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Stephen Hawking (1942-2018)

Stephen Hawking (1942-2018) was a renowned British physicist and astronomer. Some of his greatest achievements include discovering that black holes emit radiation, showing that singularities exist at the center of black holes, and popularizing science for laypeople through books like A Brief History of Time. Hawking made seminal contributions to our understanding of gravitation, general relativity, and quantum mechanics over his long and prolific career.

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89 views6 pages

Stephen Hawking (1942-2018)

Stephen Hawking (1942-2018) was a renowned British physicist and astronomer. Some of his greatest achievements include discovering that black holes emit radiation, showing that singularities exist at the center of black holes, and popularizing science for laypeople through books like A Brief History of Time. Hawking made seminal contributions to our understanding of gravitation, general relativity, and quantum mechanics over his long and prolific career.

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Stephen

Hawking
(1942-2018)
Stephen Hawking
Milestones

1942 1959 to 1962 1970 2004 2018

Jan 8 Specialises in physics Discovers a July 14 March 2018


Born in Oxford, at University College remarkable property: Hawking announces that he has solved He died in Cambridge,
England (300 years Oxford. Graduates by using quantum the Black Hole paradox, which has been a England.
after the death of with a first class theory and general troubling scientists for years. He presents
his most recent findings at the
Galileo). degree in natural relativity he is able to
international conference on general
sciences. show that black holes
relativity and gravitation in Dublin.
can emit radiation.
LİFE OF STEPHEN HAWKİNG

Hawking was born on January 8, 1942.When he was 8 years old, he went to St Albans, 20 miles from London. He
enrolled at St Albans school at the age of 11. After graduating from Hawking St Albans School, he attended his
father's old school, Oxford University college. His father wanted him to study medicine, but he loved mathematics.
But the school did not have a mathematics department. So he started studying physics instead. Three years later he
was awarded the first class honor in natural sciences.

Hawking then went to Cambridge to study cosmology. At that time there was no study of cosmology at Oxford. After
receiving his doctorate, he became first a research assistant and later an associate professor at Gonville and Caius
College. He left the Institute of Astronomy in 1973 and moved to the Department of Applied mathematics and
Theoretical physics. After 1979 he became a Lucasian professor of mathematics in the mathematics department.
This professorship was established in 1663 by Henry Lucas, a member of the university parliament. It was first given
to Isaac Barrow, then to Isaac Newton in 1669.

Hawking studied the basic principles of the universe. Together with Roger Penrose, he showed that Einstein's
General Theory of Relativity, covering Space and Time, began with the Big Bang and ended with black holes. This
result revealed that quantum mechanics and the General Theory of Relativity should be combined. This was one of
the greatest inventions of the second half of the twentieth century. One result of this merger was that black holes
were not actually completely black, but that they were emitting radiation and evaporating. Another conclusion was
that the universe had an end and a limit. This meant that the beginning of the universe occurred entirely within the
framework of scientific rules. Stephen Hawking has become the most well-known name among living scientists in the
world today with his claims about quantum physics and black holes.
AWARDS

Dannie Heineman Benjamin Franklin Maxwell Medal Peace Prize of the


Adams Award Prize in Hughes Medal Medal Order of the Principality of
1966 Mathematical 1976 Albert Einstein British Empire Asturias

Physics
Award 1982 1989
1976 1978


Presidential
Wolf Prize in Audie Award for Albert Einstein
Copley Medal Fonseca Award Medal of
Physics Science Fiction Medal
2006 2008 Freedom
1988 2019 1979


2009


BOOKS

The Nature of Space and Time (with Roger Penrose) (1996)

The Large, the Small and the Human Mind (with Roger Penrose, Abner Shimony
and Nancy Cartwright) (1997)

The Future of Spacetime (with Kip Thorne, Igor Novikov, Timothy Ferris and
introduction by Alan Lightman, Richard H. Price) (2002)

A Briefer History of Time (with Leonard Mlodinow) (2005)[199]

The Grand Design (with Leonard Mlodinow) (2010)[


Stephen Hawking 3 Greatest Achievements
1- Hawking Radiation 2- Singularities
As the name implies, Hawking Radiation is Another important aspect of Hawking's
one of the discoveries we most associate legacy is his attempts to understand the
with Stephen Hawking. It's a concept that implications of the extremely dense
popped up relatively early in his career, and center of black holes. Inside one, it's
scientists have continued to study it all theorized that we can find a gravitational
these years later.
singularity – a point of infinite density.

3- Spreading Science to the Masses


There are few scientists in history who have
been able to reach laymen as well as Hawking.
With his beloved book A Brief History of
Time(Opens in a new window), he made
cosmology and basic scientific principles
approachable to generations of readers.

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