Music 10 – 3rd Quarter 2.

Nicanor Abelardo
▪ He studied music at the
Module 1: Contemporary Philippine Chicago Music College and
Music was influenced by the
Traditional Composers musical styles of the
❖ According to National Artist Dr. Ramon Serialist/Second Viennese
Santos, “contemporary music in the School and Post-Romantic
Philippines refers to compositions that have European composers.
adopted ideas and elements from 20th century ▪ Abelardo, together with Francisco
art music in the west, as well as the latest Santiago elevated the status of the
trends and musical styles in the entertainment Kundiman into an Art Song status
industry.” equivalent to that of the German Lied, the
❖ The modern Filipino repertoire consists of French Chanson, and the Italian Aria.
musical pieces that have been written in 20th His best-known compositions include the
century idioms that have evolved out of such following:
stylistic movements as impressionism,
• Mutya ng Pasig
expressionism, neo-classicism, as well as
• Nasaan Ka Irog
Avant Garde and new music.
• Bituing Marikit
Among the major Philippine contemporary • Ikaw Rin
composers are Francisco Santiago, Nicanor • Kundiman ng Luha
Abelardo, Antonio Molina, Lucio San Pedro,
• Pahimakas
Rosendo Santos Jr., Alfredo Buenaventura, and
• Kung Hindi Man
Ryan Cayabyab.
• Pahiwatig
• Cavatina for Violin and Piano,
1. Francisco Santiago
▪ He is considered as the • First Nocturne for Piano,
“Father of Kundiman” • Magbalik Ka Hirang
▪ He finished his music
specialization at the 3. Antonio Molina
American Conservatory ▪ He is the first National
of Music in Chicago Artist for Music
where he obtained his ▪ He began his music
Doctorate Degree in 1924. career as an orchestral
soloist at the Manila
Among his famous works are the following:
Grand Opera House.
• Pakiusap
• Madaling Araw
▪ He served as Dean of the Centro Escolar
• Sakali Man
University, Conservatory of Music from
• Pilipinas Kong Mahal
1948 to 1970.
• Hibik ng Pilipinas
▪ He was also a faculty member of the
• Ano Kaya ang Kapalaran, and
University of the Philippines’ Conservatory
• Kundiman (Anak Dalita). This piece was (now College) of Music.
sung before the Royal Court of Spain upon ▪ Molina was a product of both the Romantic
the request of King Alfonso II. and Impressionist schools of thought.
He was also a musical director for films. ▪ He was fascinated by the dynamics and
Among the films under his musical supervision harmonies of Debussy but retained much of
were “Kundiman”, “Leron Leron Sinta”, the Romantic style in his melody.
“Madaling Araw”, “Manileña”, and the movie A characteristically impressionist work is his
inspired by his own composition, “Pakiusap”. He piano work “Malikmata” (Transfiguration). The
became the first Filipino Director of the UP mysteriously exotic chords of this piece gradually
Conservatory of Music. lead to a lyrical melody, with the traditional
harmonies abruptly returning to the initial mood.
 Molina wrote several compositions for piano, 5. Cipriano “Ryan” Cayabyab
violin, and voice as well as a Spanish-style opera Ryan Cayabyab, also
form known as the zarzuela. known as Mr. C, is a
He is best known for his poignantly romantic popular contemporary
serenade for violin and piano “Hatinggabi”. composer who also has
Subsequent transcriptions of this piece were classical compositions to
written for the cello, flute, piano, and guitar. his credit, such as “Misa”
Other works by Molina include: and “Misa 2000”, “Four
Poems for Soprano and
▪ Orchestral music - Misa Antoniana Grand
Piano”, and “Te Deum”.
Festival Mass, Ang Batingaw, Kundiman-
Kundangan; ▪ His compositional style makes much use of
▪ Chamber music - String Quartet, Kung sa a variety of influences – from Moroccan
Iyong Gunita, Pandangguhan; and musical cultures, Jazz, African-American
▪ Vocal music - Amihan, Awit ni Maria Clara, Spirituals and Gospel music, European
and Larawan Nitong Pilipinas. Neo-Classicism, Music for Films,
American Broadway musicales, to
He received the National Artist for Music award Philippine indigenous chants.
in 1973. He passed away on January 29, 1980. ▪ Among his numerous compositions are the
award- winning “Kay Ganda ng Ating
4. Lucio San Pedro Musika” (1978), Paraiso (1991), as well as
▪ He was born on the modern zarzuela “Alikabok” (2003),
February 11, 1913 in and the musical “Lorenzo” – based on the
Angono, Rizal. life of St. Lorenzo Ruiz (2013).
▪ Since his elementary ▪ The opera Spoliarium with libretto by Fides
days, he started composing. Cuyugan-Asensio, and a variety of choral
▪ He studied the banjo pieces and song cycles of were also among
which inspired him to his masterpieces.
become a serious musician. ▪ He also produced several recordings,
▪ He later pursued his music degree at the including the memorable album “One” and
University of the Philippines and at the subsequently, “One Christmas”, and “One
Juilliard School in New York, USA. More”, all of which were one-man vocal
▪ He became a professor of theory and jazz a cappella album that he himself
composition at the University of the arranged and sang.
Philippines’ College of Music up until his ▪ He was born on May 4, 1954 in Manila. He
retirement in 1978. obtained his Bachelor of Music degree at
▪ San Pedro is known as a “romantic the University of the Philippines, College of
nationalist.” He incorporated Philippine Music in 1983. After which, he became a
folk elements in his compositions with faculty member for Composition at the
Western forms and harmony. same University.
▪ Arguably, his most popular work is the ▪ He also served as the Executive and Artistic
well-loved “Sa Ugoy ng Duyan”, a lullaby Director of the San Miguel Foundation for
melody sung by his mother. He composed the Performing Arts, which oversaw the
“Sa Ugoy ng Duyan” together with his operations and programming of the San
friend Levi Celerio as the lyricist. Miguel Philharmonic Orchestra and the San
▪ His musical prowess was internationally Miguel Master Chorale.
recognized when he was invited to be a ▪ At present, he continues to be a sought-after
judge at the prestigious Van Cliburn professor/lecturer, musical director,
International Piano composer, arranger, and conductor in the
▪ Competition in 1980. Philippine concert and recording scenes.
▪ He was declared National Artist for Music ▪ He was named National Artist for Music in
in 1991 and passed away on March 31, 2018.
2002.
 With the European and American Traditional music. With his dedication to his field
influences brought by our colonizers, it was of work, he made a collection of recorded music
inevitable that the musical styles of 20th century taken from the remote mountain villages all over
Western composers found their way into the Philippines. Maceda’s musical style still holds
Philippine compositions. western musical ideas but creatively combined
environmental sounds with ethnic instruments.
Ryan Cayabyab spans both popular and classical
Works of Maceda
worlds with his popular ballads, musical plays,
operas, ballet, zarzuela, orchestral, and choral • Ugma-Ugma (1963) for voice and ethnic
compositions. instruments
• Agungan (1975) for 6 gong families
Lucio San Pedro is known as a “romantic
• Pagsamba (1968) for ethnic percussions
nationalist.” He incorporated Philippine folk
• Cassettes 100 (1971) for 100 cassette
elements in his compositions with Western forms
tape recorders
and harmony. His chords have a rich expressive
• Ugnayan (1974) an ethnic piece played at
tonality, as represented in his well-loved “Sa
the same time over several radio stations
Ugoy ng Duyan”, a lullaby melody sung by his
• Udlot-Udlot (175) for bamboo
mother.
instruments and voices
Nicanor Abelardo contributed in elevating the Maceda’s Work Experience
Kundiman as an Art Song form.
• Worked in a recording studio in Paris in
Francisco Santiago is considered as the “Father 1958 which specialized in musique
of Kundiman”. concrete.
Antonio Molina came to be known as the “Father • Piano and Musicology professor at the
of Philippine Impressionist Music”. University of the Philippine, College of
Music from 1952-1990
Module 2: New Music Composers and • Executive Director of Central
Song Composers Ethnomusicology in 1997
• Conferred as National Artist for Music in
New Music Composers
1997
Composers tried experimenting to come up
with new ideas to produce sound and music 2. Lucrecia R. Kasilag
through manipulating musical elements, even in Lucrecia R. Kasilag is a
using other instruments. The known Filipino New National Artist for Music
Music composers are Jose Maceda, Lucrecia (1989), pianist and
Kasilag, Josefino Toledo, Ramon Santos and composer. She was born on
Jonas Baes. August 31, 1918 in San
1. Jose Maceda Fernando La Union and
died on August 16, 2008.
Jose Maceda was born on
She was raised in a family
January 17, 1917 in Manila
of musicians. In fact, her mother was her first
and died on May 5, 2004. He
solfeggio teacher. She stayed in Paco Manila
first took his music studies at
during her elementary days. She went to
the Academy of Music in
Philippine Women’s University for her high
Manila. Then, he went to study
school and college education where she finished
in Paris with Alfred Cortot, a
Bachelor of Arts major in English.
French pianist and conductor.
Eventually, he took advanced studies in the USA After that, she pursued her music studies
with E. Robert Schmitz. He earned his Doctorate at St. Scholastica’s College under Sister Baptista
Degree in Ethnomusicology from UCLA. Battig. During the World War II, she took up
music composition and she graduated with a
Maceda’s Musical Style and Inspiration Bachelor of Music in 1949 and attended the
His style started to transform when he Eastman School of Music in Rochester, New
encountered the music of indigenous groups of York, studying theory with under Allen McHose
Mindoro in 1953. After which, his life was and composition with Wayne Barlow.
committed to the preservation of Filipino
Kasilag’s Style which his compositional style shifted from a Neo
Kasilag was famous for creating a unique Classicism to a distinct sound merging many
musical sound for Filipinos. She was known to influences he had in different countries including
compose music by combining western orchestral Philippine and Asian ideas.
instruments with indigenous Filipino instruments. He became more interested in open-
This allowed her music to stand out unique to ended structures of time and space, function as a
other music composition. compositional concept. His compositional styled
Some Works of Kasilag involved environmental works, non-conventional
instruments, and the incorporation of natural
• Dularawan: Salakot na Ginto (1969)- Work
forces in the execution of creating sound.
for stage
• Violin Concerto No. 1 (983) and No. 2 Some works of Santos
(1994) • Pangahoy
• Misang Pilipino (1966) – Choral Music • L’Bad
• The Legend of Sarimanok (1963) – For • Nagnit Igak G’nan Wagnwag Nila
orchestra (Alingawngaw ng Kagitingan)
• Toccata, for Percussion and Winds (1958) – • Awit ni Pulau
Chamber and solo music • Siklo
• Ang Apoy ng mga Hayop (1986) – A • Nabasag and Banga at Iba’t-Ibang Pinag-
musical tale for indigenous instruments Ugpong-ugpong na Pnanalita para sa
Career and Work Experience Labing Anim na Tinig
• Darangang Magayon
• Concert pianist
• Ding Ding Nga Diwaya
• Founded the Bayanihan Folk Ats Center
• Du’a
• Former president of the Cultural Center of
the Philippines Some Awards of Santos
• Head of the Asian Composer League • Achievement Award in the Humanities
• Chairperson of the Philippine Society for (1994)
Music Education • Composer-In-Residence of Bellagio Study
• Credited for having written more than 350 Center (1997)
musical compositions • Artist-In-Residence of Civitella Ranier
Center (1998)
3. Ramon P. Santos • Chevalier de l’Ordre des Artes et Lettres
Ramon P. Santos is a
remarkable contemporary 4. Josefino “Chino” Toledo
composer, conductor and Josefino Toledo, or better
musicologist in the known as Chino Toledo in
Philippines. He was born on the music world, is a notable
February 25, 1941 in Pasig, composer-conductor.
Metro Manila. He was
At present, he is the
bestowed with National Artist
Executive Director of
for Music on 2014.
Miriam College Center for
Like other known musicians, Ramon Applied Music.
Santos was greatly inspired by his family to love
He is also a full-time professor at the
music. In 1965, he earned his Teacher’s Diploma
University of the Philippines, College of Music.
and Bachelor of Music major in Composition and
He teaches major courses for composition and
Conducting at the University of the Philippines,
Music Theory.
College of Music. He was a student of Jose
Toledo is also the founding director of the
Maceda. He finished his Master of Music in
Metro-Manila Concert Orchestra (MMCO). He
Indiana University of New York in 1972.
pursued his music studies in various music
He further pursued graduate studies in
schools both in the country and abroad like
Ethnomusicology at the University of Illinois,
University of the Philippines, College of Music,
USA. Santos’ Musical Style Ramon Santos was
Cleveland Institute of Music-Case Western
greatly inspired by Mahler and Debussy from
Reserve University in the U.S., and Conservatoire His early compositions were influenced
National Superieur de Musique in Paris. by Maceda until the 1990s gave him his idea to
Toledo’s compositions are regularly experiment on the different methods of
performed both in the country and international composition where listeners’ participation was
festivals, concerts and recitals. part of the music performance.
Toledo’s Musical Style Baes’ Works
Toledo’s approach to his music • Wala (1997-201) for 7 or hundreds of men’s
composition is described as “pure and powerful”. voice
He fuses contemporary western music ideas and • Daluy (1994) for 5 animator-percussionists
Southeast Asian flavors. His compositions stretch and about a hundred bird whistles
from solo instrument, to orchestra, chorus, distributed among the audience
chamber ensemble, theater and film. • Ibo-Ibon (1996) for dancer wearing small
Some Works of Toledo bells, 2 large wind chimes passed around
the audience, 4 animator-callers and iron-
• Kwaderno No.2: Para sa Perkusyon
nail chimes played by the audience
(Chamber Music)
• Salaysay- for solo voice, 3 percussionists
• Sitsit Digidak (Chamber choir)
and pairs of pebbles distributed among the
• Irog Ko’y Pakinggan... Ang Tula sa Tulaq
audience
(Female voice, gongs and tape)
• Patangis-Buwaya (2003) for 4 sub-
• Kah-non (orchestra)
contrabass or any blown instruments
• Tanikala 2o (Symphonic band)
• Pantawag (1981) for 15 bamboo scrappers,
• Isahan sa Pagkakaisa (Rondalla) 15 palm leaves and 20 muffled “forest”
• Awit sa Ilog (Children’s Champer Opera) voices
• Basbasan (1983) for 20 bean-pod rattles and
5. Jonas Baes 20 muffled men’s voice
Jonas Baes is a composer born Baes’ Awards
in Los Baňos, Laguna in 1961.
• CCP-LFC Composition Prize (1980, for
He studied Bachelor of Music
Awit ng Ibon)
major in Composition at the
• Hall of Fame Award for best research at the
University of the Philippines
University of the Philipines “Gawad
Diliman, College of Music
Chancellor para sa Pinakamahusay na
under Ramos P. Santos from
Mananaliksik (2001-2003)
1977-1982.
• Nippon Foundation Senior Fellowship for
He also studied musicology with Jose
Asian Public Intellectuals (2008-2009)
Maceda from 1982-1985 in the same university.
He later took composition and musical politics Song Composers
with Mathias Spahlinger at the Hochschule fur In the Philippines, music has been part of
Musik Freiburg in Freiburg im Breisgau from every Filipino’s life. They love to listen and sing
1992-1994. He earned his Ph.D. in Philippines songs. These songs are sometimes made into
Studies from the University of the Philippines, music for movies which marked our aesthetics in
Diliman in 2004. music and film. In the 20th century, the names
Baes’ Musical Style Levi Celerio, Constancio Guzman, Mike Velarde,
Baes’ research about the music of the Santiago Suarez and Restituto Umali are some
Iraya-Mangyan people of Mindoro gave him known songwriters in the country that until now,
inspiration in his music compositions. He is their music is still being played in the radio. In
known for composing music utilizing fact, their music has made a remarkable impact to
“unorthodox” musical instruments like bean-pod all Filipinos.
rattles, leaves, iron-nail chimes as well as variety
of Asian instruments like bamboo scrapers and
flute. Baes also incorporated Asian vocal
techniques in his works.
1. Levi Celerio De Guzman’s Panaginip gave way for
Levi Celerio is a Filipino his opportunity to record many songs under
prolific song writer and Villar and Columbia Records.
composer born on April 30,
De Guzman’s Works
1912 in Tondo Manila and
died on April 2, 2002. He • Ang Bayan Ko
wrote more than 4,000 • Kung Kita’y Kapiling
Filipino songs. • Babalik Ka Rin
These compositions include love songs, • Ang Tangi Kong Pag-Ibig
Christmas songs, and nationalistic songs. Some • Birheng Walang Dambana
of his works were made into movies in the
• Maalaala Mo Kaya
Philippines. Celerio was also included in the
Guinness Book of Records for his skill in playing • Sa Piling Mo
music using a leaf.
Celerio was bestowed the National Artist 3. Miguel “Mike” Guison Velarde, Jr.
for Music and Literature in 1997 by the former Miguel Guison Velarde, Jr
president Fidel Ramos and was recognized as better known as “Mike”
composer and lyricist who inspired every Velarde is a composer,
Filipino. Celerio studied at the Academy of Music
conductor, movie actor,
in Manila. Furthermore, he was also a former
and a musical director. He
member of the Manila Symphony Orchestra.
\
was born on October 23,
Celerio’s Works 1913 in Manila and died in
• Ikaw 1986.
• Kahit Konting Pagtingin
Velarde’s family moved to
• Saan Ka Man Naroon
Zamboanga spending his childhood and
• Ugoy ng Duyan (Lyrics)
teenage years. There, he was inspired to
• Ang Pipit
pursue music by his mother who became his
• Itik-Itik
first piano and violin teacher. While studying
• Pitong Gatang
at the Zamboanga Normal School, he became
• Waray-Waray
an active member of the school orchestra.
• Ang Pasko ay Sumapit
With the help of Antonio Molina and
2. Constancio Canseco De Guzman Ariston Avelino, he learned basic harmony
Constacio De Guzman and composition. He continued to deepen it
was born on November through self-study. Mike Velarde also opened
11, 1903 in Guiguinto, his jazz school and had his own jazz band
Bulacan and died on named Mike Velarde’s Jazztocrats. Velarde
August 16, 1982. While also became a song editor for the Philippines
growing up in Manila, Free Pres.
he studied piano and Velarde found himself writing and
composition under composing Tagalog songs until an
Nicanor Abelardo. opportunity opened to him in the world of
He started pursuing law but he shifted movie.
and finished BS Commerce at the Jose Rizal Mike Velarde’s Works
College in 1928. Because of his deep passion
• Luksong Tagumpay
to music, he continued his craft in composing
• Alaala Kita
music for films. He was acknowledged as the
• Lahat ng Araw
“Dean of Filipino Movie Composers and
Musical Directors.” • Habang Buhay
• Minamahal Kita
• Ikaw ay Akin
 • Dahil Sa Iyo • No Man is an Island- produced by
• As Long As Forever Universal Pictures
• Buhat • Sa Bawat Pintig ng Pus0 (1964)
• Bituing Marikit • Pinag Buglod ng Langit (1969)
• Mga Anghel na Walang Langit (1970)
4. Restituto “Restie” Umali • Ang Alamat (1972)- won Best Musical
Restie Umali is a Score (FAMAS Awards)
Filipino song writer, Restituto Umali’s Popular Song
composer, arranger, Compositions
conductor, and film • Saan Ka Man Naroroon
music scorer. He was • Alaala ng Lumipas
born on June 16, 1916 at • Ang Pangarap Ko’y Ikaw
Paco Manila. • Sa Libis ng Barrio
Being exposed to music at a young • Di ka Nag-iisa
age with his father, he learned to play the • Paano Kita Lilimutin
violin. In Mapa High School, he learned
solfeggio and score reading. Umali was also 5. Ernani Potel Cuenco
an active member of the school glee club and Ernani Cuenco is a
orchestra. Filipino composer, film
In the University of Santo Tomas scorer, musical director
(UST), Umali played the E-flat horn, and music teacher. He
trombone and tuba. Umali majored in was born on May 10,
composition and conducting at the 1936 in Bulacan and
Conservatory of Music, University of the died on July 11, 1988.
Philippines, now UP College of Music. He Cuenco bestowed as a National Artist
also took commerce at the Jose Rizal College. for Music in 1999. His works highly embark
He also finished electrician’s course at the Filipino musical flavors. He even used the
Philippine School of Arts and Trades before classical kundiman as inspiration in some of
his career in films started to boom. his works. At present, his music remains part
In World War II, Felipe Padilla de of every Filipino’s lives. When Cuenco was
Leon taught Umali harmony lessons. After still young, he learned to play the violin
that, he joined the Manila Symphony taught by his mother, god mother Dona Belen
Orchestra. He had further studies in Aldaba Bautista and Jovita Tantoco. He
composition and conducting while teaching finished elementary at the Immaculata
at the UP Conservatory of Music. Umali’s Academy of Malolos in 1948.
music abilities are undeniably superb because After that, Cuenco went to the
he was mentored by his professors such as University of Santo Tomas High School for
Lucrecia Kasilag, Antonio Buenaventura and his secondary studies. He finished his
Ramon Tapales. Bachelor of Music Major in Piano at the
Restituto Umali’s Arrangements and Musical University of Santo Tomas Conservatory of
Scores for Films Music in 1956. He was given a scholarship
grant in the same university and year, and
• Arrangement of the Philippine National
studied cello with Professor Modesto
Anthem – for Boston Pops Orchestra
Marquiz and graduated in 1965. He
• for the Philippine Independence Night
completed his master’s degree in Music at the
in Boston 1972
Sta. Ifugao College in 1968.
• Kataka-Taka- for the Philippine
Independence Night in Boston 1972 He was an active member of the
Manila Symphony Orchestra where he
played the cello. He also played for the
Filipino Youth Symphony Orchestra and
Manila Chamber Soloists. In 1960, he began
his career as a musical director. Cuenco was
also sent to the International Music
Conference in Tokyo, Japan to represent the
country.
Ernani Potelo Cuenco’s Popular Works
• Nahan
• Diligin Mo ng Hamog ang Uhaw na
Lupa
• Pilipinas
• Inang Bayan
• Isang Dalangin
• Kalesa
• Gaano Kita Kamahal