Medical Language, 5e (Turley)

Chapter 5 Cardiology – Cardiovascular System

5.1 Multiple Choice Questions

1) The most commonly used site for measuring the heart rate is at the ________ pulse in the
wrist.
Answer: C

2) Acute coronary syndrome includes all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Answer: B

3) The valve located between the right atrium and right ventricle is the ________.
Answer: A

4) Which blood test does NOT help to make the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction?
Answer: C

5) Which surgical procedure is done to restore blood flow to the myocardium when an artery is
occluded?
Answer: C

6) Which of the following involves an inability of the heart to pump sufficient amounts of blood?
Answer: D

7) Which measurement is a reading from a sphygmomanometer?

Answer: A

8) Tests reveal that Mrs. Rogers's mitral valve does NOT close properly, allowing a backflow of
blood with each heart contraction. The medical word to describe this valve problem is ________.
Answer: C

9) In the pathway of blood flow, oxygenated blood in the pulmonary artery returns to the heart
and enters the heart at the ________.
Answer: C

10) When the flow of oxygenated blood through a coronary artery is blocked by atherosclerosis
and there is ischemia of the myocardium, the patient will experience ________.
Answer: B

11) The medical procedure sclerotherapy is performed to treat ________.

Answer: A

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12) A defibrillator device is used to treat which of the following?
A) Atrial flutter
B) Hypertension
C) Mitral valve prolapse
D) Ventricular fibrillation
Answer: D

13) Pericarditis, an infection with an accumulation of fluid in the pericardial sac, can lead to
cardiac ________, as the fluid compresses the heart and stops it from beating.
A) bigeminy
B) bruit
C) diastole
D) tamponade
Answer: D

14) In which of the following conditions do no electrical impulses reach the ventricles?
A) Murmur
B) Sick sinus syndrome
C) Hyperlipidemia
D) Complete heart block
Answer: D

15) Which of the following is caused by an immune response to a bacterial streptococcal

infection?
A) Cardiac arrest
B) Rheumatic heart disease
C) Tachycardia
D) Transposition of the great vessels
Answer: B

16) A patient with congestive heart failure could be treated with two types of drugs: a diuretic
drug to remove edema from the tissues and a/an ________ drug to strengthen the heart's
contractions.
A) antibiotic
B) aspirin
C) digitalis
D) thrombolytic
Answer: C

17) The patient had an aneurysmectomy to remove an aneurysm and insert a graft to repair
a(n)________.
A) artery occluded with plaque
B) area of weakness in the wall of an artery
C) diseased heart valve
D) varicose vein
Answer: B

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18) All of the following are signs of peripheral artery disease and decreased circulation EXCEPT
________.
A) low blood pressure
B) coolness and cyanosis of the feet and toes
C) pain in the calf while walking
D) intermittent claudication
Answer: A

19) Which section of the electrical conduction system of the heart is located just after the AV
node?
A) Purkinje fibers
B) Sinoatrial node
C) Bundle of His
D) Diastole
Answer: C

20) Which arrhythmia requires the insertion of a permanent cardiac pacemaker?

A) Murmur
B) Atrial septal defect
C) Sick sinus syndrome
D) Aneurysm
Answer: C

21) Mrs. Jean Bentley came to the doctor with dilated jugular veins in the neck and edema of the
legs and feet. Her diagnosis most likely is ________.
A) hypotension
B) arrhythmia
C) myocardial infarction
D) right-sided congestive heart failure
Answer: D

22) A patient in the emergency department has an occluded coronary artery due to a thrombus.
Which type of drug can break apart this blood clot and restore circulation in the artery?
A) Lipid-lowering drug
B) Aspirin
C) Thrombolytic drug
D) Digitalis drug
Answer: C

23) Which of the following is a congenital heart condition that involves four different defects?
A) Tetralogy of Fallot
B) Coarctation of the aorta
C) Complete heart block
D) Patent ductus arteriosus
Answer: A

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24) Which test shows whether the coronary arteries are narrowed or blocked?
A) Cardiac catheterization
B) Lipid profile
C) Electrocardiography
D) Electrophysiologic study
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! Cardiac catheterization shows narrowing or blockage of coronary
arteries.
25) Telemetry involves all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A) monitoring of a patient's heart rate
B) the patient wearing electrodes in the coronary care unit
C) the nurse watching the patient's heart rhythm
D) radiopaque contrast dye to outline a blood vessel
Answer: D

26) The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and the ________.
A) lungs
B) thymus
C) vascular structures
D) skin
Answer: C

Explanation: A) The lungs are part of the respiratory system.

27) How many chambers are inside the heart?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
Answer: D

28) The mitral valve is located between the ________.

A) left atrium and the left ventricle
B) left ventricle and the aorta
C) right atrium and the right ventricle
D) right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Answer: A

29) Which layer of the heart is the muscular layer?

A) Myocardium
B) Epicardium
C) Pericardium
D) Endocardium
Answer: A

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30) The largest artery in the body is the ________.
A) coronary artery
B) aorta
C) carotid artery
D) pulmonary artery
Answer: B

31) Which chamber of the heart empties into the aorta?

A) Right atrium
B) Right ventricle
C) Left atrium
D) Left ventricle
Answer: D

32) Which type of blood vessel carries blood from the body and lungs to the heart?
A) Artery
B) Arteriole
C) Vein
D) Capillary
Answer: C

33) The abbreviation SA node stands for ________.

A) systolic node
B) sinoatrial node
C) sinus arterial node
D) systemic node
Answer: B

34) A disease condition of the heart muscle that includes heart enlargement and heart failure is
called ________.
A) angina pectoris
B) myocardial infarction
C) arrhythmia
D) cardiomyopathy
Answer: D

35) The abbreviation MI stands for ________.

A) myocardial infarction
B) myocardial ischemia
C) myocardial inflammation
D) myocardial injury
Answer: A

36) Inflammation and bacterial infection of the inner lining of a heart valve is called ________.
A) pericarditis
B) endocarditis
C) necrosis
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D) peripheral edema
Answer: B

37) Which word means "elevated blood pressure"?

A) Hypercholesterolemia
B) Hypolipidemia
C) Hypertension
D) Hypotension
Answer: C

38) Which is a sudden, severe vasoconstriction and spasm of the arterioles in the fingers and
toes, often triggered by cold or emotional upset?
A) Raynaud's phenomenon
B) Phlebitis
C) Hypotension
D) Peripheral artery disease
Answer: A

39) The abbreviation CRP stands for ________.

A) circulation regional pressure
B) C-reactive protein
C) cardiopulmonary resuscitation
D) chronic rheumatic process
Answer: B

40) The combing form tele/o-, as seen in the word telemetry, means "________."
A) distance
B) monitor
C) separate
D) close by
Answer: A

41) Which nuclear medicine procedure uses a radioactive tracer to produce an image and
calculates ejection fraction?
A) Doppler ultrasonography
B) EKG
C) Cardioversion
D) MUGA scan
Answer: D

42) Which type of ultrasonography produces images of the flow of blood in the arteries?
A) Doppler
B) Echocardiography
C) Exercise stress test
D) Myocardial perfusion scan
Answer: A

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43) Which is NOT a vital sign?
A) Temperature
B) Systolic pressure
C) Respirations
D) Heart rate
Answer: B

44) The combining form transplant/o-, as in the phrase heart transplantation, means "________."
A) create an opening between two structures
B) pertaining to
C) instrument used to measure
D) move and put in another place
Answer: D

45) What structure divides the heart into right and left sides?
A) Mitral valve
B) Chordae tendineae
C) Septum
D) Mediastinum
Answer: C

46) What are the normal, rope-like connective tissues attached to valve leaflets of the tricuspid
and mitral valves?
A) Vegetations
B) Chordae tendineae
C) Ventricles
D) Purkinje fibers
Answer: B

47) The first arteries that branch off of the aorta and bring oxygenated blood to the heart muscle
are the ________ arteries.
A) carotid
B) pulmonary
C) subclavian
D) coronary
Answer: D

48) The smallest blood vessel in the body is a ________.

A) Purkinje fiber
B) venule
C) arteriole
D) capillary
Answer: D

49) Which of the following is the area of specialized nervous tissue in the heart that is known as
the "pacemaker "?
A) Purkinje fibers
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B) Sinoatrial node
C) Atrioventricular node
D) Bundle of His
Answer: B

50) The short period of time when the myocardium is unresponsive to electrical impulses is the
________.
A) refractory period
B) repolarization
C) asystole
D) heart block
Answer: A

51) Which of the following is the name of the temporary connecting blood vessel between the
pulmonary artery and the aorta in the fetal heart?
A) Foramen ovale
B) Mediastinum
C) Ductus arteriosus
D) Popliteal artery
Answer: C

52) Mild-to-severe chest pain caused by ischemia of the myocardium is called ________.
A) cardiomegaly
B) myocardial infarction
C) bruit
D) angina pectoris
Answer: D

53) Which word means "pertaining to within the ventricle"?

A) Cardiac
B) Interventricular
C) Intraventricular
D) Interatrial
Answer: C

54) Bicuspid means "________."

A) pertaining to three valves
B) pertaining to two valves
C) resembling two projections
D) resembling two valves
Answer: C

55) Cardiomyopathy is a(n) ________.

A) inflammation of (the) heart valve
B) disease (of the) heart muscle
C) enlargement (of the) heart
D) inflammation of (the) heart
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Answer: B

56) Which membrane is next to and upon the surface of the heart?
A) Mediastinum
B) Epicardium
C) Endocardium
D) Chordae tendineae
Answer: B

57) Which structure is a double-layered membrane that secretes a slippery, watery fluid around
the heart?
A) Pericardium
B) Mediastinum
C) Endocardium
D) Myocardium
Answer: A

58) Which adjective reflects the relationship between the heart and the chest cavity?
A) Thoracic
B) Cardiothoracic
C) Cardiac
D) Mediastinal
Answer: B

59) Which word means a "central opening in a blood vessel through which blood flows"?
A) Vasculature
B) Lumen
C) Intima
D) Purkinje fiber
Answer: B

60) Vasoconstriction causes the pressure in the artery to ________.

A) increase
B) decrease
C) remain the same
D) fluctuate
Answer: A

61) The femoral artery brings oxygenated blood to the ________.

A) lower arm
B) head and neck
C) trunk of the body
D) upper leg
Answer: D

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62) Which artery is at the back of the knee?
A) Iliac
B) Renal
C) Brachial
D) Popliteal
Answer: D

63) All of the following structures are part of the electrical system of the heart EXCEPT
________.
A) SA node
B) bundle of His
C) HDL
D) AV node
Answer: C

64) The procedure to remove plaque from an occluded carotid artery is known as a carotid
________.
A) endarterectomy
B) bypass graft
C) aneurysmectomy
D) transplantation
Answer: A

65) Angina pectoris is to myocardial infarction as ________.

A) plaque is to an EKG
B) bradycardia is to cholesterol
C) varicose veins are to CABG
D) ischemia is to cell death
Answer: D

66) Inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart is known as ________.

A) valvulitis
B) pericarditis
C) mitral stenosis
D) phlebitis
Answer: B

67) The P wave and QRS complex are related to ________.

A) the circulation of the blood
B) the diastolic pressure
C) an electrocardiogram
D) an aneurysm
Answer: C

68) The cause of essential hypertension is ________.

A) unknown
B) mitral stenosis
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C) congestive heart failure
D) palpitation
Answer: A

69) An aneurysm is ________.

A) an embolus circulating in the vasculature
B) area of dilation and weakness of the artery wall
C) an abnormally slow heart rate
D) the medical name for "bad cholesterol"
Answer: B

70) All of the following are signs of congestive heart failure involving the right side of the heart
EXCEPT ________.
A) dilated jugular veins in the neck
B) varicose veins
C) enlargement of the liver
D) edema in the legs and feet
Answer: B

71) Auscultation of the heart is done at the PMI. Where is this located?
A) Apex of the heart
B) Myocardium
C) Sinoatrial node
D) Great vessels
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! The apex of the heart is where the point of maximum impulse (PMI) is
and where the heart sounds are heard most distinctly.
B) This is not the location of the point of maximum impulse (PMI).
C) This is not the location of the point of maximum impulse (PMI).
D) This is not the location of the point of maximum impulse (PMI).
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

72) The purpose of the coronary arteries is to bring oxygenated blood to the ________.
A) aorta
B) myocardium
C) lungs
D) mediastinum
Answer: B

73) Which artery brings oxygenated blood to the neck, face, head, and brain?
A) Jugular
B) Coronary
C) Carotid
D) Pulmonary
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Answer: C

74) All of the following arteries carry oxygenated blood to some part of the arm EXCEPT the
________ artery.
A) peroneal
B) axillary
C) radial
D) brachial
Answer: A

75) In the pelvic cavity, the abdominal aorta divides into the two ________.
A) carotid arteries
B) peroneal arteries
C) brachial arteries
D) iliac arteries
Answer: D

76) Systemic circulation refers to the flow of blood in the ________.

A) body
B) heart
C) lungs
D) brain
Answer: A

77) The literal definition of the word cardiomegaly is "________."

A) heart attack
B) enlargement (of the) heart
C) irregular beat (of the) heart
D) heart failure
Answer: B

78) Plaque on the arterial walls is characteristic of ________.

A) varicose veins
B) atherosclerosis
C) hypertension
D) congestive heart failure
Answer: B

79) Which of the following abbreviations is commonly called "good cholesterol"?

A) HDL
B) CHF
C) LDL
D) ASCVD
Answer: A

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80) Using high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the heart is known as ________.
A) electrocardiography
B) auscultation
C) Holter monitoring
D) echocardiography
Answer: D

81) The combining form ven/o- has the same meaning as the combining form ________.
A) phleb/o-
B) cardi/o-
C) arteri/o-
D) valvul/o-
Answer: A

82) In the word arteriosclerosis, the combining form scler/o- means "________; sclera of the
eye."
A) heart chamber
B) narrowness
C) hard
D) artery
Answer: C

83) All of the following combining forms mean "blood vessel" EXCEPT ________.
A) vas/o-
B) angi/o-
C) vascul/o-
D) ather/o-
Answer: D

84) Which word is MISSPELLED?

A) Hypertriglyceridemia
B) Arhythmia
C) Aneurysmectomy
D) Sphygmomanometer
Answer: B

85) All of the following abbreviations refer to diseases of the blood vessels EXCEPT ________.
A) PVD
B) CAD
C) HTN
D) ECG
Answer: D

86) The abbreviation for which surgery is pronounced as "cabbage"?

A) Coronary artery bypass graft
B) Heart transplantation
C) Cardiac exercise stress test
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D) Anastomosis
Answer: A

87) The combining form cardi/o- means "________."

A) blood
B) chest
C) heart
D) blood vessel
Answer: C

88) The combining form diastol/o- means "________."

A) resting
B) contracting
C) dilating
D) distance
Answer: C

89) The combining form sin/o- means "________."

A) channel; hollow cavity
B) disease
C) abnormal; difficult; painful
D) sign; symptom
Answer: A

90) The combining form atri/o- means "________; atrium."

A) conduction system
B) fluid-filled sac
C) chamber that is open at the top
D) chamber that is filled
Answer: C

91) The combining form isch/o-, as seen in the word ischemia, means "________."
A) hard
B) contracting
C) block; keep back
D) soft, fatty substance
Answer: C

92) The combining form infarct/o-, as seen in the phrase myocardial infarction, means
"________."
A) small area of dead tissue
B) structure that encircles like a crown
C) heart disease
D) heart attack
Answer: A

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93) The combining form arteri/o- means "________."
A) aorta
B) arteriole
C) blood vessel
D) artery
Answer: D

94) The combining form ather/o-, as seen in means "________."

A) cholesterol
B) hard
C) blood vessel
D) soft, fatty substance
Answer: D

95) The combining form tens/o-, as seen in hypertension, means "________; tension."
A) constriction
B) pressure
C) pulse
D) blood pressure
Answer: B

96) The combining form claudicat/o-, as seen in intermittent claudication, means "________."
A) narrowed lumen
B) congested
C) outer aspects
D) limping pain
Answer: D

97) The combining form peripher/o- means "________."

A) heart and great vessels
B) outer aspects
C) structure that encircles like a crown
D) vein
Answer: B

98) In the medical word stethoscope, the combining form means "________."
A) chest
B) instrument used to examine
C) listening
D) echo of a sound wave
Answer: A

99) In the medical phrase ventricular fibrillation, the combining form fibrill/o- means
"________.
A) electricity"
B) spasm
C) arrhythmia
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D) muscle fiber; nerve fiber
Answer: D

100) The combining form angi/o- means "________."

A) artery; arteriole
B) aneurysm
C) blood vessel; lymphatic vessel
D) murmur
Answer: C

101) The combining form atri/o- means "atrium; ________."

A) artery
B) heart chamber
C) entrance to the heart
D) chamber that is open at the top
Answer: D

102) The combining form card/i- ________.

A) means the same thing as cardi/o-
B) refers to only the right side of the heart
C) is only be used when referring to diseases of the heart
D) is a misspelling of cardi/o-
Answer: A

103) The combining form circulat/o-, as seen in circulation, means "________."

A) circle
B) moving in a circular route
C) going around
D) structure that encircles like a crown
Answer: B

104) The combining form coron/o-, as seen in coronary artery, means "________."
A) artery to the heart
B) heart
C) moving in a circular route
D) structure that encircles like a crown
Answer: D

105) The combining form cusp/o- means "________."

A) gate; opening
B) heart valve
C) intima
D) point; projection
Answer: D

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106) The combining form my/o- means "________."
A) disease
B) heart
C) heart muscle
D) muscle
Answer: D

107) The combining form rrhythm/o- means "________."

A) electricity
B) regular in occurrence
C) rhythm
D) heartbeat
Answer: C

108) The combining form sphygm/o-, as seen in sphygmomanometer, means "________."

A) blood vessel
B) instrument used to measure
C) "pressure
D) pulse
Answer: D

109) The combining form systol/o- means "________."

A) contracting
B) dilating
C) thinning
D) widening
Answer: A

110) Which of the following is NOT categorized as a blood vessel?

A) Artery
B) Capillary
C) Endothelium
D) Vein
Answer: C

111) The heart is a(n)________ organ that contracts at least once every second to pump blood
through the body.
A) endocrine
B) lymphatic
C) muscular
D) pulmonary
Answer: C

112) The heart has an extensive ________ system that initiates and coordinates contractions.
A) electrical
B) filtration
C) muscular
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D) vascular
Answer: A

113) The heart contains four chambers; the upper two are called the ________.
A) apex
B) ventricles
C) septum
D) atria
Answer: D

114) Which of the following is NOT one of the four valves in the heart?
A) Coronary
B) Mitral
C) Pulmonary
D) Tricuspid
Answer: A

115) The ________ valve is located between the left ventricle and the aorta.
A) aortic
B) mitral
C) pulmonary
D) tricuspid
Answer: A

116) The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and the ________, an irregularly shaped, central area
between the lungs.
A) bundle of His
B) diaphragm
C) pulmonary trunk
D) mediastinum
Answer: D

117) Blood vessels have a small, central opening or ________ through which the blood flows.
A) capillary
B) endothelium
C) lumen
D) valve
Answer: C

118) Of the following, which is the largest blood vessel?

A) Artery
B) Capillary
C) Venule
D) Valve
Answer: A

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119) The smaller branches of an artery are called ________.
A) arterioles
B) capillaries
C) intima
D) venules
Answer: A
120) Women may experience angina pectoris as ________.
A) indigestion or nausea
B) jaw pain
C) pain in the left arm
D) neck pain
Answer: A

121) The ________ artery brings oxygenated blood to the shoulder and goes underneath the
clavicle.
A) axillary
B) brachial
C) carotid
D) subclavian
Answer: D

122) The ________ artery divides into the brachial artery, and then further branches into the
radial artery and ulnar artery that bring oxygenated blood to the upper and lower arm.
A) axillary
B) carotid
C) popliteal
D) subclavian
Answer: A

123) After the thoracic aorta goes through the diaphragm, it becomes the ________ aorta.
A) abdominal
B) iliac
C) pelvic
D) renal
Answer: A

124) A sudden, temporary, but self-correcting decrease in the systolic blood pressure that occurs
when the patient goes from a lying to a standing position is called ________.

Answer: C

125) The ________ artery brings oxygenated blood to the upper leg.
A) femoral
B) pelvic
C) popliteal
D) renal
Answer: A
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126) All of the following occur in the legs EXCEPT ________.
Answer: C

127) The two major veins of the body are the superior and inferior ________.

Answer: D
128) The ________ node of the heart initiates the electrical impulse that begins each heartbeat.
Answer: D

129) After the AV node, an electrical impulse travels through the ________.
Answer: B

130) The pulmonary circulation contains the arteries, capillaries, and veins that go in and out of
the ________.
Answer: D

131) The combining form ________ means "structure like a tall hat with two points."
Answer: D

132) The outer wall of the pericardial sac is the ________ pericardium.
Answer: C

133) The brachial artery supplies blood to the ________.

Answer: A

134) The combining form carot/o-, as seen in carotid artery, means "________."
Answer: D

135) By the definition of the combining form, we can tell that endothelium is a ________.
Answer: B

136) A pacemaker is implanted in the chest to treat a patient with ________.

Answer: A

137) A myocardial infarction is ________.

Answer: A

138) Endocarditis is inflammation and ________ infection of the endocardium lining a heart
valve.
Answer: B

139) In a patient who has pericarditis, the inflammation occurs in the sac ________ the heart.
Answer: A

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140) During a cardiac catheterization, the doctor notes that one of the coronary arteries has
stenosis, or a "condition (of) ________."

Answer: B

141) In mitral regurgitation, the blood flows ________.

Answer: B

142) ________ is an arrhythmia in which there is a very fast but regular rhythm (250 beats per
minute) of the atria or ventricles.
Answer: C

143) If an EKG tracing shows bigeminy, there was a repeating pattern of ________.
Answer: C

144) A beat that originates from an ectopic site occurs ________.

Answer: A

145) A patient diagnosed with arteriosclerosis has an abnormal condition in which the ________.
Answer: A

146) An atheroma is a ________.

Answer: C

147) A/An ________ is a harsh, rushing sound made by blood passing through an artery
narrowed and roughened by atherosclerosis.
Answer: B

148) A patient with hypertension has a "condition (of) more than normal ________."
Answer: D

149) A patient with phlebitis has ________.

Answer: D

150) The literal definition of the word electrocardiography is "________."

A) a picture or record (of the) electricity (of the) heart
B) an instrument used to examine (the) electricity (of the) heart
C) a person who does (an) electrical (tracing of the) heart
D) the process of recording (the) electricity (of the) heart
Answer: D

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151) The combining form tele/o-, as found in the word telemetry, means "________."
A) measure
B) distance
C) monitor
D) recording
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Tele/o- does not mean "measure."
B) Correct! Tele/o- means "distance."
C) There are no medical word parts that mean "monitor."
D) Tele/o- does not mean "recording."
Page Ref: 268
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

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152) An angiogram is a/an ________.
A) instrument used to examine an artery
B) process of measuring a blood vessel
C) picture of a blood vessel
D) process of recording an artery
Answer: C
Explanation: A) The suffix -gram does not mean "instrument used to examine."
B) The suffix -gram does not mean "process of measuring."
C) Correct! An angiogram is a picture of a blood vessel.
D) The suffix -gram does not mean "process of recording."
Page Ref: 269
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

153) In the medical procedure cardioversion, the combining form vers/o- means "________."
A) measure
B) direct; place
C) halt; stop
D) travel; turn
Answer: D
Explanation: A) Vers/o- does not mean "measure."
B) There are no word parts that mean "direct."
C) There are no word parts that mean "halt."
D) Correct! Vers/o- means "travel; turn."
Page Ref: 273
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

154) The literal definition of the word ________ is "instrument used to measure (the pressure of
the) pulse (by using a) thin (inflatable cuff)."
A) arteriosclerosis
B) electrophysiology
C) sphygmomanometer
D) stethoscope
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Arteriosclerosis is not an instrument.
B) Electrophysiology uses electricity, not a thin, inflatable cuff.
C) Correct! A sphygmomanometer is an instrument to measure pulse using a cuff.
D) Stethoscope is an instrument, but it does not have a thin, inflatable cuff.
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

23
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155) Because of the meaning of the suffix, a patient scheduled for an aneurysmectomy is going
to have a ________.
A) procedure to puncture the aneurysm"
B) process of measuring the aneurysm
C) surgical removal of an aneurysm
D) surgically created opening in an aneurysm
Answer: C
Explanation: A) The suffix -ectomy does not mean "procedure to puncture."
B) The suffix -ectomy does not mean "process of measuring."
C) Correct! Aneurysmectomy is surgical removal of an aneurysm.
D) The suffix -ectomy does not mean "surgically created opening."
Page Ref: 276
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

156) To correct a cardiac tamponade and withdraw accumulated fluid, a pericardiocentesis will
be performed. This is a(n) ________.
A) instrument used to cut the heart muscle
B) procedure to puncture the membrane around the heart
C) process of reshaping by surgery around the heart
D) surgical removal of the membrane around heart
Answer: B
Explanation: A) The suffix -centesis does not mean "instrument used to cut."
B) Correct! Pericardiocentesis punctures the membrane around the heart.
C) The suffix -centesis does not mean "process of reshaping by surgery."
D) The suffix -centesis does not mean "surgical removal."
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

157) From the meaning of the suffix, we can tell that a valvulotome would be an instrument used
to ________ a valve.
A) cut
B) puncture
C) reshape by surgery
D) remove
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! The suffix -tome means "instrument used to cut."
B) The suffix -tome does not mean "puncture."
C) The suffix -tome does not mean "reshape by surgery."
D) The suffix -tome does not mean "remove."
Page Ref: 279
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures
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158) A paramedic notifies the hospital that the ambulance is bringing in a patient with a
suspected MI. This means the patient may have had a heart ________.
A) infection
B) arrhythmia
C) attack
D) murmur
Answer: C
Explanation: A) MI stands for "myocardial infarction," not "infection."
B) MI stands for "myocardial infarction," not "arrhythmia."
C) Correct! MI stands for myocardial infarction, which is a heart attack.
D) MI stands for "myocardial infarction," not "murmur."
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

159) After looking at a patient's heart monitor, the healthcare professional notes that the patient
is in NSR, which refers to ________.
A) dilation of the blood vessels
B) function of the valves
C) a blockage of the arteries
D) the rhythm of the heart
Answer: D
Explanation: A) NSR (normal sinus rhythm) is not related to the blood vessels.
B) NSR (normal sinus rhythm) is not related to the valves.
C) NSR (normal sinus rhythm) is not related to the arteries.
D) Correct! NSR stands for "normal sinus rhythm."
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Physiology

25
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160) Robert Jay is scheduled to have a TEE. The healthcare professional will tell the patient that
the catheter will be inserted into his ________.
A) aorta
B) esophagus
C) heart
D) thoracic cavity
Answer: B
Explanation: A) TEE stands for "transesophageal echocardiography."
B) Correct! TEE stands for "transesophageal echocardiography."
C) TEE stands for "transesophageal echocardiography."
D) TEE stands for "transesophageal echocardiography."
Page Ref: 270
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

161) A patient in V FIB ________.

A) is having a heart attack
B) has a murmur and a valve defect
C) has a life-threatening arrhythmia
D) has a bulging aneurysm of a vein
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Ventricular fibrillation (V FIB) is not related to a heart attack.
B) Ventricular fibrillation (V FIB) is not related to a valve defect.
C) Correct! V FIB stands for ventricular fibrillation.
D) Ventricular fibrillation (V FIB) is not related to an aneurysm.
Page Ref: 273
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diseases

162) To prevent a blood clot from forming, a physician would prescribe a(n)________.
A) antihypertensive drug
B) anticoagulant drug
C) digitalis drug
D) thrombolytic drug
Answer: B
Explanation: A) An antihypertensive drug is used to treat hypertension, not a blood clot.
B) Correct! An anticoagulant prevents a clot from forming.
C) A digitalis drug is used to treat congestive heart failure, not a blood clot.
D) A thrombolytic drug is used to break up a clot only after it has formed.
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

26
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
163) A digitalis drug such as digoxin strengthens the heart's contractions and is prescribed to
treat ________.
A) congestive heart failure
B) cardiac arrest
C) high cholesterol
D) blood clot
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! Digitalis is prescribed for CHF.
B) A digitalis drug is not used to treat cardiac arrest.
C) A digitalis drug is not used to treat a high cholesterol level.
D) A digitalis drug is not used to treat a blood clot.
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

164) The abbreviation for blood pressure is ________.

A) mm Hg
B) BP
C) HTN
D) BPM
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This is the measurement unit, not the abbreviation for blood pressure.
B) Correct! BP is the abbreviation for blood pressure.
C) This is the abbreviation for hypertension.
D) This is the abbreviation for beats per minute.
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

165) All of the following are cardiovascular surgeries EXCEPT ________.

A) PTCA
B) CABG
C) RFA
D) CPR
Answer: D
Explanation: A) PTCA stands for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, a surgery.
B) CABG stands for coronary artery bypass graft, a surgery.
C) RFA stands for radiofrequency ablation, a surgery.
D) Correct! Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a medical procedure.
Page Ref: 273
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

27
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166) All of the following would be part of a lipid profile blood test EXCEPT ________.
A) VLDL
B) CK-MB
C) HDL
D) LDL
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) is part of a lipid profile.
B) Correct! This is an enzyme that is in the heart muscle.
C) High-density lipoproteins (HDL) is part of a lipid profile.
D) Low-density lipoproteins (LDL) is part of a lipid profile.
Page Ref: 265
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

167) Which syllable is the primary accented syllable in the pronunciation of the medical word
angioplasty (an-jee-oh-plas-tee)?
A) an
B) jee
C) plas
D) tee
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! AN is the primary accented syllable.
B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
C) This is not the primary accented syllable.
D) This is not the primary accented syllable.
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

168) Which syllable is the primary accented syllable in the pronunciation of the medical word
cardiomegaly (kar-dee-oh-meg-ah-lee)?
A) kar
B) dee
C) meg
D) lee
Answer: C
Explanation: A) This is not the primary accented syllable.
B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
C) Correct! MEG is the primary accented syllable.
D) This is not the primary accented syllable.
Page Ref: 253
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

28
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169) Which of the following words is MISSPELLED?
A) Aneurysm
B) Atrioventricular
C) Peroneal artery
D) Rhuematic heart disease
Answer: D
Explanation: A) This is spelled correctly.
B) This is spelled correctly.
C) This is spelled correctly.
D) Correct! It should be rheumatic.
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

170) Which of the following words is MISSPELLED?

A) Arhythmia
B) Asystole
C) Arteriosclerosis
D) Phlebitis
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! It should be arrhythmia.
B) This is spelled correctly.
C) This is spelled correctly.
D) This is spelled correctly.
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

171) Which word parts do you need to build a medical word that means "inflammation of a
vein"?
A) -ous, ven/o-
B) -ose, varic/o-
C) -itis, phleb/o-
D) -oma, ather/o-
Answer: C
Explanation: A) These word parts build the medical word venous.
B) These word parts build the medical word varicose.
C) Correct! These word parts build the medical word phlebitis.
D) These word parts build the medical word atheroma.
Page Ref: 260
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

29
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172) The flow of blood through the heart is controlled by ________.
A) valves
B) the SA node
C) the bundle of His
D) the ventricles
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! Valves control the flow of blood through the heart.
B) The SA node does not control blood flow.
C) The bundle of His does not control blood flow.
D) The ventricles do not control blood flow.
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

173) Concerning the abbreviations ECG and EKG, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Both abbreviations ECG and EKG stand for echocardiogram.
B) Both abbreviations ECG and EKG stand for electrocardiography.
C) The abbreviation ECG stands for echocardiogram and the abbreviation EKG stands for
electrocardiography.
D) The abbreviation ECG stands for electrocardiography and the abbreviation EKG stands for
echocardiogram.
Answer: B
Explanation: A) ECG and EKG both stand for electrocardiography.
B) Correct! ECG and EKG both stand for electrocardiography.
C) ECG and EKG both stand for electrocardiography.
D) ECG and EKG both stand for electrocardiography.
Page Ref: 267
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

174) All ________ carry blood away from the heart.

A) valves
B) veins
C) arteries
D) capillaries
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Valves do not carry blood.
B) All veins carry blood to the heart.
C) Correct! All arteries carry blood away from the heart.
D) Capillaries connect arteries and veins.
Page Ref: 235
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

30
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175) What is the name of the only artery that does NOT carry bright red, oxygenated blood?
A) Brachial artery
B) Aorta
C) Pulmonary artery
D) Coronary artery
Answer: C
Explanation: A) The brachial artery carries bright red, oxygenated blood to the arm.
B) The aorta carries bright red, oxygenated blood.
C) Correct! The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs.
D) The coronary arteries carry bright red, oxygenated blood.
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

176) The artery in the upper leg is known as the ________ artery.
A) femoral
B) brachial
C) tibial
D) pulmonary
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! The femoral artery is in the upper leg.
B) The brachial artery is in the upper arm.
C) The tibial artery is in the lower leg.
D) The pulmonary arteries are in the lungs.
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

177) The contraction of the heart is known as ________.

A) diastole
B) myocardium
C) systole
D) pericardium
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Diastole is not a heart contraction.
B) The myocardium is the heart muscle.
C) Correct! Contraction is systole.
D) The pericardium is a membrane sac around the heart.
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

31
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178) Cardiac enzymes are released from the heart into the blood when ________.
A) there is an arrhythmia
B) myocardial cells die
C) the heart is pumping too hard
D) the heart valves have murmurs
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Cardiac enzymes are not released during an arrhythmia.
B) Correct! Cardiac enzymes are released when myocardial cells die.
C) Cardiac enzymes are not released because the heart is pumping too hard.
D) Cardiac enzymes are not released due to murmurs.
Page Ref: 265
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

179) All of the following are types of arrhythmias EXCEPT ________.

A) bradycardia
B) aneurysm
C) fibrillation
D) bigeminy
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This is an arrhythmia.
B) Correct! Aneurysm is bulging and weakness of the artery wall.
C) This is an arrhythmia.
D) This is an arrhythmia.
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

180) In left-sided congestive heart failure, fluid from the blood backs up into the ________.
A) neck and legs
B) abdominal cavity
C) lungs
D) myocardium
Answer: C
Explanation: A) This describes right-sided congestive heart failure.
B) Congestive heart failure does not cause fluid backup in the abdominal cavity.
C) Correct! In left-sided failure, fluid backs up into the lungs.
D) Congestive heart failure does not cause fluid backup in the myocardium.
Page Ref: 254
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

32
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181) ________ is the sound of blood flowing backward because of a defective heart valve.
A) Vegetation
B) Stenosis
C) Arrhythmia
D) Murmur
Answer: D
Explanation: A) Vegetation is a structure, not a sound.
B) Stenosis is a narrowing, not a sound.
C) Arrhythmia is not a sound.
D) Correct! Murmur occurs when blood flows backward.
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

182) In what procedure is a balloon inflated within an artery to compress atheromatous plaque?
A) valvuloplasty
B) sonography
C) electrocardiography
D) angioplasty
Answer: D
Explanation: A) Valvuloplasty does not use a balloon in an artery.
B) Sonography uses sound waves, not a balloon.
C) Electrocardiography uses electricity, not a balloon.
D) Correct! Angioplasty involves inflation of a balloon to compress plaque.
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

183) A pacemaker controls the ________.

A) heart's rate and rhythm
B) heart's valves
C) blood flow of the heart
D) dilation of arteries and veins
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! A pacemaker controls heart rate and rhythm.
B) The pacemaker does not control the valves.
C) The pacemaker does not control the blood flow.
D) The pacemaker does not control this.
Page Ref: 277
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

33
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184) All blood vessels are lined with ________, a smooth inner layer that promotes the flow of
blood.
A) vasculature
B) pericardium
C) endothelium
D) Purkinje fibers
Answer: C
Explanation: A) Vasculature is a network of blood vessels.
B) The pericardium is a membrane around the heart.
C) Correct! Endothelium lines all vessels.
D) Purkinje fibers are in the conduction system of the heart.
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

185) Which of the following combining forms does NOT mean "blood vessel"?
A) vas/o-
B) phleb/o-
C) angi/o-
D) vascul/o-
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This does mean "blood vessel."
B) Correct! Phleb/o- means "vein."
C) This does mean "blood vessel."
D) This does mean "blood vessel."
Page Ref: 239
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

186) Which of these word part pairs does NOT have an opposite meaning?
A) epi-, sub-
B) endo-, peri-
C) constrict/o-, dilat/o-
D) brady-, tachy-
Answer: B
Explanation: A) Epi- means "above; upon" and sub- means "below; underneath"—opposites.
B) Correct! Endo- means "innermost, within," and peri- means "around"; they are not opposites.
C) Constrict/o- means "drawn together; narrowed" and dilat/o- means "dilate; widen"—
opposites.
D) Brady- means "slow" and tachy- means "fast"—opposites.
Page Ref: 231, 232
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Anatomy

34
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
187) Which of the following words show an opposite action?
A) conduction, contraction
B) circulation, defibrillation
C) regurgitation, systole
D) vasoconstriction, vasodilation
Answer: D
Explanation: A) These do not show an opposite action.
B) These do not show an opposite action.
C) These do not show an opposite action.
D) Correct! Vasoconstriction and vasodilation are opposites.
Page Ref: 235
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Anatomy

188) Which of the following phrases is MISSPELLED?

A) Perineal artery
B) Saphenous vein
C) Ectopic site
D) Purkinje fibers
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! It should be peroneal artery.
B) This is the correct spelling.
C) This is the correct spelling.
D) This is the correct spelling.
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

189) Which is the primary accented syllable in the word vasculature (vas-kyoo-lah-chur)?
A) vas
B) kyoo
C) lah
D) chur
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! VAS is the primary accented syllable.
B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
C) This is not the primary accented syllable.
D) This is not the primary accented syllable.
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

35
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
190) Which is the primary accented syllable in the word angiogram (an-jee-oh-gram)?
A) an
B) jee
C) oh
D) gram
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! AN is the primary accented syllable.
B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
C) This is not the primary accented syllable.
D) This is not the primary accented syllable.
Page Ref: 269
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

191) Which is the primary accented syllable in the word diastolic (dy-ah-staw-lik)?
A) dy
B) ah
C) staw
D) lik
Answer: C
Explanation: A) This is not the primary accented syllable.
B) This is not the primary accented syllable.
C) Correct! STAW is the primary accented syllable.
D) This is not the primary accented syllable.
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

192) The word anticoagulant divides into what word parts?

A) an- and tico/a- and gul/o- and -ant
B) anti- and coagul/o- and -ant
C) anticoagul/o- and -ant
D) an- and ticoagul/o and -ant
Answer: B
Explanation: A) These are not the word parts.
B) Correct! These are the word parts for anticoagulant.
C) These are not the word parts.
D) These are not the word parts.
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

36
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
193) The word cardiothoracic contains what word parts?
A) Two combining forms and a suffix
B) Three combining forms and a suffix
C) A prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
D) A prefix and two suffixes
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! Cardi/o-, thorac/o- and -ic.
B) It does not contain three combining forms.
C) It does not contain a prefix.
D) It does not contain a prefix and two suffixes.
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

194) The word subclavian contains what word parts?

A) Two combining forms and a suffix
B) Three combining forms and a suffix
C) A prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
D) A prefix and two suffixes
Answer: C
Explanation: A) It does not contain two combining forms.
B) It does not contain three combining forms.
C) Correct! Sub-, clav/o-, and -ian.
D) It does not contain a prefix and two suffixes.
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

195) The word endarterectomy contains what word parts?

A) Two combining forms and a suffix
B) Three combining forms and a suffix
C) A prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
D) A prefix and two suffixes
Answer: C
Explanation: A) It does not contain two combining forms.
B) It does not contain three combining forms.
C) Correct! Endo-, arter/o-, and -ectomy.
D) It does not contain a prefix and two suffixes.
Page Ref: 277
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

37
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
196) The word electrocardiography contains what word parts?
A) Two combining forms and a suffix
B) Three combining forms and a suffix
C) A prefix, a combining form, and a suffix
D) A prefix and two suffixes
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! Electro/o-, cardi/o-, and -graphy.
B) It does not contain three combining forms.
C) It does not contain a prefix.
D) It does not contain a prefix.
Page Ref: 267
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

197) In the medical word thrombophlebitis, the word part that means "blood clot" is ________.
A) throm/o-
B) thromb/o-
C) phleb/o-
D) -itis
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This is not a combining form.
B) Correct! Thromb/o- means "blood clot."
C) Phleb/o- means "vein."
D) The suffix -itis means "infection of; inflammation of."
Page Ref: 260
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

198) Which word parts do you need to build a drug word that means "pertaining to blood clot
breakdown"?
A) cardi/o-, constrict/o-, -ion
B) anti-, angi/o-, -al
C) peri-, cardi/o-, -centesis
D) thromb/o-, lyt/o-, -ic
Answer: D
Explanation: A) These word parts do not mean that.
B) These word parts do not mean that.
C) These word parts do not mean that.
D) Correct! A thrombolytic breaks down clots.
Page Ref: 276
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

38
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
199) When you build a medical word that means "process of recording higher sound," you would
use all of the following word parts EXCEPT ________.
A) -graphy
B) hyper-
C) son/o-
D) ultra-
Answer: B
Explanation: A) The suffix -graphy means "process of recording."
B) Correct! Ultrasonography means "process of recording higher sound."
C) The combining form son/o- means "sound."
D) The prefix ultra- means "beyond; higher."
Page Ref: 269
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

200) All of the following are TRUE about varicose veins EXCEPT ________.
A) there is a family tendency to develop them
B) they can be treated surgically with an aneurysmectomy
C) they can occur during pregnancy
D) they can occur because of long periods of sitting or standing
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This is a true statement.
B) Correct! They are treated medically with sclerotherapy.
C) This is a true statement.
D) This is a true statement.
Page Ref: 260
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

201) Valves are located in which of the following?

A) Heart and veins
B) Heart and arteries
C) Arteries and veins
D) Veins and capillaries
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! The heart and the veins contain valves.
B) Valves are not located in arteries.
C) Valves are not located in arteries.
D) Valves are not located in capillaries.
Page Ref: 233, 239
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

39
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
202) All of the following are used to treat an aneurysm, EXCEPT ________.
A) aneurysmectomy
B) cardiopulmonary bypass
C) placing a metal clip on the neck of the aneurysm
D) replacing the aneurysm with a synthetic graft
Answer: B
Explanation: A) This is done to correct an aneurysm.
B) Correct! This takes over the function of the heart and lungs, but does not correct an aneurysm.
C) This is done to correct an aneurysm.
D) This is done to correct an aneurysm.
Page Ref: 276
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

203) Severe arteriosclerosis that blocks the carotid artery can cause ________.
A) stroke
B) coronary artery disease
C) kidney failure
D) heart attack
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Correct! Stroke occurs when arteriosclerosis blocks the carotid artery.
B) This is arteriosclerosis of the coronary artery.
C) The renal arteries supply blood to the kidneys.
D) Arteriosclerosis in the coronary artery can cause a heart attack.
Page Ref: 257
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

204) A PTCA or a CABG are both abbreviations for surgical procedures that are used to treat
________.
A) varicose veins
B) coronary artery disease
C) hypertension
D) arrhythmia
Answer: B
Explanation: A) These are not used to treat varicose veins.
B) Correct! Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and coronary artery bypass
grafting (CABG) are used to treat coronary artery disease.
C) Hypertension is treated with drugs, not surgery.
D) These are not used to treat an arrhythmia.
Page Ref: 277. 278
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

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205) All of the following are used to treat an arrhythmia EXCEPT ________.
A) insertion of a pacemaker
B) giving an antiarrhythmic drug
C) performing cardioversion
D) performing an electrocardiogram
Answer: D
Explanation: A) This is used to treat an arrhythmia.
B) This is used to treat an arrhythmia.
C) This is used to treat an arrhythmia.
D) Correct! This is used to diagnose an arrhythmia, not treat one.
Page Ref: 273, 275, 277
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

5.2 Short Answer Questions

1) Enlargement of the heart is known as ________.

Answer: cardiomegaly
Page Ref: 253
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

2) The ________ arteries supply blood to the myocardium.

Answer: coronary
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

3) Complete absence of a heartbeat is called ________ or cardiac arrest.

Answer: asystole
Page Ref: 262
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

4) A ________ monitor is a type of portable device used to assess heart rate and rhythm on a 24-
hour basis as an outpatient.
Answer: Holter
Page Ref: 267
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

41
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5) In coronary artery bypass grafting, the ________ vein from the leg is harvested to be used as a
bypass graft.
Answer: saphenous
Page Ref: 277
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

6) The abbreviation ASCVD stands for ________ cardiovascular disease.

Answer: arteriosclerotic
Page Ref: 257
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

7) The ________ arteries carry blood to the neck, face, head, and brain.
Answer: carotid
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

8) Structures that control the flow of blood between the atria and the ventricles are called the
heart ________.
Answer: valves
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

9) ________ is the process of listening to heart sounds with a stethoscope.

Answer: Auscultation
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

10) Bifurcation refers to the area where the ________ aorta splits in two to form the right and left
iliac arteries.
Answer: abdominal
Page Ref: 237
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

42
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11) The sinoatrial (SA) node is also known as the ________ of the heart.
Answer: pacemaker
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

12) A person who has rheumatic heart disease is given a prophylactic antibiotic drug before
having any ________ or surgical procedure.
Answer: dental
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

13) ________ is an arrhythmia in which the heart beats too slowly.

Answer: Bradycardia
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

14) A ________ contraction is an arrhythmia in which there are one or more extra contractions
between systole and diastole.
Answer: premature
Page Ref: 262
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

15) An area of dilation and weakness in the wall of an artery is called a(n) ________.
Answer: aneurysm
Page Ref: 256
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

16) Rheumatic heart disease is an ________ response to an untreated streptococcal infection,

such as a strep throat.
Answer: autoimmune
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

43
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17) The ________ valve is located between the right atrium and the right ventricle.
Answer: tricuspid
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

18) The ________ valve is located between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
Answer: mitral
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

19) The ________ is the muscular layer of the heart.

Answer: myocardium
Page Ref: 232
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

20) The thoracic cavity contains the lungs and the ________, an irregularly shaped, central area
between the lungs.
Answer: mediastinum
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

21) The smaller branches of an artery are known as ________.

Answer: arterioles
Page Ref: 235
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

22) All arteries have smooth muscle in their walls. When this smooth muscle contracts, the
lumen of the artery decreases in size. This process is called ________.
Answer: vasoconstriction
Page Ref: 235
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

44
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23) Myocardial ________ is the medical phrase that means heart attack.
Answer: infarction
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

24) ________ is the study of the heart and related structures.

Answer: Cardiology
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

25) Tachycardia is the opposite of ________.

Answer: bradycardia
Page Ref: 262
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

26) The patient had surgery to remove a weakness in the wall of an artery. This surgery is known
as a(n) ________.
Answer: aneurysmectomy
Page Ref: 276
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

27) The combining form auscult/o- means "________."

Answer: listening
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

28) The combining form cardi/o- means "________."

Answer: heart
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

45
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29) The combining form diastol/o- means "________."
Answer: dilating
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

30) The combining form lipid/o- means "________; lipid."

Answer: fat
Page Ref: 258
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

31) The combining form my/o- means "________."

Answer: muscle
Page Ref: 232
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

32) The combining form phleb/o- means "________."

Answer: vein
Page Ref: 239
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

33) The combining form rrhythm/o- means "________."

Answer: rhythm
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

34) The combining form sphygm/o- means "________."

Answer: pulse
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic
Procedures

46
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35) The combining form steth/o- means "________."
Answer: chest
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

36) The combining form systol/o- means "________."

Answer: contracting
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

37) The combining form valv/o- means "________."

Answer: valve
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

38) The combining form vascul/o- means ________.

Answer: blood vessel
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

39) The ________ valve is located between the right ventricle and pulmonary trunk.
Answer: pulmonary
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

40) A cardiac exercise stress test is also known as a(n) ________ exercise stress test when the
patient walks on a motorized moving walkway.
Answer: treadmill
Page Ref: 266
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

47
Copyright © 2020 Pearson Education, Inc.
41) The myocardium is thickest around the ________ ventricle because it must work the hardest
to pump blood to the entire body.
Answer: left
Page Ref: 232
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

42) The word ________ refers to the blood vessels associated with a particular organ.
Answer: vasculature
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

43) ________ are the smallest blood vessels in the body.

Answer: Capillaries
Page Ref: 239
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

44) The ________ is the largest artery in the body. It receives blood from the left ventricle of the
heart.
Answer: aorta
Page Ref: 237
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

45) In the pelvic cavity, the abdominal aorta ends as it splits in two (bifurcation) to form the right
and left ________ arteries.
Answer: iliac
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

46) Near the knee joint, the femoral artery becomes the ________ artery.
Answer: popliteal
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

48
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47) The ________ circulation includes the arteries, capillaries, and veins everywhere in the body,
except the lungs.
Answer: systemic
Page Ref: 240
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

48) An infarcted area of the myocardium has dead tissue, which is called ________.
Answer: necrosis
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

49) The prefix a- has two meanings, but in the word arrhythmia the most accurate meaning of a-
is ________.
Answer: without
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

50) A patient who has a period of bradycardia has a condition of a ________ heartbeat.
Answer: slow
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diseases

51) A patient with tachycardia has a condition of a ________ heartbeat.

Answer: fast
Page Ref: 262
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diseases

52) A ________ is a harsh, rushing sound made by blood passing through an artery narrowed
and roughened by atherosclerosis.
Answer: bruit
Page Ref: 257
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

49
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53) In the medical word sphygmomanometer, the combining form man/o- means "frenzy;
________."
Answer: thin
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

54) In a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, the catheter is inserted percutaneously,

which means it is inserted through the ________.
Answer: skin
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

55) A patient undergoing a valvuloplasty is having surgery to reshape a heart ________.

Answer: valve
Page Ref: 279
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

56) An antiarrhythmic drug is prescribed to treat patients who have an ________ of the heart.
Answer: arrhythmia
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

57) The adjective form for heart is ________.

Answer: cardiac
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

58) The combining forms valv/o- and valvul/o- both mean "________."
Answer: valve
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

50
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59) The combining forms phleb/o- and ven/o- both mean "________."
Answer: vein
Page Ref: 239
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

60) The literal definition of the word ________ is a "picture or record (of a) blood vessel."
Answer: angiogram
Page Ref: 269
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

61) The literal definition of the word ________ is an "instrument used to examine (the) chest."
Answer: stethoscope
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

62) Most arteries lie deep beneath the skin, but a few lie near the surface, and each time the heart
contracts, their walls bulge. This can be felt as a ________.
Answer: pulse
Page Ref: 235
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

63) The connecting structure between an artery and a vein is a ________.

Answer: capillary
Page Ref: 239
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

64) A small vein is known as a ________.

Answer: venule
Page Ref: 239
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

51
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5.3 True/False Questions

1) The cause of the most common type of hypertension, essential hypertension, is unknown.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 258
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

2) The atrioventricular node, or pacemaker, initiates the electrical impulse that begins each
heartbeat.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The sinoatrial (SA) node initiates each heartbeat.
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

3) In a blood pressure reading, the systolic pressure, or upper number, represents the force of
contraction of the ventricles.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

4) When a patient feels the uncomfortable sensation of a premature contraction, often described
as a "thump," this condition is called a palpation.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: This describes palpitations. Palpation is using the fingers to feel or palpate the
body.
Page Ref: 262
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

5) Asystole is another word for tachycardia.

Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Asystole is the absence of a heartbeat, and it is another word for cardiac arrest.
Page Ref: 262
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

52
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6) Beta blocker drugs, calcium channel blocker drugs, and ACE inhibitor drugs are three
categories of drugs that are used to treat hypertension.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

7) MVP stands for mitral valve prolapse

Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 254
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

8) A MUGA scan is a nuclear medicine test that evaluates the ejection fraction and overall heart
function.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 270
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

9) A heart murmur is a normal sound that the heart makes when it is contracting.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: A heart murmur is an abnormal sound that the heart makes as blood leaks past a
defective heart valve.
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

10) In a patient with mitral valve prolapse, blood flows backward into the left atrium. This is
known as regurgitation.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 254
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

11) Bradycardia, tachycardia, heart block, and flutter are all considered cardiac arrhythmias.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

53
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12) When a patient is examined, their blood pressure is found to be 166/100. It can be said that
he is hypotensive.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Because the blood pressure is higher than normal, the patient is hypertensive, not
hypotensive.
Page Ref: 259
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

13) An elevated blood cholesterol level is specifically known as hyperlipidemia.

Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Hyperlipidemia is a general term that includes both an elevated cholesterol level in
the blood (hypercholesterolemia) and an elevated triglyceride level (hypertriglyceridemia).
Page Ref: 258
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

14) Cardiac enzymes are released into the blood when myocardial cells die.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 265
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

15) A cardiac catheterization can only be done to diagnose a problem with the left side of the
heart.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: A cardiac catheterization can be done to diagnose a problem with either the left
side or the right side of the heart.
Page Ref: 26
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

16) During angiography, a radiopaque dye is injected into a blood vessel to fill and outline it.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 269
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

54
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17) Sclerotherapy is a medical procedure in which a drug is injected into a varicose vein.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 274
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

18) Antihypertensive drugs are used to treat low blood pressure.

Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Antihypertensive drugs are used to treat high blood pressure.
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

19) The membrane that is U-shaped and surrounds the heart to create a sac is known as the
bundle of His.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The pericardium creates the pericardial sac. The bundle of His is part of the
electrical conduction system of the heart.
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

20) All arteries carry blood that contains a high level of oxygen.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The pulmonary arteries carry blood that has a low level of oxygen.
Page Ref: 235
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

21) The largest artery in the body is the pulmonary artery.

Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The largest artery in the body is the aorta.
Page Ref: 237
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

22) A Holter monitor is used to check the patient's heart rate as an outpatient for 24 hours.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 267
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures
55
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23) A prolapse of a heart valve occurs when it becomes thickened and hardened.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: A prolapse occurs when the valve leaflets do not close tightly.
Page Ref: 254
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

24) During angina pectoris, there is severe chest pain that means that a myocardial infarction has
occurred.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: During angina pectoris, there is ischemia of the myocardium, but it is a warning
sign of an impending myocardial infarction.
Page Ref: 253
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

25) Auscultation is using a stethoscope to listen to heart sounds.

Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

26) The combining form aneurysm/o- means "enlargement."

Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Aneurysm/o- means "aneurysm; dilation." The suffix -megaly means
"enlargement."
Page Ref: 276
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

27) The combining form angi/o- means "blood vessel; lymphatic vessel."
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

56
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28) The combining form ather/o- means "hard."
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The combining form ather/o- means "soft, fatty substance."
Page Ref: 257
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

29) The combining form lipid/o- means "fat; lipid."

Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 258
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

30) The combining form sphygm/o- means "pulse."

Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

31) The combining form steth/o- means "listening."

Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The combining form steth/o- means "chest."
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

32) The combining form vascul/o- means "blood vessel; lymphatic vessel."
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The combining form vascul/o- just means "blood vessel."
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

33) The cardiovascular system is a continuous, circular body system that includes the heart and
blood vessels.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

57
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34) There are three kinds of blood vessels: arteries, capillaries, and veins.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

35) The heart is a muscular organ that contracts at least once every second to pump blood
throughout the body.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

36) The heart has an extensive electrical system that initiates and coordinates its contractions.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

37) The heart contains four chambers; the upper two are called the "ventricles."
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The upper two are the right and left atria.
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

38) The myocardium is a center wall that divides the heart into right and left sides.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The septum is the center dividing wall.
Page Ref: 232
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

39) The tricuspid valve and mitral valve have chordae tendineae attached to their valve leaflets.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

58
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40) The myocardium is thickest around the right atrium because it must work the hardest to
pump blood to the entire body.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The myocardium is thickest at the left ventricle.
Page Ref: 232
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

41) The word vasculature refers to the network of blood vessels associated with a particular
organ.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

42) The carotid arteries bring oxygenated blood to the neck, face, head, and brain.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 238
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

43) The systemic circulation includes the arteries, capillaries, and veins everywhere in the body,
EXCEPT the lungs.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 240
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

44) The resting period between contractions of the heart is known as systole.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Systole is a contraction. Diastole is the resting period.
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

45) In the medical word depolarization, the combining form polar/o- means "negative state;
positive state."
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 247
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology
59
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46) When the heart is in diastole, the heart chambers are contracting.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Diastole is the resting period between contractions.
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Physiology

47) The part of the pericardium that is next to the wall of a cavity is called the visceral
pericardium or the epicardium.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The visceral pericardium or epicardium is the part next to the surface of the heart.
Page Ref: 231
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

48) In a patient suffering from pericarditis, the inflammation occurs inside the heart chambers.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: It occurs in the pericardial sac that is around the heart. Peri- means "around."
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diseases

49) Allen Jeffers has just been diagnosed with hypercholesterolemia. He will be prescribed a
statin drug to treat this condition.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 258
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

50) A patient with phlebitis has, by definition, has an inflammation of the blood vessels.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: Phleb/o- means "vein," not "blood vessel."
Page Ref: 260
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diseases

60
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51) Because of the meaning of the suffix -ase, we know that the creatine phosphokinase lab test
is measuring the level of a particular enzyme.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 265
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

52) In the word sphygmomanometer, the combining form man/o- refers to the thin, inflatable
cuff used to measure blood pressure.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 272
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

53) The definition of coronary angioplasty is the "process of reshaping by surgery of a blood
vessel."
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

54) By dividing the word valvulotome into its word parts, we can see that it means "an
instrument used to cut a valve."
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 279
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

55) Laramie Johnson has been taking a drug to lower her cholesterol level. When her most recent
lab test results come back, she is hoping to see a high level of HDL.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 265
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

56) To destroy an ectopic area in the heart that is producing an arrhythmia, the patient underwent
an RFA procedure, which stands for radiofrequency ablation.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 279
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures
61
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57) An antiarrhythmic drug is prescribed for patients with heart rhythm problems.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

58) The endothelium that lines the inside of a blood vessel is also known as the intima.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 234
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

59) The pointed leaflet edges of a valve are also known as chordae tendineae.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The pointed leaflets are also known as cusps. Chordae tendineae are ropelike
strands that support the valve leaflets.
Page Ref: 233
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

60) A heart attack is also known as a myocardial infarction.

Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

61) The words arrhythmia and fibrillation are both spelled correctly.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

62) The words aneurism and aneurismal are both spelled correctly.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The correct spellings are aneurysm and aneurysmal.
Page Ref: 256
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

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63) Vena cava is a Latin singular noun, and its plural is venae cavae.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 240
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

64) The primary accented syllable in the word ventricular (ven-trih-kyoo-lar) is KYOO.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The primary accented syllable is TRIH.
Page Ref: 232
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Anatomy

65) The primary accented syllable in the word anastomosis (ah-nas-toh-moh-sis) is NAS.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: The primary accented syllable is MOH.
Page Ref: 277
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

66) A silent MI is a heart attack that is associated with no symptoms.

Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 255
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

67) An electrophysiology study is used to map the heart's conduction system in a patient with an
arrhythmia.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 267
Learning Outcome: 5.4
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Radiologic Procedures

68) During a heart transplantation, the patient can receive a donor heart from a person who died
or an artificial heart made of synthetic materials.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 277
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

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69) During valve replacement surgery, a patient can receive a replacement heart valve that comes
from an animal; this is known as a stent.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation: A stent is used to open the lumen of an artery.
Page Ref: 279
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

5.4 Essay Questions

1) Explain what ventricular fibrillation is and why it is life-threatening.

Answer: Ventricular fibrillation is a very fast, uncoordinated quivering of the myocardium. The
heart is unable to pump blood. This arrhythmia can progress to cardiac arrest.
Page Ref: 261
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Diseases

2) How is blood flow through a coronary artery improved by doing a balloon angioplasty?
Answer: A catheter with a balloon attached to it is inserted into a coronary artery that is blocked
with plaque. The balloon is inflated and the plaque is compressed and this widens the lumen. The
balloon is then deflated and the catheter is removed.
Page Ref: 278
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

3) How does aspirin help heart patients?

Answer: Aspirin helps prevent heart attacks. It helps prevent blood clots from forming by
keeping platelets from sticking together.
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

4) How do calcium channel blocker drugs work and what are they used to treat?
Answer: Calcium channel blockers block the movement of calcium ions into myocardial cells
and smooth muscle cells of the artery walls, causing the heart rate and blood pressure to
decrease. They are used to treat angina pectoris and hypertension.
Page Ref: 275
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

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5) Trace the blood as it moves from the right ventricle through the pulmonary circulation, and
back to the heart.
Answer: Blood travels through the pulmonary valve, pulmonary arteries, and arterioles, to the
capillaries in the lungs. In a capillary beside an alveolus, the blood releases carbon dioxide, picks
up oxygen, and becomes bright red. The blood then travels through the pulmonary veins to the
left atrium of the heart.
Page Ref: 240
Learning Outcome: 5.1
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Anatomy

6) Describe the parts of the conduction system of the heart.

Answer: The conduction system of the heart starts with the sinoatrial node (SA), which initiates
the electrical impulse to begin each heartbeat. Then electrical impulse travels to the
atrioventricular node (AV), to the bundle of His, and then down the right and left bundle
branches in the interventricular septum. At the apex of the heart, the right and left bundles
separate, and the electrical impulse spreads across the ventricles in a network of nerves called the
Purkinje fibers.
Page Ref: 246
Learning Outcome: 5.2
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Physiology

7) What is angina pectoris and what are its symptoms?

Answer: Angina pectoris is mild-to-severe chest pain caused by ischemia of the myocardium. It
can include a crushing, squeezing, heaviness, or pressure-like sensation in the chest with pain
extending up into the jaw, teeth, neck, or down the left arm, often with extreme sweating and a
sense of doom.
Page Ref: 253
Learning Outcome: 5.3
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Diseases

8) The words angioplasty and valvuloplasty both end in the suffix -plasty. How are these two
surgical procedures alike and how are they different?
Answer: The suffix in both words is -plasty, which means "process of reshaping by surgery."
Both angioplasty and valvuloplasty involve a process of reshaping by surgery. The difference is
that an angioplasty reshapes a blood vessel and vavuloplasty reshapes a valve.
Page Ref: 257, 279
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Comprehension
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

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9) What is the difference between the action of an anticoagulant drug and a thrombolytic drug?
Answer: An anticoagulant drug is used to prevent a clot from forming in patients with
arteriosclerosis, atrial fibrillation, previous myocardial infarction, or an artificial heart valve. A
thrombolytic drug is used to break apart a blood clot after it has formed.
Page Ref: 275, 276
Learning Outcome: 5.5
LOD: Knowledge
Question Type: Medical Procedures, Drugs, and Surgical Procedures

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