Chapter 1: Birth of the National Hero 6.

Maria (1859-1945) (Biang) - Daniel

Birthday Faustino Cruz
• June 19, 1861 7. Jose (1861-1896) (Pepe)
• Wednesday 8. Concepcion (1862-1865) (Concha) - died
• Between 11:00pm - 12:am (3) years old)
• 7th child 9. Josefa (1865-1945) (Panggoy) - old maid
• Calamba, Laguna (80) years old)
10. Trinidad (1868-1951) (Trining) - old maid
Baptism (83 years old) 11. Soledad (1870-1929)
• June 22, 1861 - 3 days after birth (Choleng) - Pantaleon Quintero
• Parish priest - Fr. Rufino Collantes
• Godfather - Fr Pedro Casanas Family Tree
• Given name - Jose Father Side
• Domingo Lameo, Ines Dela Rosa ->
Rizal Family (parents and siblings) Francisco Mercado, Cirila Bernacha -> Juan
Father Mercado, Cirila Alejandra -> Francisco
• Francisco Mercado Rizal (1818-1898) Mercado
• Birth: Binan, Laguna - May 11, 1818 Mother side
• St Joseph College in Manila (Kolehiyo ng • Eugenio Ursua, Begina -> Renigna,
San Jose) Manuel de Quintos - > Brigida, Lorenzo
• Latin and Philosophy Alberto Alonso -> Teodora Alonso Realonda
• Mortality: Manila - January 5, 1898 (80 Family Tree
years old)

Mother
• Teodora Alonso Realonda
(1826-1911)
• Birth: November 8, 1826
• Santa Rosa College L
• Mortality: Manila - August 16, 1911
(85 years old)

Siblings
1. Saturnina (1850-1913) (Neneng) -
Manuel T Hidalgo
2. Paciano (1851-1930) - Severina Decena,
Joined the revolution
3. Narcisa (1852-1939) (Sisa) - Antonio
Lopez
4. Olimpia (1855-1887) (Ypia) - Silvestre
Ubaldo
5. Lucia (1857-1919) Mariano Herbosa,
refused Christian burial
Rizal Name
• Mercado - Palengke (Market)
• Rizal - Ricial rice field (green field)
• Spanish Alcalde Mayor (Provincial
Governor)

Rizal Home
• Calamba, Laguna
• 2 storey house
• Stone made
• Garden

Rizal Family
• Principalia
• Land renting from Dominican order
• Farming (rice, corn, sugar cane)
• Domesticated animals (Pigs, Chicken,
Turkey)
• Religious Family
Chapter 2
CALAMBA UNANG DRAMA NI RIZAL:
• CALAMBA-BANGA • 8 YRS OLD
• RULED BY DOMINICAN ORDER • TAGALOG COMEDY
• SOUTH - MT MAKILING - BATANGAS • PISTA SA CALAMBA
• EAST - LAGUNA LAKE • GOBERNADORCILLO NG PAETE
• NORTH - ANTIPOLO • 2 PESOS
• 15 YRS OLD - ATENEO - UN
RECUERDO A MI PUEBLO (ISANG SALAMANGKERO:
ALAALA SA AKING BAYAN) • PAGMUMUNI-MUNI SA TABING-LAWA
• USMAN
ALAALA NG KABATAAN:
• SAKITIN MGA IMPLUWENSIYA SA KABATAA NG
• BAHAY KUBO BAYANI:
• YAYA • NAMAMANA
• PAGDARASAL • TSINO
- SERYOSO
FIRST SORROW (UNANG - MASINOP
KALUNGKUTAN - PASENSIYOSO
• DEATH OF CONCHA - MAPAGMAHAL SA BATA
• ESPANYOL
DEBOTONG ANAK NG SIMBAHAN: - ELEGANTE
• KATOLIKO - MARAMDAMIN SA INSULTO
• 3 YEARS OLD - GALANTE SA KABABAIHAN
• 5 YRS OLD READING BIBLE IN
SPANISH • AMA
• MANONG JOSE - PAGPAPAHALAGA SA SARILI
• FR LEONCIO LOPEZ-PARISH PRIEST - PAGMAMAHAL SA GAWA
(KURA PAROKO) - PAGIGING MALAYA SA PAG-IISIP

PEREGRINATION TO ANTIPOLO: • INA

• JUNE 6, 1868 - RELIHIYOSO
• MANILA - DIWA NG PAG-MAMALASAKIT
• SATURNINA-LA CONCORDIA SA SANTA - PAGMAMAHAL SA SINING AT
ANA LITERATURE

STORY OF THE MOTH KAPALIGIRAN

• PACIANO
TALINONG PANSINING: - PAGMAMAHAL SA KALAYAAN AT
• 5 YRS OLD KATARUNGAN
• WAX • KAPATID NA BABAE
- PAG-GALANG SA MGA KABABAIHAN
UNANG TULA NI RIZAL • JOSE ALBERTO
• SA AKING MGA KABABATA - SINING
• MANUEL
- PALAKASAN, PISIKAL NA EHERSISYO
• GREGORIO
- PAGBABASA NG MAGAGANDANG
AKLAT
• LEONCIO LOPEZ
- PAGMAMAHAL SA PAG-AARAL
• PAGKAMATAY NI CONCHA
• PAGKAKULONG NG INA
• PAG BITAY SA 3 PARI

TULONG NG MAYKAPAL
Chapter 3 PAGKAMARTIR NG GOM-BUR-ZA
MGA GURO • Cavite Mutiny
• Unang guro ni Rizal • Francisco La Madrid
• Ibang guro: • Rafael Izquierdo
- Maestro Celestino • Francisco Zaldua
- Lucas Padua • Feb 17, 1872
- Leon Monroy
PAGKAMARTIR NG GOM-BUR-ZA
NAGTUNGO SI RIZAL SA BINAN • Cavite Mutiny
UNANG ARAW SA PAARALAN NG • Francisco La Madrid
BINAN • Rafael Izquierdo
• Justiniano Aquino Cruz • Francisco Zaldua
• Pedro • Feb 17, 1872

UNANG PAKIKIPAG-AWAY SA KAWALANG KATARUNGAN SA INA NG

PAARALAN BAYANI
• Pedro • June 1872
• Andres Salandanan • Dona Teodora
• Jose Alberto
PAG-AARAL NG PANPINTA SA BINAN •Antonio Vivencio Del Rosario
• Juancho • Calamba to Sta. Cruz
• Jose Guevarra • 50 Km
• 2 ½ taon
ARAW-ARAW NA BUHAY NI RIZAL • Francisco de Marcaida
• 4 am • Manuel Marzan
• Hardin
• Agahan
• Paaralan 10am
• Leandro
• 2pm - 5pm
• Aral
• Hapunan (Ayungin)
• Laro

PINAKA MAHUSAY NA MAG-AARAL SA

PAARALAN
PAG TATAPOS NG PAG-AARAL SA
BINAN
• Talim
• Arturo Camps
CHAPTER 4: Pangalawang Taon sa Ateneo (1873-74)
• Ateneo Municipal - Spanish Jesuits - • Dona Pepay
Escuela Pia (paaralang Kawanggawa) • Emperador
• Kolehiyo ng San Juan de Letran - • Gold medal
Dominiko
Paghula sa Pagpapalaya sa Ina
Pumasok si Rizal sa Ateneo: • Pag dalaw sa ina
• Entrance exam - San Juan de Letran • 3 months
• Ateneo Municipal • Joseph
• Padre Magin Ferrando
• Manuel Xerez Burgos Hilig sa Pag babasa
• Pag gamit ng Rizal na apelyido • Favorite novel - The Count of Monte
• Titay Cristo - Alexander Dumas
• 300 pesos • Universal history - Cesar Cantu
• Travels in the Philippines - Dr. Feodor
Ang Sistemang Pang-edukasyon ng mga Jagor
Heswita:
• Imperyo Romano - Pula Imperyo Pangatlong Taon sa Ateneo (1874-75)
• Carthagena - Asul • Pag dalaw ng ina
• Emperador - Emperor • Isang medalya sa latin
• Tribuna - Tribune • hindi naging maganda ang pinakita sa
• Dekuryon Decurion pag-aaral
• Senturyon Centurion • bumalik sa Calamba para mag bakasyon
• Tagapagdala ng bandila (Flag
bearer/Standard bearer) Ikaapat na taon sa Ateneo (1875-76)
• interno
Competition • Padre Francisco de Paula Sanchez
• Left side • Limang medalya
• Lower right side
• Left side - nakatagilid Huling Taon sa Ateneo (1876-77)
• Right side - baliktad • Pinakamahusay sa lahat ng subjects
• Donkey
Pagtatapos nang may Pinakamataas na
Unang taon ni Rizal sa Ateneo (1872-73) Karangalan
• Padre Jose Bech • 23 March 1877 - graduation
• 1 month emperador • 16 years old
• Religious picture • Bachelor of Arts
• Sta. Isabel - 3 pesos - Espanyol
• Pangalawang pwesto Iba pang Gawain sa Ateneo
• Kongregasion ni Maria - Secretary
Bakasyon sa Tag-araw Academy of Spanish Literature
• Calamba • Academy of Natural Sciences
• Saturnina - Tanawan • Painting - Agustin Saez
• Ina - Sta. Cruz • Sculpture - Romualdo de Jesus
• Gymnastics Mga gawaing panteatro ni Rizal
• Fencing • Dula - San Eustacio, Martir

Mga Istatwang ginawa sa Ateneo Unang Pag-ibig ni Rizal

• Birheng Maria - batikuling • Segunda Katigbak
• Padre Lleonart - Sacred Heart of Jesus • Batanguena
• 14 years old
• Trozo, Maynila
Anekdota tungkol kay Rizal • Mariano Katigbak
• Felix M. Roxas • Kolehiyo ng La Concordia - Olympia
- Pagiging mapag patawad • Love at first sight
- Manzano at Lesaca • Manuel Luz
• Manuel Xeres Burgos • Umuwi sa Calamba
- Matulungin • Eskrima (Fencing)
- Julio Meliza

Tulang Isinulat sa Ateneo

• Mi Primera Inspiracion (Aking unang
Inspirasyon)
• Felicitacion (pagbati)
• El Embarque: Himno a la Flota de
Magallanes (Ang paglisan: Himno para sa
Plot ani Magellan)
• Y Es Espanol: Elcano, el rímero en dar
la Vuelta al Mundo (At siya as Espanyol:
Elcano, ang Unang Nakaikot sa Mundo)
• El Combate: Urbiztondo, Terror de Jolo
(Ang Labanan: Urbiztondo, Kilabot ng Jolo)
• Un Recuerdo a Mi Pueblo (Sa Alaala ng
aking Bayan)
• Alianza Intima Entre la Religion y la
Buena Educacion (Malapit na Ugnayan ng
Relihiyon at Mabuting Edukasyon)
• Pol la Education Recibe Lustre la Patria
(Sa Edukasyon ay Magtatamo ng Liwanag
ng Bansa)
• Al Nino Jesus (Sa Sanggol na si Hesus)
• A La Virgen Maria (Para sa Birheng
Maria)
CHAPTER 5: Oposisyong ng Ina sa Other Literary works
Mataas na Pinag-aralan ► Zarsuela - Junto Al Pasig (sa Tabi ng
Pasig)
Pumasok si Rizal sa University ► Presented during Feast of Immaculate
► University of Sto. Tomas Concepcion in 8 Dec 1880
► Philosophy and letters ► Sonata - A Filipinas
► Fr Pablo Ramon (Rektor ng Ateneo) ► Poem-Abd-el-Aziz Y Mahoma
► Medicine ► Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon

Surveyor sa Ateneo Pagbisita ni Rizal sa Pakil at Pagsanjan

► Perito Agrimensor (expert surveyor) ► Saturnina, Maria, Trinidad
► Academy of Spanish Literature and ► Manuel Regalado
Natural Sciences ► Nicolas
► Vicenta Ybardolaza (Alpa Musical)
Mga Pag-ibig ni Rizal
► Binibining L Kampeon ng mga Estudyanteng Pilipino
► 2nd Year - Leonor Valenzuela - Orang ► Indio, chongo
► 3rd Year-Leonor Rivera - Taimis ► Kastlang bangus
► Dona Concha Leyba ► Companerismo
► Juan at Sanday Valenzuela ► Kasama ni Jehu
► Antonio Rivera ► Hebrew General who ruled Israel
► La Concordia Kingdom for 28 years
► Galicano Apacible
Biktima ng Kalupitan ng Opisyal na ► Escolta Maynila
Espanyol
► First year Malulungkot na araw sa UST
► Heneral Primo de Rivera ► Hindi maganda ang pagtinginn sa kanya
► Blumentritt ng mga Dominikong propesor
► Mababa ang pagtingin sa mga
Para sa Kabataang Pilipino Estudyanteng Pilipino
▶Liceo Artistico-Literario ► Sinauna at mapang-api ang Sistema ng
▶A La Juventud Filipina (Para sa Kabataang Pagtuturo
Pilipino)
▶ Silver pen Desisyong Makapag-aral sa Ibang Bansa
► Pacian
Ang Konseho ng mga Diyos ► Saturnina
► Liceo Artistico-Literario ► Lucia
► 4th Century Death Anniversary of Miguel ► Antonio Rivera
Cervantes ► Valenzuela
► El Consejo de los Dioses (Council of the
gods)
► Gold ring
► D.N. Del Puzo
CHAPTER 6: In Sunny Spain From Singapore to Colombo
• Rizal transferred to another ship
Rizal's Secret Mission DJEMNAH, a French steamer which left
• to observe keenly the life and culture, Singapore for Europe on May 11
languages and customs, industries and • There were Filipinos onboard - Mr. and
commerce, and government and laws of the Mrs. Salazar, Mr. Vicente Pardo and Jose
European nations in order to prepare Rizal
himself in the mighty task of liberating his • MAY 17 - Djemnah reached POINT
oppressed people from Spanish tyranny GALLE a seacoast town in Southern Ceylon
• Rizal's departure for Spain was kept secret (now Sri Lanka)
to avoid detection by the Spanish • MAY 18 - reached Colombo, capital of
Authorities and the friars Ceylon
• Only his older brother, Paciano, his uncle - He described the city as more beautiful,
Antonio Rivera, his sisters Neneng and more smart and elegant than Singapore,
Lucia, the Valenzuelas (Sanday, Juan and Point Galle and Manila
Orang), Pedro A. Paterno, Mateo
Evangelista, the Ateneo Jesuit fathers, and First trip through Suez Canal
some intimate friends including Chengoy • CAPE OF GUARDAFUI AFRICA/AFRICA
(Jose M. Cecilio) knew his departure - inhospitable land but famous
• He used the name Jose Mercado, a • ADEN - he found the city hotter than
cousin from Biñan Manila but he was amazed with the camels
• May 3, 1882 - Rizal departed on board the which he saw for the first time
Spanish steamer SALVADORA bound for • It took Djemnah 5 days to traverse the
Singapore Suez Canal
- Suez Canal was built by Ferdinand de
Singapore Lesseps
• There were sixteen passengers including - Inaugurated on November 17, 1869
himself- five or six ladies, many children and
the rest gentlemen Naples and Marseilles
• He was the only Filipino on board • JUNE 11 - Rizal reached Naples
• DONATO LECHA from ASTURIAS SPAIN • JUNE 12 - docked at the French harbor of
- the ship captain who befriended Rizal MARSEILLES
- Described by Rizal as an affable man, - Visited CHATEAU d'lf - where Dantes the
"much more refined than his other hero of Count of Monte cristo was
countrymen and colleagues I have met" imprisoned
• Rizal played chess with his fellow
passengers and he was able to defeat them Travels
many times
• MAY 8, 1882 - Rizal saw a beautiful island
"Isla ng Talim na may Susong Dalaga"
• MAY 9, 1882 - Salvadora docked at
Singapore
- Sir Thomas Stanford Raffles - founder of
Singapore
Barcelona Life in Madrid
• In the afternoon of June 15 he left • November 3, 1882 - Rizal enrolled in
Marseilles by train for the last lap of his trip Universidad Central de Madrid in two
to Spain courses Medicine and Philosophy and
• JUNE 16,1882 - reached Barcelona Letters
• First impression of Barcelona, the greatest • Studied painting and sculpture in the
city of Cataluña and Spain's largest city was Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando
- ugly with dirty little inns and inhospitable • Took lessons in French, German English
residents under private tutors and
• But later on he was impressed with its • Practiced fencing and shooting in the Hall
atmosphere of freedom and liberalism of Arms of Sanz y Carbonell
• LAS RAMBLAS - the most famous street • Led a Spartan life in Madrid
in Barcelona • Lived frugally and his only extravagance
was investing a few pesetas for a lottery
Amor Patrio ticket in every draw of the Madrid Lottery
• his first nationalistic essay written on • On Saturdays he visited the home of Don
Spain's soil Pablo Ortiga y Rey who lived with his son
• He wrote it under his pen name Laong Rafael and daughter Consuelo
Laan (laging handa) - He was a former city mayor of Manila
• Submitted to Basilio Teodoro Moran - his - Later promoted to vice president of the
friend in Manila and publisher of DIARIONG Council of the Philippines in the Ministry of
TAGALOG the first Manila bilingual Colonies
newspaper
• Appeared on the said newspaper August Romance with Consuelo Ortiga Y Perez
20, 1882 • Composed a lovely poem for her entitled
• The tagalong translation was made by M.H "A LA SEñorita C.O. y P. that expressed
Del Pilar his admiration for her
• Wrote a second article LOS VIAJES • He backed out for 2 reasons:
• The third article - Revista de Madrid - He is still engaged to Leonor Rivera
(written Novembe 29, 1882) was returned - Eduardo de Lete his friend and co worker
to him because the Diariong Tagalog had in the Propaganda movement was madly in
ceased publication due to lack of fund love with her.

Rizal Moves To Madrid They Asked me for Verses

• The people of Calamba are dying of • Rizal joined Circulo Hispano-Filipino where
cholera and they were praying to San he wrote a poem Me Piden Versos (They
Roque and had nocturnal processions and asked me for Verses)
prayers so that God may stop the dreadful • He declaimed this December 31, 1882
epidemic (as per Paciano's letter • A sad poem
September 15, 1882)
• Leonora is growing thinner because of the Rizal as Lover of Books
absence of a loved one (as per Chengoy in • To satisfy his craving for books he buy
his letter to Jose) from a second hand store owned by a
certain Señor Roces
• His collection included • His only Masonic writing was Science,
- The bible Virtue and Labor which he delivered in 1889
- Hebrew Grammar at Lodge Solidaridad in Madrid
- Lives of the President of the United States
of America from Washington to Johnson Financial Worries
• Complete works of Voltaire (9 volumes) • The harvest of rice and sugarcane failed
• Complete works of Horace (3 volumes) on account of drought and locusts.
Complete works of C. Bernard (16 volumes) • The hacienda manager raised the rent of
• History of the French revolution the land
• The wandering Jew (Eugene Sue) - Because there came a time when a
• Ancient poetry "Works of Thucydides dreadful pest killed most of the turkeys and
• The Byzantine empire what was left was used for breeding
• The Characters purposes only. The manager, who used to
• The Work of Alexander Dumas asked turkey from Don Francisco was
• Louis XIV and his Court denied one because of this.
• The Renaissance • June 24, 1884 - a touching story
• Uncle Tom's Cabin happened. Because of lack of funds Rizal
• He was deeply affected by Uncle Tom's skipped his meals and went to class on an
Cabin and Wandering Jew that aroused his empty stomach. He participated in the
sympathy for the oppressed and unfortunate Greek language contest and won the gold
people medal. And later that day he had a free
meal because he was the guest speaker in
Rizal's First Visit to Paris the Banquet held in honor of Luna and
• Rizal went to Paris from June 17 to Hidalgo
August 20, 1883
• He first moved to Hotel de Paris on 37 Rue Rizal's Salute to Luna and Hidalgo
de Maubange • Double victory celebration for JUAN LUNA
• he later on moved to a cheaper hotel on (Spoliarium) and FELIX RESURRECCION
124 Rue de Rennes in the Latin quarter HIDALGO (Christian Virgins exposed to the
• Paris is the costliest capital in Europe populace) (Virgenes Cristianas Expuestas
Al Populacho) in the National Exposition of
Rizal as a Mason Fine Arts in Madrid
• In March 1883 - he joined the Mason
lodge Acacia Rizal Involved in Student
- To secure Freemasonry's aid in his fight Demonstrations
against the Friars in the Philippines • November 20-22, 1884 - bloody riots by
• Later he transferred to LODGE the Students of the Central University
SOLIDARIDAD where he became a Master - Dr. Miguel Morayta's speech was
Mason on November 15, 1890 condemned by the Catholic bishops of
• February 15, 1892 - he was awarded the Spain who promptly excommunicated him
diploma as Master Mason by the Le Grand and those who applauded him
Orient de France in Paris - Because of this the students rose in violent
demonstration to condemn the decision of
the Church
• The Rector who took the students side had
to resign and was replaced by Doctor Creus
which intensified the fury further

Studies Completed in Spain

• June 21, 1884 - conferred the degree of
Licentiate in Medicine by the Universidad
Central de Madrid on June 1884
• The next year he finished and passed all
subjects leading to the degree of Doctor of
Medicine
• But since he did not pass his thesis or paid
the necessary fee he was not awarded his
Doctor's diploma
• June 19,1885 - he was awarded the
degree of Licentiate in Philosophy and
Letters by the Universidad Central de
Madrid with the rating of Excellent
• By receiving his degree of Licentiate in
Medicine he became a full pledge physician
• He did not bother to get his post graduate
degree for he knows that with his race no
friar owned school would accept him in its
faculty staff
Chapter 7: Paris to Berlin • He composed a few songs particularly
"Alin Mang Lahi" a patriotic song, and a sad
• After completing his studies in Madrid, danza La Deportacion which he composed
Rizal went to Paris and Germany in order to in Dapitan while he was in exile
specialize in ophthalmology
- He wanted to cure his mother's failing In Historic Heildelberg
eyesight • He left Paris on February 1, 1886 for
- He wanted to continue his observation of Germany
the European nations in Berlin, Paris, - He visited Strasbourg (capital of Alsace
Heidelberg and Leipzig Lorraine)
and other German towns
In Gay Paris • February 3, 1886 - he arrived in
• He stopped at Barcelona to visit Maximo Heidelberg and for a short time lived with
Viola, his friend, who is a medical student some German law students
and a member of a rich family in San Miguel • After a few days he moved to another
Bulacan boarding house which was near the
• He met and befriended Senor Eusebio University of Heidelberg
Corominas, the editor of the news paper La - He worked at the University Eye Hospital
Publicidad under the direction of Dr. Otto Becker
• Miguel Morayta - owner of La Publicidad - He attended lectures of Dr. Becker and
and a statesman Prof Wilhelm Kuehne at the university
• He submitted an article on the Carolines
controversy to Editor Corominas To the Flowers of Heidelberg (A Las
• In NOVEMBER 1885 - lived in Paris for 4 Flores de Heidelberg) (Forget me not)
months • He grew fascinated of the flowers
- Worked as an assistant for Dr. Loius de blooming along the cool banks of the
Weckert, a leading French ophthalmologist Neckar river
• Outside working hours he relaxed by • His favorite flower is the light blue forget
visiting his friends, such as the Pardo de me not
Taveras, Juan Luna and Felix • The flowers reminded him of the blooming
Resurreccion Hidalgo flowers of Calamba
• He posed as a model for Luna in some of • On August 22, 1886 he wrote a fine poem
Luna's work entitled "A Las Flores Heilderberg" - he did
- The Egyptian Priest in The Death of so in a mood of homesickness
Cleopatra
- Sikatuna in The Blood compact with With Pastor Ullmer at Wilhelmsfeld
Trinidad Pardo de Tavera as Legazpi • He stayed at the vicarage of a kind
Protestant pastor, Dr. Karl Ullmer
Rizal as a Musician • His pleasant personality and talents in
• Rizal had no natural aptitude for music but languages and sketching endeared him to
he studied music because almost all of his the pastor's wife, who was a good cook, and
classmates in Ateneo does the two children Etta and Fritz
• He eventually learned to play the • He ended his sojourn on June 25, 1886
solfeggio, flute and Piano
First Letter to Blumentritt and the latter's son, Dr. Hans Virchow,
• July 31, 1886 - Rizal wrote his first letter in professor of Descriptive Anatomy
German to Professor Ferdinand Blumentritt, • He also met Dr. W. Joest, noted German
Director of the Ateneo of Leitmeritz, Austria geographer
• He sent a book which he mentioned in his • He worked in the clinic of Dr. Karl Ernest
letter "aritmetica" - written in Spanish and Schweigger
Tagalog by the University of Sto. Tomas • He became a member of the
Press in 1868. The author was Rufino Anthropological and Geographical society of
Baltazar Hernandez, a native of Sta. Cruz Berlin upon recommendation of Dr. Jagor
Laguna and Dr. Meyer
• He was invited to give a lecture before the
Fifth Centenary of Heildelberg University Ethnographic Society of Berlin
• August 6, 1886 - the fifth centenary of the - He wrote a scholarly paper Tagalische
University Verkunst which he read before the society in
April 1887
In Leipzig and Dresden
• August 9, 1886 - Rizal left the city of Rizal's life in Berlin
Heildelberg • He went to Berlin not as a student or a
• August 14, 1886 - arrived in Leipzig curious tourist. He lived in this famous city
- He befriended Professor Friedrich Ratzel, for 5 reasons
a famous German historian and Dr. Hans - To gain further knowledge of
Meyer, a German anthropologist ophthalmology
• He translated Frederick Schiller's William - To further his studies of sciences and
Tell from German into Tagalog so that the languages
Filipinos might know the story of the - To observe the economic and political
champion of Swiss independence conditions of the German nations
• He translated in Tagalog for his nephews - To associate with famous German scientist
and nieces Hans Christian Andersen's Fairy and scholars
tales - To publish his novel Noli Me Tangere
• October 29 1886 - he left Leipzig for • By day he worked as an assistant in the
Dresden clinic of Dr. Schweigger
- He met Adolph B. Meyer, director of the • At night he attends lectures in the
Anthropological and Ethnological Museum. University of Berlin
• He left Dresden on November 1, 1886 • He took private lessons under a professor
and reached Berlin that night of French, Madame Lucie Cerdole in order
to master the idiomatic intricacies of the
Rizal welcomed in Berlin's scientific French Language
Circles • He also enjoyed promenading in the Unter
• He met for the first time Dr. Feodor Jagor, Den Linden, the most popular boulevard of
celebrated German scientist-traveler and Berlin
author of Travels in the Philippines
• He was introduced by Jagor to Dr. Rudolf
Virchow, famous German anthropologist
Rizal on German women • Rizal starved in Berlin and shivered in
• Rizal expressed his high regard and wintry cold
admiration for German womanhood in a • He began to cough and he feared that he
letter addressed to his sister Trinidad on was
March 11, 1886 going to be sick with tuberculosis
• He described the German women as • Never had he suffered such physical blows
serious, diligent, educated and friendly. She of penury, so that his soul cried out in
is not gossipy, frivolous and quarrelsome despair
like Spanish women. She is not particular
about beautiful dresses and expensive
jewelry although she can dress nicely like
any other woman in the world

German Customs
• The Christmas custom of the Germans
delighted him the most
- On Christmas eve, they take a pine tree
that has somewhat small needles for leaves
and decorate it with fruits, lanterns, toys,
dolls, papers etc and show it to the kids
(who had not seen it being prepared)at
night.
• He is also interested in how Germans
introduces themselves to strangers in a
social gathering
• According to German code of etiquette it
is bad manners for a guest to remain aloof
and wait for his host to make the proper
introduction

Rizal's Darkest Winter

• The winter of 1886 was by far the darkest
winter for Rizal. - He lived in poverty
because no money arrived from Calamba
and he was flat broke
- The diamond ring given to him by his sister
Saturnina is in the pawnshop
- He could not pay his landlord
- He had to scrimp eating only one meal a
day - consisted of bread and water or some
cheap vegetable soup
• His clothes were old and threadbare -
he washed them himself for he cannot
afford to pay the laundry