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    CH 01 Sec 5

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    김성준
    This document contains examples of calculating current, power, energy, and cost for various circuits. It includes: 1) Three examples of calculating current using the definitions of current as charge per time and as number of electrons per time. 2) Six examples of calculating power for circuits with time-varying voltages and currents, including plotting the power vs. time using MATLAB. 3) An example calculating the energy delivered to a battery over 5 hours. 4) Two final examples calculating the instantaneous power and total energy for simple circuits.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    CH 01 Sec 5

    Uploaded by

    김성준
    17 views5 pages
    This document contains examples of calculating current, power, energy, and cost for various circuits. It includes: 1) Three examples of calculating current using the definitions of current as charge per time and as number of electrons per time. 2) Six examples of calculating power for circuits with time-varying voltages and currents, including plotting the power vs. time using MATLAB. 3) An example calculating the energy delivered to a battery over 5 hours. 4) Two final examples calculating the instantaneous power and total energy for simple circuits.

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    circuit theory solution

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    ch01sec5

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    This document contains examples of calculating current, power, energy, and cost for various circuits. It includes: 1) Three examples of calculating current using the definitions of current as charge per time and as number of electrons per time. 2) Six examples of calculating power for circuits with time-varying voltages and currents, including plotting the power vs. time using MATLAB. 3) An example calculating the energy delivered to a battery over 5 hours. 4) Two final examples calculating the instantaneous power and total energy for simple circuits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17 views5 pages

    CH 01 Sec 5

    Uploaded by

    김성준
    This document contains examples of calculating current, power, energy, and cost for various circuits. It includes: 1) Three examples of calculating current using the definitions of current as charge per time and as number of electrons per time. 2) Six examples of calculating power for circuits with time-varying voltages and currents, including plotting the power vs. time using MATLAB. 3) An example calculating the energy delivered to a battery over 5 hours. 4) Two final examples calculating the instantaneous power and total energy for simple circuits.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Section 1-3 Systems of Units

    P1.3-1
    Δq = i Δt = ( 4000 A )( 0.001 s ) = 4C

    P1.3-2
    Δ q 45 ×10−9
    i= = −3
    = 9 ×10−6 = 9 μA
    Δt 5 ×10

    P1.3-3
    ⎡ electron ⎤ ⎡ −19 C ⎤ ⎡ 9 electron ⎤ ⎡ −19 C ⎤
    i = ⎢10 billion ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣1.602 × 10 = 10×10 1.602 × 10
    ⎣ s electron ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ s ⎥⎦ ⎢⎣ electron ⎥⎦
    electron C
    = 1010 × 1.602 ×10−19
    s electron
    C
    = 1.602 × 10−9 = 1.602 nA
    s

    Section 1-5 Power and Energy

    P1.5-1
    a.) q = ∫ i dt = iΔt = (10 A )( 2 hrs )( 3600s/hr ) = 7.2×10
    4
    C
    b.) P = v i = (110 V )(10 A ) = 1100 W
    0.06$
    c.) Cost = ×1.1kW × 2 hrs = 0.132 $
    kWhr

    P1.5-2
    P = ( 6 V )(10 mA ) = 0.06 W
    Δw 200 W⋅s
    Δt = = = 3.33×103 s
    P 0.06 W

    1-3
    P1.5-3
    30
    for 0 ≤ t ≤ 10 s: v = 30 V and i = t = 2t A ∴ P = 30(2t ) = 60t W
    15
    25
    for 10 ≤ t ≤ 15 s: v ( t ) = − t + b ⇒ v (10 ) = 30 V ⇒ b = 80 V
    5
    v (t ) = −5t + 80 and i (t ) = 2t A ⇒ P = ( 2t )( −5t + 80 ) = −10t 2 +160t W
    30
    for 15 ≤ t ≤ 25 s: v = 5 V and i (t ) = − t +b A
    10
    i (25) = 0 ⇒ b = 75 ⇒ i (t ) = −3t + 75 A
    ∴ P = ( 5 )( −3t + 75 ) = −15t + 375 W

    Energy = ∫ P dt = ∫ 60t dt + ∫10 (160t −10t 2 ) dt + ∫15 ( 375−15t ) dt


    10 15 25

    0
    15 25
    2 10
    = 30t + 80t 2 − 10 t 3 + 375t − 15 t 2 = 5833.3 J
    0 3 10 2 15

    1-4
    P1.5-4
    a.) Assuming no more energy is delivered to the battery after 5 hours (battery is fully
    charged).
    5( 3600 )
    5 ( 3600 ) ⎛ 0.5 τ ⎞ 0.5 2
    w = ∫ Pdt = ∫0 vi dτ = ∫0
    t
    2 ⎜ 11 + ⎟ dτ = 22 t + τ
    ⎝ 3600 ⎠ 3600 0
    = 441× 103 J = 441 kJ

    1 hr 10¢
    b.) Cost = 441kJ × × = 1.23¢
    3600s kWhr

    P1.5-5
    ⎛1 ⎞ 1 1
    p ( t ) = v ( t ) i ( t ) = ( 4 cos 3 t ) ⎜ sin 3 t ⎟ = ( sin 0 + sin 6 t ) = sin 6 t W
    ⎝ 12 ⎠ 6 6
    1
    p ( 0.5 ) = sin 3 = 0.0235 W
    6
    1
    p (1) = sin 6 = −0.0466 W
    6

    Here is a MATLAB program to plot p(t):

    clear
    t0=0; % initial time
    tf=2; % final time
    dt=0.02; % time increment
    t=t0:dt:tf; % time

    v=4*cos(3*t); % device voltage


    i=(1/12)*sin(3*t); % device current

    for k=1:length(t)
    p(k)=v(k)*i(k); % power
    end

    plot(t,p)
    xlabel('time, s');
    ylabel('power, W')

    1-5
    P1.5-6
    p ( t ) = v ( t ) i ( t ) = ( 8sin 3 t )( 2sin 3 t ) = 8 ( cos 0 − cos 6 t ) = 8 − 8cos 6 t W

    Here is a MATLAB program to plot p(t):

    clear

    t0=0; % initial time


    tf=2; % final time
    dt=0.02; % time increment
    t=t0:dt:tf; % time

    v=8*sin(3*t); % device voltage


    i=2*sin(3*t); % device current

    for k=1:length(t)
    p(k)=v(k)*i(k); % power
    end

    plot(t,p)
    xlabel('time, s');
    ylabel('power, W')

    1-6
    P1.5-7
    ( ) ( )
    p ( t ) = v ( t ) i ( t ) = 4 1 − e−2 t × 2 e−2 t = 8 1 − e−2 t e−2 t W

    Here is a MATLAB program to plot p(t):

    clear

    t0=0; % initial time


    tf=2; % final time
    dt=0.02; % time increment
    t=t0:dt:tf; % time

    v=4*(1-exp(-2*t)); % device voltage


    i=2*exp(-2*t); % device current

    for k=1:length(t)
    p(k)=v(k)*i(k); % power
    end

    plot(t,p)
    xlabel('time, s');
    ylabel('power, W')

    P1.5-8
    P = V I =3 × 0.2=0.6 W
    w = PΔ t = 0.6 × 5 × 60=180 J

    1-7

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