8

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Illustrates the SAS, ASA and SSS
Congruence Postulates
Mathematics – Grade 8
Quarter 3 – Module 4: Illustrates the SAS, ASA and SSS congruence postulates
First Edition 2020

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 8

Mathematics
Quarter 3 – Module 3:
Illustrates the SAS, ASA and SSS
Congruence Postulates
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the nature of Geometry. The scope of this module permits it to be used
in many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is composed of one lesson:

Lesson 1 – Illustrates the SAS, ASA and SSS congruence postulates
(M8GE-IIId-e-1)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. define SAS, ASA, and SSS congruence postulates
2. illustrates the SAS, ASA, and SSS congruence postulates.
3. relate SAS, ASA, and SSS congruence postulates in real life situations.

Let Us Try
Activity 1

“Fast Talk”
You will answer each question as fast as you can.
Questions:

1. A three-sided polygon.
2. Angles that are opposite to each other and formed by two intersecting
straight lines.
3. A property states that any geometric figure is congruent to itself is
called_____.
4. A triangle with three congruent sides.
5. A triangle with at least two congruent sides.
6. The sum of the measures of the angles in a triangle.
7. A triangle with one right angle.
8. In an isosceles triangle, the two angles are congruent then the sides opposite
of the angles are _____.
9. A tool used to measure angle.
10. An acute triangle with three congruent angles

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 Activity 2
Let’s try to identify whether these pair of objects are congruent or not
congruent.

1. ___________________________

2. ___________________________

3. . ___________________________

4. . ___________________________

5.
. ___________________________

Let Us Study
Before we study the postulates about congruent triangles, let us first identify
the parts of a triangle in terms of their relative positions.

INCLUDED ANGLES – it is an angle between two sides of a triangle

Example

The included angle of $$$$$

𝐷𝑇 and $$$$$
𝐷𝐸 𝑖𝑠 ∠𝑫.

The included angle of $$$$$

𝐷𝐸 and $$$$$
𝐸𝑇 𝑖𝑠 ∠𝑬.

$$$$$ and 𝑇𝐷
The included angle of 𝑇𝐸 $$$$$ 𝑖𝑠 ∠𝑻.

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 INCLUDED SIDES – it is a side common to two angles of a triangle
Example
$$$$$
The included side of ∠𝐷 and ∠𝐸 𝑖𝑠 𝑫𝑬.

$$$$$
The included side of ∠T and ∠𝐸 𝑖𝑠 𝑻𝑬.

The included side of ∠𝐷 and ∠𝑇 𝑖𝑠 $$$$$

𝑫𝑻 .

Using the figures below, what are the corresponding sides and corresponding
angles of the two the triangles?

CORRESPONDING SIDES CONGRUENT SIDES

$$$$ $$$$
𝐴𝐵 ↔ 𝑋𝑌 $$$$ $$$$
𝐴𝐵 ≅ 𝑋𝑌

$$$$ ↔ $$$$$
𝐵𝐶 𝑌𝑍 $$$$ ≅ 𝑌𝑍
𝐵𝐶 $$$$$

$$$$
𝐶𝐴 ↔ $$$$
𝑍𝑋 $$$$
𝐶𝐴 ≅ $$$$
𝑍𝑋

CORRESPONDING ANGLES CONGRUENT ANGLES

∠A ↔ ∠X ∠A ≅ ∠X

∠B ↔ ∠Y ∠ B ≅ ∠Y

∠C ↔ ∠Z ∠C ≅ ∠Z

When the corresponding sides and the corresponding angles of the triangles
are congruent then the two triangles are congruent.
If the triangles are congruent then the corresponding parts of the triangles
are congruent.
Or we can say “Corresponding Parts of Congruent Triangles are
Congruent or CPCTC”.

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 In this Example we can say that ABC XYZ.

Another way to check the congruency of the triangles is to use the 3

congruence postulates, these are SSS, SAS, and ASA congruence postulates.

A postulate is a statement, which is accepted as true without proof.

For SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence Postulate, states that the two
triangles are congruent if the three sides of the triangle are congruent to the
corresponding three sides of the other triangle.

The congruent corresponding sides are $$$$

𝐸𝐷 $$$$ $$$$
𝑈𝑇 , 𝐷𝐹 $$$$, 𝐹𝐸
𝑇𝑆 $$$$ $$$$.
𝑆𝑈

Therefore, UTS EDF.

SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence Postulate, states that the triangles are

congruent if two sides and the included angle of the triangle are congruent to the
corresponding two sides and the included angle of the other triangle.
Note: Included angle is the angle between the two sides of a triangle.

The congruent corresponding sides are $$$

𝐵𝐼 $$$$ , $$$$
𝐹𝐴 𝐵𝐺 $$$$
𝐹𝑇 and the congruent
included angles are ∠ B ∠ F.

Therefore, BIG FAT.

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 In ASA (Angle-Side- Angle) Congruence Postulate, states that the triangles
are congruent if two angles and the included side are congruent to the
corresponding two angles and the included side of the other triangle.
Note: Included side is the side common to the two angles of a triangle.

The congruent corresponding sides are $$$$

𝐷𝑇 $$$ and congruent corresponding
𝑃𝐼
angles are ∠D ∠ P and ∠ T ∠ I.

Therefore, DTE PIH.

Let Us Practice

Let’s try to practice what we have learned in our lesson today.

Corresponding congruent parts are marked. Identify what postulate (SSS,

SAS, or ASA) that shows the triangles are congruent. If none works, then write
NONE.

1. ________________________________

2. ________________________________

3. ________________________________

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4. ________________________________

5. ________________________________

Let Us Practice More

I. Which triangles are congruent? Complete the congruent statement.

1.

__________ ≅ _________

2.

__________ ≅ _________

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 3.

__________ ≅ _________

Let Us Remember

A postulate is a statement, which is accepted as true without proof.

to be true.

For SSS (Side-Side-Side) Congruence Postulate, states that the two

triangles are congruent if the three sides of the triangle are congruent to the
corresponding three sides of the other triangle.

In SAS (Side-Angle-Side) Congruence Postulate, states that the triangles

are congruent if two sides and the included angle of the triangle are congruent to
the corresponding two sides and the included angle of the other triangle.
Note: Included angle is the angle between the two sides of a triangle.

In ASA (Angle-Side- Angle) Congruence Postulate, states that the triangles

are congruent if two angles and the included side are congruent to the
corresponding two angles and the included side of the other triangle.
Note: Included side is the side common to the two angles of a triangle.

Let Us Assess
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on
your answer sheet.
1. If ∆𝑆𝑈𝑀 ≅ ∆𝑃𝑅𝑂, which angle is congruent to ∠𝑈?
A. ∠𝑆 B. ∠𝑃 C. ∠𝑅 D. ∠𝑂

2. In 𝛥𝑃𝑄𝑅, which is the included side of ∠𝑃 and ∠𝑄?

A. $$$$
𝑃𝑄 B. $$$$
𝑄𝑅 C. $$$$
𝑃𝑅 $$$$
D. 𝑅𝑃

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3. Listed below are the three pairs of corresponding parts of the congruent triangles
∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐸𝐹𝐷. What postulate guarantees congruency between the two triangles?

Given:
$$$$ ≅ 𝐸𝐹
𝐴𝐵 $$$$ A. SAS Postulate B. ASA Postulate
∠𝐵𝐴𝐶 ≅ ∠𝐹𝐸𝐷 C. SSS Postulate D. SAA Postulate
$$$$
𝐴𝐶 ≅ 𝐸𝐷$$$$

4. Use the markings in the triangles to write the proper congruence statements.
I I
A. #### '
𝐺𝐾 ≅ 𝐽𝐼 B. ####𝐺𝐾 ≅ 𝐽𝐼'
####
𝐻𝐾 ≅ #𝐻𝐼
### ####
𝐾𝐻 ≅ #𝐼𝐻 ### G H
∠𝐺𝐻𝐾 ≅ ∠𝐽𝐻𝐼 #### ≅ 𝐽𝐻
𝐺𝐻 #### G J
H
∆𝐺𝐾𝐻 ≅ ∆𝐽𝐼𝐻 ∆𝐺𝐾𝐻 ≅ ∆𝐽𝐼𝐻 K
C. 𝐺𝐻 #### ≅ #𝐽𝐻
### D. 𝐺𝐾 #### ≅ 𝐽𝐼
' J
####
𝐾𝐻 ≅ #𝐼𝐻 ### ####
𝐾𝐻 ≅ #𝐼𝐻###
∠𝐺𝐻𝐾 ≅ ∠𝐽𝐻𝐼 ∠𝐾𝐺𝐻 ≅ ∠𝐼𝐽𝐻 K
∆𝐺𝐾𝐻 ≅ ∆𝐽𝐼𝐻 ∆𝐺𝐾𝐻 ≅ ∆𝐽𝐼𝐻

$$$$ ≅ $$$$
5. If 𝐻𝑂 𝑁𝑅, ∠𝐻 ≅ ∠𝑁 and∠𝑂 ≅ ∠𝑅, which triangle congruence postulate
guarantees that ∆𝐻𝑂𝑃 ≅ ∆𝑁𝑅𝑇?

A. SAS Postulate B. ASA Postulate C. SSS Postulate D.SAA Postulate

6. Which pair of triangles shows congruency by the SAS Postulate?

Figure A Figure B Figure C Figure D

A. Figure A B. Figure D C. Figure C D. Figures C and D

7. What is the length of side AC?

D B

6 13

` E F A C
8

A. 2 units B. 6 units C. 8 units D. 13 units

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8. Which postulate can be used to prove the triangles are congruent?

A. SAS Postulate B. ASA Postulate C. SSS Postulate D.SAA Postulate

9. Miguel knows that in ΔMIG and ΔJAN are congruent, 𝑀𝐼 $$$$ ≅ 𝐽𝐴

$$$, $$$ $$$$, and
𝐼𝐺 ≅ 𝐴𝑁
$$$$$
𝑀𝐺 ≅ $𝐽𝑁
$$$ . Which postulate or theorem can he use to prove the triangles congruent?

A. SAS triangle congruence postulate

B. AAS triangle congruence postulate
C. ASA triangle congruence postulate
D. SSS triangle congruence postulate

10. If ∆ABC ≅ ∆ XYZ, which of the following can you not conclude as being true?

A. ∠B ≅ ∠Y
B. $$$$
𝐵𝐶 ≅ $$$$
𝑌𝑍
C. ∠A ≅ ∠X
D. $$$$
𝐴𝐵 ≅ $$$$
𝑋𝑍

11. Name the included angle of the sides $$$$

𝐴𝐵 and $$$$
𝐵𝑍.
A. ∠ B C. ∠A
B. ∠ Z D. none of these

12. Which rule explains why these triangles are congruent?

A. AAS
B. ASA
C. SAS
D. SSS
E. None of the above

13. Which rule explains why these triangles are congruent?

A. ASA
B. SAS
C. AAS
D. SSS
E. These triangles cannot be proven congruent.

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14. State whether ∆FGH and ∆FJI are congruent. Justify your answer.

A. Yes, by SSS only

B. Yes, by SAS only
C. Yes by either SSS or SAS
D. No; these triangles cannot
be proven congruent.

15. Based on the given below, what can you conclude, and why?

Given: $$$$ ≅ $$$$

∠ G ≅ ∠ R and 𝐺𝑂 𝑅𝑂

P T

a. ∆ GPO ≅ ∆ RTO by SAS

b. ∆ GPO ≅ ∆ ORT by ASA
c. ∆ GPO ≅ ∆ ORT by SAS
d. ∆ GPO ≅ ∆ RTO by ASA O

G R

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 Let Us Enhance

“Let Us Explore sa Bahay ko”

Take at least 5 pictures or draw an object in your house where you

can see triangles. For each picture or drawing, identify congruent
triangles. Justify why these triangles are congruent.
Make a portfolio of this task.

Rubrics for Scoring

CRITERIA OUTSTANDING SATISFACTORY DEVELOPING BEGINNING
10 POINTS 8 POINTS 5 POINTS 2 POINTS
Explanation Explanation Explanation Explanation
shows very shows shows gaps shows illogical
Mathematical good substantial in reasoning reasoning
Reasoning reasoning and reasoning
insightful
justification
The output is The output is Most part of Some of the
Accuracy correct and correct the output of details are
shown in the are correct
detail correct
The The The The
presentation is presentation is presentation presentation is
delivered in a delivered in a is delivered delivered in a
very clear manner. in clear manner.
Presentation convincing Appropriate disorganized It does not use
manner. visual materials manner. any visual
Appropriate used. Some visual materials.
and creative materials are
visual used.
materials
used.

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 Let Us Reflect

Like, Heart and Sad Reacts

On the Like React, write three things that you have learned about the lesson.
On the Heart React, write two real-life situations where you can apply the concept of
triangle congruence
On the Sad React, write one question that you want to ask about the topic.

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 13
Let us assess
1. C
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. B
Let Us Practice More
6. C
7. C
8. B 1. WXY ≅ JIH
9. D
10. D
11. A 2. BCD ≅ HIJ
12. E
13. E
3. KIJ ≅ TUS
14. C
15. D
Let Us Practice Let Us Try
Activity 1
1. SAS 1. Triangle
2. ASA 2. Vertical Angles
3. SSS
3. Reflexive Property
4. NONE
4. Equilateral triangle
5. NONE
5. Isosceles Triangle
6. 180 degrees
7. Right Triangle
Let Us Try 8. congruent
Activity 9. Protractor
1. Congruent 10. Equiangular Triangle
2. Not Congruent
3. Congruent
4. Not Congruent
5. Congruent
Answer Key
 References

Emmanuel P. Abuso, et.al., Mathematics Grade 8 Learner`s Module,

Department of Education- Bureau of learning Resources 2013, 353-358

Evangeline P. Bautista, Ph.D. et.al., Experiencing Mathematics Geometry,

Vibal Publishing House, 2006

Simon L. Chua,D.T. et.al., Soaring 21st Century Mathematics Exploring

Geometry, Phoenix Publishing House, 2004

Orlando A. Oronce and Marilyn O.Mendoza, E-Math Worktext in Mathematics

Manila: Rex Bookstore, 2019, 238

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education – Davao City Division
Elpidio Quirino Ave., Poblacion District, Davao City, 8000 Davao del Sur

Telefax: (082) 224-3274, (082) 222-1672

E-mail Address: [email protected]