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    Estimation Ofblood Glucose: by Chemist: Warda R. Hayder

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    Mohammad Otaku
    This document provides instructions for estimating blood glucose levels to diagnose diabetes mellitus. It describes collecting blood samples, preparing the working reagent by mixing enzyme and buffer solutions, and conducting the assay using a photometer. The absorbance readings of samples and standards are used to calculate glucose levels in mg/dL, with normal ranges provided. Causes of hyperglycemia like diabetes, hemochromatosis, hypokalemia, stress, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, and Cushing disease are also summarized.

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    Estimation Ofblood Glucose: by Chemist: Warda R. Hayder

    Uploaded by

    Mohammad Otaku
    18 views7 pages
    This document provides instructions for estimating blood glucose levels to diagnose diabetes mellitus. It describes collecting blood samples, preparing the working reagent by mixing enzyme and buffer solutions, and conducting the assay using a photometer. The absorbance readings of samples and standards are used to calculate glucose levels in mg/dL, with normal ranges provided. Causes of hyperglycemia like diabetes, hemochromatosis, hypokalemia, stress, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, and Cushing disease are also summarized.

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    This document provides instructions for estimating blood glucose levels to diagnose diabetes mellitus. It describes collecting blood samples, preparing the working reagent by mixing enzyme and buffer solutions, and conducting the assay using a photometer. The absorbance readings of samples and standards are used to calculate glucose levels in mg/dL, with normal ranges provided. Causes of hyperglycemia like diabetes, hemochromatosis, hypokalemia, stress, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, and Cushing disease are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    18 views7 pages

    Estimation Ofblood Glucose: by Chemist: Warda R. Hayder

    Uploaded by

    Mohammad Otaku
    This document provides instructions for estimating blood glucose levels to diagnose diabetes mellitus. It describes collecting blood samples, preparing the working reagent by mixing enzyme and buffer solutions, and conducting the assay using a photometer. The absorbance readings of samples and standards are used to calculate glucose levels in mg/dL, with normal ranges provided. Causes of hyperglycemia like diabetes, hemochromatosis, hypokalemia, stress, pregnancy, hyperthyroidism, and Cushing disease are also summarized.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 7

    Noble Technical Ins/tute

    Nursing department
    1st Stage

    Estimation ofBlood Glucose


    By Chemist: Warda R. Hayder
    Objec&ve

    • To measure the concentra.on of glucose in a


    serum sample for the diagnosis of diabetes
    mellitus.
    • To know the principle of the method for
    es.ma.on of blood glucose
    CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
    • Glucose is a major source of energy for most cells of
    the body; insulin facilitates glucose entry into the
    cells.
    • Diabetes is a disease manifested by hyperglycemia.
    • Clinical diagnosis should not be made on a single
    test result; it should integrate clinical and other
    laboratory data.
    PREPARATION
    Working reagent (WR):
    Dissolve the contents of one vial R 2 Enzymes in one boCle of R 1 Buffer.
    Cap and mix gently to dissolve contents.
    The reagent is stable 1 month aMer reconsNtuNon in the refrigerator
    (2-8 C ͦ) or 7 days at room temperature (15-25 C ͦ).
    Requirements:
    *Samples:
    -Blood samples
    Whole blood
    Serum
    Plasma

    InstrumentaNon:
    -Photometer adjusted on wavelength 500 nm
    -CuveCe (light path) 1 cm
    -Water bath at 37 ºC
    -AutomaNc pipeCes, disposable test tubes , racks and disposable Nps for
    the dispensers.
    PROCEDURE

    1. Assay condi,ons:
    Wavelength: . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 500 nm
    Cuve;e: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1 cm light path
    Temperature. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 C ͦ / 15-25 C
    2. Adjust the instrument to zero with dis,lled water.
    3. Pipe;e into a cuve;e:
    Blank Standard Sample
    1.0 ml 1.0 ml 1.0 ml WR (mL)
    -- 10 µL -- Standard (µL)
    -- -- 10 µL Sample (µL)
    10 µL -- -- DW
    4. Mix and incubate for 10 min at 37 C o ͦ r 20 min at room
    temperature (15-25 C )ͦ .

    5. Read the absorbance (A) of the samples and standard, against the
    Blank.
    The color is stable for at least 30 minutes.
    CALCULATIONS
    (A) Sample x 100 (Standard conc.) = mg/dL glucose in the sample
    (A) Standard

    Normal Range:
    Blood glucose…
    Fas.ng= 70 - 110 mg/dl
    2 hrs. Postprandial = 110 - 140 mg/dl
    II - Hyperglycemia :
    1. Diabetes Mellitus
    2. Haemochromatosis: excess iron in the body and the accumulation of iron in
    the pancreas cause damage to the cells that produce insulin.

    3. Hypokalemia:potassium inter to the cell together with glucose by the action of


    insulin so if potassium level decreased the entrance of glucose to the cell will be decreased so
    blood glucose level will be increased

    4. Stress: increase adrenalin, cortisone and growth hormone levels so cause


    hyperglycemia

    5. Pregnancy:During early pregnancy, increases in estrogens, progestin's, and other


    pregnancy-related hormones lead to lower glucose levels, promotion of fat deposition. As
    gestation progresses, however, postprandial glucose levels steadily increase as insulin sensitivity
    steadily decreases

    6. Hyperthyroidism
    Thyroid hormones affect glucose metabolism via several
    mechanisms.
    7. Cushing disease:
    increase cor7sone level so increase glucose level

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