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Review of Related Literature

The document provides an overview of reviewing related literature as an important step in research. It discusses five key functions of reviewing related literature including providing a theoretical framework, preventing duplication of studies, and informing research methods and interpretations. The document also outlines different types of related literature, guides for finding literature, and techniques for effectively reviewing, evaluating, taking notes on, and utilizing related literature in research.

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Tobiichi Origami
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29 views

Review of Related Literature

The document provides an overview of reviewing related literature as an important step in research. It discusses five key functions of reviewing related literature including providing a theoretical framework, preventing duplication of studies, and informing research methods and interpretations. The document also outlines different types of related literature, guides for finding literature, and techniques for effectively reviewing, evaluating, taking notes on, and utilizing related literature in research.

Uploaded by

Tobiichi Origami
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Review of

Related
literature
Review of Related literature

• Review of related literature is an important step to research.


• it gives the investigator a complete understanding of what is known about a given topic
• It also provides ideas about ways and designs to carry out his research more effectively
• It is also based on past knowledge because it tells us is already known

According to Gay(1976) RRL performs Five important functions


1) It provides the conceptual or theoretical framework of the planned research
2) It provides information from past researchers related to his intended study (this process prevents any
duplication of studies and leads the researcher to what is needed to be investigated)
3) It gives the investigator a feeling of confidence because he will have on hand all construct (concepts) related
to the study
4) It gives information about the research methods used, the population and sampling considered the
instruments used in gathering the data and the statistical computation in previous research
5) It provides findings and conclusion if past investigations, which researcher may relate to their latest findings
and conclusion
Review of Related literature

Good and Scates (1954) 3 contributions to problem solving that RRL can offer
1) A carefully planned program of reading is frequently the source of significant problems
2) A systematic survey or related literature is the means of determining whether the proposed study
unnecessarily duplicates some earlier investigation
3) The knowledge obtained from such reading, in terms of sources, procedures, and results represents
essential orientation for definition of the problem, selection of method and interpretation of findings

Two kinds of related literature

A. Research literature – refers to published reports of actual research studies done previously
B. Conceptual literature – is consist of articles and books written by authorities giving their opinions,
experiences theories and ideas o f what is good or bad, desirable and undesirable within the problem area
Review of Related literature

Good and Scates (1954) 3 contributions to problem solving that RRL can offer
1) A carefully planned program of reading is frequently the source of significant problems
2) A systematic survey or related literature is the means of determining whether the proposed study
unnecessarily duplicates some earlier investigation
3) The knowledge obtained from such reading, in terms of sources, procedures, and results represents
essential orientation for definition of the problem, selection of method and interpretation of findings

Two kinds of related literature

A. Research literature – refers to published reports of actual research studies done previously
B. Conceptual literature – is consist of articles and books written by authorities giving their opinions,
experiences theories and ideas o f what is good or bad, desirable and undesirable within the problem area
Guides towards the use of related literature

1. comprehensive/general 2. Guides to periodicals 3. Guides to book and


guides and serials monographs

5. Guides to special 6. continuing/serial


4. guides to bibliographies and
graduate theses educational areas and
problems summaries in limited
areas of education

7. extensive individual 8. biographical,


bibliographies and institutional and statistical
summaries in limited directories and handbooks
areas in education
Reviewing Conceptual Literature

Fox (1969) has suggested that the beginning researcher to start reviewing the
conceptual literature because it is more readily available than research literature.
In reviewing the conceptual literature the researcher can refer to a variety of
materials such as encyclopedias of general specialized areas, book, and yearbooks
and a number of indexes like the indexes to literature appearing in collections or
analogies and indexes to reference book.

Reviewing Research Literature

starts with a search for and an exploration of the research investigations that are
related to the research problem or topic. The process require a critical evaluative
skill on the part of the researcher since he will have to render judgement on the
whether or not particular research study bears sine relation into his own study.
Salient areas should be noted: (1) bibliographical entry of the material, (2) the
problems of the research study being reviewed, (3) research design(source of
data, instruments used, methodology, procedure, and statistical treatment applied
and lastly (4) the conclusion, result and recommendation
library technique
• The preparation of working bibliography
• The evaluation of materials
• Primary secondary and tertiary sources of
information
• The art of reading
• The mechanics of note taking
1. The preparation of working bibliography

I. What to include and what to leave out


A. must implement a careful and systematic reading
B. List of published materials pertaining directly or closely to his subject thesis
C. From time to time additions as the research proceeds until the end as it cover all publication
germane to the topic
II. How to compile bibliography
A. instructor/advisers may frequently help at the very beginning of the investigation while the
bibliographical resources of available libraries will constitute the chief fount of information
B. library research useful techniques
- card catalog where general and special subject classifications will ordinarily yield its fruit
- formal biographies of various sorts which are often group together in a room
- reference books, general and special, in which sources are likely to be listed
- general book list and periodical indices general/special where reference to articles and
magazines appear
- specific journals containing classified arrays of current publications as well as abstract magazines
Book citation
• Authors name
• Title of the work
• Call number in the most accessible library if that can really be ascertained

Articles and magazine citation


• Authors name
• Title of the work
• Title of the periodical in which the article appeared
• Volume number and pages/month and year
• Call number in the most accessible library if readily obtained

III. Sifting the bibliography


A. the researcher will have a sizable pack of references covering outstanding items among
books pamphlet and magazine articles which is surely examined in the course of the
research.
B. the end should possessed all of the items for that formal bibliography which constitutes a
essential part of the complete thesis and most probably the examination of references must
begun in the relatively early stage.
2. The evaluation of material

1. Accuracy and dependability -


2. Up-to-dateness
3. Suitability for specific requirements
4. Authority
5. Scope
6. Treatment and style
7. Arrangements
8. Illustration, tables and diagrams
9. Author
10. Publisher
3. Primary, secondary and tertiary sources

1. Experimentation
2. Frist hand investigation: the interview and the questionnaire
3. Doctoral dissertation and monographs in professional journals
4. Letter, diaries and autobiographies
5. Original and creative work in art and literature
6. Reports of governments and their agencies: national, regional, provincial city and
municipal
7. Annual report of research foundation, universities and corporations
8. newspaper
4. The Art of Reading

• Reading for research is a real task, for the researcher must read intelligently and not casually,
directionally and not aimlessly.
• The researcher should refrain from falling into the error of wanting to cover the ground as
rapidly as possible.
• Intelligent reading is impossible without active and critical thought.
• There is a notion that morning hours are the best time for reading. Because during these ours
the power of absorption is at its maximum for many individuals.
• A great suggestion towards effective reading procedure is to repeat the page or area that
seems important with a greater care of understanding
5. The mechanics of note taking

• Having located the information the researcher wants must record it for future use.
• This is a process that puts materials in a form that can be easily recalled and used in the
future.
• Various notes may come from the following: speeches, lectures, class discussion, solitary
meditation and from reading reference materials

Four categories in reading-reference note


1. Quotation – the exact words of an author are reproduced un quotation marks.
2. Paraphrase – the reader restates the authors thoughts in his/her own words.
3. Summary – the reader states a condensed form contents of the article
4. Evaluation – the reader records his/her own reaction indicating agreement/disagreement or
interpreting the point of view of the writer
Suggested methods in taking notes
1. Skim the notes before copying any notes
2. Use a 4 x 6 card to sort subject headings
3. File each note card in a definite topic or heading
4. Input only one topic per card to be organize and flexible
5. Make sure to copy the notes precisely and clearly understandable for they are not likely to be used for
some time after they have been copied
6. Distinguish clearly the summary, direct quotation of the author, refence of the author and an
evaluative statement
7. Don’t plan to recopy your notes because it is a waste of time rather carefully right them the first time
8. Always keep the notes with you in a accessible form in order to jot down ideas that comes to you while
doing waiting or doing other activities
9. Be careful not to loose your notes and file them in a folder that has your name and address
10. Keep a permanent file of your notes

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