procedure used for the Osram lamps was as follows:
1. The lamp was adjusted so that the filament was vertical when viewed along the optical
axis.
2. The lamp was rotated so that the width of the image of the filament viewed through
the cathetometer set perpendicular to the optical axis was minimised.
3. The tilt of the lamp was adjusted so that the image of the filament was vertical (i.e.
parallel to the cathetometer vertical cross hair)
4. The lamp was adjusted in the horizontal and vertical direction so that the laser
defining the optical axis passed through the centre of the filament.
5. A screen was placed immediately in front of the lamp so that only light passing
through the aperture in the painted lamp mask could reach the photometer.
6. Distance was measured from the mean plane of the lamp filament as viewed using the
cathetometer mounted perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical bench. The
measurement distance was 2.40 m.

The alignment procedure used for the Polaron lamps was as follows:
1. The lamp was adjusted so that the envelope was vertical when viewed along the
optical axis.
2. The lamp was rotated and tilted so that the flat front window was set perpendicular to
the optical axis (i.e. so that the laser defining the optical axis was reflected from the
rear of the front window directly back to the laser).
3. The lamp was adjusted in the horizontal and vertical direction so that the laser
defining the optical axis passed through the centre of the filament.
4. A screen was placed immediately in front of the lamp so that only light passing
through the aperture in the lamp mask fixed to the front window could reach the
photometer.

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5. Distance was measured from the mean plane of the lamp filament as viewed using the
cathetometer mounted perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical bench. The
measurement distance was 2.40 m.

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4 RESULTS

Table 3 Measurement Round #1, March 2014

Standard Uncertainty in
Luminous Intensity (k = 1)
Number of
Source Lamp Lamp Luminous independent
Random Systematic
Identifier Current Voltage Intensity measure-
ments
(A) (V) (cd) (%) (%)
A644 25.360 12.505 451.78 3 0.082 % 0.158 %
A647 25.310 12.510 459.43 2 0.082 % 0.158 %
PA758 25.220 12.743 460.33 3 0.082 % 0.158 %
877 5.818 30.013 276.34 2 0.082 % 0.158 %
890 5.804 29.871 273.93 3 0.082 % 0.158 %

Table 4 Measurement Round #2, September 2015

Standard Uncertainty in
Luminous Intensity (k = 1)
Number of
Source Lamp Lamp Luminous independent
Random Systematic
Identifier Current Voltage Intensity measure-
ments
(A) (V) (cd) (%) (%)
A644 25.360 12.500 451.97 2 0.082 % 0.158 %
A647 25.310 12.533 459.63 2 0.082 % 0.158 %
PA758 25.220 12.751 460.70 2 0.082 % 0.158 %
877 5.818 30.013 275.91 3 0.082 % 0.158 %
890 5.804 29.878 273.24 2 0.082 % 0.158 %

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5 UNCERTAINTY BUDGET

Table 5 Uncertainty budget (identical for both rounds of measurements and both types of lamp)
Type A
Source of uncertainty or value Divisor ui
Type B
Systematic effects:
Calibration of reference lamp intensity B 0.200 % 2 0.100 %
Ageing of reference lamps B 0.125 % 1.732 0.072 %
Distance setting B 0.050 % 1.732 0.029 %
Accuracy of lamp current setting B 0.160 % 1.732 0.092 %
Photocurrent measurement B 0.010 % 1.732 0.006 %
Spectral mismatch B 0.010 % 1.732 0.006 %
Stray light B 0.020 % 1.732 0.012 %
RMS Total Systematic Effects 0.158 %

Random effects:
Stabiliser current control A 0.016 % 2 0.008 %
Photometer calibration factor repeatability A 0.064 % 1 0.064 %
Test lamp repeatability A 0.050 % 1 0.050 %
RMS Total Random Effects: 0.082 %

RMS Total Standard Uncertainty 0.178 %

The basis of these uncertainties is described in 5.1 to 5.10 below. The associated measurement
equation is:

𝐼𝐼v,𝑡𝑡 = 𝐶𝐶cal 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡 (1 + 𝐶𝐶d,𝑡𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶𝐶J,𝑡𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶𝐶p,𝑡𝑡 )𝐹𝐹SM,𝑡𝑡 (1 − 𝐶𝐶stray,𝑡𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶𝐶align,𝑡𝑡 ) (1)
where
(𝐼𝐼v,𝑟𝑟 +𝐶𝐶age,𝑟𝑟 )
𝐶𝐶cal = (2)
𝑉𝑉𝑟𝑟

and
𝐼𝐼v,𝑡𝑡 is the luminous intensity of test (comparison) lamp t
𝐶𝐶cal is the mean photometer calibration factor, calculated using Equation 2 and averaged
across all the reference lamps used
𝐼𝐼v,𝑟𝑟 is the luminous intensity of reference lamp r
𝐶𝐶age,𝑟𝑟 is the change in luminous intensity of reference lamp r since its original
calibration due to ageing
𝑉𝑉𝑟𝑟 is the mean reading from the photometer for reference lamp r
𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡 is the mean reading from the photometer for test lamp t

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𝐶𝐶d,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to error in setting the filaments
of the reference and test lamps in the same vertical plane
𝐶𝐶𝐽𝐽,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to error in setting the current for
the test lamp to the specified value (the uncertainty due to error in setting the current for
the reference lamp to the specified value is included in the uncertainty budget for the
luminous intensity of the reference lamp)
𝐶𝐶p,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to differences in amplifier gain
and DVM sensitivity between measurement of the photocurrent produced by the
reference lamp and that produced by the test lamp
𝐹𝐹SM,𝑡𝑡 is the spectral mismatch correction factor for test lamp t
𝐶𝐶stray,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to differences in stray light
between the reference and test lamps
𝐶𝐶align,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to misalignment of the lamp
(the uncertainty due to misalignment of the reference lamp is included in the uncertainty
budget for the luminous intensity of the reference lamp)

Note all of the C terms listed above have an expected value of zero and an associated
uncertainty that has been estimated as described in sections 5.1 to 5.10 below.

5.1 CALIBRATION OF REFERENCE LAMP INTENSITY

The calibration of the reference lamps, and the associated uncertainties, is detailed in [1].

5.2 AGEING OF REFERENCE LAMPS

The reference lamps are used only for checks to confirm the stability of the NPL luminous
intensity scale and as standards for calibration of working standards. They have been used for
a maximum of 25 hours since their initial calibration (most have been used for less than this)
and their polarity is reversed on each occasion of use to minimise ageing effects.
Measurements on other lamps of the same type operated at the same correlated colour
temperature and under the same conditions have shown ageing rates of approximately 0.5 %
per 100 hours; a conservative allowance for ageing of 0.125 % has therefore been included in
the uncertainty budget to allow for ageing. Regular checks using the NPL photometer as a
reference (freshly calibrated against the cryogenic radiometer) have confirmed the reference
lamps have been stable to within this limit.

5.3 DISTANCE SETTING AND BENCH SCALE

The reference lamps and the travelling standards are both used at the same distance, which is
also the distance at which the reference lamps were originally calibrated. Therefore the only
contributions that need to be considered when assessing the uncertainty due to distance setting
are the precision with which the bench scale can be read (since this limits the ability to set a
reproducible distance value) and the uncertainty in defining the mean plane of the filament.
The combined effect of these two contributions is estimated as 0.5 mm, which corresponds to
an uncertainty in luminous intensity of 0.05 % at the measurement distance of 2.40 m.

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5.4 ACCURACY OF LAMP CURRENT SETTING

The accuracy of the lamp current setting is determined by the uncertainty associated with the
calibration of the standard resistor (including an allowance for possible drift in the resistance
since the time of calibration) and the uncertainty associated with the calibration of the
voltmeter (again including an allowance for possible drift since the time of calibration). These
were estimated to give a combined uncertainty of 0.02 % in current, which corresponds to an
uncertainty of 0.160 % in luminous intensity (using an 8:1 relationship between intensity and
current).

5.5 PHOTOMETER PHOTOCURRENT

Since the measurement procedure used at NPL involves a direct comparison between lamps of
similar types, the majority of the factors that influence the accuracy of the measurement of the
photometer photocurrent (such as amplifier gain and digital voltmeter accuracy) have
negligible impact on the final luminous intensity value. A small contribution (0.01 %) is
included in the uncertainty budget to allow for any residual uncertainty e.g. due to the effect
of ambient temperature fluctuations.

5.6 PHOTOMETER SPECTRAL MISMATCH

As indicated in Section 3, the reference and test lamps have similar correlated colour
temperatures and the photometer has a good match to the V(λ) function (f1’ better than 3.5 %).
No spectral mismatch correction was therefore necessary, but a small contribution (0.01 %)
was allowed for spectral mismatch in the uncertainty budget.

5.7 STRAY LIGHT

Stray light was minimised through the use of stray light screens between the lamp and the
photometer. A small contribution of 0.02 % was included in the uncertainty budget to allow
for any residual stray light.

5.8 STABILISER CURRENT CONTROL

The lamps were operated from a stabilised power supply, able to control current to 0.002 %.
The corresponding uncertainty in lamp luminous intensity was estimated as 0.016 % (using an
8:1 relationship between intensity and current).

5.9 PHOTOMETER CALIBRATION FACTOR

The repeatability of the photometer calibration factor was determined by statistical analysis of
the results using a number of the NPL reference standard lamps. The standard uncertainty was
included as a Type A contribution in the uncertainty budget.

5.10 TEST LAMP REPEATABILITY

The repeatability of the measurements on the test lamps was estimated based on statistical
analysis of the results of previous measurements on similar lamps, in which the lamp was
realigned a number of times at various extremes of what would be regarded as an ‘acceptable’
alignment. In practice, the measurement repeatability achieved was better than this, but the
worst case estimate (0.05 %) was used in the uncertainty budget.

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6 REFERENCES

[1] Goodman TM and Key PJ. The NPL radiometric realisation of the candela. Metrologia
1988; 25: 20-40.

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NPL response to questions relating to uncertainty budgets for CCPR-K3.2014


General comments / questions

1. The lamps used for the comparison were calibrated directly against NPL’s primary reference
standard luminous intensity lamps, which are of exactly the same type as the comparison
lamps. Any reflections from the inside edges of baffles or shutters are therefore common to
both the reference and comparison lamps and the effects cancel; no correction is necessary.
Extensive investigations into stray light effects (including light scattered, reflected or
diffracted by apertures and baffles) were carried out during the realisation of the luminous
intensity scale and assessed to be less than 0.01 % - this is included in the uncertainty
budget for NPL’s realisation of the candela.

2. The alignment of the NPL photometer was not changed between the calibration using the
reference lamps and the measurements of the comparison lamps; therefore it is not
necessary to include an uncertainty component for misalignment of the photometer
aperture.

3. NPL did not follow the model given in CIE 198:2011 since this is not how we usually structure
our uncertainty budget. We did, however, provide a detailed description of each of the
uncertainty contributions included in our uncertainty budget, which we believe gives the
information necessary to judge the legitimacy of each of these. For completeness, our
measurement equation is given below (this has also been added to our measurement
report):

𝐼𝐼v,𝑡𝑡 = 𝐶𝐶cal 𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡 (1 + 𝐶𝐶d,𝑡𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶𝐶J,𝑡𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶𝐶p,𝑡𝑡 )𝐹𝐹SM,𝑡𝑡 (1 − 𝐶𝐶stray,𝑡𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶𝐶align,𝑡𝑡 ) (1)
where
(𝐼𝐼v,𝑟𝑟 +𝐶𝐶age,𝑟𝑟 )
𝐶𝐶cal = 𝑉𝑉𝑟𝑟
(2)

and

𝐼𝐼v,𝑡𝑡 is the luminous intensity of test (comparison) lamp t


𝐶𝐶cal is the mean photometer calibration factor, calculated using Equation 2 and
averaged across all the reference lamps used
𝐼𝐼v,𝑟𝑟 is the luminous intensity of reference lamp r
𝐶𝐶age,𝑟𝑟 is the change in luminous intensity of reference lamp r since its original
calibration due to ageing
𝑉𝑉𝑟𝑟 is the mean reading from the photometer for reference lamp r
𝑉𝑉𝑡𝑡 is the mean reading from the photometer for test lamp t
𝐶𝐶d,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to error in setting the filaments
of the reference and test lamps in the same vertical plane
𝐶𝐶J,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to error in setting the current
for the test lamp to the specified value (the uncertainty due to error in setting the

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current for the reference lamp to the specified value is included in the uncertainty
budget for the luminous intensity of the reference lamp)
𝐶𝐶p,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to differences in amplifier gain
and DVM sensitivity between measurement of the photocurrent produced by the
reference lamp and that produced by the test lamp
𝐹𝐹SM,𝑡𝑡 is the spectral mismatch correction factor for test lamp t
𝐶𝐶stray,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to differences in stray light
between the reference and test lamps
𝐶𝐶align,𝑡𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to misalignment of the lamp
(the uncertainty due to misalignment of the reference lamp is included in the
uncertainty budget for the luminous intensity of the reference lamp)
Note all of the C terms listed above have an expected value of zero and an associated uncertainty
that has been estimated as described in our measurement report.

Specific comments / questions

1. Yes, it is impossible to isolate the effect of ‘stabiliser current control’ from ‘test lamp
repeatability’ so there is potentially a small element of double counting in the random
effects. However since the test lamp repeatability component is intended primarily to allow
for lamp alignment variations and is treated as a worst case estimate, we have chosen to
ignore this small element of double counting. The effect on the final uncertainty is
insignificant.

2. We do not know the actual change in luminous intensity due to ageing for each individual
reference lamp used. Each reference lamp has been used for a different length of time since
the original calibration and will also age at a slightly different (unknown) rate. We therefore
do not correct for ageing effects. The uncertainty estimate is a conservative allowance,
which is based on measurements on other lamps of the same type operated at the same
correlated colour temperature and under the same conditions coupled with knowledge of
the maximum length of time for which the reference lamps have been used since the
original calibration.

3. We apologise for these typing mistakes, which were due to importing the table from an
Excel file. We have provided a corrected version of the report to the pilot laboratory.

4. The uncertainty due to lamp alignment is included under ‘Test lamp repeatability’ as
described in section 5.10 of our report.

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Dear Arnold,

Many thanks for sending the NPL relative data for CCPR-K3.2014 for review. I have the following
comments:

1. We had noted from our measurements that the luminous intensity values for our two
Wotan lamps, 877 and 890, were significantly different for our round 1 and round 2
measurements; the differences were significantly larger than would be expected based on
the random uncertainty associated with measurements of these lamps. The Polaron lamps
showed much better stability during the course of the comparison, with values from the two
rounds agreeing at the levels we would expect (i.e. within the random uncertainty).

2. This suggested that the luminous intensity of both Wotan lamps had changed as a result of
transportation. Other possible causes of a change in output, such as ageing, appeared
unlikely because of the very short burn time during the course of the comparison
measurements. Furthermore, we considered it likely that the change in output would have
occurred either during transportation to NRC or during return to NPL; changes during both
transportations could occur, but are less probable.

3. We obviously could not tell from our measurements whether the values had changed during
the first transportation, from NPL to NRC, or during the second, from NRC to NPL. Based on
the evidence of the relative data, it appears that for both lamps the change is most likely to
have occurred after the NRC measurements, i.e. during transport back to NPL. This is
demonstrated by the small standard deviation in the candela/volt ratios using the Round 1
luminous intensity values (0.06 %, which is consistent with the random uncertainties of
0.08 %) compared with the much larger standard deviation using the round 2 values (0.14 %,
which is significantly higher than the random uncertainties).

4. Based on this review, I would request that the analysis for the NPL Wotan lamps should use
only the round 1 luminous intensity values. Both rounds of measurements should be used
for the Polaron lamps.

Please let me know whether this is acceptable. I am happy to give further details if necessary.

Best wishes

Teresa

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

PTB Report

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Appendix A.3
Description of the measurement facility at
PTB

Description of measuring geometry

The measurements are carried out at the photometer bench system. The photometer bench system is
composed of three different photometer benches aligned in a row. They can be used singly or
together, so that measuring distances up to 40 meter become possible. The distance readings are
from absolute electronic linear encoders with resolution below 0.01 mm and linear well within that
range. The calibration of all geometric relations is performed by a laser-tracker. The latter is traced
back to the national PTB length standard with an expanded uncertainty of 0.1 mm for distances up
to 8.5 m. The following Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 show the main components of the bench and illustrate
their interactions.

Fig. 1: Main components of the photometer bench (schematic) including light trap, baffles and the
aperture plus shutter for field-of-view limitation and dark measurements, respectively.

6 photometer
spectrometer
600 lx

P1…P6 = photometer

photometer carousel
P6 SPM P1 SPM = spectrometer
V1 V2
L = alignment laser
P5 P2

L
RP = reference point

P4 P3
M
M = micrometer
RP
Indication of distance V1, V2 = shutter Carriage motor

Fig. 2: Photometer carousel performing sequential measurement with up to 6 photometers /


spectrometers mounted to the identical location with their limiting aperture

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video camera

ph
ot
om
et
Telescopes + h er
nc be
e nc
video cameras sb h
ros
c
Fig. 3: Tools for the camera aided alignment are two video cameras (left) to the left and right side of
the lamp and, behind the rolling gate, the third video camera (right) mounted temporarily within the
photometer bench for front view.

hair cross of Fig 4: Images of the lamp’s filament


the telescope
from left and right side (on top) and
the front view (bottom).
Note: The light trap behind the
filament is temporarily covered with a
higher reflecting cloth to enlarge the
contrast within the image.

Fig.: 5: Automated lamp holder with:


ϕ
Motors and lamp power supply being
- software controlled, enabling
ϑ
x - automated determination of related
- the sensitivity coefficients
c( x ), c( y ), c(ϑ ), c(ϕ ), c (ilamp ), c (T (ilamp ))
y

Motor driven photometer carriage for a


variation of the distance “x”.
Lamp holder, for an independent alignment
of 6 degrees of freedom
Lamp carriage with three motors for
- rotating the “aligned lamp”
around the two axes “ϑ” and “ϕ” and for
- moving in direction “y”.

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Description of measurement procedure

At the PTB the unit of luminous intensity is the realized and maintained by a network of lamps and
photometers [1]. All objects are characterized over long periods of time and well known for their
relevant properties such as coefficients for ageing, geometrical misalignment, electric
misadjustment, and ambient influences (temperature, humidity, air stream).
The 6 lamp transfer standards participating in this key comparison are organized as a fixed group
since the last CCPR key comparison [2] which acts as a PTB- internal duplication for the lamp
transfer standard group taking part in the last key comparison. Since then, they were operated for
only 4 hours and were calibrated according to the value represented by PTBs network of lamps (see
“Traceability chain and date of last realization”), before transport to the pilot laboratory. Hence,
their values represent the valid national luminous intensity unit of PTB.

Make and type of the photometer

Two photometer heads LMT with thermostatic stabilization at 35°C are used and permanently
heated.
a) Type P30, aperture with diffuser, the reference plane is outside of the opal glass of the entrance
window (diameter 30 mm)
b) Type P10, aperture without diffuser, the reference plane is outside of the glass of the entrance
window (diameter 10 mm)

Description of calibration laboratory conditions

- ambient temperature 23.5°C ( ± 0.5°C)


- relative humidity 45% ( ± 10%)
- clean room class “100 000”

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Operating conditions of the lamps

Geometrical conditions:

The lamps OSRAM WI41/G are aligned (see Fig. 4) without glowing:
- lamp’s optical axis is central and rectangular to the filament plane
- lamp’s optical axis is parallel to the bench’s horizontal axis
- plane, containing lamp’s optical axis and lamp axis (cap down) is vertical
- distance is measured from the centre of the filament
- only the light passing through the opening (see Fig. 4) in the mask is measured

For a measurement of the luminous intensity values the assigned distances vary depending on the
effective location of the beginning of the light path within the filament of the lamps. Therefore, at
PTB all luminous intensity measurements were carried out in a (large) distance of 5.5 m between
the plane associated with the filament and the limiting aperture of the photometer. In most cases
additional readings at reduced distances were taken to find out the sensitivity coefficient for a
translation in the direction of the bench’s optical axis. These coefficients are used for the evaluation
of uncertainty as well as for a correction between the different measurements conditions, if needed.
However, it turns out - as expected - that the influence is negligible under the conditions realized at
PTB (distances 3 m to 7 m and apertures 10 mm to 30 mm in diameter; which corresponds to solid
angels between 1.6·10-6 sr and 79·10-6 sr).

Electrical power supply and measurements:

The lamps are operated with constant DC-currents and the values are selected for a distribution
temperature of about 2800 K. Every individual lamp is operated for a period of 15 minutes at
nominal current before the measurement starts to warm up and to allow for the stabilization of its
luminous output.

- the quantity to be set is constant DC current


- negative polarity connected to central contact
- lamp voltage is measured with two separate contacts, "four-pole-technique".

Stray-light reduction

The room for the measurements is divided by the rolling gate in two parts, one room for the lamp
and a second room for measurement with the photometer bench (see Fig.3) ensuring large distances
to the walls, ceiling and the floor. All sources of light except the lamp standard are switched off
during measurement.
A light trap more than 1 m behind the lamp reduces the back reflected stray light. Baffles with
various openings are placed on the photometer bench such that light illuminates neither the rails nor
the room for measurements. The Fig. 6 gives an impression how baffles look like and are placed.
The land of a baffle if illuminated originates a relative stray-light of 10-5 which is corrected
numerically. The box with the photometer carousel screens the photometer heads from any side-
direction and a baffle with adjustable opening limits the field of view for the photometers. The
illuminated entrance window of the photometer head reflects back and would illuminate the lamp.
This is avoided by a minimal tilting just to direct the spot onto the baffles in between.

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Fig. 6: Baffles with variable openings and


flexible locations for stray-light reduction on the
Photometer bench. The coating is diffuse and
spectrally neutral reflecting with maximum
reflectance of 5%.

Traceability chain and date of last realization

The luminous intensity unit at PTB is realized annually. The last realization was carried out in
December 2013. The traceability chain at PTB (see Fig. 7) starts with the cryogenic radiometer to
establish the unit of spectral radiant power, which is used to determine the spectral power
responsivity of trap detectors. Using a uniform source based on tunable lasers and trap detectors
with precision apertures, the responsivity with respect to optical power is transferred into a spectral
irradiance resonsivity, and, in a second step, using V(λ)-corrected photometers, into the photometric
responsivity. Parallel to this step, filtered detectors are calibrated to determine the temperature of a
high temperature Black-Body radiator, used to provide the relative spectral distribution of transfer
standard lamps at Illuminant A. Using the photometric bench system at PTB, the photometric
responsivity of the calibrated photometers and the relative spectral distribution of the transfer
standard lamps are combined to verify and establish the SI base unit Candela at PTB.

Fig. 7: Traceability chain at PTB

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Parallel to this realization of the Candela, the unit Candela is also maintained at PTB since
introduction of the new definition of the Candela in 1979 using a set of 17 Toshiba lamps operating
at a distribution temperature of 2042 K, a set of 5 Toshiba lamps at 2353 K and 6 OSRAM WI41/G
at 2600 K, and additional 12 OSRAM WI41/G lamps separated in two groups working at a
distribution temperature of 2800 K, close to CIE-Illuminant A (see Fig. 8).

Fig. 8: Maintenance of the unit Candela by the luminous intensity lamps operated at various
distribution temperatures.

Due to the different but very low aging rates of the various groups of lamps, which are only
operated for traceability check once a year, the uncertainty of the preserved magnitude of the unit
defined by this network of lamp groups is well below 1·10-3 (k = 1). The preserved quantity,
together with the realized quantity via the detector based traceability chain finally establish official
magnitude of the unit Candela of PTB with an uncertainty of 1.02·10-3 (k = 1). The magnitude of
the unit is then disseminated by PTB by transfer standard lamps and transfer standard detectors with
an uncertainty of typically 3.6·10-3 (k = 2).

References:

[1] Erb, W., Sauter, G., PTB network for realization and maintenance of the candela, Metrologia,
1997, 34, 115-124
[2] Georg Sauter, Detlef Lindner, Matthias Lindemann, CCPR Key Comparisons K3a of Luminous
Intensity and K4 of Luminous Flux with Lamps as Transfer Standards, PTB Bericht,
PTB-Opt-62, 1999.

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Appendix A.5
Uncertainty Budget
(Example)

The following example of the complete measurement budget is based on the document
“CIE 198-SP1:2011”. The explanations for all entries are given in that document and the
values are taken out of the quality management system of the photometry laboratory except
those which are found from the measurement of the individual lamps. The measurement
uncertainty in line 35 is stated as standard measurement uncertainty. It has been
determined in accordance with the “Evaluation of measurement data – Guide to the
Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement; JCGM 100:2008”.
CIE E 13 Calibration of a luminous intensity standard (source based) manual entries are blue colored

corS 1 = (1 + 2 ∆d S1 d PS + α S1 ∆TaS1 + hS 1 (ϑS1 ) + k S1 (ϕ S1 ) − γ S1 ∆t S1 )


corSR = (1 + 2 ∆ d SR d PS + α SR ∆ Ta SR + hSR (ϑ SR ) + kSR (ϕ SR ) − γ SR ∆t SR )
Model

mP m P ⋅m TS 1 − m IS1 − m P ⋅m TSR + m IS R
y PS1  TdC 1   c J ⋅ U JS1   cJ ⋅ U JSR  corSR
I CS1 = I C SR      
y P SR  Td CR   J C1 ⋅ RJ   J CR ⋅ RJ  corS1

Abs. stand. Abs olute Abs olute Relative


No Quantity Sym bol Value uncertainty Type DOF sens itivity contribution contribution
xi u(xi ) vi ci ui ( y) u rel,i ( y)
Xi
1 amb.temp. difference [°C] ∆TaS 1 0.0 0.50 B 50 0.0002 0.00010 0.00010
2 rel.temp.coeff. [1/K] αS 1 0.0002 0.00020 B ∞ 0.0000 0.00000 0.00000
3 angular tilt [1] hS 1(ϑS 1 ) 0.0 0.00089 B ∞ 1.0000 0.00089 0.00089
4 angular turn [1] kS 1(ϕS1 ) 0.0 0.00020 B ∞ 1.0000 0.00020 0.00020
5 relative distance variation [1] ∆d S1 d P S 0.0 0.00030 B ∞ 2.0000 0.00060 0.00060
6 rel.aging coeff. [1/h] γ S1 0.0003 0.00020 B ∞ -0.1000 -0.00002 -0.00002
7 burning time [h] ∆tS 1 0.10 0 B ∞
8 correct. factor source [1] corS1 1.0000 14641000 0.0011 0.0011
9 amb.temp. difference REF [°C] ∆TaS R 0.0 0.5 B 50 0.00025 0.00012 0.00012
10 rel.temp.coeff. REF [1/K] αS R 0.00025 0.00025 B ∞ 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000
11 angular tilt REF [1] hS R (ϑS R ) 0.0 0.00020 B ∞ 1.00000 0.00020 0.00020
12 angular turn REF [1] kS R (ϕS R ) 0.0 0.00010 B ∞ 1.00000 0.00010 0.00010
13 relative distance variation REF [1] ∆dS R d P S 0.0 0.00010 B ∞ 2.00000 0.00020 0.00020
14 rel.aging coeff. REF [1/h] γ SR 0.00005 0.000050 B ∞ -0.10000 0.00000 0.00000
15 burning time REF [h] ∆tS R 0.10 0 B ∞
16 correct. factor source REF [1] corSR 1.0000 50568 0.00032 0.00032
17 correction factor source REF [1] corSR 1.0000 0.00032 A 1000 238.49 0.07632 0.00032
18 correction factor photometer [1] corS1 1.0000 0.0011 A 1000 -238.50 -0.26235 -0.00110
19 lum inous intensity REF [cd] I C SR 14.756 0.0150 B ∞ 16.1624 0.24244 0.00102
20 mean value photometer signal [V] yP S1 4.22128 0.00040 A 15 56.498 0.02260 0.00009
21 mean value photometer signal [V] yP S R 0.25951 0.000070 A 15 -919.008 -0.06433 -0.00027
22 mean value current [V] U JS 1 0.565030 0.000026 A 30 -2833.72 -0.07368 -0.00031
23 mean value current REF [V] U JSR 0.536020 0.000025 A 30 3076.43 0.07691 0.00032
24 current intens ity exponent [1] m IS 1 6.70 0.30 B ∞ 0.0181 0.00543 0.00002
25 current intens ity exponent REF [1] mI SR 6.90 0.20 B ∞ -0.0219 -0.00437 -0.00002
26 current distrib. temp exponent [1] m TS1 0.68 0.10 B ∞ 0.0004 0.00004 0.00000
27 current distrib. temp exp. REF [1] mTSR 0.72 0.20 B ∞ -0.0004 -0.00009 0.00000
28 dis trib. temperature source [K] TdC 1 2800 20 B ∞ -0.0017 -0.03407 -0.00014
29 dis trib. temperature REF [K] Td C R 2042 10 B ∞ 0.0023 0.02336 0.00010
30 shunt res istor current [ohm] RJ 0.1000129 0.000003 B ∞ -478.83 -0.00144 -0.00001
31 cal. factor current DVM [1] cJ 1.0000 0.000048 B ∞ 47.889 0.00230 0.00001
32 mis match index [1] mP -0.020 0.0025 B ∞ 75.2929 0.18823 0.00079
33 nom inal current of source [A] JC1 5.6500 0
34 nom inal current source REF [A] JCR 5.3600 0 0.00116
35 intensity at nom. Current [cd] IC S 1 238.492 4232 0.43 0.00180

found from approxim ation formula: k = 2.00 0.9 0.0036

variance u dev ( y) = 0.12%


variance uin s t ( y) = 0.14%

Note:
The type A/B evaluation of uncertainties valid for the different quantities is stated above.

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PTB-Answers

to the document CCPR-K3.2014_PDA_P2R1 from 2016-April-13

General Comment 1:

Straylight created by baffles in the light path depends strongly on their shapes and the
construction of the edges and it is not corrected by background subtraction. This yields
similarly for straylight back reflected from the light trap behind the lamp. The effect of
this type of straylight is mostly compensated if luminous intensity lamps are used as
reference standards for the transfer standards within the CCPR comparison as
performed by the PTB. Provided this type of straylight contributes significantly to the
combined uncertainty then it has to be mentioned in the model of evaluation and in the
uncertainty budget. It should be mentioned that the baffles used at the PTB create a
relative straylight < 5 ⋅ 10 −5 . In case the photometer is reference for the calibration of
the luminous intensity standard lamps the uncertainty of the aperture has to be taken
into account and only then the given reference [Metrologia 37, 621 (2000)] is helpful.

General Comment 2:

Usually the photometer´s aperture plane is aligned by help of a mirror and a back
reflected laser beam and any deviation from the perpendicular direction has to be
weighted by the cosine. The effect of this misalignment is mostly compensated if the
mounting of the photometer was unchanged between its calibration as reference and
the transfer to the transfer standards within the CCPR comparison. Provided this
misalignment contributes significantly to the combined uncertainty then it has to be
mentioned in the model of evaluation and in the uncertainty budget.

General Comment 3:

In the Technical Protocol for this CCPR comparison chapter 6.1.1 the GUM is
explicitly claimed as reference for any statement of measurement uncertainty.
Additionally, the chapter 6.1.2 refers to the document CIE 198 as example for
modeling combination and presentation. The protocol itself gives in Appendix A.5 an
example for an abbreviated presentation. Thus, the model of evaluation is an essential
part in the documentation and has to be stated individually by each participant as well
as the complete uncertainty budget from CIE 198 as an intermediate step for the
summarized presentation recommended in Appendix A.5 to simplify the comparison
of individual contributions.

1
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Questions to PTB:

a) According to the GUM all entries in Appendix A.5 are labeled in column 6 with
“A” for “statistical” or “B” for any “other determination”. These types of entries
are combined and listed separately for each lamp. The list was send to the pilot for
an additional explanation and mean values u(A) = 0.12% and u(B) = 0.13% are
indicated. Thus, the combined standard uncertainty for the transfer by only one
lamp is u ( I ) = u (A) 2 + u (B) 2 = 0.18% .

b) At the bottom of the table Appendix A.5 two values labeled udev = 0.12% for
random (“dev” for devise) and uinst = 0.14% for systematic contributions (“inst” for
instrumentation) are included. These numbers, their meaning and the evaluation
are explained in all details in the publication CIE 198-SP1.2:2011 (see
chapter/example 2.13). The combination of these numbers to determine the
uncertainty of the whole batch for the transferred value of intensity is explained in
great detail in CIE 198-SP1.1:2011 example 1.11.

It turns out that the instrumentation for the two rounds at PTB was stable and the
properties of the PTB-transfer-standards (WI41/G) are uniform. A separation in types
A and B or “random” and “systematic” gives no real difference. So, the uncertainty
u(PTB) associated with the luminous intensity value transferred by the batch with a
number of 6 PTB-transfer standards will be determined by the pilot laboratory from
2
u dev
u ( I ) PTB = u inst
2
+ = 0.15%
6

Braunschweig, 2016-April-28

2
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Appendix A.6
Initial & Return measurement at PTB
Lamp-No.: 759
- Final result -

Initial measurement result


Designation Symbol
(as already reported in March 2014)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.65000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 29.1225 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 236.21 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Measurement at Pilot-Laboratory, operating time: 55 min

Return measurement result


Designation Symbol
(June 2015)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.65000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 29.1225 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 236.22 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Operating time at PTB: 37 min

Note: The stated results of the return measurements at PTB include the aging corrections for the
total operating time at the Pilot-Laboratory and at the PTB using the following averaged relative
correction coefficients with associated standard uncertainties:
Lamp voltage +6.0E-5/h with 3.0E-5/h
Luminous intensity +2.5E-4/h with 1.0E-4/h

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Appendix A.6
Initial & Return measurement at PTB
Lamp-No.: 791
- Final result -

Initial measurement result


Designation Symbol
(as already reported in March 2014)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.65000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 29.5643 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 247.55 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Measurement at Pilot-Laboratory, operating time: 55 min

Return measurement result


Designation Symbol
(June 2015)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.65000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 29.5649 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 247.53 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Operating time at PTB: 38 min

Note: The stated results of the return measurements at PTB include the aging corrections for the
total operating time at the Pilot-Laboratory and at the PTB using the following averaged relative
correction coefficients with associated standard uncertainties:
Lamp voltage +6.0E-5/h with 3.0E-5/h
Luminous intensity +2.5E-4/h with 1.0E-4/h

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Appendix A.6
Initial & Return measurement at PTB
Lamp-No.: 793
- Final result -

Initial measurement result


Designation Symbol
(as already reported in March 2014)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.65000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 29.3866 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 245.97 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Measurement at Pilot-Laboratory, operating time: 52 min

Return measurement result


Designation Symbol
(June 2015)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.65000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 29.3867 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 246.00 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Operating time at PTB: 36 min

Note: The stated results of the return measurements at PTB include the aging corrections for the
total operating time at the Pilot-Laboratory and at the PTB using the following averaged relative
correction coefficients with associated standard uncertainties:
Lamp voltage +6.0E-5/h with 3.0E-5/h
Luminous intensity +2.5E-4/h with 1.0E-4/h

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Appendix A.6
Initial & Return measurement at PTB
Lamp-No.: 848
- Final result -

Initial measurement result


Designation Symbol
(as already reported in March 2014)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.70000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 28.5727 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2810 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 228.53 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Measurement at Pilot-Laboratory, operating time: 53 min

Return measurement result


Designation Symbol
(June 2015)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.70000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 28.5712 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2810 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 228.54 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Operating time at PTB: 34 min

Note: The stated results of the return measurements at PTB include the aging corrections for the
total operating time at the Pilot-Laboratory and at the PTB using the following averaged relative
correction coefficients with associated standard uncertainties:
Lamp voltage +6.0E-5/h with 3.0E-5/h
Luminous intensity +2.5E-4/h with 1.0E-4/h

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Appendix A.6
Initial & Return measurement at PTB
Lamp-No.: 851
- Final result -

Initial measurement result


Designation Symbol
(as already reported in March 2014)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.70000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 28.9316 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2815 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 233.49 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Measurement at Pilot-Laboratory, operating time: 57 min

Return measurement result


Designation Symbol
(June 2015)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.70000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 28.9313 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2815 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 233.54 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Operating time at PTB: 34 min

Note: The stated results of the return measurements at PTB include the aging corrections for the
total operating time at the Pilot-Laboratory and at the PTB using the following averaged relative
correction coefficients with associated standard uncertainties:
Lamp voltage +6.0E-5/h with 3.0E-5/h
Luminous intensity +2.5E-4/h with 1.0E-4/h

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Appendix A.6
Initial & Return measurement at PTB
Lamp-No.: 858
- Final result -

Initial measurement result


Designation Symbol
(as already reported in March 2014)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.70000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 28.5610 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 225.12 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Measurement at Pilot-Laboratory, operating time: 54 min

Return measurement result


Designation Symbol
(June 2015)

Lamp current
nominal value JL 5.70000 A

Lamp voltage
value UL 28.5618 V
relative standard uncertainty urel(UL) 0.011 %

Distribution temperature
value Td 2800 K
absolute standard uncertainty u(Td) 20 K

Luminous intensity
value I 225.01 cd
relative standard uncertainty urel(I) 0.18 %

Operating time at PTB: 35 min

Note: The stated results of the return measurements at PTB include the aging corrections for the
total operating time at the Pilot-Laboratory and at the PTB using the following averaged relative
correction coefficients with associated standard uncertainties:
Lamp voltage +6.0E-5/h with 3.0E-5/h
Luminous intensity +2.5E-4/h with 1.0E-4/h

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

VNIIOFI Report

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Appendix A.3 Description of the VNIIOFI measurement facility

The items listed on this form should be used as a guide. It is anticipated that many of the questions
will require more information than the space allocated on this page. Please expand your reply
document as necessary.

Description of measurement geometry (please include a diagram):

Fig.1. Diagram of VNIIOFI facility used for measuring luminous intensity of comparison lamps
within the CCPR-K3.2014 comparison. A – side view; B – top view. 1 – lamp to be measured; 2 –
photometer; 3 – telescope; 4 – alignment laser; 5 – mirror; 6 – lamp socket; lamp alignment mount;
photometer alignment mount; translation stage; 10 - limiting baffle (aperture is 40x45 mm); 11 –
baffle with shutter (aperture is 55x80 mm); 12 – baffle with aperture diameter of 100 mm; 13 –
baffle with aperture diameter of 80 mm; 14 – baffle with aperture diameter of 50 mm; 16 – ruler.

- positions of lamp, detector, bench, shielding, baffles (number, distances and sizes)
A lamp, photometers and baffles stand on a rail inside a light-tight box. On a parallel rail
there is a telescope for aligning a lamp and measuring distance. All side walls of the box are covered
with black velvet cloth. The ceiling and baffles are painted by diffuse black paint.

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Three photometers were used for the comparison. All three were located on a translation
stage perpendicular to the rail. The photometers were pre-aligned before the measurements and then
replaced each other without additional alignment during the measurement.
A laser beam, reflected by a mirror behind the lamp, is used for aligning the lamp and
photometers. The distance from the lamp to the mirror is 550 mm. During measurements the laser
and mirror are shielded by black velvet cloth.
The lamp area is separated from the other box volume by a black velvet curtain. In the plain
of the curtain in front of the lamp filament there is a limiting baffle. The distance between the baffle
and the lamp bulb is 50 mm. The aperture of the baffles is rectangular 40x45 mm (width x height).
There are four additional baffles between the lamp curtain and the photometers. The widths
and heights of the baffles are 400 mm and 510 mm, respectively. Aperture of the baffle nearest to the
curtain is rectangular of 55x80 mm. This baffle is equipped with a shutter. Apertures of other baffles
are round with diameters of (if counted from the lamp to the photometer): 100 mm, 80 mm and 50
mm. The distances: from the curtain to the first baffle is 320 mm; from the first to the second is also
320 mm; from the second to the third is 500 mm; from the photometer to the fourth is 50 mm.

- alignment devices A laser and a telescope


- solid angle of luminous intensity measurements:
- distance of photometer from lamp Approximately 2100 mm
- size of photometer input aperture Round with diameter of 15 mm
- limiting aperture? 40x45 mm (width x height) at the distance of approximately 2050 mm
from the photometer (about 50 mm from the lamp bulb).

Description of measurement procedures.


Four (at least) independent measurement were done for each lamp with total re-alignment of
photometers and lamps. Each independent measurement comprised the following steps:
1) Aligning the photometers using a laser beam;
2) Screwing a lamp into a holder and aligning the lamp;
3) Measuring distance between the lamp and photometers;
4) Turning on the lamp, putting the set current; waiting for 15 minutes;
5) Checking the current, measuring the lamp voltage;
6) Measuring photocurrent of the first photometer, then closing the stutter and measuring
the dark current. 25 reading were taken for both “light” current and dark current;
7) Replacing the photometer and in turn measuring photocurrent and dark of the second and
third photometers;
8) Turning off the lamp. Replace the lamp. Repeat 2) – 7) for all lamps.

Make and type of the photometer (or equivalent). LMP Photometerhead of the P150T type with
LMT photocurrent meter of the I1000 type

Operating conditions of the lamps:


- geometrical alignment
- definitions of defined point and reference plane at the lamp
- for Osram lamps with center filament supports, which center filament
support type is used for the alignment (see Figure Two and Section 4.4.8.)
We used the type called “Center Filament Support #1”
- alignment procedure
- is the filament at room temperature or glowing for the alignment?

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At room temperature
- alignment jig? If so, how is it used? No jig was used.
- size and position of limiting aperture
40x45 mm (width x height) at the distance of approximately 2050 mm from the
photometer (about 50 mm from the lamp bulb). This aperture is smaller that the lamp window.

- electrical polarity, current, voltage for each traveling standard


Positive polarity on the thread of the lamp base:

“+” mark

THREAD
of the base

Lamp # Current, A CCT, K Voltage, V


N 01 5,880 2855,8 30.419
N 02 5,900 2854,1 30.647
N 03 5,920 2853,6 30.594
N 04 5,870 2856,6 30.487
3281 5,880 2853,9 29.952
3282 5,800 2854,3 30.547

- length of warm-up time for each lamp before measurements are taken
15 minutes
- measured CCT (or Distribution Temperature or Colour Temperature, see Section 3.5).
See the table above

- stray-light reduction
No correction for stray-light was done

Description of calibration laboratory conditions: e.g. temperature, humidity etc.


Temperature varied from 21.8 ºC to 23 ºC during the first round and from 21.4 ºC to 22.6 ºC during
the second round
Humidity was about 30% during the first round, but did not measured during the second one.

Laboratory transfer standards used:


- type of transfer standards and traceability to primary scale
Three photometers of LMT P150T type, # 31, #32 and #131.

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Establishment or traceability route of primary scale including date of last realisation and uncertainty
budget.

Primary scale was realized using a high-temperature blackbody. Luminous intensity of the
blackbody calculated as
I BB = ε ⋅ A ⋅ K cd ⋅ ∫ Lλ,BB (λ , TBB ) ⋅ V (λ )dλ (1)

where
K cd is the luminous efficacy, equals to 683 cd·sr/W
V (λ ) is the photopic luminous efficiency function,
Lλ,BB (λ , TBB ) is the ideal blackbody spectral radiance,
TBB is the blackbody temperature,
ε is the blackbody emissivity and
A is an area of the blackbody aperture.

The temperature of the blackbody was approximately 2856 K. The exact temperature was measured
by a radiation thermometer, which was calibrated against three high-temperature fixed points: Co-C
(1597 K), Re-C (2748 K) and WC-C (3021 K). The fixed points were earlier measured by means of
comparison with the copper fixed point (1357.77 K) in according with the ITS-90. The standard
uncertainty of blackbody temperature measurement was 0.5 K.

The emissivity of the blackbody was estimated using the Monte-Carlo based software STEEP3. as
0.9995 with standard uncertainty of 0.0002.

A water-cooled bronze aperture was used with approximate diameter of 8 mm. The exact value of an
average diameter measure with standard uncertainty of 1.5 µm.

Responsivities of the photometers to the Type A source were measured against the blackbody and
equals:
iphot
s v,phot = ⋅M
g ⋅ (I BB l 2 )
(2)

where

M =
∫ Lλ,BB (λ , TA ) ⋅ sreλ,phot (λ )dλ ⋅ ∫ Lλ,BB (λ , TBB ) ⋅ V (λ )dλ (3)
∫ Lλ,BB (λ , TA ) ⋅ V (λ )dλ ∫ Lλ,BB (λ , TBB ) ⋅ sreλ,phot (λ )dλ
M – Spectral mismatch correction factor;
s rel,phot (l ) – Relative spectral responsivity of the photometer;
TA = 2856 K;
l – Distance between the photometer and the blackbody aperture was about 720 mm;
g – Geometry correction depends on sizes of apertures and the distance.

Because the temperature of the blackbody agreed with TA = 2856 K within 2K only, the difference of
M from the unit and its uncertainty were negligible (less than 0.005%).

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Uncertainty budget of the photometer calibration:

Luminous Intensity
Source of uncertainty
standard uncertainty, %
Blackbody temperature (0.5 K) 0.16
Blackbody uniformity 0.03
Blackbody stability (0.03 K) 0.01
Emissivity 0.02
Aperture size (1.5 µm) 0.04
Distance (0.1 mm) 0.03
Stray light 0.04
Repeatability of measurement
0.08
(with independent alignment)
Combined Standard
0.19
Uncertainty

The last realization and calibration of the photometers was done in December 2013 (one month
before the first round measurements of the K3 lamps).

Contact person: Boris Khlevnoy


NMI: VNIIOFI
Date: 25 November 2015
Signature:

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: N 01

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test. alignment. OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Preliminary total burn time of the lamp was about 2 hour
26.12.13 12:15 Annealing 18:05 5:50 5.890 30.613 ССК
27.12.13 09:00 Annealing 15:15 6:15 5.890 30.607 ССК
13.01.14 11:00 CCT measurement 13:55 2:55 5.8520 30.238 ССК
14.01.14 11:00 CCT measurement 13:20 2:20 5.8700 30.412 ССК
29.01.14 11:10 Measurement 11:50 0:40 5.8800 30.420 ЕВМ
30.01.14 15:50 Measurement 16:30 0:40 5.8800 30.420 ЕВМ
04.02.14 14:12 Measurement 14:52 0:40 5.8800 30.420 ЕВМ
07.02.14 10:43 Measurement 11:18 0:35 5.8800 30.417 ЕВМ
17.02.14 15:22 Measurement 15:46 0:24 5.8800 30.418 ЕВМ

30.03.15 14:10 Measurement 14:38 0:28 5.8800 ЕВМ


31.03.15 13:37 Measurement 14:07 0:30 5.8800 ЕВМ
01.04.15 13:43 Measurement 14:13 0:30 5.8800 30.413 ЕВМ
02.04.15 16:20 Measurement 16:50 0:30 5.8800 30.414 ЕВМ

Participant: VNIIOFI (Russia)


Date: 27.11.2015
Signature: /Boris Khlevnoy/

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 162 of 181
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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: N 02

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test. alignment. OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Preliminary total burn time of the lamp was about 2 hour
26.12.13 12:40 Annealing 18:05 5:35 5.900 30.753 ССК
27.12.13 09:15 Annealing 15:15 6:00 5.900 30.737 ССК
13.01.14 14:15 CCT measurement 16:20 2:05 5.8950 30.686 ССК
29.01.14 13:30 Measurement 14:08 0:38 5.9000 30.650 ЕВМ
31.01.14 11:15 Measurement 11:50 0:35 5.9000 30.646 ЕВМ
04.02.14 11:03 Measurement 11:38 0:35 5.9000 30.645 ЕВМ
07.02.14 13:48 Measurement 14:21 0:27 5.9000 30.646 ЕВМ

30.03.15 14:50 Measurement 15:20 0:30 5.9000 ЕВМ


31.03.15 14:20 Measurement 14:52 0:32 5.9000 ЕВМ
01.04.15 14:25 Measurement 14:55 0:30 5.9000 30.638 ЕВМ
03.04.15 10:07 Measurement 10:37 0:30 5.9000 30.635 ЕВМ

Participant: VNIIOFI (Russia)


Date: 27.11.2015
Signature: /Boris Khlevnoy/

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: N 03

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test. alignment. OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Preliminary total burn time of the lamp was about 2 hour
30.12.13 10:00 Annealing 15:45 5:45 5.880 30.321 ССК
09.01.14 10:35 Annealing 17:10 6:35 5.880 30.304 ССК
14.01.14 13:55 CCT measurement 17:00 3:05 5.9140 30.627 ССК
29.01.14 14:30 Measurement 15:08 0:38 5.9200 30.600 ЕВМ
31.01.14 13:23 Measurement 14:00 0:37 5.9200 30.595 ЕВМ
03.02.14 16:20 Measurement 16:55 0:35 5.9200 30.594 ЕВМ
04.02.14 15:10 Measurement 15:50 0:40 5.9200 30.594 ЕВМ
06.02.14 11:15 Measurement 11:55 0:40 5.9200 30.592 ЕВМ
17.02.14 13:57 Measurement 14:40 0:43 5.9200 30.593 ЕВМ

30.03.15 15:22 Measurement 15:57 0:35 5.9200 ЕВМ


31.03.15 15:40 Measurement 16:12 0:32 5.9200 ЕВМ
01.04.15 15:12 Measurement 15:42 0:30 5.9200 30.584 ЕВМ
03.04.15 10:48 Measurement 11:16 0:28 5.9200 30.583 ЕВМ

Participant: VNIIOFI (Russia)


Date: 27.11.2015
Signature: /Boris Khlevnoy/

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 164 of 181
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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: N 04

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test. alignment. OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Preliminary total burn time of the lamp was about 2 hour
30.12.13 10:00 Annealing 15:45 5:45 5.880 30.658 ССК
09.01.14 10:35 Annealing 17:10 6:35 5.880 30.668 ССК
15.01.14 11:35 CCT measurement 13:00 1:25 5.8600 30.477 ССК
30.01.14 11:10 Measurement 11:45 0:35 5.8700 30.487 ЕВМ
31.01.14 14:25 Measurement 15:00 0:35 5.8700 30.486 ЕВМ
03.02.14 14:35 Measurement 15:10 0:35 5.8700 30.490 ЕВМ
06.02.14 14:35 Measurement 15:10 0:35 5.8700 30.487 ЕВМ

30.03.15 16:13 Measurement 16:41 0:28 5.8700 ЕВМ


31.03.15 16:30 Measurement 17:00 0:30 5.8700 ЕВМ
01.04.15 16:15 Measurement 16:43 0:28 5.8700 30.485 ЕВМ
03.04.15 13:10 Measurement 13:40 0:30 5.8700 30.485 ЕВМ

Participant: VNIIOFI (Russia)


Date: 27.11.2015
Signature: /Boris Khlevnoy/

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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 3281

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test. alignment. OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Preliminary total burn time of the lamp was about 2 hour
26.12.13 12:10 Annealing 17:20 5:10 5.880 29.953 ЕВМ
27.12.13 07:55 Annealing 13:00 5:05 5.880 29.946 ЕВМ
10.01.14 11:45 CCT measurement 14:05 2:20 5.8750 29.996 ССК
28.01.14 11:10 Measurement 11:48 0:38 5.8800 29.952 ЕВМ
28.01.14 14:10 Measurement 14:58 0:48 5.8800 29.951 ЕВМ
30.01.14 13:30 Measurement 14:15 0:45 5.8800 29.951 ЕВМ
03.02.14 10:53 Measurement 11:34 0:41 5.8800 29.953 ЕВМ
05.02.14 11:30 Measurement 12:05 0:35 5.8800 29.951 ЕВМ

30.03.15 10:45 Measurement 11:15 0:30 5.8800 ЕВМ


31.03.15 10:20 Measurement 10:54 0:34 5.8800 ЕВМ
01.04.15 11:28 Measurement 11:58 0:30 5.8800 29.944 ЕВМ
02.04.15 13:52 Measurement 14:22 0:30 5.8800 29.943 ЕВМ

Participant: VNIIOFI (Russia)


Date: 27.11.2015
Signature: /Boris Khlevnoy/

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 166 of 181
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Appendix A.4 Record of lamp operating time

Lamp number: 3282

Lamp Activity/Comments Lamp Burn Lamp Lamp


Operator
Date ON (test. alignment. OFF time Current Voltage
initials
time measurement) time (hrs) (amperes) (volts)
Preliminary total burn time of the lamp was about 2 hour
27.12.13 13:45 Annealing 18:20 3:35 5.800 30.548 ЕВМ
09.01.14 10:40 Annealing 16:40 6:00 5.800 30.540 ЕВМ
10.01.14 10:50 Annealing 13:50 3:00 5.800 30.535 ЕВМ
10.01.14 14:25 CCT measurement 16:20 1:55 5.7900 30.543 ССК
28.01.14 16:10 Measurement 16:45 0:35 5.8000 30.547 ЕВМ
30.01.14 14:35 Measurement 15:12 0:37 5.8000 30.547 ЕВМ
03.02.14 13:45 Measurement 14:20 0:35 5.8000 30.551 ЕВМ
06.02.14 15:30 Measurement 16:00 0:30 5.8000 30.546 ЕВМ

30.03.15 13:30 Measurement 13:58 0:28 5.8000 ЕВМ


31.03.15 11:10 Measurement 11:44 0:34 5.8000 ЕВМ
01.04.15 11:12 Measurement 11:40 0:28 5.8000 30.541 ЕВМ
02.04.15 14:35 Measurement 15:02 0:28 5.8000 30.542 ЕВМ

Participant: VNIIOFI (Russia)


Date: 27.11.2015
Signature: /Boris Khlevnoy/

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 167 of 181
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Appendix A.5 Sample Measurement Uncertainty Budget

Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty


Measurement Parameter Type in luminous intensity
(A or B) (%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of working standards
- Photometers of LMT P150T type B 0.19
Electrical
- standard resistor B 0.002
- voltmeter B 0.07
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.001
- linearity B 0.01
- distance B 0.05
Environment
- stray light B 0.1
- temperature / humidity B 0.02
Lamp alignment (systematic component) B 0.03
Discrepancy between photometers (systematic) B 0.04
Stability of photometers* B 0.07
RMS total systematic effects:
1st Round 0.24
2st Round 0.25

Random effects**:
Electrical parameters:
- power supply fluctuations, upsf B 0.02
Photometer noise (25 readings), unoise A 0.001
Discrepancy between three photometers (random), upd A 0.05
Independent measurement reproducibility *** , urep A 0.05

RMS total random effects****: 0.06

RMS total standard uncertainty:


1st Round 0.25
2st Round 0.26

* For the second round only


** Standard deviations varied from set to set and from lamp to lamp. Typical values are presented in
the table.
*** Each independent measurement was done with total re-alignment of a lamp and the
photometers. Random effect associated with independent measurement reproducibility comprises
several random effects: lamp alignment, photometer alignment, random error in distance
measurement, lamp fluctuation.

**** Uncertainty associated with reproducibility (urep) partly includes uncertainties associated with
other random effects. Therefore, the Total random uncertainty is calculated as

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 168 of 181
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uTotal ,Random = u rep


2
+ (u pd
2
+ u noise
2
+ u psf
2
)/n
where n = 4 – the typical number of independent measurements

Measurement parameters given in this table are suggested. Please modify and itemize according to
your particular situation. See Section 6.2 for explanation of the various items.
Note that if lamps are used as the laboratory working standards, a group of uncertainties would need
to be included in the above table to account for their behaviour.
The RMS total refers to the usual square root of the sum of the squares of all the individual
uncertainty terms.

Contact person: Boris Khlevnoy


NMI: VNIIOFI
Date: 25 November 2015
Signature:

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 169 of 181
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NMI: VNIIOFI

Lamp# Measurement# Date Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT Luminous Intensity (cd)
Round# Set# Meas#PerSet Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Standard Uncertainty (%)
Random Systematic final

3281 1 1 25 2014-Jan-28 5.8800 29.952 2853.9 273.23 0.05 0.22


1 2 25 2014-Jan-30 5.8800 29.951 273.33 0.05 0.22
1 3 25 2014-Feb-03 5.8800 29.953 273.88 0.05 0.22
1 4 25 2014-Feb-05 5.8800 29.951 273.50 0.05 0.22
Average 5.8800 29.952 273.48 0.06 0.24 0.25

2 1 25 2015-Mar-30 5.8800 275.76 0.05 0.23


2 2 25 2015-Mar-31 5.8800 274.81 0.05 0.23
2 3 25 2015-Apr-01 5.8800 29.944 274.87 0.05 0.23
2 4 25 2015-Apr-02 5.8800 29.943 274.82 0.05 0.23
Average 5.8800 29.943 275.06 0.06 0.25 0.26

3282 1 1 25 2014-Jan-28 5.8000 30.547 2854.3 276.97 0.05 0.22


1 2 25 2014-Jan-30 5.8000 30.547 276.89 0.05 0.22
1 3 25 2014-Feb-03 5.8000 30.550 276.65 0.05 0.22
1 4 25 2014-Feb-06 5.8000 30.546 276.95 0.05 0.22
Average 5.8000 30.547 276.87 0.06 0.24 0.25

2 1 25 2015-Mar-30 5.8000 277.07 0.05 0.23


2 2 25 2015-Mar-31 5.8000 277.24 0.05 0.23
2 3 25 2015-Apr-01 5.8000 30.541 276.70 0.05 0.23
2 4 25 2015-Apr-02 5.8000 30.542 276.49 0.05 0.23
Average 5.8000 30.541 276.88 0.06 0.25 0.26

N 01 1 1 25 2014-Jan-29 5.8800 30.419 2855.8 287.01 0.05 0.22


1 2 25 2014-Jan-30 5.8800 30.420 286.99 0.05 0.22
1 3 25 2014-Feb-04 5.8800 30.420 287.37 0.05 0.22
1 4 25 2014-Feb-07 5.8800 30.417 287.37 0.05 0.22
Average 5.8800 30.419 287.19 0.06 0.24 0.25

2 1 25 2015-Mar-30 5.8800 286.77 0.05 0.23


2 2 25 2015-Mar-31 5.8800 286.26 0.05 0.23
2 3 25 2015-Apr-01 5.8800 30.413 286.75 0.05 0.23
2 4 25 2015-Apr-02 5.8800 30.414 286.38 0.05 0.23
Average 5.8800 30.413 286.54 0.06 0.25 0.26

N 02 1 1 25 2014-Jan-29 5.9000 30.650 2854.1 286.07 0.05 0.22


1 2 25 2014-Jan-31 5.9000 30.647 285.80 0.05 0.22
1 3 25 2014-Feb-04 5.9000 30.645 286.02 0.05 0.22
1 4 25 2014-Feb-07 5.9000 30.646 285.63 0.05 0.22
Average 5.9000 30.647 285.88 0.06 0.24 0.25

2 1 25 2015-Mar-30 5.9000 285.61 0.05 0.23


2 2 25 2015-Mar-31 5.9000 284.89 0.05 0.23
2 3 25 2015-Apr-01 5.9000 30.638 285.39 0.05 0.23
2 4 25 2015-Apr-03 5.9000 30.635 284.85 0.05 0.23
Average 5.9000 30.637 285.18 0.06 0.25 0.26

N 03 1 1 25 2014-Jan-29 5.9200 30.600 2853.6 283.81 0.05 0.22


1 2 25 2014-Jan-31 5.9200 30.595 285.21 0.05 0.22
1 3 25 2014-Feb-03 5.9200 30.594 285.25 0.05 0.22
1 4 25 2014-Feb-04 5.9200 30.594 284.10 0.05 0.22
5 25 2014-Feb-06 5.9200 30.592 284.77 0.05 0.22
6 25 2014-Feb-17 5.9200 30.593 283.92 0.05 0.22
Average 5.9200 30.594 284.51 0.06 0.24 0.25

2 1 25 2015-Mar-30 5.9200 283.73 0.05 0.23


2 2 25 2015-Mar-31 5.9200 284.04 0.05 0.23
2 3 25 2015-Apr-01 5.9200 30.584 283.64 0.05 0.23
2 4 25 2015-Apr-03 5.9200 30.583 283.35 0.05 0.23
Average 5.9200 30.583 283.69 0.06 0.25 0.26

N 04 1 1 25 2014-Jan-28 5.8700 30.487 2856.6 284.27 0.05 0.22


1 2 25 2014-Jan-30 5.8700 30.486 284.32 0.05 0.22
1 3 25 2014-Feb-03 5.8700 30.490 283.76 0.05 0.22
1 4 25 2014-Feb-05 5.8700 30.487 283.79 0.05 0.22
Average 5.8700 30.487 284.04 0.06 0.24 0.25

2 1 25 2015-Mar-30 5.8700 284.23 0.05 0.23


2 2 25 2015-Mar-31 5.8700 284.11 0.05 0.23
2 3 25 2015-Apr-01 5.8700 30.485 284.23 0.05 0.23
2 4 25 2015-Apr-03 5.8700 30.485 283.62 0.05 0.23
Average 5.8700 30.485 284.05 0.06 0.25 0.26
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 170 of 181
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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NIST Report

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 171 of 181
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report UNITEO STATES OEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Gaithersbur g, Maryland 20888-

REPORT OF CALIBRATION
Luminous Intensity and Co lor Temperature Standard Lamps

Six incandescent lamps mode l Wi4 1/G manufactured by Osram Inc.


with the designations NTST20 I 00, NIST20 I 01, NIST20 102, N IST20 I 03,
NIST20 I 04, and NTST20 I 05

Submitted to :

1 ational Research Co unci I of Canada


Attn.: Dr. Arno ld Gaertner
Measurement Science and Standards
1200 Montreal Road. Building M36
Ottawa, Ontario. Canada KIA OR6

1. Calibration Item
Six incandescent lamps model Wi41 /G manufactured by Osram Inc. were calibrated for correlated
color temperature and for luminous intensity. The lamp designations NIST20 100, NIST20 101 ,
NIST20 102, NIST20 103, NIST20 l 04, and NIST20 105 are marked on the lamp base.

2. Description of the Ca libr-ation


The luminous intensity measurement is based on the IST detector-based candela scale realized
in 20 13 and 20 15 and therefore on the internati onal defini tion of the candela in effect since 1979.
The color temperature measurement is based on the international temperature scale of 1990 (ITS-
90). The details of the IST luminous intensity unit and the color temperature scale are described
in Section 3. 1 and 7.2 ofreference [!].
All Wi4 1/G lamps are operated vvith base down orientation as described in the CCPR-K3 -20 14
protocol. The center contact of the lamp base must be connected to the negative output terminal of
a DC power supply. The ali gnment reference for NIST Wi41 i/G lamps is sl ightly different as that
described in the CCPR-K3-20 14 protoco l. The proced ure below must be used to align the NIST
Wi4 1/G lamps fo r measurement o f luminous intensity. This procedure refers to the coordinate
system descri bed in the CCPR-K3-20 14 protoco l (Figure I).
(1) Focus the end telescope on the filament. Rotate the lamp about X axis and adjust the lamp
position along Y ax is and Z axis so that the lamp fil ament is vertical and centered on the optical
axis (as shown in Figure 2, the same procedure as that in the protocol).

Cal ibration Date: August 14, 20 15


NIST Test No.: 20 15CCPR-K3-F Pagelof6

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A


NlSI
Appendix A Page 172 of 181
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report
REPORT OF CALIBRATION Manufacturer: Osram
Luminous Intensity and Color Temperature Calibration Model: Wi41/G
National Research Council of Canada Designation: NIST20 100, NIST201 01,
NIST20 102, NIST20103, IST20104, and NIST20105

z
Vert1cal ax1s
Coordinate
System

X
Opt1ca1 ax1s

Osram Wi 41 /G
filament
Figure 1 - Lamp filament and coordinate system, shown with the Osram Wi41 /G filament

'L y
w

Cen ter (w/2)

u
Center Fi lament Support #1
Figure 2- Osram Wi41 /G fi lament defined point: Center
(2) Focus the side telescope on the right filament post (viewing the lamp from the photometer).
Rotate the lamp about Y axis and adjust the lamp position along X axis so that the right filament
post is aligned exactly on the vertical fiducial line (the red line in Figure 3) in the side telescope.
(3) Focus the side telescope on the left filament post. Note the image of the left filan1ent is not so
clear but you can still tell when the telescope is focused on the left post by adj usting the focus back
and forward near the left filament post. Rotate the lan1p about Z axis and adjust the lamp position
along X axis so that the left post is also on the vertical fiducial line in the side telescope.
(4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 unti l both right and left fi lan1ent posts are aligned onto the vertical fiducial
line in the side telescope.
(5) Double check if all aligmnents are good by repeating steps 1, 2, 3 and 4.
(6) Focus the side telescope on the right side lamp filament (viewing the lamp from the
photometer). Adjust the lamp position along X axis so that the distance reference point (the
intersection point between the right side filament and the right lamp post) is aligned onto the
vertical fiducial line (the distance origin) as shown in Figure 4.

Calibration Date: August 14, 20 15


NIST Test No.: 2015CCPR-K3-F Page 2 of6

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 173 of 181
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report
REPORT OF CALIBRATION Manufacturer: Osran1
Luminous Intensity and Color Temperature Calibration Model: Wi41/G
National Research Council of Canada Designation: NIST20 100, NIST20 101,
NIST20102, NIST20103, NIST20104, and NIST201 05

Figure 3 - Alignment of the right filament post onto the vertical fiducial line

Distance
reference point

Figure 4 - Alignment of the distance reference point of the lamp onto the vertical fiducial line

The room temperature was 23 °C and relative humidity was approximately 47% at the times of
calibration. The equipment and the details of the calibration procedures of the luminous intensity
and color temperature measurements are described in Section 3 and Section 7 of reference [ 1].

3. Results of the Calibration


The results of the before and after calibrations are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The relative
expanded uncertainty (with coverage factor k=2) of the lwninous intensity value is 0.50 %, which
includes the reproducibility of the test lamp. The uncertainty budget is shown in Table 3. The

Calibration Date: August 14, 20 15


NIST Test No.: 20 15CCPR-K3-F Page 3 of6

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 174 of 181
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report
REPORT OF CALIBRATION Manufacturer: Osram
Luminous Intensity and Color Temperature Calibration Model: Wi41/G
National Research Council of Canada Designation: NIST20100, NIST20101,
NIST20102, NIST20103, NIST20104, and NIST20105

expanded uncertainty (k=2) of the color temperature value is 8 K as shown in Table 18 (page 60)
of reference [1]. The NIST policy on uncertainty statements is described in reference [2].

Table 1. Results of Calibration for April 7th, 2014


Lamp Current Voltage* Color Luminous Std Burning
No. DC DC Temperature Intensity Dev Time
[A] [V] [K] [cd] [%] [min]
NIST20100 5.822 30.27 2855 283.0 0.10 90
NIST20101 5.918 30.60 2856 287.3 0.14 89
NIST20102 5.905 30.44 2855 288.5 0.08 91
NIST20103 5.877 30.51 2858 286.6 0.08 93
NIST20104 5.683 30.70 2858 272.7 0.08 91
NIST20105 5.922 30.59 2859 291.4 0.12 87

*Voltage is for reference only.

Table 2. Results of Calibration for August 14th, 2015


Lamp Current Voltage* Color Luminous Std Burning
No. DC DC Temperature Intensity Dev Time
[A] [V] [K] [cd] [%] [min]
NIST20100 5.822 30.26 2853 282.6 0.01 70
NIST20101 5.918 30.60 2855 287.5 0.12 67
NIST20102 5.905 30.43 2854 288.3 0.17 75
NIST20103 5.877 30.50 2856 285.9 0.09 65
NIST20104 5.683 30.70 2857 272.2 0.08 65
NIST20105 5.922 30.59 2857 290.8 0.06 64

*Voltage is for reference only.

4. General Information
The lamp should be carefully aligned in accordance with the procedures described above. The
lamp should be operated on DC power at the reported current and at the prescribed polarity.
Photometric measurements should be made at least 10 minutes after turning on. The uncertainty
value is valid only for distances larger than 2 m.

Calibration Date: August 14, 2015


NIST Test No.: 2015CCPR-K3-F Page 4 of6

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 175 of 181
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report
REPORT OF CALIBRATION Manufacturer: Osram
Luminous Intensity and Color Temperature Cal ibration Model: Wi41 /G
National Research Council of Canada Designation: NIST20 100, N IST20 10 I ,
N IST20 102, N IST20103, NIST20104, and N IST20 105

The customer should take the uncertainty associated with the aging of the lamp and the calibration
cycle into account.
The Calibration Report shall not be reproduced except in full , w ithout the written approval of
NIST.

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

0(1>f/~
t~~nf ~
Sensor Science Divis ion
Maria Nadal
Sensor Science Division
Physical Measurement Laboratory Physical Measurement Laboratory
(301) 975-2332 (30 1) 975-4632

Approved by:

t ~~
C. Cameron Miller
For the Director,
National Institute of Standards and Technology
(301) 975-4713

References:
[1] Y. Ohno, N IST Special Publication 250-37 "Photometric Calibration" (1997)
[2] B. N. Taylor and C. E. Kuyatt, "Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the
Uncertainty ofNIST Measurement Results," N IST Technical Note 1297 ( 1994).

Calibration Date: August 14, 2015


NIST Test No.: 20 15CCPR-K3-F Page 5 of6

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix A Appendix A Page 176 of 181
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report
REPORT OF CALIBRATION Manufacturer: Osram
Luminous Intensity and Color Temperature Calibration Model: Wi41/G
National Research Council of Canada Designation: NIST20100, NIST20101,
NIST20102, NIST20103, NIST20104, and NIST20105

Table 3. Uncertainty budget for this luminous intensity calibration


Relative
Uncertainty factor Type standard
uncertainty (%)
NIST illuminance unit realization B 0.20
Long-term Drift of the NIST photometers B 0.08
Photometer temperature variation A 0.02
Distance measurement B 0.01
Alignment of the lamp distance A 0.10
Determination of smcj* B 0.02
Lamp current regulation and measUFement A 0.01
Stray Light B 0.03
Random noise A 0.05
Deviation from inverse square law A 0.05
Combined uncertainty 0.25
Expanded uncertainty (/r-2) 0.50

Calibration Date: August 14, 2015


NIST Test No.: 2015CCPR-K3-F Page 6 of6

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity
Final Report

Appendix A

NRC Report

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NRC Report

Six Osram Wi41/G lamps were used at the pilot (NRC) laboratory to represent the NRC luminous
intensity scale for the comparison. These lamps are the six primary Osram Wi41/G lamps that were
calibrated from room temperature absolute radiometers as described in our paper:
L.P. Boivin, A.A. Gaertner, and D.S. Gignac Realization of the New Candela (1979) at NRC,
Metrologia 24, 139-152 (1987).

As described in this paper, the NRC Candela was most recently realised in 1986, using room
temperature electrical-substitution absolute radiometers to calibrate secondary radiometers. The
absolute spectral responsivities of the secondary radiometers were measured at laser wavelengths
476.2 nm, 530.9 nm, 568.2 nm, 647.1 nm, and 676.4 nm. Auxiliary measurements using a
monochromator apparatus were used to obtain calibration points below 476.2 nm, to 380 nm, and
above 676.4 nm, to 800 nm. Interpolation techniques were used to obtain complete calibration data
from 380 nm to 800 nm at 5 nm intervals. These secondary radiometers, which incorporated
diffusers, were then used with V(λ)-correcting filters to calibrate the lamps. These photometers were
not thermostated.
The equation for the luminous intensity of a lamp (Iv), as measured by the output voltage (Vout) of
the photometer, is given by (see equation 1 of our above-mentioned paper):
2
683 ∙ V𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜𝑜 ∙ �𝑑𝑑 − 𝑡𝑡�3� ∫ 𝑉𝑉(𝜆𝜆) ∙ 𝐼𝐼𝑒𝑒 (𝜆𝜆) ∙ 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑
𝐼𝐼𝑉𝑉 = ∙
𝑅𝑅𝑓𝑓 ∙ 𝐴𝐴 ∫ 𝑆𝑆(𝜆𝜆) ∙ 𝑇𝑇(𝜆𝜆) ∙ 𝐼𝐼𝑒𝑒 (𝜆𝜆) ∙ 𝑑𝑑𝑑𝑑

where
Rf = feedback resistance of the detector amplifier,
A = area of the radiometer aperture,
D = distance between the lamp filament and the radiometer aperture,
t = thickness of the V(λ)-correcting filter,
Ie(λ) = relative spectral distribution of the lamp,
S(λ) = absolute spectral responsivity of the secondary radiometer, and
T(λ) = spectral transmittance of the filter.

The lamps are OSRAM type Wi41/G, operating at a colour temperature of 2800 K. The colour
temperature of these luminous intensity lamps was set to 2800K when they were first calibrated in
1987.
These lamps have been used very little since that time, so the luminous intensity values assigned to
these lamps is the same as at their calibration in 1986. These six lamps are also used as the
primary standards to maintain the candela at NRC. An estimate of the aging of the lamps due to
use since they were calibrated is included in the uncertainty budget as indicated below.

The lamp specifications are given below:

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NRC Luminous Intensity Standards

SET current Voltage Luminous Intensity


Lamp
(amperes) (volts) (candela)
021 5.6610 30.356 254.4
022 5.6195 30.069 251.6
023 5.6346 30.211 254.0
026 5.6499 30.398 252.2
027 5.6654 30.461 254.6
030 5.6329 30.106 253.8

The statement of the uncertainty in the calibration of these lamps is given in Table 2 of our above-
mentioned paper, and reproduced below.

NRC Uncertainty Budget


Relative Standard Uncertainty
Source of Uncertainty Type
(k=1)
Systematic (Type B) effects*
Calibration of secondary radiometer:
-calibration uncertainty: B 0.15%
-non-uniformity: B 0.25%
-aperture area: B 0.10%
temperature variation: B 0.08%
Filter effects:
-transmittance: B 0.20%
-wavelength shift: B 0.20%
-temperature variation: B 0.20%
Measurement repeatability: B 0.15%
Electrical Effects: B 0.10%
Imperfect V(λ): B 0.15%

Lamp Maintenance / aging1 B 0.30%


Total Type B uncertainty (SumSq): 0.61%

Random (Type A) effects


Lamp reproducibility2 A 0.10%

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Total (Type A+B) uncertainty (SumSq): 0.61%

*L.P.Boivin, A.A.Gaertner, and D.S.Gignac, Realization of the New Candela (1979) at NRC
-Metrologia 24, 139-152 (1987)

1. The term ‘Lamp Maintenance/aging’ is added to the original uncertainties as an estimate of the
uncertainty in the luminous intensity values of the lamps used for the comparison since the time
that they were calibrated. This is predominantly an estimate of the aging of the lamps due to use
since they were calibrated.
2. The lamp alignment component is included in the lamp reproducibility term.

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CCPR Key Comparison CCPR-K3.2014

Luminous Intensity

Draft B Report

Appendix B

Review of Uncertainty Budgets

- replies to general comments


- replies to questions to specific NMIs

- attachments:
- VNIIOFI, NPL, NMIJ, NMISA

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Participant Answers to Comments


CCPR-K3.2014 Pre-Draft-A Process 2: Review of Uncertainty Budgets

General Comments/Questions intended for all participants:


1. We would like to clarify whether reflections off the inside edges of baffles or shutters have been
included, either as corrections (with associated components in the uncertainty budget) or as
uncertainty contributions. The most common geometry (circular opening) for baffles results in
ray paths from the source, reflecting off the inside edge of the baffle back towards the detector.
We believe that, even though the baffle material may only be a fraction of a millimetre thick,
these ray paths can cause appreciable reflection of light into the detector which should not be
included in the measurements. This is exacerbated by the grazing incidence geometry of these
ray paths. We think that shutters used in determining the background level are likely to interrupt
these ray paths so the effect is not eliminated by background subtraction. Rectangular openings
suffer from the same issue, although to a reduced extent. We have observed contributions up to
0.08% per baffle, strongly dependent on the baffle geometry. A brief reference to this effect,
although in a different context, has been made in the literature (Metrologia 37, 621 (2000)).
Answers:
PTB: Straylight created by baffles in the light path depends strongly on their shapes and the
construction of the edges and it is not corrected by background subtraction. This yields
similarly for straylight back reflected from the light trap behind the lamp. The effect of
this type of straylight is mostly compensated if luminous intensity lamps are used as
reference standards for the transfer standards within the CCPR comparison as
performed by the PTB. Provided this type of straylight contributes significantly to the
combined uncertainty then it has to be mentioned in the model of evaluation and in the
uncertainty budget. It should be mentioned that the baffles used at the PTB create a
relative straylight <5⋅10−5. In case the photometer is reference for the calibration of the
luminous intensity standard lamps the uncertainty of the aperture has to be taken into
account and only then the given reference [Metrologia 37, 621 (2000)] is helpful.
NIM: The reflections of baffles or shutters edge is a part of stray light, we estimated the stray
light and made a correction to the measured photocurrent of lamp. The uncertainty
budget of stray light is the imperfection of stray light correction.
NPL: The lamps used for the comparison were calibrated directly against NPL’s primary
reference standard luminous intensity lamps, which are of exactly the same type as the
comparison lamps. Any reflections from the inside edges of baffles or shutters are
therefore common to both the reference and comparison lamps and the effects cancel;
no correction is necessary. Extensive investigations into stray light effects (including
light scattered, reflected or diffracted by apertures and baffles) were carried out during
the realisation of the luminous intensity scale and assessed to be less than 0.01 % - this
is included in the uncertainty budget for NPL’s realisation of the candela.

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VNIIOFI: Following the first General Comment of the pre-Draft A Process 2, we recently
tried to estimate an uncertainty associated with scattering in inner edges of baffles, but
suddenly realized that our measurements (both rounds) were mistakenly done without a
thin edge aperture on a shutter. So, the thickness of the actual edge was too thick and
gave quite strong reflectance. We have measured this effect and found that the
luminous intensity values have to be reduced. Please find the corrected files attached.
(See attached pages VNIIOFI response for the revised Appendix A.5 uncertainty
budget.) Corrected values are marked red. All luminous intensity values are reduced.
The uncertainty component associated with stray light is increased from 0.02% to
0.1%; the total uncertainty is increased up to 0.25% and 0.26% for the 1st and 2nd
rounds, respectively.
NIST: There are two irises (used as baffles) and one electric shutter between the lamp and the
photometer. The first and second irises are located at approximately 0.6 m and 1.85 m,
respectively from the lamp. The thickness of the iris blades is 0.2 mm. The photometer
is at 3.5 m away from the lamp. The measurement uncertainty resulting from the
reflected light is analyzed using the optical ray tracing technique. The shutter does not
cause any reflected light because its opening is larger enough so that it is completely
hidden behind the second iris (i.e., it is in the dark). The first iris does not contribute to
the measurement error because the angle of its reflected light is large enough so that
the reflected light cannot reach the photometer. The uncertainty resulting from the
reflected light from the second iris is estimated to be less than 0.01 % and therefore no
correction is applied. Instead it is rolled into our 0.05% stray light uncertainty
component, which also includes the scatter light from the edge of iris, the inter-
reflection between the photometer, photometer mount, irises, wall of the photometry
bench, and light trap, etc.
2. Comment for all the laboratories that are using an aperture:
If the aperture plane is not perpendicular to the optical axis, the effective aperture area will be
smaller than that at the normal position. This uncertainty component is not in the uncertainty list.
(NMIA, LNE-CNAM, VNIIOFI, NRC).
Answers:
PTB: Usually the photometer´s aperture plane is aligned by help of a mirror and a back
reflected laser beam and any deviation from the perpendicular direction has to be
weighted by the cosine. The effect of this misalignment is mostly compensated if the
mounting of the photometer was unchanged between its calibration as reference and the
transfer to the transfer standards within the CCPR comparison. Provided this
misalignment contributes significantly to the combined uncertainty then it has to be
mentioned in the model of evaluation and in the uncertainty budget.
NPL: The alignment of the NPL photometer was not changed between the calibration using
the reference lamps and the measurements of the comparison lamps; therefore it is not
necessary to include an uncertainty component for misalignment of the photometer
aperture.

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NMIA:This uncertainty component (tilt) is included in the derivation of the uncertainty in the
aperture area, although those details were not included in our uncertainty budget.
However, it is true that a component due to this effect when using the aperture has not
been included. Using a retro-reflected laser, we have estimated the possible tilt in the
aperture when it is mounted in our usual way. The tilt is estimated to be approximately
0.08 degrees, so the contribution to the uncertainty is negligible. For consistency with
our comments below, we could submit a revised budget with this term included (and
set to zero) if participants considered it would add value.
NRC: This uncertainty is included in the ‘Measurement repeatability’ component.
NIST: Using a mirror and retro laser along with mechanical alignment the aperture alignment
off axis is very small. Less than 0.002% as captured in Table 5 of “Yuqin Zong, Maria
E. Nadal, Benjamin K. Tsai, and C. Cameron Miller, “Photometric Calibrations,” NIST
Special Publication 250-95. (2018). https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.250-95 “
3. It turns out that the variety of measurement budgets, and the components mentioned in there, is
quite large. However, when I received the document to review the uncertainty budgets, I was
really surprised that obviously only very few (3 of 11) participants have sent their model for
evaluation which they used to establish their distinct associated uncertainty budget.
According to GUM, the uncertainty budget of a measurement must be based on a measurement
model which clearly connects input and output parameters by means of a physical equation to
show the interdependencies and the sensitivities of the various uncertainty contributions.
It would have been nice, if every participant would have used the uncertainty determination
according to the Technical Report CIE 198:2011, where a clear GUM compliant example for the
determination of the uncertainty of luminous intensity is given, but only IO-CSIC, METAS and
PTB followed that route.
At least for me, it is not possible to judge about the legitimacy of a stated uncertainty
contribution of the other participants, where no information about the model of evaluation and
the measurement process is given.
If we take the first of the eleven budgets as an example:
NMISA simply copied your example of the measurement uncertainty from the Technical
Protocol – which I supposed to be only an example to show the difference between what you
call “Systematic” and “Random” effects. (BTW, I was not in favour of this chart because it is
not strictly according to GUM). In case of NMISA the selection of possible uncertainty
components from the (already) condensed Technical-Protocol-example might be good for a
rough uncertainty estimation, but not for a meaningful demonstration of metrology at the
high level of a CCPR comparison. May be that, e.g., stray-light is the most important
environmental issue at NMISA but at least spectral mismatch of used photometer is always
an issue and may not be neglected. May be that this contribution is hidden elsewhere, but
without further information such a kind of uncertainty budget without model of evaluation is
not sufficient. It is simply not possible to judge about the correctness of the stated
uncertainties – and this is valid for all those participants showing only condensed budgets
without models of evaluation.

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Moreover, also the differentiation between “random” and “systematic” effects seems not to be
generally understood in the same way. Different participants subsume different type of
components under these classifications.
Therefore, at the current stage, and without further information, I can only agree with the
uncertainty budgets from IO-CSIC, METAS and PTB.
Answers:
PTB: In the Technical Protocol for this CCPR comparison chapter 6.1.1 the GUM is
explicitly claimed as reference for any statement of measurement uncertainty.
Additionally, the chapter 6.1.2 refers to the document CIE 198 as example for
modeling combination and presentation. The protocol itself gives in Appendix A.5 an
example for an abbreviated presentation. Thus, the model of evaluation is an essential
part in the documentation and has to be stated individually by each participant as well
as the complete uncertainty budget from CIE 198 as an intermediate step for the
summarized presentation recommended in Appendix A.5 to simplify the comparison of
individual contributions.
NIM: The uncertainty assessment should be carried out in accordance with GUM, as
mentioned in 6.1.1 of the technical protocol of CCPR-K3.2014. Although CIE
198:2011 give us a good example of uncertainty assessment for luminous intensity,
other approaches in accordance with GUM should also be accepted.
Our uncertainty assessment is consistent with GUM. The protocol didn’t require
submission of mathematical models and analysis procedure. We only submit the
uncertainty budget table which condenses the procedure of uncertainty assessment.
Some insignificant uncertainty components are not listed, such as temperature effect,
etc.
NPL: See attached pages (NPL response) for NPL answers.
NMIJ: See attached pages (NMIJ response) for NMIJ answers.
NMIA:One of the more valuable aspects of comparisons is the diversity of uncertainty
budgets, allowing a full range of components to be identified by the metrology
community. If all participants were to use an identical methodology for constructing
their budgets, the possibility of identifying effects that should be included would be
reduced. We therefore believe that uniform use of CIE 198 would be a backward step.
The logic that we used in distinguishing between random and systematic components
followed the requirements of the protocol. It described systematic components as
producing their unknown values from one measurement to the next, adding that they
will probably be the same for a complete round of measurement. Given that
measurements on the comparison artefacts were performed by transfer from a set of
working standard lamps over a short period of time using a common set of
instrumentation, the majority of effects are labelled as systematic. The random

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components are those associated with the complete realignment of the comparison
lamps between measurements, lamp reproducibility and noise.
NIST: See Sections 1 and 3 of “Yuqin Zong, Maria E. Nadal, Benjamin K. Tsai, and C.
Cameron Miller, “Photometric Calibrations,” NIST Special Publication 250-95. (2018).
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.250-95 “
NMISA:
Model of evaluation:
See attached page (NMISA response) for NMISA Uncertainty Budget Matrix (UBM).
𝐾𝑚 𝑑2 𝐹𝐼𝑐
𝐼= 𝑆𝐴
where
I is the luminous intensity
Km is the luminous efficacy
D is the distance from the lamp filament to the photometer
F is the spectral mismatch factor
Ic is the current, determined for the gain of the amplifier and the voltage as
measured for the LMT photometer
S is the responsivity of the LMT photometer
A is the area of the LMT photometer
 Spectral mismatch: We corrected for spectral mismatch and therefore did not include it
in the model of evaluation.
 Lamp alignment: We allowed for 1° uncertainty in the alignment of the lamps, as you can see
in the model of evaluation.

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Comments/Questions for specific NMIs:

NMISA
The lamp alignment uncertainty seems quite large, although it is listed as Type A uncertainty. Is
there a specific effect that produces this large uncertainty?
We allowed for 1° uncertainty in the alignment of the lamps, as you can see in the model of
evaluation.
NMIA
The NMIA budget seems too complicated. It’s a bit hard to understand it without the facility and
measurement procedure description. I hope this description will appear in the Draft A report.
We have attempted a comprehensive evaluation of all the effects that could influence our
measurements, and their associated uncertainties. Quite a few of them have been evaluated as zero
(to the number of significant digits in our budget) but we considered it worthwhile to leave them in
the budget since they had been considered. It is true that the budget could also have been simplified
by replacing groups of related components with single combined values, but we believe that it was
better to provide a detailed breakdown.
We acknowledge that a description of the measurement facility and process is an important part of
assessing the budget. We have written our report and will be very happy to modify or extend it as
required to provide the information requested by other participants during the relevant part of the
report preparation.
NMIJ
The random effects section includes a lamp ageing component which is quite large and dominates
this part of the budget. Could you explain what this means?
See attached pages (NMIJ response) for NMIJ answers.
IO-CSIC
It is not stated which components are considered as random and which are systematic in the context
of the Appendix A6 table. Could, for example, an extra column be added to the Appendix A5 table
giving that classification?
IO-CSIC has submitted a revised Appendix A.5 in which an extra column has been added. From
column 3 of the original table, all Type A (2) have been labelled as Random and all Type B have
been labelled as Systematic. See Appendix A of this comparison report.
LNE-CNAM
The lamp alignment uncertainty seems quite large, although it is listed as Type A uncertainty. Is
there a specific effect that produces this large uncertainty?
METAS
It is not stated which components are considered as random and which are systematic in the context
of the Appendix A6 table. Could the components numbers in the Appendix A5 table be listed as
random or systematic (or is that what the asterisks in that table indicate)?
The answer is yes, the * indicates the random effects.

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NPL
1. Is it possible that the ‘stabiliser current control’ contributes to the ‘test lamp repeatability’
component, meaning that there is some double counting in the random effects?
Yes, it is impossible to isolate the effect of ‘stabiliser current control’ from ‘test lamp
repeatability’ so there is potentially a small element of double counting in the random effects.
However since the test lamp repeatability component is intended primarily to allow for lamp
alignment variations and is treated as a worst case estimate, we have chosen to ignore this small
element of double counting. The effect on the final uncertainty is insignificant.
2. If they know the ageing rate of the lamp, it is better to correct the luminous intensity according to
the ageing rate. If they do the correction, the uncertainty will be smaller than 0.125%.
We do not know the actual change in luminous intensity due to ageing for each individual
reference lamp used. Each reference lamp has been used for a different length of time since the
original calibration and will also age at a slightly different (unknown) rate. We therefore do not
correct for ageing effects. The uncertainty estimate is a conservative allowance, which is based
on measurements on other lamps of the same type operated at the same correlated colour
temperature and under the same conditions coupled with knowledge of the maximum length of
time for which the reference lamps have been used since the original calibration.
3. Some expressions are not consistent with the requirements of GUM “Evaluation of measurement
data-Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement”, such as “value ±”, “ui”,
“Photocurrent measurement accuracy”.
- “ui”should be “ui”
- “Photocurrent measurement accuracy” should be “Photocurrent measurement”
We apologise for these typing mistakes, which were due to importing the table from an Excel
file. We have provided a corrected version of the report to the pilot laboratory.
4. The uncertainty of lamp alignment is not in the list.
The uncertainty due to lamp alignment is included under ‘Test lamp repeatability’ as described in
section 5.10 of our report.
PTB
Please clarify the two lines labelled “variance” at the end of the Appendix A5 table. Do they indicate
the distinction between the random and systematic uncertainties in the context of the comparison?
Similarly, could the components in the Appendix A5 table be labelled somehow (or a separate list be
given) as contributing to the random and systematic uncertainties?
a) According to the GUM all entries in Appendix A.5 are labeled in column 6 with “A” for
“statistical” or “B” for any “other determination”. These types of entries are combined and
listed separately for each lamp. The list was send to the pilot for an additional explanation
and mean values u(A) = 0.12% and u(B) = 0.13% are indicated. Thus, the combined
standard uncertainty for the transfer by only one lamp is 𝑢(𝐼) = √𝑢(A)2 + 𝑢(B)2 =
0.18%.
b) At the bottom of the table Appendix A.5 two values labeled udev = 0.12% for random
(“dev” for devise) and uinst = 0.14% for systematic contributions (“inst” for
instrumentation) are included. These numbers, their meaning and the evaluation are
explained in all details in the publication CIE 198-SP1.2:2011 (see chapter/example 2.13).

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The combination of these numbers to determine the uncertainty of the whole batch for the
transferred value of intensity is explained in great detail in CIE 198-SP1.1:2011 example
1.11.
It turns out that the instrumentation for the two rounds at PTB was stable and the properties of
the PTB-transfer-standards (WI41/G) are uniform. A separation in types A and B or
“random” and “systematic” gives no real difference. So, the uncertainty u(PTB) associated
with the luminous intensity value transferred by the batch with a number of 6 PTB-
transfer standards will be determined by the pilot laboratory from

2
𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑣
𝑢(𝐼)PTB = √𝑢𝑖𝑛𝑠𝑡
2
+ = 0.15%.
6

NIST
The values for the systematic component given in the second table (±0.20%) appear to derive only
from the illuminance unit realisation. Should the long-term drift of the photometers be included in
the systematic component?
As shown in Table 8 of “Yuqin Zong, Maria E. Nadal, Benjamin K. Tsai, and C. Cameron
Miller, “Photometric Calibrations,” NIST Special Publication 250-95. (2018).
https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.250-95“, we do have a longterm drift component but these
measurements were done within 1 month of the scale realization so there is no longterm drift.
NRC
There is no lamp alignment component – is it included in the lamp reproducibility term? Please also
clarify the meaning of the term labelled as “Lamp Maintenance / aging”.
The lamp alignment component is included in the lamp reproducibility term.
The term ‘Lamp Maintenance/aging’ is an estimate of the uncertainty in the luminous intensity
values of the lamps used for the comparison since the time that they were calibrated. This is
predominantly an estimate of the aging of the lamps due to use since they were calibrated.

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Appendix A.5 Sample Measurement Uncertainty Budget (VNIIOFI response)

Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty


Measurement Parameter Type in luminous intensity
(A or B) (%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of working standards
- Photometers of LMT P150T type B 0.19
Electrical
- standard resistor B 0.002
- voltmeter B 0.07
Photometer
- spectral mismatch B 0.001
- linearity B 0.01
- distance B 0.05
Environment
- stray light B 0.1
- temperature / humidity B 0.02
Lamp alignment (systematic component) B 0.03
Discrepancy between photometers (systematic) B 0.04
Stability of photometers* B 0.07
RMS total systematic effects:
1st Round 0.24
2st Round 0.25

Random effects**:
Electrical parameters:
- power supply fluctuations, upsf B 0.02
Photometer noise (25 readings), unoise A 0.001
Discrepancy between three photometers (random), upd A 0.05
Independent measurement reproducibility *** , urep A 0.05

RMS total random effects****: 0.06

RMS total standard uncertainty:


1st Round 0.25
2st Round 0.26

* For the second round only


** Standard deviations varied from set to set and from lamp to lamp. Typical values are presented in
the table.
*** Each independent measurement was done with total re-alignment of a lamp and the
photometers. Random effect associated with independent measurement reproducibility comprises
several random effects: lamp alignment, photometer alignment, random error in distance
measurement, lamp fluctuation.

**** Uncertainty associated with reproducibility (urep) partly includes uncertainties associated with
other random effects. Therefore, the Total random uncertainty is calculated as

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uTotal ,Random = u rep


2
+ (u pd
2
+ u noise
2
+ u psf
2
)/n
where n = 4 – the typical number of independent measurements

Measurement parameters given in this table are suggested. Please modify and itemize according to
your particular situation. See Section 6.2 for explanation of the various items.
Note that if lamps are used as the laboratory working standards, a group of uncertainties would need
to be included in the above table to account for their behaviour.
The RMS total refers to the usual square root of the sum of the squares of all the individual
uncertainty terms.

Contact person: Boris Khlevnoy


NMI: VNIIOFI
Date: 25 November 2015
Signature:

CCPR-K3.2013: Luminous Intensity Protocol VNIIOFI response, page 2 of 2


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NPL response to questions relating to uncertainty budgets for CCPR-K3.2014


General comments / questions

1. The lamps used for the comparison were calibrated directly against NPL’s primary reference
standard luminous intensity lamps, which are of exactly the same type as the comparison
lamps. Any reflections from the inside edges of baffles or shutters are therefore common to
both the reference and comparison lamps and the effects cancel; no correction is necessary.
Extensive investigations into stray light effects (including light scattered, reflected or
diffracted by apertures and baffles) were carried out during the realisation of the luminous
intensity scale and assessed to be less than 0.01 % - this is included in the uncertainty
budget for NPL’s realisation of the candela.

2. The alignment of the NPL photometer was not changed between the calibration using the
reference lamps and the measurements of the comparison lamps; therefore it is not
necessary to include an uncertainty component for misalignment of the photometer
aperture.

3. NPL did not follow the model given in CIE 198:2011 since this is not how we usually structure
our uncertainty budget. We did, however, provide a detailed description of each of the
uncertainty contributions included in our uncertainty budget, which we believe gives the
information necessary to judge the legitimacy of each of these. For completeness, our
measurement equation is given below (this has also been added to our measurement
report):

𝐼v,𝑡 = 𝐶cal 𝑉𝑡 (1 + 𝐶d,𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶J,𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶p,𝑡 )𝐹SM,𝑡 (1 − 𝐶stray,𝑡 )(1 + 𝐶align,𝑡 ) (1)
where
(𝐼v,𝑟 +𝐶age,𝑟 )
𝐶cal = 𝑉𝑟
(2)

and

𝐼v,𝑡 is the luminous intensity of test (comparison) lamp t


𝐶cal is the mean photometer calibration factor, calculated using Equation 2 and
averaged across all the reference lamps used
𝐼v,𝑟 is the luminous intensity of reference lamp r
𝐶age,𝑟 is the change in luminous intensity of reference lamp r since its original
calibration due to ageing
𝑉𝑟 is the mean reading from the photometer for reference lamp r
𝑉𝑡 is the mean reading from the photometer for test lamp t
𝐶d,𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to error in setting the filaments
of the reference and test lamps in the same vertical plane
𝐶J,𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to error in setting the current
for the test lamp to the specified value (the uncertainty due to error in setting the

NPL Response Page 1 of 2


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current for the reference lamp to the specified value is included in the uncertainty
budget for the luminous intensity of the reference lamp)
𝐶p,𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to differences in amplifier gain
and DVM sensitivity between measurement of the photocurrent produced by the
reference lamp and that produced by the test lamp
𝐹SM,𝑡 is the spectral mismatch correction factor for test lamp t
𝐶stray,𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to differences in stray light
between the reference and test lamps
𝐶align,𝑡 is the error in luminous intensity for test lamp t due to misalignment of the lamp
(the uncertainty due to misalignment of the reference lamp is included in the
uncertainty budget for the luminous intensity of the reference lamp)
Note all of the C terms listed above have an expected value of zero and an associated uncertainty
that has been estimated as described in our measurement report.

Specific comments / questions

1. Yes, it is impossible to isolate the effect of ‘stabiliser current control’ from ‘test lamp
repeatability’ so there is potentially a small element of double counting in the random
effects. However since the test lamp repeatability component is intended primarily to allow
for lamp alignment variations and is treated as a worst case estimate, we have chosen to
ignore this small element of double counting. The effect on the final uncertainty is
insignificant.

2. We do not know the actual change in luminous intensity due to ageing for each individual
reference lamp used. Each reference lamp has been used for a different length of time since
the original calibration and will also age at a slightly different (unknown) rate. We therefore
do not correct for ageing effects. The uncertainty estimate is a conservative allowance,
which is based on measurements on other lamps of the same type operated at the same
correlated colour temperature and under the same conditions coupled with knowledge of
the maximum length of time for which the reference lamps have been used since the
original calibration.

3. We apologise for these typing mistakes, which were due to importing the table from an
Excel file. We have provided a corrected version of the report to the pilot laboratory.

4. The uncertainty due to lamp alignment is included under ‘Test lamp repeatability’ as
described in section 5.10 of our report.

NPL Response Page 2 of 2


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix B Appendix B Page 13 of 17
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Dear Dr. Gaertner,

The following equations are the physical model of uncertainty of luminous intensity at NMIJ.
λ2
K (d + ∆d1 ) V0
I1 = m 1
2
∫λ Φ
1
e ,λ ( λ ) V ( λ ) dλ
(1 + ct ) (1 + c1 ) (1)
λ
A G
∫λ Φ ( λ ) s e ( λ ) dλ
2

e ,λ
1

V2 (d 2 + ∆d 2 )
2

I 2 = I1 k c 2
(1 + ci ) (1 + ca ) (1 + c2 ) (1 + c3 ) (2)
V1 d2
Equation (1) is the model to determine the luminous intensity of the standard lamp. Equation (2) is the
model to transfer luminous intensity from the standard lamp to the transfer lamp. The meanings of each
variable are listed below.

I1 : Luminous intensity of a standard lamp.

K m : Maximum luminous efficiency constant. No uncertainty.

d1 : Distance between the standard lamp and the standard photometer. Constant. No uncertainty.

∆d1 : Deviation of distance setting.

A : Aperture area of the standard photometer.


V0 : Voltage measured by the multimeter. Uncertainty negligible.

G : Conversion ratio of the current-voltage converter. Uncertainty negligible.

Φ e , λ (λ ) : Relative spectral distribution of the standard lamp. Uncertainty to luminous intensity

negligible.
V (λ ) : Luminous efficiency function. No uncertainty.

se (λ ) : Spectral responsivity of the standard photometer. Uncertainty of this factor consists of two parts
in the budget. One is "Spectral responsivity of the silicon photodiode measured with the cryogenic
radiometer", and another is " Illuminance responsivity of the standard photometer with respect to the
spectral responsivity of the silicon photodiode".
ct : Deviation of the standard photometer responsivity by the room temperature.

c1 : Deviation of the luminous intensity measurement for the standard lamp set on and removed from the
lamp mount in many times. Accumulated data.

I 2 : Luminous intensity of the transfer lamp.

kc : Colour correction factor between the standard lamp and the transfer lamp. Uncertainty negligible.

V2 : Voltage output measured for the transfer lamp.

V1 : Voltage output measured for the standard lamp.

NMIJ response Page 1 of 3

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CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
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d 2 : Distance between the lamp and the comparison photometer.

∆d 2 : Deviation of distance setting.

ci : Effect of the lamp current uncertainty.

ca : Deviation of luminous intensity through the period of recalibraion-limit burning time. We take this
effect into the uncertainty without correction. So it is listed in "Random effects" because we cannot predict
what value a lamp will take at each burning.

c 2 : Deviation of the luminous intensity measurement for the transfer lamp set on and removed from the
lamp mount in many times. Accumulated data.
c3 : Fluctuation of lamp signal.

The variables correspond to the uncertainty budget as follows.


Uncertainty Standard Uncertainty
Measurement Parameter Type in luminous intensity
(A or B) (%)
Systematic effects:
Calibration of working standards
- Spectral responsivity of the silicon photodiode B 0.05
se ( λ )
measured with the cryogenic radiometer
- Illuminance responsivity of the standard B 0.20
se ( λ ) photometer with respect to the spectral responsivity
of the silicon photodiode
- Measurement of the distance between the primary B 0.05
∆d1
standard lamp and the transfer detector
- Responsivity change of the transfer detector by B 0.10
ct
room temperature fluctuation
- Setting of the luminous intensity primary B 0.10
c1
standard lamp
A - Aperture area B 0.015
Electrical
- standard resistor negligible
-digital multimeter B 0.01
ci
Photometer
- spectral mismatch negligible
- linearity negligible
- distance B 0.02
∆d 2
Environment
- stray light negligible
- temperature / humidity ? included in (*)

RMS total systematic effects: 0.256

NMIJ response Page 2 of 3

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CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
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Random effects:
Lamp parameters:
- lamp ageing B 0.11
ca
- lamp alignment (*) B 0.06
c2
- lamp reproducibility included in (*)
- lamp output fluctuations B 0.02
c3
Electrical parameters:
- power supply fluctuations included in (*)
Photometer noise included in (*)
(Measurement Set standard deviation of mean)

RMS total random effects: 0.127

RMS total standard uncertainty: 0.29

The effect of baffles is regarded as negligibly small. We expect that that effect can be as small as 0.007 %,
which is negligible in the NMIJ's uncertainty budget.

NMIJ response Page 3 of 3

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix B Appendix B Page 16 of 17


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report
Certificate No
NMISA response, page 1 of 1 UNCERTAINTY BUDGET MATRIX (UBM)
Procedure No
Reference: Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement, issued by BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML - ISO 1995 (ISBN 92-67-10188-9)

Metrologist
Type & Serial
Description: CCPR-K3 Luminous Intensity Intercomparison Range:
Number

Mathematical Model:

Input Quantity Estimated Estimated Standard Degrees


Probability Standard Sensitivity
Input k= Divisor Uncertainty Reliability of
Symbol (Source of Uncertainty) Uncertainty Distribution Uncertainty Coefficient Remarks
Quantity factor Contribution Freedom
(N, R, T, U)
(X i ) (x i ) Unit ▼ U(Xi) Ci Unit Ui (y) % v

▼ Standards and Reference Equipment (Uncorrelated) ▼ Unit


Std Photometer (LMT) 1.300000 % Normal k = 2 2.00 6.500E-01 1.000E+00 6.500E-01 100.00 infinite From certificate OR\SR-5082
Spatial uniformity 0.100000 % Rectangular √3 1.73 5.774E-02 1.000E+00 5.774E-02 95.00 200.00 Literature Type B
Distance uncertainty 0.018170 % Normal k = 2 2.00 9.085E-03 1.000E+00 9.085E-03 100.00 infinite Optical bench certificate DM\DIM-4016 type B
Lamp fluctuations during operation (lamp stability 0.003100 % Normal k = 1 1.00 3.100E-03 1.000E+00 3.100E-03 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\In
Lamp alignment 1.000000 deg Rectangular √3 1.73 5.774E-01 2.467E-01 %/deg 1.424E-01 100.00 infinite Empirical test PH-03, sens coef unit is %/deg type A
Electrical noise on photometer signal 0.000100 % Normal k = 1 1.00 1.000E-04 1.000E+00 1.000E-04 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\In
Lamp power setting (lamp current) 0.000450 % Normal k = 1 1.00 4.500E-04 1.000E+00 4.500E-04 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\In
Drift/ageing of lamps 0.063100 % Normal k = 1 1.00 6.310E-02 1.000E+00 6.310E-02 100.00 infinite Type A I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\Intercomparison
electrical - std resistor 0.007410 % Normal k = 2 2.00 3.705E-03 1.000E+00 3.705E-03 100.00 infinite Certificates, type B, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\Inte
electrical - voltmeters 0.001760 % Normal k = 2 2.00 8.800E-04 1.000E+00 8.800E-04 100.00 infinite Certificates, type B, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\Inte
Stray light 0.030000 % Normal k = 1 1.00 3.000E-02 1.000E+00 3.000E-02 100.00 infinite Empirical test Type A, I:\Laboratories\Optical Radiometry\Irma\In

Res Resolution of Standard / Equipment (If applicable) 100


▼ Standards and Reference Equipment (Correlated) ▼ NOTE! ONLY CHANGE BLUE CELLS - All OTHER CELLS (WHITE) ARE PROTECTED

▼ Unit Under Test / Calibration (Uncorrelated) ▼ NOTE! ONLY CHANGE BLUE CELLS - All OTHER CELLS (WHITE) ARE PROTECTED

Res Resolution of UUT (If applicable) 100


Type "B" Evaluation Range of the results (Rectangular) 100
Data
Type "A" Evaluation Exp Std Dev of the Mean (ESDM) 0.003 % Normal K = 1 1.00 3.300E-03 1.000E+00 3.300E-03 4 No of Readings 5
▼ Unit Under Test / Calibration (Correlated) ▼ NOTE! ONLY CHANGE BLUE CELLS - All OTHER CELLS (WHITE) ARE PROTECTED

About UBM TOTAL COMBINED UNCERTAINTY Unit


Combined Uncertainty (Normal) ▼ Level of Confidence ▼ 6.716E-01 Veff 3662867 Checked and Approved By:
Best Measurement Capability (Excluding UUT contribution)
Expanded Uncertainty 68,27 % K=1 6.72E-01 k= 1.00

Combined Uncertainty (Normal) ▼ Level of Confidence ▼ 6.716E-01 Veff infinite


Uncertainty of Measurement (Including UUT contribution)
Expanded Uncertainty 68,27 % K=1 6.72E-01 k= 1.00

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Final Report, Appendix B Appendix B Page 17 of 17

UBM V5.03 - CSIR-National Metrology Laboratory - dc Low Frequency (Designed by BvO) Final UB for CCPR-K3.a Uncertainty Budget Matrix
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F Information
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity
Draft B Report
2020-October-15
Information for Appendices C-F
Summary of Measurement Data and Analysis
(k=1) values are used for all calculations
Appendix C
Summary of Participant Lamp Luminous Intensity Values
This worksheet contains the Luminous Intensity values for all the participant lamps
The values for Round#1, Round#2, and the final values have been determined as discussed in the Draft B report Section 4.2 "Participant Lamp Data"
The worksheet shows the calculations for the average NMI Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty
The lamp final data is linked to subsequent worksheets and calculations

Appendix D
Summary of Pilot Measurements of Participant Lamps
This worksheet combines the 'final' NMI luminous intensity values (from Appendix C) with the Pilot measurements of each lamp
The final NMI value for the comparison photometer responsivity (cd/V) is calculated from all the NMI lamps and Pilot measurements
Uncertainties are calculated as discussed in the Draft B report Sections 4.1 to 4.3

Appendix E
Calculation of the KCRV and the DoE
The data from worksheet Appendices C and D is gathered for the calculation of the KCRV and Unilateral DOE
The calculations are discussed in the Draft B report Section 4.4
If any changes are made, such as to the Mandel-Paule factor s,
-the Chi-square values, KCRV value, DOE values and uncertainties will all change.

Worksheet "DOE.plt"
Plot of the DOE values, uncertainties, and KCRV uncertainty, data from Appendix E
This is similar to Figure Two of the Draft B report

Appendix F
Calculation of the Bilateral DoE
The data from Appendix E is used to calculate the bilateral DOE as described in the Draft B report Section 4.4.3
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 1 of 15 CCPR-K3-2014DraftBAppendicesCDEF.xlsx
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F
Appendix_Cv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
1 CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Fractional Split of NMI
2 Draft B Report random uncertainties
3 2020-October-15 into uncorrelated and
4 Appendix Cv2.1 correlated components
5 Summary of Participant Lamp Luminous Intensity Values for combining lamps
6 fraction f SQRT(1-f^2)
7 0.5 0.866
8
9
10 NMI: NMISA
11
12 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT NMISA Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for NMISA weighted mean
13 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
14 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
15 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
16
17 “24” 4595 PTB 09 R#1 “24” 4595 PTB 09R#1 5.824 30.242 2841.0 269.000 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
18 R#2 “24” 4595 PTB 09R#2 5.824 30.254 2838.0 268.700 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
19 final “24” 4595 PTB 09final 5.824 30.248 2839.5 268.850 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 0.006625 22782.27568 0.250000 0.000138 0.001651
20
21 “39” 4596 PTB 09 R#1 “39” 4596 PTB 09R#1 5.892 30.816 2853.0 283.900 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
22 R#2 “39” 4596 PTB 09R#2 5.892 30.826 2849.0 284.400 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
23 final “39” 4596 PTB 09final 5.892 30.821 2851.0 284.150 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 0.006625 22782.27538 0.250000 0.000138 0.001651
24
25 “42” 4597 PTB 09 R#1 “42” 4597 PTB 09R#1 5.880 30.713 2848.0 274.600 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
26 R#2 “42” 4597 PTB 09R#2 5.880 30.725 2844.0 277.100 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
27 final “42” 4597 PTB 09final 5.880 30.719 2846.0 275.839 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 0.006625 22782.26294 0.250000 0.000138 0.001651
28
29 NSI 10 R#1 NSI 10R#1 5.890 31.962 2854.0 314.400 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
30 R#2 NSI 10R#2 5.890 31.944 2869.0 317.200 0.156% 0.653% 0.680%
31 final NSI 10final 5.890 31.953 2861.5 315.788 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 0.006625 22782.26349 0.250000 0.000138 0.001651
32
33 Average NMISA Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 91129.07749 1.00000
34 NMISA 0.028% 0.660% 0.661%
35 Final NMISA average relative standard uncertainty
36 u-uncorr u-corr uf
37 NMISA 0.0275% 0.6602% 0.6608%
38
39
40 NMI: NIM
41
42 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT NIM Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for NIM weighted mean
43 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
44 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
45 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
46
47 NIM-01(Wi41/G-96) R#1 NIM-01(Wi41/G-96)R#1 5.794 29.846 2837.0 253.145 0.035% 0.167% 0.171%
48 R#2 NIM-01(Wi41/G-96)R#2 5.794 29.828 2837.0 252.660 0.057% 0.167% 0.176%
49 final NIM-01(Wi41/G-96)final 5.794 29.837 2837.0 253.012 0.030% 0.167% 0.170% 0.001696 347681.05909 0.197256 0.000029 0.000333
50
51 NIM-02(Wi41/G-152) R#1 NIM-02(Wi41/G-152)R#1 5.818 30.013 2829.0 263.580 0.032% 0.167% 0.170%
52 R#2 NIM-02(Wi41/G-152)R#2 5.818 30.020 2829.0 263.925 0.057% 0.167% 0.177%
53 final NIM-02(Wi41/G-152)final 5.818 30.016 2829.0 263.660 0.028% 0.167% 0.169% 0.001693 349030.11258 0.198021 0.000027 0.000334
54
55 NIM-03(Wi41/G-164) R#1 NIM-03(Wi41/G-164)R#1 5.807 29.781 2841.0 275.150 0.008% 0.167% 0.167%
56 R#2 NIM-03(Wi41/G-164)R#2 5.807 29.773 2841.0 275.600 0.048% 0.167% 0.174%
57 final NIM-03(Wi41/G-164)final 5.807 29.777 2841.0 275.164 0.008% 0.167% 0.167% 0.001672 357668.81541 0.202922 0.000008 0.000339
58
59 NIM-04(Wi41/G-180) R#1 NIM-04(Wi41/G-180)R#1 5.804 29.954 2839.0 265.172 0.020% 0.167% 0.168%
60 R#2 NIM-04(Wi41/G-180)R#2 5.804 29.947 2839.0 265.620 0.043% 0.167% 0.172%
61 final NIM-04(Wi41/G-180)final 5.804 29.950 2839.0 265.251 0.018% 0.167% 0.168% 0.001680 354380.97063 0.201057 0.000018 0.000337
62
63 NIM-05(Wi41/G-189) R#1 NIM-05(Wi41/G-189)R#1 5.780 29.730 2840.0 269.570 0.024% 0.167% 0.169%

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 2 of 15 Appendix C


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F
Appendix_Cv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
64 R#2 NIM-05(Wi41/G-189)R#2 5.780 29.711 2840.0 269.415 0.034% 0.167% 0.170%
65 final NIM-05(Wi41/G-189)final 5.780 29.721 2840.0 269.520 0.019% 0.167% 0.168% 0.001681 353828.27608 0.200743 0.000019 0.000337
66
67 Average NIM Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 1762589.23378 1.00000
68 NIM 0.005% 0.168% 0.168%
69 Final NIM average relative standard uncertainty:
70 u-uncorr u-corr uf
71 NIM 0.0049% 0.1681% 0.1681%
72
73
74 NMI: NMIA
75
76 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT NMIA Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for NMIA weighted mean
77 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
78 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
79 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
80
81 S7 R#1 S7R#1 5.780 31.724 2856.0 298.759 0.009% 0.153% 0.153%
82 R#2 S7R#2 5.780 31.736 2856.0 298.716 0.008% 0.151% 0.151%
83 final S7final 5.780 31.730 2856.0 298.735 0.006% 0.152% 0.152% 0.001520 432773.37472 0.202861 0.000006 0.000308
84
85 350 LI3 R#1 350 LI3R#1 5.794 31.741 2856.0 298.447 0.016% 0.153% 0.154%
86 R#2 350 LI3R#2 5.794 31.751 2856.0 298.684 0.019% 0.151% 0.152%
87 final 350 LI3final 5.794 31.746 2856.0 298.551 0.012% 0.152% 0.153% 0.001526 429240.69680 0.201205 0.000012 0.000307
88
89 318 SI2 R#1 318 SI2R#1 5.781 31.722 2856.0 305.807 0.021% 0.153% 0.154%
90 R#2 318 SI2R#2 5.781 31.736 2856.0 305.845 0.018% 0.151% 0.152%
91 final 318 SI2final 5.781 31.729 2856.0 305.829 0.014% 0.152% 0.152% 0.001524 430298.79892 0.201701 0.000014 0.000307
92
93 306 S15 R#1 306 S15R#1 5.858 32.078 2856.0 308.499 0.017% 0.153% 0.154%
94 R#2 306 S15R#2 5.858 32.096 2856.0 308.601 0.016% 0.151% 0.152%
95 final 306 S15final 5.858 32.087 2856.0 308.551 0.012% 0.152% 0.152% 0.001524 430540.03093 0.201814 0.000012 0.000307
96
97 288 SI4 R#1 288 SI4R#1 5.786 31.672 2856.0 301.606 0.053% 0.153% 0.162%
98 R#2 288 SI4R#2 5.786 31.668 2856.0 301.514 0.048% 0.151% 0.159%
99 final 288 SI4final 5.786 31.670 2856.0 301.555 0.036% 0.152% 0.156% 0.001561 410497.16280 0.192419 0.000034 0.000298
100
101 Average NMIA Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 2133350.06417 1.00000
102 NMIA 0.004% 0.153% 0.153%
103 Final NMIA average relative standard uncertainty:
104 u-uncorr u-corr uf
105 NMIA 0.0041% 0.1528% 0.1529%
106
107
108 NMI: NMIJ
109
110 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT NMIJ Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for NMIJ weighted mean
111 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
112 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
113 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
114
115 #37 R#1 #37R#1 5.756 29.069 2800.0 242.145 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
116 R#2 #37R#2 5.756 29.064 2800.0 242.155 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
117 final #37final 5.756 29.067 2800.0 242.150 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 0.002638 143743.73352 0.200000 0.000064 0.000524
118
119 #40 R#1 #40R#1 5.794 29.550 2800.0 250.505 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
120 R#2 #40R#2 5.794 29.544 2800.0 250.285 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
121 final #40final 5.794 29.547 2800.0 250.395 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 0.002638 143743.73173 0.200000 0.000064 0.000524
122
123 #51 R#1 #51R#1 5.736 29.264 2800.0 240.850 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
124 R#2 #51R#2 5.736 29.262 2800.0 240.565 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
125 final #51final 5.736 29.263 2800.0 240.707 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 0.002638 143743.73045 0.200000 0.000064 0.000524
126

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Appendix_Cv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
127 #52 R#1 #52R#1 5.765 29.167 2800.0 241.500 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
128 R#2 #52R#2 5.765 29.160 2800.0 241.490 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
129 final #52final 5.765 29.163 2800.0 241.495 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 0.002638 143743.73365 0.200000 0.000064 0.000524
130
131 #58 R#1 #58R#1 5.610 29.970 2800.0 244.280 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
132 R#2 #58R#2 5.610 29.965 2800.0 244.505 0.090% 0.256% 0.271%
133 final #58final 5.610 29.967 2800.0 244.392 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 0.002638 143743.73190 0.200000 0.000064 0.000524
134
135 Average NMIJ Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 718718.66125 1.00000
136 NMIJ 0.014% 0.262% 0.262%
137 Final NMIJ average relative standard uncertainty:
138 u-uncorr u-corr uf
139 NMIJ 0.0142% 0.2618% 0.2622%
140
141
142 NMI: IO-CSIC
143
144 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT IO-CSIC Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for IO-CSIC weighted mean
145 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
146 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
147 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
148
149 Wi95A R#1 Wi95AR#1 5.836 30.807 2869.0 278.405 0.007% 0.310% 0.310%
150 R#2 Wi95AR#2 5.836 30.930 2869.0 278.184 0.007% 0.310% 0.310%
151 final Wi95Afinal 5.836 30.868 2869.0 278.294 0.005% 0.310% 0.310% 0.003100 104032.63337 0.200005 0.000005 0.000620
152
153 Wi95B R#1 Wi95BR#1 5.836 31.083 2868.0 285.515 0.004% 0.310% 0.310%
154 R#2 Wi95BR#2 5.837 31.127 2868.0 284.322 0.007% 0.310% 0.310%
155 final Wi95Bfinal 5.836 31.105 2868.0 285.188 0.003% 0.310% 0.310% 0.003100 104045.14922 0.200029 0.000003 0.000620
156
157 Wi95C R#1 Wi95CR#1 5.832 30.790 2862.0 286.693 0.003% 0.310% 0.310%
158 R#2 Wi95CR#2 5.832 30.860 2862.0 286.268 0.007% 0.310% 0.310%
159 final Wi95Cfinal 5.832 30.825 2862.0 286.637 0.002% 0.310% 0.310% 0.003100 104051.55216 0.200042 0.000002 0.000620
160
161 Wi95D R#1 Wi95DR#1 5.836 30.587 2868.0 271.761 0.004% 0.310% 0.310%
162 R#2 Wi95DR#2 5.836 30.633 2868.0 270.688 0.004% 0.310% 0.310%
163 final Wi95Dfinal 5.836 30.610 2868.0 271.222 0.003% 0.310% 0.310% 0.003100 104050.01451 0.200039 0.000003 0.000620
164
165 A454 R#1 A454R#1 25.500 12.247 2844.0 433.167 0.013% 0.310% 0.310%
166 R#2 A454R#2 25.501 12.267 2844.0 434.636 0.013% 0.310% 0.310%
167 final A454final 25.500 12.257 2844.0 433.899 0.009% 0.310% 0.310% 0.003101 103969.75394 0.199885 0.000009 0.000620
168
169 Average IO-CSIC Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 520149.10320 1.00000
170 IO-CSIC 0.001% 0.310% 0.310%
171 Final IO-CSIC average relative standard uncertainty:
172 u-uncorr u-corr uf
173 IO-CSIC 0.0011% 0.3100% 0.3100%
174
175
176 NMI: LNE-CNAM
177
178 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT LNE-CNAM Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for LNE-CNAM weighted mean
179 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
180 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
181 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
182
183 926 R#1 926R#1 5.690 29.010 2796.0 234.400 0.220% 0.220% 0.311%
184 R#2 926R#2 5.690 28.970 2796.0 233.800 0.240% 0.220% 0.326%
185 final 926final 5.690 28.990 2796.0 234.125 0.162% 0.220% 0.273% 0.002733 133868.05548 0.342036 0.000277 0.000893
186
187 936 R#1 936R#1 5.690 29.150 2799.0 241.800 0.230% 0.220% 0.318%
188 R#2 936R#2 5.690 29.100 2799.0 241.200 0.290% 0.220% 0.364%
189 final 936final 5.690 29.125 2799.0 241.568 0.180% 0.220% 0.284% 0.002844 123649.59621 0.315928 0.000285 0.000852

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Appendix_Cv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
190
191 A430 R#1 A430R#1 25.000 11.950 2815.0 397.300 0.220% 0.220% 0.311%
192 R#2 A430R#2 25.000 11.960 2815.0 397.400 0.240% 0.220% 0.326%
193 final A430final 25.000 11.955 2815.0 397.346 0.162% 0.220% 0.273% 0.002733 133868.13157 0.342036 0.000277 0.000893
194
195 Average LNE-CNAM Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 391385.78326 1.00000
196 LNE-CNAM 0.048% 0.264% 0.268%
197 Final LNE-CNAM average relative standard uncertainty:
198 u-uncorr u-corr uf
199 LNE-CNAM 0.0485% 0.2638% 0.2682%
200
201
202 NMI: METAS
203
204 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT METAS Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for METAS weighted mean
205 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
206 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
207 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
208
209 506 R#1 506R#1 5.760 30.559 2855.7 276.229 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
210 R#2 506R#2 5.760 30.558 2855.7 276.193 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
211 final 506final 5.760 30.558 2855.7 276.211 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 0.003135 101728.56832 0.166724 0.000022 0.000522
212
213 684 R#1 684R#1 5.680 30.687 2854.4 277.966 0.048% 0.312% 0.316%
214 R#2 684R#2 5.680 30.686 2854.4 277.881 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
215 final 684final 5.680 30.686 2854.4 277.914 0.030% 0.312% 0.314% 0.003138 101525.34990 0.166390 0.000025 0.000522
216
217 841 R#1 841R#1 5.860 30.341 2858.3 280.875 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
218 R#2 841R#2 5.860 30.336 2858.3 280.311 0.037% 0.312% 0.315%
219 final 841final 5.860 30.339 2858.3 280.587 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 0.003135 101726.38529 0.166720 0.000022 0.000522
220
221 1060 R#1 1060R#1 5.850 30.325 2841.0 272.256 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
222 R#2 1060R#2 5.850 30.338 2841.0 272.986 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
223 final 1060final 5.850 30.332 2841.0 272.627 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 0.003136 101713.53497 0.166699 0.000022 0.000522
224
225 1063 R#1 1063R#1 5.900 30.557 2854.5 283.982 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
226 R#2 1063R#2 5.900 30.568 2854.5 284.402 0.038% 0.312% 0.315%
227 final 1063final 5.900 30.562 2854.5 284.197 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 0.003136 101714.96298 0.166701 0.000022 0.000522
228
229 1064 R#1 1064R#1 5.900 30.679 2854.8 287.908 0.037% 0.312% 0.315%
230 R#2 1064R#2 5.900 30.692 2854.8 288.563 0.037% 0.312% 0.315%
231 final 1064final 5.900 30.686 2854.8 288.232 0.026% 0.312% 0.313% 0.003135 101754.35247 0.166766 0.000022 0.000522
232
233 Average METAS Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 610163.15394 1.00000
234 METAS 0.006% 0.313% 0.313%
235 Final METAS average relative standard uncertainty:
236 u-uncorr u-corr uf
237 METAS 0.0056% 0.3133% 0.3133%
238
239
240 NMI: NPL
241
242 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT NPL Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for NPL weighted mean
243 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
244 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
245 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
246
247 A644 R#1 A644R#1 25.360 12.505 2850.0 451.78 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%
248 R#2 A644R#2 25.360 12.500 2850.0 451.97 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%
249 final A644final 25.360 12.503 2850.0 451.87 0.058% 0.158% 0.168% 0.001683 353032.54775 0.208864 0.000061 0.000346
250
251 A647 R#1 A647R#1 25.310 12.510 2850.0 459.43 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%
252 R#2 A647R#2 25.310 12.533 2850.0 459.63 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%

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Appendix_Cv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
253 final A647final 25.310 12.522 2850.0 459.53 0.058% 0.158% 0.168% 0.001683 353032.54762 0.208864 0.000061 0.000346
254
255 PA758 R#1 PA758R#1 25.220 12.743 2850.0 460.33 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%
256 R#2 PA758R#2 25.220 12.751 2850.0 460.70 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%
257 final PA758final 25.220 12.747 2850.0 460.51 0.058% 0.158% 0.168% 0.001683 353032.54284 0.208864 0.000061 0.000346
258
259 877 R#1 877R#1 5.818 30.013 2853.0 276.34 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%
260 final 877final 5.818 30.013 2853.0 276.34 0.082% 0.158% 0.178% 0.001780 315576.87453 0.186704 0.000077 0.000323
261
262 890 R#1 890R#1 5.804 29.871 2853.0 273.93 0.082% 0.158% 0.178%
263 final 890final 5.804 29.871 2853.0 273.93 0.082% 0.158% 0.178% 0.001780 315576.87453 0.186704 0.000077 0.000323
264
265 Average NPL Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 1690251.38726 1.00000
266 NPL 0.015% 0.169% 0.169%
267 Final NPL average relative standard uncertainty:
268 u-uncorr u-corr uf
269 NPL 0.0151% 0.1686% 0.1692%
270
271
272 NMI: PTB
273
274 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT PTB Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for PTB weighted mean
275 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
276 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
277 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
278
279 759 R#1 759R#1 5.650 29.123 2800.0 236.210 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
280 R#2 759R#2 5.650 29.123 2800.0 236.220 0.130% 0.130% 0.180%
281 final 759final 5.650 29.123 2800.0 236.215 0.088% 0.130% 0.157% 0.001571 405267.17848 0.164702 0.000073 0.000248
282
283 791 R#1 791R#1 5.650 29.564 2800.0 247.550 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
284 R#2 791R#2 5.650 29.565 2800.0 247.530 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
285 final 791final 5.650 29.565 2800.0 247.540 0.085% 0.130% 0.155% 0.001552 414937.75913 0.168632 0.000072 0.000252
286
287 793 R#1 793R#1 5.650 29.387 2800.0 245.970 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
288 R#2 793R#2 5.650 29.387 2800.0 246.000 0.130% 0.130% 0.180%
289 final 793final 5.650 29.387 2800.0 245.984 0.088% 0.130% 0.157% 0.001571 405267.17807 0.164702 0.000073 0.000248
290
291 848 R#1 848R#1 5.700 28.573 2810.0 228.530 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
292 R#2 848R#2 5.700 28.571 2810.0 228.540 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
293 final 848final 5.700 28.572 2810.0 228.535 0.085% 0.130% 0.155% 0.001552 414937.75928 0.168632 0.000072 0.000252
294
295 851 R#1 851R#1 5.700 28.932 2815.0 233.490 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
296 R#2 851R#2 5.700 28.931 2815.0 233.540 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
297 final 851final 5.700 28.931 2815.0 233.515 0.085% 0.130% 0.155% 0.001552 414937.75792 0.168632 0.000072 0.000252
298
299 858 R#1 858R#1 5.700 28.561 2800.0 225.120 0.120% 0.130% 0.180%
300 R#2 858R#2 5.700 28.562 2800.0 225.010 0.130% 0.130% 0.180%
301 final 858final 5.700 28.561 2800.0 225.069 0.088% 0.130% 0.157% 0.001571 405267.17096 0.164702 0.000073 0.000248
302
303 Average PTB Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 2460614.80383 1.00000
304 PTB 0.018% 0.150% 0.151%
305 Final PTB average relative standard uncertainty:
306 u-uncorr u-corr uf
307 PTB 0.0177% 0.1500% 0.1511%
308
309
310 NMI: VNIIOFI
311
312 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT VNIIOFI Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for VNIIOFI weighted mean
313 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
314 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
315 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps

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Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F
Appendix_Cv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
316
317 3281 R#1 3281R#1 5.8800 29.952 2853.9 273.480 0.060% 0.240% 0.250%
318 R#2 3281R#2 5.8800 29.943 2853.9 275.060 0.060% 0.250% 0.260%
319 final 3281final 5.8800 29.948 2853.9 274.265 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 0.002486 161765.29098 0.166687 0.000035 0.000413
320
321 3282 R#1 3282R#1 5.8000 30.547 2854.3 276.870 0.060% 0.240% 0.250%
322 R#2 3282R#2 5.8000 30.541 2854.3 276.880 0.060% 0.250% 0.260%
323 final 3282final 5.8000 30.544 2854.3 276.875 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 0.002486 161746.98190 0.166668 0.000035 0.000413
324
325 N 01 R#1 N 01R#1 5.8800 30.419 2855.8 287.190 0.060% 0.240% 0.250%
326 R#2 N 01R#2 5.8800 30.413 2855.8 286.540 0.060% 0.250% 0.260%
327 final N 01final 5.8800 30.416 2855.8 286.864 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 0.002487 161739.59856 0.166660 0.000035 0.000413
328
329 N 02 R#1 N 02R#1 5.9000 30.647 2854.1 285.880 0.060% 0.240% 0.250%
330 R#2 N 02R#2 5.9000 30.637 2854.1 285.180 0.060% 0.250% 0.260%
331 final N 02final 5.9000 30.642 2854.1 285.529 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 0.002487 161739.00241 0.166660 0.000035 0.000413
332
333 N 03 R#1 N 03R#1 5.9200 30.594 2853.6 284.510 0.060% 0.240% 0.250%
334 R#2 N 03R#2 5.9200 30.583 2853.6 283.690 0.060% 0.250% 0.260%
335 final N 03final 5.9200 30.589 2853.6 284.099 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 0.002487 161737.60655 0.166658 0.000035 0.000413
336
337 N 04 R#1 N 04R#1 5.8700 30.487 2856.6 284.040 0.060% 0.240% 0.250%
338 R#2 N 04R#2 5.8700 30.485 2856.6 284.050 0.060% 0.250% 0.260%
339 final N 04final 5.8700 30.486 2856.6 284.045 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 0.002486 161746.97898 0.166668 0.000035 0.000413
340
341 Average VNIIOFI Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 970475.45939 1.00000
342 VNIIOFI 0.009% 0.248% 0.248%
343 Final VNIIOFI average relative standard uncertainty:
344 u-uncorr u-corr uf
345 VNIIOFI 0.0087% 0.2477% 0.2479%
346
347
348 NMI: NIST
349
350 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT NIST Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for NIST weighted mean
351 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
352 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
353 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
354
355 NIST20100 R#1 NIST20100R#1 5.822 30.270 2855.0 283.000 0.149% 0.200% 0.249%
356 R#2 NIST20100R#2 5.822 30.260 2853.0 282.600 0.110% 0.200% 0.228%
357 final NIST20100final 5.822 30.265 2854.0 282.742 0.089% 0.200% 0.219% 0.002188 208939.93383 0.175990 0.000078 0.000377
358
359 NIST20101 R#1 NIST20101R#1 5.918 30.600 2856.0 287.300 0.178% 0.200% 0.268%
360 R#2 NIST20101R#2 5.918 30.600 2855.0 287.500 0.163% 0.200% 0.258%
361 final NIST20101final 5.918 30.600 2855.5 287.409 0.120% 0.200% 0.233% 0.002333 183709.21591 0.154738 0.000093 0.000349
362
363 NIST20102 R#1 NIST20102R#1 5.905 30.440 2855.0 288.500 0.136% 0.200% 0.242%
364 R#2 NIST20102R#2 5.905 30.430 2854.0 288.300 0.202% 0.200% 0.285%
365 final NIST20102final 5.905 30.435 2854.5 288.438 0.113% 0.200% 0.230% 0.002297 189581.00531 0.159684 0.000090 0.000355
366
367 NIST20103 R#1 NIST20103R#1 5.877 30.510 2858.0 286.600 0.136% 0.200% 0.242%
368 R#2 NIST20103R#2 5.877 30.500 2856.0 285.900 0.142% 0.200% 0.245%
369 final NIST20103final 5.877 30.505 2857.0 286.265 0.098% 0.200% 0.223% 0.002228 201384.13264 0.169626 0.000083 0.000369
370
371 NIST20104 R#1 NIST20104R#1 5.683 30.700 2858.0 272.700 0.136% 0.200% 0.242%
372 R#2 NIST20104R#2 5.683 30.700 2857.0 272.200 0.136% 0.200% 0.242%
373 final NIST20104final 5.683 30.700 2857.5 272.450 0.096% 0.200% 0.222% 0.002219 203045.65317 0.171025 0.000082 0.000371
374
375 NIST20105 R#1 NIST20105R#1 5.922 30.590 2859.0 291.400 0.163% 0.200% 0.258%
376 R#2 NIST20105R#2 5.922 30.590 2857.0 290.800 0.125% 0.200% 0.236%
377 final NIST20105final 5.922 30.590 2858.0 291.023 0.099% 0.200% 0.223% 0.002233 200565.53657 0.168936 0.000084 0.000368
378

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Appendix_Cv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q
379 Average NIST Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 1187225.47744 1.00000
380 NIST 0.021% 0.219% 0.220%
381 Final NIST average relative standard uncertainty:
382 u-uncorr u-corr uf
383 NIST 0.0209% 0.2188% 0.2198%
384
385
386 NMI: NRC
387
388 Lamp# Round# Data ID Lamp Electrical Lamp CCT NRC Lamp Luminous Intensity (cd) Calculations for NRC weighted mean
389 Current(A) Voltage(V) K I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
390 random systematic final lamp (uf) uf 1/(uf)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
391 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) fractional normalised for combining lamps
392
393 NRC021 final NRC021final 5.661 30.356 2800.0 254.400 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 0.006135 26568.73431 0.166667 0.000083 0.001019
394
395 NRC022 final NRC022final 5.620 30.069 2800.0 251.600 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 0.006135 26568.73431 0.166667 0.000083 0.001019
396
397 NRC023 final NRC023final 5.635 30.211 2800.0 254.000 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 0.006135 26568.73431 0.166667 0.000083 0.001019
398
399 NRC026 final NRC026final 5.650 30.398 2800.0 252.200 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 0.006135 26568.73431 0.166667 0.000083 0.001019
400
401 NRC027 final NRC027final 5.665 30.461 2800.0 254.600 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 0.006135 26568.73431 0.166667 0.000083 0.001019
402
403 NRC030 final NRC030final 5.633 30.106 2800.0 253.800 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 0.006135 26568.73431 0.166667 0.000083 0.001019
404
405 Average NRC Luminous Intensity relative standard uncertainty sum: 159412.40587 1.00000
406 NRC 0.020% 0.611% 0.612%
407 Final NRC average relative standard uncertainty:
408 u-uncorr u-corr uf
409 NRC 0.0204% 0.6115% 0.6118%

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 8 of 15 Appendix C


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F Appendix_Dv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U
1 CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity
2 Draft B Report
3 2020-October-15
4 Appendix Dv2.1
5 Summary of Pilot Measurements of Participant Lamps
6
7
8 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
9 individual lamp measurements Lamp uncertainties are for combining
10 NMI: NMISA all NMISA lamp measurements
11
12 Lamp# Round# Data ID NMISA Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for NMISA+Pilot weighted means
13 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights Relative Uncertainties
14 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) uncorrelated correlated combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi uncorrelated correlated
15 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
16
17 “24” 4595 PTB 09 final “24” 4595 PTB 09final 268.850 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 85.224989 0.000429 0.000122 0.000889 0.099% 0.663% 0.670% 0.57096 3.067497 0.248890932 0.000246 0.001649
18 “39” 4596 PTB 09 final “39” 4596 PTB 09final 284.150 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 85.421999 0.000429 0.000122 0.000752 0.087% 0.663% 0.668% 0.57085 3.068722 0.248990335 0.000216 0.001650
19 “42” 4597 PTB 09 final “42” 4597 PTB 09final 275.839 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 85.339987 0.000429 0.000122 0.000143 0.045% 0.663% 0.664% 0.56681 3.112634 0.252553309 0.000114 0.001674
20 NSI 10 final NSI 10final 315.788 0.110% 0.653% 0.663% 85.824098 0.000429 0.000122 0.000215 0.048% 0.663% 0.664% 0.57019 3.075809 0.249565424 0.000120 0.001654
21
22 NMISA Summary sum: 12.32466 1.00000
23 NMISA-weighted mean: R(i)= 85.452603
24 Uncertainties Final NMISA + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
25 NMISA 0.0275% 0.6602% 0.6608% u-uncorr u-corr uf
26 NMISA + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0366% 0.6626% 0.6636% NMISA + Pilot 0.0366% 0.6626% 0.6636%
27 NMISA_transfer 0.0614%
28 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
29 NMI: NIM all NIM lamp measurements
30
31 Lamp# Round# Data ID NIM Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for NIM+Pilot weighted means
32 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
33 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
34 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
35
36 NIM-01(Wi41/G-96) final NIM-01(Wi41/G-96)final 253.012 0.030% 0.167% 0.170% 86.340464 0.000429 0.000122 0.000887 0.099% 0.170% 0.197% 0.16966 34.74019 0.218689827 0.000215 0.000372
37 NIM-02(Wi41/G-152) final NIM-02(Wi41/G-152)final 263.660 0.028% 0.167% 0.169% 86.225685 0.000429 0.000122 0.002458 0.249% 0.170% 0.302% 0.26016 14.77449 0.093005545 0.000232 0.000158
38 NIM-03(Wi41/G-164) final NIM-03(Wi41/G-164)final 275.164 0.008% 0.167% 0.167% 86.202028 0.000429 0.000122 0.001285 0.136% 0.168% 0.216% 0.18582 28.96062 0.182307413 0.000247 0.000306
39 NIM-04(Wi41/G-180) final NIM-04(Wi41/G-180)final 265.251 0.018% 0.167% 0.168% 86.090246 0.000429 0.000122 0.000221 0.048% 0.168% 0.175% 0.15083 43.95691 0.276709193 0.000133 0.000466
40 NIM-05(Wi41/G-189) final NIM-05(Wi41/G-189)final 269.520 0.019% 0.167% 0.168% 86.490125 0.000429 0.000122 0.000803 0.091% 0.169% 0.192% 0.16569 36.42377 0.229288022 0.000209 0.000386
41
42 NIM Summary sum: 158.85598 1.00000
43 NIM-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.269629
44 Uncertainties Final NIM + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
45 NIM 0.0049% 0.1681% 0.1681% u-uncorr u-corr uf
46 NIM + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0472% 0.1688% 0.1753% NIM + Pilot 0.0472% 0.1688% 0.1753%
47 NIM_transfer 0.0494%
48 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
49 NMI: NMIA all NMIA lamp measurements
50
51 Lamp# Round# Data ID NMIA Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for NMIA+Pilot weighted means
52 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
53 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
54 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
55
56 S7 final S7final 298.735 0.006% 0.152% 0.152% 85.962034 0.000429 0.000122 0.001042 0.113% 0.152% 0.190% 0.16298 37.64564 0.16301544 0.000184 0.000249
57 350 LI3 final 350 LI3final 298.551 0.012% 0.152% 0.153% 86.046121 0.000429 0.000122 0.000256 0.050% 0.153% 0.161% 0.13859 52.06672 0.225462458 0.000113 0.000345
58 318 SI2 final 318 SI2final 305.829 0.014% 0.152% 0.152% 86.140581 0.000429 0.000122 0.000835 0.094% 0.153% 0.179% 0.15455 41.86359 0.181280261 0.000170 0.000277
59 306 S15 final 306 S15final 308.551 0.012% 0.152% 0.152% 86.125138 0.000429 0.000122 0.000505 0.066% 0.153% 0.167% 0.14350 48.55967 0.210276009 0.000139 0.000321
60 288 SI4 final 288 SI4final 301.555 0.036% 0.152% 0.156% 86.200848 0.000429 0.000122 0.000120 0.045% 0.157% 0.163% 0.14031 50.79737 0.219965832 0.000098 0.000344
61
62 NMIA Summary sum: 230.93300 1.00000
63 NMIA-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.100187
64 Uncertainties Final NMIA + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
65 NMIA 0.0041% 0.1528% 0.1529% u-uncorr u-corr uf
66 NMIA + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0323% 0.1537% 0.1571% NMIA + Pilot 0.0323% 0.1537% 0.1571%
67 NMIA_transfer 0.0360%
68 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
69 NMI: NMIJ all NMIJ lamp measurements
70
71 Lamp# Round# Data ID NMIJ Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for NMIJ+Pilot weighted means
72 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
73 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
74 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
75
76 #37 final #37final 242.150 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 86.638944 0.000350 0.000122 0.001108 0.116% 0.264% 0.288% 0.24994 16.00753 0.176760272 0.000205 0.000467
77 #40 final #40final 250.395 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 86.682269 0.000350 0.000122 0.000056 0.035% 0.264% 0.266% 0.23093 18.75147 0.207059735 0.000073 0.000547
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 9 of 15 Appendix D
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Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F Appendix_Dv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U
78 #51 final #51final 240.707 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 86.701927 0.000350 0.000122 0.000303 0.046% 0.264% 0.268% 0.23242 18.51144 0.204409186 0.000095 0.000540
79 #52 final #52final 241.495 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 86.668812 0.000350 0.000122 0.000297 0.046% 0.264% 0.268% 0.23227 18.53537 0.204673479 0.000094 0.000540
80 #58 final #58final 244.392 0.064% 0.256% 0.264% 86.601076 0.000350 0.000122 0.000123 0.037% 0.264% 0.267% 0.23091 18.75488 0.207097328 0.000077 0.000547
81
82 NMIJ Summary sum: 90.56070 1.00000
83 NMIJ-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.659060
84 Uncertainties Final NMIJ + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
85 NMIJ 0.0142% 0.2618% 0.2622% u-uncorr u-corr uf
86 NMIJ + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0267% 0.2640% 0.2654% NMIJ + Pilot 0.0267% 0.2640% 0.2654%
87 NMIJ_transfer 0.0408%
88 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
89 NMI: IO-CSIC all IO-CSIC lamp measurements
90
91 Lamp# Round# Data ID IO-CSIC Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for IO-CSIC+Pilot weighted means
92 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
93 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
94 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
95
96 Wi95A final Wi95Afinal 278.294 0.005% 0.310% 0.310% 86.199291 0.000429 0.000122 0.000807 0.091% 0.310% 0.323% 0.27881 12.86417 0.195292059 0.000178 0.000606
97 Wi95B final Wi95Bfinal 285.188 0.003% 0.310% 0.310% 86.162482 0.000429 0.000122 0.000959 0.105% 0.310% 0.328% 0.28224 12.55373 0.190579163 0.000200 0.000591
98 Wi95C final Wi95Cfinal 286.637 0.002% 0.310% 0.310% 86.229941 0.000429 0.000122 0.000322 0.054% 0.310% 0.315% 0.27150 13.56655 0.205955007 0.000110 0.000639
99 Wi95D final Wi95Dfinal 271.222 0.003% 0.310% 0.310% 85.980405 0.000429 0.000122 0.000633 0.076% 0.310% 0.320% 0.27474 13.24842 0.201125343 0.000154 0.000624
100 A454 final A454final 433.899 0.009% 0.310% 0.310% 86.239028 0.000459 0.000122 0.000123 0.048% 0.310% 0.314% 0.27078 13.63858 0.207048428 0.000098 0.000643
101
102 IO-CSIC Summary sum: 65.87145 1.00000
103 IO-CSIC-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.162792
104 Uncertainties Final IO-CSIC + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
105 IO-CSIC 0.0011% 0.3100% 0.3100% u-uncorr u-corr uf
106 IO-CSIC + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0343% 0.3103% 0.3122% IO-CSIC + Pilot 0.0343% 0.3103% 0.3122%
107 IO-CSIC_transfer 0.0365%
108 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
109 NMI: LNE-CNAM all LNE-CNAM lamp measurements
110
111 Lamp# Round# Data ID LNE-CNAM Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for LNE-CNAM+Pilot weighted means
112 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
113 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
114 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
115
116 926 final 926final 234.125 0.162% 0.220% 0.273% 87.151593 0.000350 0.000122 0.000890 0.096% 0.274% 0.290% 0.25258 15.67491 0.373165218 0.000357 0.001021
117 936 final 936final 241.568 0.180% 0.220% 0.284% 88.029666 0.000350 0.000122 0.002348 0.237% 0.285% 0.371% 0.32629 9.392788 0.223609635 0.000531 0.000636
118 A430 final A430final 397.346 0.162% 0.220% 0.273% 87.423860 0.000459 0.000122 0.000171 0.049% 0.274% 0.278% 0.24298 16.93759 0.403225148 0.000197 0.001103
119
120 Summary sum: 42.00529 1.00000
121 LNE-CNAM-weighted mean: R(i)= 87.457723
122 Uncertainties Final LNE-CNAM + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
123 LNE-CNAM 0.0485% 0.2638% 0.2682% u-uncorr u-corr uf
124 LNE-CNAM + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0669% 0.2761% 0.2841% LNE-CNAM + Pilot 0.0669% 0.2761% 0.2841%
125 LNE-CNAM_transfer 0.0936%
126 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
127 NMI: METAS all METAS lamp measurements
128
129 Lamp# Round# Data ID METAS Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for METAS+Pilot weighted means
130 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
131 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
132 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
133
134 506 final 506final 276.211 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 86.258517 0.000429 0.000122 0.000121 0.045% 0.314% 0.317% 0.27337 13.38156 0.169279687 0.000075 0.000531
135 684 final 684final 277.914 0.030% 0.312% 0.314% 86.112881 0.000429 0.000122 0.000012 0.043% 0.314% 0.317% 0.27298 13.42002 0.169766281 0.000073 0.000533
136 841 final 841final 280.587 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 86.381991 0.000429 0.000122 0.000413 0.060% 0.314% 0.319% 0.27587 13.1396 0.166218887 0.000099 0.000522
137 1060 final 1060final 272.627 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 86.190786 0.000429 0.000122 0.000602 0.074% 0.314% 0.322% 0.27786 12.9524 0.163850777 0.000121 0.000514
138 1063 final 1063final 284.197 0.027% 0.312% 0.314% 86.229931 0.000429 0.000122 0.000732 0.085% 0.314% 0.325% 0.28030 12.72808 0.161013003 0.000137 0.000505
139 1064 final 1064final 288.232 0.026% 0.312% 0.313% 86.068002 0.000429 0.000122 0.000163 0.046% 0.314% 0.317% 0.27289 13.42833 0.169871366 0.000078 0.000533
140
141 Summary sum: 79.04999 1.00000
142 METAS-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.206253
143 Uncertainties Final METAS + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
144 METAS 0.0056% 0.3133% 0.3133% u-uncorr u-corr uf
145 METAS + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0245% 0.3138% 0.3148% METAS + Pilot 0.0245% 0.3138% 0.3148%
146 METAS_transfer 0.0301%
147 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
148 NMI: NPL all NPL lamp measurements
149
150 Lamp# Round# Data ID NPL Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for NPL+Pilot weighted means
151 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
152 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
153 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
154
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Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F Appendix_Dv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U
155 A644 final A644final 451.875 0.058% 0.158% 0.168% 86.471175 0.000459 0.000122 0.000566 0.073% 0.169% 0.184% 0.15895 39.58029 0.198756516 0.000145 0.000335
156 A647 final A647final 459.530 0.058% 0.158% 0.168% 86.503670 0.000459 0.000122 0.000293 0.054% 0.169% 0.177% 0.15338 42.50903 0.213463522 0.000116 0.000360
157 PA758 final PA758final 460.515 0.058% 0.158% 0.168% 86.629919 0.000459 0.000122 0.000516 0.069% 0.169% 0.182% 0.15795 40.0844 0.201287989 0.000139 0.000340
158 877 final 877final 276.340 0.082% 0.158% 0.178% 86.585864 0.000429 0.000122 0.000376 0.057% 0.178% 0.187% 0.16219 38.01411 0.190891815 0.000109 0.000341
159 890 final 890final 273.930 0.082% 0.158% 0.178% 86.559634 0.000429 0.000122 0.000243 0.049% 0.178% 0.185% 0.16023 38.95173 0.195600158 0.000096 0.000349
160
161 NPL Summary sum: 199.13957 1.00000
162 NPL-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.549260
163 Uncertainties Final NPL + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
164 NPL 0.0151% 0.1686% 0.1692% u-uncorr u-corr uf
165 NPL + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0274% 0.1725% 0.1746% NPL + Pilot 0.0274% 0.1725% 0.1746%
166 NPL_transfer 0.0431%
167 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
168 NMI: PTB all PTB lamp measurements
169
170 Lamp# Round# Data ID PTB Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for PTB+Pilot weighted means
171 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
172 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
173 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
174
175 759 final 759final 236.215 0.088% 0.130% 0.157% 86.234506 0.000429 0.000122 0.000609 0.075% 0.158% 0.174% 0.15030 44.26968 0.158817616 0.000118 0.000250
176 791 final 791final 247.540 0.085% 0.130% 0.155% 86.189513 0.000429 0.000122 0.000138 0.045% 0.156% 0.162% 0.13972 51.22315 0.183763219 0.000083 0.000286
177 793 final 793final 245.984 0.088% 0.130% 0.157% 86.260429 0.000429 0.000122 0.000818 0.092% 0.158% 0.183% 0.15755 40.28643 0.144527687 0.000134 0.000228
178 848 final 848final 228.535 0.085% 0.130% 0.155% 86.239953 0.000429 0.000122 0.000435 0.061% 0.156% 0.167% 0.14425 48.06017 0.172416019 0.000105 0.000268
179 851 final 851final 233.515 0.085% 0.130% 0.155% 86.233833 0.000429 0.000122 0.000637 0.077% 0.156% 0.174% 0.14972 44.61168 0.160044535 0.000123 0.000249
180 858 final 858final 225.069 0.088% 0.130% 0.157% 86.204822 0.000429 0.000122 0.000096 0.044% 0.158% 0.164% 0.14101 50.29429 0.180430924 0.000079 0.000284
181
182 Summary sum: 278.74541 1.00000
183 PTB-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.225460
184 Uncertainties Final PTB + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
185 PTB 0.0177% 0.1500% 0.1511% u-uncorr u-corr uf
186 PTB + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0267% 0.1566% 0.1589% PTB + Pilot 0.0267% 0.1566% 0.1589%
187 PTB_transfer 0.0491%
188 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
189 NMI: VNIIOFI all VNIIOFI lamp measurements
190
191 Lamp# Round# Data ID VNIIOFI Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for VNIIOFI+Pilot weighted means
192 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
193 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
194 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
195
196 3281 final 3281final 274.265 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 85.590866 0.000429 0.000122 0.001309 0.138% 0.249% 0.285% 0.24353 16.86199 0.15936868 0.000220 0.000397
197 3282 final 3282final 276.875 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 85.734964 0.000429 0.000122 0.001173 0.125% 0.249% 0.279% 0.23880 17.53544 0.16573364 0.000207 0.000413
198 N 01 final N 01final 286.864 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 85.588783 0.000429 0.000122 0.000448 0.062% 0.249% 0.257% 0.21959 20.73790 0.19600125 0.000122 0.000488
199 N 02 final N 02final 285.529 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 85.709032 0.000429 0.000122 0.001196 0.127% 0.249% 0.279% 0.23955 17.42616 0.16470088 0.000209 0.000410
200 N 03 final N 03final 284.099 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 85.502599 0.000429 0.000122 0.002160 0.220% 0.249% 0.332% 0.28421 12.37983 0.11700620 0.000258 0.000291
201 N 04 final N 04final 284.045 0.042% 0.245% 0.249% 85.591162 0.000429 0.000122 0.000402 0.059% 0.249% 0.256% 0.21893 20.86361 0.19718936 0.000116 0.000491
202
203 Summary sum: 105.80493 1.00000
204 VNIIOFI-weighted mean: R(i)= 85.623532
205 Uncertainties Final VNIIOFI + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
206 VNIIOFI 0.0087% 0.2477% 0.2479% u-uncorr u-corr uf
207 VNIIOFI + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0479% 0.2489% 0.2535% VNIIOFI + Pilot 0.0479% 0.2489% 0.2535%
208 VNIIOFI_transfer 0.0531%
209 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
210 NMI: NIST all NIST lamp measurements
211
212 Lamp# Round# Data ID NIST Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for NIST+Pilot weighted means
213 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
214 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
215 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
216
217 NIST20100 final NIST20100final 282.742 0.089% 0.200% 0.219% 86.302305 0.000429 0.000122 0.000969 0.106% 0.219% 0.243% 0.21005 22.66487 0.156983006 0.000166 0.000344
218 NIST20101 final NIST20101final 287.409 0.120% 0.200% 0.233% 86.265433 0.000429 0.000122 0.000848 0.095% 0.234% 0.252% 0.21756 21.12687 0.146330347 0.000139 0.000342
219 NIST20102 final NIST20102final 288.438 0.113% 0.200% 0.230% 86.368920 0.000429 0.000122 0.000123 0.045% 0.230% 0.234% 0.20235 24.42365 0.169164733 0.000075 0.000389
220 NIST20103 final NIST20103final 286.265 0.098% 0.200% 0.223% 86.304520 0.000429 0.000122 0.000280 0.051% 0.223% 0.229% 0.19761 25.60772 0.17736598 0.000091 0.000396
221 NIST20104 final NIST20104final 272.450 0.096% 0.200% 0.222% 86.344087 0.000429 0.000122 0.000096 0.044% 0.222% 0.227% 0.19562 26.13128 0.180992258 0.000080 0.000402
222 NIST20105 final NIST20105final 291.023 0.099% 0.200% 0.223% 86.240820 0.000429 0.000122 0.000566 0.071% 0.224% 0.235% 0.20235 24.42349 0.169163677 0.000120 0.000378
223
224 Summary sum: 144.37788 1.00000
225 NIST-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.305732
226 Uncertainties Final NIST + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
227 NIST 0.0209% 0.2188% 0.2198% u-uncorr u-corr uf
228 NIST + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0286% 0.2251% 0.2269% NIST + Pilot 0.0286% 0.2251% 0.2269%
229 NIST_transfer 0.0563%
230 Lamp uncertainties are for combining
231 NMI: NRC all NRC lamp measurements
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 11 of 15 Appendix D
CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F Appendix_Dv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U
232
233 Lamp# Round# Data ID NRC Lamp Luminous Intensity Pilot Measurements Combined Uncertainty u(R(i,j) ) Calculations for NRC+Pilot weighted means
234 I(cd) Relative Standard Uncertainty R(i,j) Relative Standard Uncertainty Relative Standard Uncertainty Weights
235 random systematic final lamp (uf) <cd/V> u-uncorr u-corr u-uncorr(lamp) u-uncorr u-corr combined uT uT 1/(uT)^2 wi wi*u-uncorr wi*u-corr
236 u-uncorr u-corr SQRT(u-uncorr^2 + u-corr^2) cd/V normalised
237
238 NRC021 final NRC021final 254.400 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 86.710956 0.000303 0.000122 0.000663 0.073% 0.614% 0.618% 0.53582 3.48310 0.165944 0.000121 0.001018
239 NRC022 final NRC022final 251.600 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 86.432845 0.000303 0.000122 0.000604 0.068% 0.614% 0.617% 0.53358 3.51242 0.167341 0.000113 0.001027
240 NRC023 final NRC023final 254.000 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 86.667211 0.000303 0.000122 0.000168 0.035% 0.614% 0.615% 0.53266 3.52457 0.167920 0.000058 0.001030
241 NRC026 final NRC026final 252.200 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 86.838748 0.000303 0.000122 0.000788 0.084% 0.614% 0.619% 0.53789 3.45635 0.164669 0.000139 0.001010
242 NRC027 final NRC027final 254.600 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 86.676055 0.000303 0.000122 0.000294 0.042% 0.614% 0.615% 0.53312 3.51843 0.167627 0.000071 0.001029
243 NRC030 final NRC030final 253.800 0.100% 0.605% 0.614% 86.872708 0.000303 0.000122 0.000413 0.051% 0.614% 0.616% 0.53492 3.49476 0.166499 0.000085 0.001022
244
245 Summary sum: 20.98962 1.00000
246 NRC-weighted mean: R(i)= 86.699196
247 Uncertainties Final NRC + Pilot relative standard uncertainty:
248 NRC 0.0204% 0.6115% 0.6118% u-uncorr u-corr uf
249 NRC + Pilot (u(Ri)) 0.0250% 0.6136% 0.6141% NRC + Pilot 0.0250% 0.6136% 0.6141%
250 NRC_transfer 0.0534%

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 12 of 15 Appendix D


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F

Appendix_Ev2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X
1 CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity
2 Draft B Report
3 2020-October-15
4 Appendix Ev2.1
5 Calculation of the KCRV and the Unilateral DoE
6 0.0006163 Draft Av1.0 value
7 0.0003400 Draft Av2.0 value
8 Mandel-Paule adjustment s: 0.0003100 (relative standard uncertainty)
9
10 Unilateral DoE
11 Relative Standard Uncertainties Uncertainty u(c,t,s) KCRV uncertainty calculation Outlier Test Chi-square Unilateral DoE ui(Di) for k=1
12 NMI R(i) u(NMI) uc(NMI) Pilot Transfer cutoff NMI+transfer+s KCRV weights wi u(R(i))=u(NMI)+u(t) wi*u(R(i)) R(i)-KCRV (R(i)-KCRV)/u(NMI) (R(i)-KCRV)^2/u(c,t,s)^2 Di correlation term ui(Di) k=1
13 cd/V no cutoff with cutoff u(t) relative standard cd/V 1/u(c,t,s)^2 normalised relative Standard cd/V cd/V cd/V 16.906950 (Ri-KCRV)/KCRV cd/V ui(Di)/KCRV Di/ui
14
15
16 1 NMIJ 86.659060 0.002622 0.002622 0.000408 0.002672 0.231546 18.652039 0.071599 0.002654 0.229982 0.016467 0.403221 1.77 3.032584 0.004675 0.007574 0.220850 0.002560 1.8258
17 2 NIM 86.269629 0.001681 0.001722 0.000494 0.001818 0.156878 40.632629 0.155976 0.001753 0.151194 0.023583 0.013790 0.10 0.007727 0.000160 0.007131 0.138511 0.001606 0.0996
18 3 PTB 86.225460 0.001511 0.001722 0.000491 0.001818 0.156726 40.711690 0.156280 0.001589 0.136982 0.021408 -0.030379 -0.23 0.037572 -0.000352 0.005865 0.127891 0.001483 -0.2375
19 4 METAS 86.206253 0.003133 0.003133 0.000301 0.003163 0.272672 13.449899 0.051630 0.003148 0.271359 0.014010 -0.049586 -0.18 0.033070 -0.000575 0.007604 0.263608 0.003056 -0.1881
20 5 NIST 86.305732 0.002198 0.002198 0.000563 0.002290 0.197679 25.590523 0.098234 0.002269 0.195860 0.019240 0.049893 0.26 0.063704 0.000578 0.007537 0.185152 0.002147 0.2695
21 6 NMIA 86.100187 0.001529 0.001722 0.000360 0.001787 0.153834 42.256726 0.162211 0.001571 0.135221 0.021934 -0.155652 -1.18 1.023773 -0.001805 0.005932 0.125736 0.001458 -1.2379
22 7 VNIIOFI 85.623532 0.002479 0.002479 0.000531 0.002554 0.218685 20.910394 0.080269 0.002535 0.217068 0.017424 -0.632307 -2.98 8.360223 -0.007331 0.007564 0.207391 0.002404 -3.0489
23 8 IO-CSIC 86.162792 0.003100 0.003100 0.000365 0.003137 0.270298 13.687225 0.052541 0.003122 0.268975 0.014132 -0.093046 -0.35 0.118499 -0.001079 0.007602 0.261155 0.003028 -0.3563
24 9 NPL 86.549260 0.001692 0.001722 0.000431 0.001802 0.155991 41.095974 0.157755 0.001746 0.151156 0.023846 0.293421 2.00 3.538205 0.003402 0.007209 0.138189 0.001602 2.1233
25 10 NMISA 85.452603 0.006608 0.006608 0.000614 0.006644 0.567723 0.000000 0.000000 0.006636 0.567105 0.000000 -0.803236 -1.42 0.000000 -0.009312 0.000000 0.570144 0.006610 -1.4088
26 11 NRC 86.699196 0.006118 0.006118 0.000534 0.006149 0.533124 3.518389 0.013506 0.006141 0.532446 0.007191 0.443357 0.84 0.691594 0.005140 0.007658 0.528486 0.006127 0.8389
27
28 median NMI uncertainty: 0.002339 SUM(wi): 260.505487 1.000000 u(KCRV): 0.058794
29 cutoff uncertainty: 0.001722
30
31 KCRV: 86.255839 cd/V
32 u(KCRV): 0.058794 cd/V
33 u(KCRV): 0.000682 (relative standard uncertainty)
34
35 for plot text box: Mandel-Paule adjustment s: 0.00031 (relative standard uncertainty)
36 u(KCRV): 0.00068 (relative standard uncertainty)
37
38 for plot: 0.0 0.000682 -0.000682
39 12.0 0.000682 -0.000682
40 0.000682 -0.000682
41 0.000682 -0.000682
42 0.000682 -0.000682
43 0.000682 -0.000682
44 0.000682 -0.000682
45 0.000682 -0.000682
46 0.000682 -0.000682
47 0.000682 -0.000682
48 0.000682 -0.000682
49 0.000682 -0.000682
50 0.000682 -0.000682

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 13 of 15 Appendix E


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F

Appendix_Fv2.1

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z AA
1 CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity
2 Draft B Report
3 2020-October-15
4 Appendix Fv2.1
5 Calculation of the Bilateral DoE (uij, k=1)
6 ui and uij are k=1 uncertainties
7
8
9 j: IO-CSIC METAS NIM NIST NMIA NMIJ NMISA NPL NRC PTB VNIIOFI
10 i NMI Di ui Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij Dij uij
11 1 IO-CSIC -0.001079 0.003028 -0.000504 0.004433 -0.001239 0.003580 -0.001657 0.003859 0.000726 0.003494 -0.005753 0.004097 0.008234 0.007334 -0.004480 0.003577 -0.006219 0.006889 -0.000727 0.003503 0.006252 0.004021
12 2 METAS -0.000575 0.003056 0.000504 0.004433 -0.000735 0.003603 -0.001153 0.003881 0.001230 0.003518 -0.005250 0.004117 0.008737 0.007345 -0.003977 0.003600 -0.005715 0.006901 -0.000223 0.003526 0.006756 0.004042
13 3 NIM 0.000160 0.001606 0.001239 0.003580 0.000735 0.003603 -0.000419 0.002867 0.001964 0.002353 -0.004515 0.003180 0.009472 0.006864 -0.003242 0.002474 -0.004980 0.006386 0.000512 0.002365 0.007490 0.003082
14 4 NIST 0.000578 0.002147 0.001657 0.003859 0.001153 0.003881 0.000419 0.002867 0.002383 0.002760 -0.004096 0.003492 0.009891 0.007014 -0.002823 0.002864 -0.004562 0.006547 0.000931 0.002770 0.007909 0.003403
15 5 NMIA -0.001805 0.001458 -0.000726 0.003494 -0.001230 0.003518 -0.001964 0.002353 -0.002383 0.002760 -0.006479 0.003084 0.007508 0.006820 -0.005206 0.002349 -0.006945 0.006339 -0.001452 0.002234 0.005526 0.002982
16 6 NMIJ 0.004675 0.002560 0.005753 0.004097 0.005250 0.004117 0.004515 0.003180 0.004096 0.003492 0.006479 0.003084 0.013987 0.007147 0.001273 0.003177 -0.000465 0.006690 0.005027 0.003093 0.012005 0.003670
17 7 NMISA -0.009312 0.006610 -0.008234 0.007334 -0.008737 0.007345 -0.009472 0.006864 -0.009891 0.007014 -0.007508 0.006820 -0.013987 0.007147 -0.012714 0.006862 -0.014452 0.009042 -0.008960 0.006824 -0.001982 0.007104
18 8 NPL 0.003402 0.001602 0.004480 0.003577 0.003977 0.003600 0.003242 0.002474 0.002823 0.002864 0.005206 0.002349 -0.001273 0.003177 0.012714 0.006862 -0.001738 0.006385 0.003754 0.002361 0.010732 0.003078
19 9 NRC 0.005140 0.006127 0.006219 0.006889 0.005715 0.006901 0.004980 0.006386 0.004562 0.006547 0.006945 0.006339 0.000465 0.006690 0.014452 0.009042 0.001738 0.006385 0.005492 0.006343 0.012471 0.006644
20 10 PTB -0.000352 0.001483 0.000727 0.003503 0.000223 0.003526 -0.000512 0.002365 -0.000931 0.002770 0.001452 0.002234 -0.005027 0.003093 0.008960 0.006824 -0.003754 0.002361 -0.005492 0.006343 0.006978 0.002992
21 11 VNIIOFI -0.007331 0.002404 -0.006252 0.004021 -0.006756 0.004042 -0.007490 0.003082 -0.007909 0.003403 -0.005526 0.002982 -0.012005 0.003670 0.001982 0.007104 -0.010732 0.003078 -0.012471 0.006644 -0.006978 0.002992

CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 14 of 15 Appendix F


CCPR-K3.2014: Luminous Intensity 2022-May-20
Final Report, Appendices C,D,E,F DOE.plt

CCPR-K3.2014 Luminous Intensity Unilateral Degrees of Equivalence


0.020

DoE
0.015 +u(KCRV)
-u(KCRV)

0.010

0.005
DOE

0.000

-0.005

-0.010

Uncertainties are k=1 uncertainties

u(KCRV): 0.00068 (relative standard uncertainty)


-0.015

Mandel-Paule adjustment s: 0.00031 (relative standard uncertainty)

-0.020
NMIJ NIM PTB METAS NIST NMIA VNIIOFI IO-CSIC NPL NMISA NRC

CCPR-K3.2014:Luminous Intensity Draft B Page 15 of 15 CCPR-K3-2014DraftBAppendicesCDEF.xlsx

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