ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to express our profound
and sincere gratitude to our guide.
Who guided us into this
microproject nonchalantly with
matchless magnanimity.
We are indebted to his
constant encouragement, cooperation
and help. It was his enthusiastic support
that helped us in overcoming various
obstacles in this project.
We would also like to express our
thankfulness to our beloved
principal,H.O.D.,and other
faculty members of our first year
Department for extending their support
and motivation.
THANK YOU ………
COMPUTER NETWORKING
MicroProject
Roll no Name Enroll No
31 Zipare Nandini Bhagwat 2100150274
32 Sawalgi Shreyash Balasaheb 2100150275
39 Sidgiddi Meghana Dwarkanath 2100150283
67 Jamadar Shoaiba Aslam 2200150711
Title
Protocol’s used in
Transport Layer.
INDEX
•
What is OSI Model ?
•
Info about Transport layer.
•
What is Protocol?
•
Protocol’s used in Transport Layer.
•
TCP .
•
UDP
What is OSI Model?
The OSI Model Defined :
The OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnection Model) is a
conceptual framework used to describe the functions of a
networking system. The OSI model characterizes computing
functions into a universal set of rules and requirements in order
to support interoperability between different products and
software. In the OSI reference model, the communications
between a
computing system are split into seven different abstraction laye rs:
Physical, Data Link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation, and
Application.
Createdata time when network computing was in its infancy, the
OSI was published in 1984 by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO). Though it does not always map directly
to specific systems, the OSI Model is still used today as a means
to describe Network Architecture.
Info about Transport Layer.
The network layer is responsible for receiving frames from the
data link layer, and delivering them to their intended
destinations
among based on the addresses contained inside the frame. The
network layer finds the destination by using logical addresses, such
as IP (internet protocol). At this layer, routers area crucial
component used to quite literally route information where it
needs togo between networks.
What is Protocol?
In networking, a protocol is a set of rules for
formatting and processing data. Network protocols
are like a common language for computers. The
computers within a network may use vastly
different software and hardware; however,
the use of protocols enables them to
communicate with each other regardless.
Protocol used in Transport
Layer.
The protocol layer just above the Internet Layer is
the Host-to- Host Transport Layer. This name is
usually
shortened to Transport Layer. The two most important
protocols in the Transport Layer are
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User
Datagram Protocol (UDP). TCP provide reliable data
delivery service with end-to-end error detection and
correction. UDP provides low-overhead,
connectionless datagram delivery service. Both
protocols deliver data between the Application Layer
and the Internet Layer.
Applications programmers can choose whichever
service is more appropriate for their specific
applications.
TCP(Transmission Control Protocol ).
TCP
TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol.
It provides full transport layer services to applications.
It is a connection-oriented protocol means the
connection established between both the ends of the
transmission. For creating the connection, TCP generates a
virtual circuit
between sender and receiver for the duration of
a transmission.
A
TCP Segment Format
UDP(User Datagram Protocol).
UDP
UDP stands for User Datagram Protocol.
UDP is a simple protocol and it provides nonsequenced
transport functionality.
UDP is a connectionless protocol.
This type of protocol is used when reliability and security are
less important than speed and size.
UDP is an end -to-end transport level protocol that adds
transport-level addresses, checksum error control, and length
information t o the data from the upper layer.
The packet produced by the UDP protocol is known as a
user datagram.
Working of UDP Protocol
User Datagram Format
The user datagram has a 16-byte header which is shown below:
Disadvantages of UDP protocol
UDP provides basic functions needed for the end-to-end
delivery of a transmission.
It does not provide any sequencing or reordering functions
and does not specify the damaged packet when reporting an
error.
UDP can discover that an error has occurred, but it does not
specify which packet has been lost as it does not contain an ID
or sequencing number of a particular data segment.
Differences b/w TCP &
UDP
It is an unreliable protocol.
Reliability It is a reliable protocol.
Header size 20 bytes 8 bytes
It neither takes the
acknowledgement, nor it frame.
retransmits the damaged
acknowledgement It waits for the acknowledgeme
data and has the ability to
rese
REFRENCE
https://www.wps.com/d/?from=t
https://www.SCLAR.com/d/?from=t
https:// www. sclare. com/d/? from= transport
THANK YOU …
