Guiguinto National Vocational High School

Poblacion, Guiguinto, Bulacan

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

S.Y. 2022-2023

The Difficulties Encountered by the ABM Students in their Specialized Subjects

A Qualitative Research Presented to

The Faculty of Senior High School Department
Guiguinto National Vocational High School
Poblacion, Guiguinto, Bulacan

In Partial Fulfilment
of the Requirements for the Accounting, and Business Management (ABM) Track
ABM - Strand

By

Grade 11 – ABM D

Anna Veronica D. Sabariaga

Subject Teacher

March, 2023
 Table of Contents

Page
List of Tables ………………………………………………………………….. vii
List of Figures ………………………………………………………………..... viii
List of Appendices …………………………………………………………….. ix

Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Background

Introduction …………………………………………………………..... 1
Significance of the Study………………………………………………. 2
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework ………………….………………... 2
Statement of the Problem ……………………………………………… 3
Hypothesis of the Study………………………………………………... 4
Definition of Terms …………………………………………………..... 4
Scope and Delimitation …………....………..………….……………… 6

Chapter 2: Review of Related Literature and Studies *edit using your

own research title

Knowledge on Waste Management Practices ………………………… 7

Waste Management Practices ………………………………………… 26
Effects of Students’ Knowledge on Waste Management on their Waste
Disposal Practices …………………………………………………….. 37

Chapter 3: Methodology of the Study

Methods and Techniques …………………………………………….. 63

Respondents of the Study……………………………………………... 63
Instruments of the Study………………………………………………. 64
Data Gathering Procedure ……………………………………………. 64
Data Processing and Statistical Treatment………...…………………... 65

Chapter 4: Presentation, Analysis and, Interpretation of Data (use your own topic)

The Knowledge on Waste Management of the Students ……………… 66

The Waste Management Practices of the Students ……………………. 69
The Effect of the Knowledge on Waste Management of the Students
on Their Waste Management Practices ……………………………….. 72
Chapter 5: Summary, Conclusions and, Recommendations

Summary of Findings…………………………………………………... 74
Conclusions…………………………………………………………….. 77
Recommendations……………………………………………………… 77

References… ………...……………………………………………………...... 79

Appendices……….…………………………………………………………… 82

Curriculum Vitae…………………..………………………………………… 85
 Chapter I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter of the paper presents the problem and its setting. It includes the background

of the study and the statement of the problem.

Introduction

In the Senior High School curriculum, the Academic Strand of Business and

Management (ABM) is designed to prepare students for a career in the field of business and

entrepreneurship. ABM students are expected to develop skills in finance, management, and

other related areas. To achieve this, the ABM curriculum includes specialized subject that aim to

provide students with in-depth knowledge and practical skills in various areas of business

management. However, students often face difficulties in these specialized subjects. Which can

impact their academic performance and hinder their ability to pursue their chosen career paths.

This paper will explore the different difficulties faced by the ABM students in their specialized

subjects, the reasons behind these challenges, and the strategies that can be implemented to

support their success.

Background of the Study

According to the abstract of the research “Benefits of Guided Self-Management of

Attention on Learning Accounting” (2017). In recall and transfer tests, students using a guided
self-managed instructional design format outperformed those who use a standard split-attention

format.

The research led the students to offer more guidance on how to handle the challenges that

ABM students had with their subjects. However, the focus of this study is to find the difficulties

encountered by the students in their specialized subjects.

As ABM students, the research claims that this study must be relevant because it has an

impact on the future courses and jobs. In two years of senior high school, it provides advanced

knowledge and practice for the students’ skills to face the college course and have a successful

path in life.

According to the ICCT Education Philippines, there are many jobs that an ABM students

can apply after graduating. These includes project officer, marketing director, bookkeeper,

internal auditor, business owner, and so many more.

Significance of the Study

In this part, the researchers list down the beneficiaries of the study and how will they

benefit. Which is the following:

 ABM Students- To learn more about the difficulties in their specialized subjects. This

study will be helpful to lessen the problems they may encounter.

 Teachers- To learn and to find out the students’ lacking on understanding the lessons.

This study will guide the teachers in creating a solution for these problems.
  Future Researchers- To inspire them to create research on how can they make an

answer on solving the problems that shows as our result of this study.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Specialized subjects in The difficulties

Accountancy, encountered by the
Business and ABM students in the
Management (ABM) ABM strand.
Strand.
Effect

Specialized subjects are for students who are planning to take up advanced knowledge
to improve their occupational aptitudes and skills. To focus on the difficulties of ABM
students in their specialized subjects, ABM students should concentrate on their
academic aptitudes and achievement, which relates to how well they have performed
or can perform in school and where their weak and strong areas are.

Statement of the Problem

In this study, the researchers aim to discover what are the challenges and difficulties that

the ABM students are facing in the onsite classes set up with their specialized subject. This study

aims to provide information, result and possible solution to problem that the researchers may

gather upon conducting this research concerning the challenges and difficulties that the ABM

student encountered. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following question:

1. What are the specialized subject that the ABM students are taking?

2. What are the challenges and difficulties that ABM student encountered?
3. How does the challenges and difficulties they encountered affect their performance as a

student?

4. What are the strategies that the ABM student do to overcome those challenges?

Hypothesis of the Study

The ABM students have encountered some difficulties in their specialized subjects.

Definition of Terms

To further understand the study, some terminologies were given conceptual and/or

operational definitions.

Accountancy, Business and Management - (from edukasyon.ph) A strand in senior

high school that focus on the basic concepts of financial management, business management,

corporate operations, and all things that are accounted for. The students in this strand are the

researchers’ chosen population for this study.

Specialized subjects - According to courses.com.ph, specialized subjects are subjects

that are unique to the career track or learning strand that the students chose. These are similar to

the major subjects that college students take, although they’re designed to be less complex than

their college counterparts. The study used these as the independent variable of the study that

shows the relation with the problems and challenges encountered by the ABM Students.

Difficulties - something that is a cause for suffering or special effort especially in the

attainment of a goal (Merriam Webster, 2023). This is the dependent variable of this study that

the ABM Students faces in their specialized subjects.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The study in conducted on the senior high school students of Guiguinto National Vocational High

School (GNVHS). The study is limited for only who pursue the Accountancy, Business and Management

(ABM) strand (S.Y. 2022-2023) who encounters the difficulty in the specialized subject in this strand.
 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This section of the study presents the review of related literature and studies on the local

and foreign source, which added more relevance and depth of the research study.
 Chapter 3

Methodology of the Study

This chapter presents the methods and techniques in the study, the respondents of the

study, the instruments, and the data processing and statistical treatment to answer the sub-

problems given in Chapter 1.

Research Design

This study is quantitative as describe since the research question we pursue to answer

lead to numerical data.

Specifically, the study is descriptive as it aims to __________

Kowalczyk (2019) defines descriptive research as the study intended to represent the

participants in a precise manner and is all about relating people who take part in the research.

The Sample (Please edit based on your study)

The target population of the study is the senior high school students during the first

semester of the academic year, 2019-2020 of Guiguinto National Vocational High School in

Poblacion, Guiguinto, Bulacan. These students belong to ___________Strand.

With a population size of 866, the researchers will consider a sample of 100 respondents.

These samples shall be randomly selected through purposive sampling.

The Instrument(s)

This study will utilize two research instruments to gather data on the variables being

studied. To measure the respondents’(state your research title), the researchers propose to use a

(what is the questionnaire all about). A questionnaire will be used to determine the (state here
the part two of your survey questionnaire). These instruments are further defined in the

subsequent paragraphs.

Title of your Survey Questionnaire. The purpose of this _____ is to assess the

respondents’ ___________. It was developed by (reference) to____________. Aside from being

recent, the researchers have decided to use the instruments because it has been _________.

A cover letter addressed to the researchers is attached to the questionnaire explaining the

research, its rationale and purpose, and the general instructions on how to fill out the form. The

questionnaire is composed of two parts. Part one seeks to gather data regarding the demographic

profile of the respondents which includes their sex, grade level, and specialization. Part two of

the questionnaire ______________________and instructs the respondent to check those which

they encountered, as many as applies.

Plan for Data Analysis

To answer the questions presented under the Statement of the Problem, the following

statistical tools will be employed:

1. Frequency and percentage distribution will be used to present and analyze data regarding

the demographic profile of the respondents and problems encountered by the respondents

during car parking skills.

2. The score will categorize the respondents’_________________________. This mean

shall be interpreted as follows:

 Scale Scores Range Interpretation

5 13 – 16 90 – 100 Outstanding

4 12 85 – 89 Very Satisfactory

3 10 – 11 80 – 84 Satisfactory

2 7–9 75 – 79 Fairly Satisfactory

1 0–6 70 – 74 Did Not Meet

Expectation

(Edit this one based on your research)

 Chapter 4

Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data

This chapter presents, analyses, and interprets the data collected in the study. For clarity

of presentation and consistency in the discussion, the data are presented following the order and

sequence of the questions raised in Chapter 1, (1) the knowledge on waste management of the

students; (2) the waste management practices of the students; (3) the effect of the knowledge of

the students on waste management practices; and (4) environmental implications of the study.

Indicators Mean Interpretation

I am aware about the existence of solid waste management rules 3.97 High
I am aware about the existence of solid waste management plan in 3.82 High
the institution
I know 5S. (Sort, Set in Order, Shine, Standardized, Sustain) 3.90 High
Average 3.89 High

Sample table
 Chapter 5

Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusions, and recommendations with

regards to the assessment of the effect of the knowledge on waste management of the students

on their waste management practices this study used the descriptive correlational method of

research that utilized a standardized questionnaire as a primary data-gathering tool. The

respondents of the study were (How many students?) Students from (a public school in) the

City of Malolos during the School Year 2017-2018.

The following null hypothesis was subjected to testing at 0.05 level of significance. The

knowledge of waste management of the students does not affect their waste management

practices. The results were processed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS),

and the data were presented using appropriate tables and texts. The results were analyzed and

interpreted using statistical tests such as regression analysis in assessing the effect of the

knowledge on waste management of the students on their waste management practices. Using

the procedures above, the findings of the study may be summarized as follows:

Summary of Findings
Conclusions

In light of the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

Recommendations

Based on the findings and conclusions of the study, the following recommendations are

hereby submitted:
 References

Abul S. (2010). Environmental and health impact of solid waste disposal at Mangwaneni
dumpsite in Manzini: Swaziland. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa
12: 64–87.
 Appendix A

Instruments of the Study

Curriculum Vitae