TLE 10 Name___________________________________ Score ____________ 1st Q

MODULE Non- Communicable Diseases: Their Signs and

These are caused by disorders and malfunctioning of the body systems due to food deficiency, accidents, harmful
personal habit, pollution and chemicals.
Diseases Signs/ symptoms Causes Treatment/ Preventive
measures
Alzheimer’s Loss of memory characterized Destruction of brain cells disrupting General treatment approach
Disease by inability to recall past as well the transmitters that carry messages to patient is to provide
as new persons, events, in the brain, particularly those supportive medical care,
situations, and information responsible for storing memories pharmacological treatment
for specific symptoms,
including disruptive
behavior, and emotional
support for patients and their
families.
Epilepsy Temporary symptoms: Excessive electrical discharges in a Avoid head trauma and birth
Loss of group of brain cells, seizures caused anoxia (inadequate levels of
awareness/consciousness, by any kind of brain disease (e.g., oxygen in the tissues). Most
disturbances of movement, infection, injury, vascular tumor, epileptic syndromes,
sensation (including vision, congenital and degenerative however, cannot be
hearing and taste), mood and diseases) prevented
mental function
Osteoarthritis Pain and stiffness in the affected Aging, obesity, repeated trauma or Reduce weight. Avoid
joint(s), swelling, warmth, and surgery to the joint structure’s activities that exert
creaking of the affected joint(s) abnormal joints at birth (congenital excessive stress on the joint
abnormalities), gout, diabetes, cartilage.
Hormone disorders
Osteoporosis Present without any signs and Poor nutrition (low-calcium diet), Medications that increase
symptoms until bone fractures lack of exercise, smoking, bone formation, such as
malabsorption of nutrients, hormonal teriparatide, may also be
conditions (low levels of estrogen or given
testosterone)
Cerebrovascula Numbness or sudden weakness Blocked blood vessel in the brain Eat a healthy diet. Engage
r Disease of the face, arm, or leg, due to blood clot that forms around in regular physical activity.
especially on one side of the the buildup of fatty deposits on the Maintain a healthy weight.
body. Confusion/difficulty inner walls of blood vessels or Control blood pressure.
speaking or understanding blockage due to a travelling particle Control blood sugar. Quit
speech. or debris in the blood stream smoking. Drink alcohol in
originating from elsewhere (ischemic moderation. Avoid chronic
stroke) stress or anger
Heat Stroke Warm, flushed skin, faintness, Hot and humid weather, vigorous Move the person to a shady
dizziness, weakness, headache, exercise in hot weather, dehydration, spot or indoors and have
very high fever of 41°C, rapid too much direct exposure to the sun, him/her lie down with legs
heartbeat, convulsion, infants, the elderly, athletes, and elevated.
unconsciousness individuals who work outside
High Blood Often has no symptoms (also Increasing age (above 40 years old Anti-hypertensive
Pressure or called a “silent killer”), some for males; menopausal age for medications to control and
Hypertension people may develop the female) • Smoking, overweight, maintain blood pressure are
following: − Headache − chronic stress heavy alcohol given.
Dizziness − Blurred vision − consumption, high serum cholesterol
Nausea and vomiting − Chest level, family history of heart disease,
pain and shortness of breath diabetes, and kidney disease
Diabetes Fatigue, unexplained weight High blood pressure, high blood Oral hypoglycemic
loss, excessive thirst, excessive triglyceride (fat) levels, gestational medications; and
urination, excessive eating, poor diabetes or giving birth to a baby Subcutaneous injection of
wound healing, blurry vision, weighing more than 9 pounds, high- insulin for Type 1 DM and
infections (e.g., urinary tract fat diet, high alcohol intake, those with uncontrolled
infection, yeast infections), sedentary lifestyle blood sugar.
irritability
Coronary Cardiac arrest, Chest Heredity, high levels of cholesterol Lifestyle change is the most
Artery Disease pain/discomfort that may radiate in the blood, smoking, diabetes, effective way to prevent
to shoulders, arms, neck, jaw, or obesity high blood pressure, high-fat heart disease: Eat a
back (usually left side) and diet, lack of exercise, emotional healthy/balanced diet.
tends to get worse during stress Engage in regular physical
 exertion (physical activity. Lower fat intake.
activity/exercise), shortness of Lower blood cholesterol.
breath, palpitations (rapid or Control high blood pressure
strong heartbeat), Irregular and diabetes. Quit smoking.
heartbeat Lower alcohol intake.
Chronic Chronic cough with phlegm, Tobacco smoking, indoor air pollution A diagnostic test called
Obstructive breathlessness, wheezing (such as biomass fuel used for cooking “spirometry” can confirm
Pulmonary and heating), outdoor air pollution, COPD. It measures how
Disease (COPD) occupational dusts and chemicals much air a person can inhale
(vapors, irritants, and fumes) and exhale, and how fast air
can move into and out of the
lungs, COPD is not curable.

FT1. Research the following kind of cancer (include its signs, causes, and treatment or preventive measures).
1. Bone Cancer
2. Breast Cancer
3. Cervical Cancer
4. Leukemia
5. Colon Cancer
6. Liver Cancer
7. Lung Cancer
8. Lymphomas
9. Ovarian Cancer
10. Prostate Cancer
FT2. How does a healthy lifestyle prevent diseases? List five (5) methods to develop and maintain a healthy body and mind.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
FT3. Answer thoroughly.
1. How can you differentiate the preventive measures in communicable diseases from the preventive measure in non-communicable
diseases?

2. What do you think will be best to be done to avoid any kind of cancer?

3. Is there any record of your family who had cancer before? State his/her experiences or treatment.

4. Does diabetic choose a specific age to target?

5. What causes hypertension?

6. Can epilepsy be treated? How?

7. Create a tagline on how to avoid heatstroke.

END