Module 02 - Parameters of Site Selection and Analysis
Module 02 - Parameters of Site Selection and Analysis
OF SITE SELECTION AND ANALYSIS
SITE ANALYSIS IS A VITAL STEP IN THE DESIGN PROCESS.
• It involves the evaluation of an existing or potential site in relation to the development
program, environmental impact, impacts on the community and adjacent properties, project
budget, and schedule.
• The site analysis identifies environmental, program, and development constraints and
opportunities. A well‐executed site analysis forms the essential foundation for a cost‐effective,
environmentally sensitive, and rational approach to project development.
CLIENT NEEDS
Site analyses vary greatly depending on the owner’s situation, the project size, program complexity, and
the site. One client may have defined a building program and be in search of a site. Another may have
selected a site and be interested in fitting a development program to it. Yet another may have both site
and program in hand and be seeking the most efficient, economical, and environmentally sensitive
approach to site development.
1. Site selection. Often a client has a development program in mind and is looking for the best site
for it. It may be necessary to survey the region, town, or neighborhood for available sites and
then to evaluate potential sites in terms of the requirements of the development program. The
objective of site analysis during the site selection process is to identify the best site based on the
physical, cultural, and regulatory characteristics of the site and its surroundings, as well as the
site’s adaptability to and compatibility with the proposed program.
2. Program definition. Here the client may have control of a site and perhaps have a general
idea—from experience, intuition, or formal market research—of how to develop it. The focus in
site analysis will be on determining the development capacity of the site so the program can be
further defined in terms of density, open space, and environmental quality. The resulting site
program will set the stage for site design.
3. Site accommodation. When a client has both a defined program and a selected site, the site
analysis objective will be to maximize the potential of the site for its intended use by developing
a thorough understanding of the opportunities and limitations it offers.
4. Development potential evaluation. In some cases a client already owns or is considering the
purchase of an undeveloped or underdeveloped property and seeks site analysis to accurately
define the general development potential and market value of the property.
5. Special site studies. Each site will present a unique set of issues and concerns. As part of site
analysis, special studies may be required. Examples are utilities studies, environmental impact
studies, historic resources inventories, and studies of special opportunities, such as the
construction of co‐generation plants or solid waste disposal systems.
PLANNING 01 1 JGPL2016
Module 02:Parameters of Site Selection and Analysis
Evaluation of the physical features and quality of a site:
• climate,
• topography,
• geotechnical and soil characteristics,
• utilities,
• natural features and surroundings,
• transportation and access, and
• Historic preservation and landmarks.
Familiarity with planning and zoning requirements:
• parking,
• building density,
• use,
• open space, and
• design controls
Accurate assessment of the political climate surrounding new development in a particular
neighborhood or community is increasingly important.
• market analysis assessment
• Real estate value.
Consultants:
• Consultants with planning or real estate background
• landscape architects
• civil, power, and geotechnical engineers,
• traffic engineers or traffic planners,
• hydrologists,
• economic analysts,
• environmental or wildlife scientists,
• archaeologists,
• historians,
• real estate attorneys,
• programming specialists
GENERIC STEPS TO PERFORM THE SERVICE
1. Program investigation. The building program is investigated with respect to the selected or
optional building footprints; area required for parking, circulation, open space, and other
program elements; and any special constraints or requirements such as security, easements,
preserving natural habitat, wetlands, and the like.
2. Site inventory and analysis. The physical, cultural, and regulatory characteristics of the site are
initially explored. The site evaluation checklist identifies factors that may be considered. Some
of these factors can be assessed by collecting and analyzing information; others are best
PLANNING 01 2 JGPL2016
Module 02:Parameters of Site Selection and Analysis
addressed by walking the site and traversing its environs. A preliminary assessment of whether a
location and site have the potential to accommodate the building program is made. Priority
issues—those (such as environmental contamination) that may preempt further investigation—
are identified. A site analysis plan is developed. When this has been approved by the client,
consultants may be hired to further explore issues that require analysis beyond the capabilities
of the core project team.
3. Site evaluation. At this point, thorough assessments are conducted when necessary to develop
the site analysis plan. These may include physical testing of aspects of the site, its
improvements, and adjoining properties.
4. Report development. The site analysis report normally includes property maps, geotechnical
maps and findings, site analysis recommendations, and a clear statement of the impact of the
findings and recommendations on the proposed building program. Regulatory approvals
normally required during or immediately following the site analysis phase include zoning,
environmental impact, and highway/transportation.
PLANNING 01 3 JGPL2016
Module 02:Parameters of Site Selection and Analysis
Disclaimer:
This Module claims no credit for any part unless otherwise noted. Content used for the module are copyright to its respective owners. You may
E‐mail [email protected] for any issues, comments and suggestions.
PLANNING 01 4 JGPL2016
Module 02:Parameters of Site Selection and Analysis