MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MCQ)

1. Which of the following has zero dipole moment?

(a.) cis-But-2-ene (b) trans-But-2-ene
(c) But-1-ene (d) 2-Methylprop-1-ene
2. Bond length of (I) ethane, (II) ethene, (III) Acetylene, (IV) Benzene follows
the order:
(a) I > II > III > IV (b) I > II > IV > III
(c) I > IV > II > III (d) III > IV > II > I
3. The methyl group in benzene ring is:
(a) Ortho directing (b) Ortho and meta directing
(c) Para directing (d) Ortho and para directing
4. The dihedral angle in the staggered conformation of C2H6
(a) 120° (b) 60°
(c) 0° (d) 90°
5. On heating C2H2 in red hot tube copper tube, the compound formed is:
(a) Ethylene (b) Benzene
(c) Ethane (d) Methane
6. Action of acetylene on dilute H2SO4 gives:
(a) Acetic acid (b) Acetone
(c) Acetaldehyde (d) Ethyl alcohol
7. Which of the following compounds will exhibit cis-trans (geometrical)
isomerism?
(a) Butanol (b) 2-Butyne
(c) 2-Butenol (d) 2-Butene
8. Hydrolysis of ozonide of But-1-ene gives
(a) Ethylene only
(b) Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde
(c) Propionaldehyde and formaldehyde
(d) Acetaldehyde only
9. Reaction of hydrogen bromide with propene in the absence of a peroxide
is a/an
(a) free radical reaction (b) nucleophilic substitution
(c) electrophilic addition (d) nucleophilic substitution

224 Chemistry Class XI

10. Among the following compounds, the one which is most reactive towards
electrophilic nitration is:
(a) Benzoic acid (b) Nitrobenzene
(c) Toluene (d) Benzene
ANSWERS: 1.b 2.c 3.d 4.b 5.b 6.c 7.d 8.c 9.c 10.c

FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Alkanes mainly undergo _____________ reaction.

2. Halogenation of alkanes does not occur in ____________.
3. The H – C – H bond angle in ethene is __________.
4. The addition of HBr to an unsymmetrical alkene takes place in accordance
with ___________ rule.
5. Baeyer’s reagent is used for testing ___________.
6. Benzene favours ___________ substitution reaction.
7. The Dipole moment of Benzene is ___________.
8. The nitro group in the benzene nucleus is ________ directing. It __________
the reactivity of the benzene ring.
9. Melting point and boiling point increase as the molar masses _______.
10. The reaction of solid calcium carbide with water produces __________, a
flammable gas.

ANSWERS : 1. Substitution 2. Dark 3. 120° 4. Markownikov’s

5. Unsaturation 6. electrophilic 7. Zero 8. Meta, decreases
9. Increase 10. Ethyne

TRUE AND FALSE TYPE QUESTIONS

1. Alkanes mainly undergo substitution reactions using the free-radical

mechanism.
2. The decreasing order of boiling points among the isomeric pentanes is
neo > iso > n.
3. The acidic character of three types of hydrocarbons follows the order
alkanes > alkenes > alkynes.
4. The peroxide effect is observed only in addition of HBr, and not with HCl
and HI.

Hydrocarbons 225
5. Wurtz reaction is suitable for the preparation of both symmetrical and
unsymmetrical alkanes.
6. For a compound to be aromatic it must have (4n + 2)π electrons.
7. Benzene has planar structure.
8. The benzene molecule has two different carbon-carbon bond lengths,
corresponding to alternate single and double bonds.
9. In Friedel-Crafts reaction, AlCl3 is an electrophile.
10. An electron-donating substituent in benzene ring gives a meta product.
ANSWERS: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7.T 8. F 9. F 10. F

MATCH THE COLUMNS

Match the statements (a,b,c,d) in column I with the statements (i, ii, iii, iv) in
column II.
1. Column I Column II
a. C2H6 i. Electrophilic addition
b. C2H4 ii. Electrophilic substitution
c. C2H2 iii. Free radical substitution
d. C6H6 iv. Free radical addition
2. Column I Column II
a. Alkanes i. Saturated nature
b. Alkenes ii. Ozonolysis
c. Alkynes iii. Geometrical isomerism
d. Arenes iv. Aromatic character
ANSWERS: 1. a. → iii b. → i c. → i d. → ii
2. a. → i b. → ii, iii c. → ii d. → i, iv

ASSERTION-REASON TYPE QUESTIONS

Type 1. The questions given below consist of Assertion(A) and Reason (R). Use
the following key to select correct answer.
(a) If both assertion and reason are correct and reason is correct explanation
for assertion.
(b) If both assertion and reason are correct but reason is not correct explanation
for assertion.
(c) If assertion is correct but a reason is incorrect.
(d) If assertion and reason both are incorrect.
226 Chemistry Class XI
1. Assertion: The IUPAC name of CH3CH = CH – C ≡ CH is pent-3-en-
1-yne and not pent-2-en-4-yne.
Reason: While deciding the locants of double and triple Bonds, lowest sum
rule is always followed.
2. Assertion: Tropylium cation is aromatic in character.
Reason: The only property which decides the aromatic character is its planar
nature.
3. Assertion: Friedel-craft reaction between benzene and acetic anhydride
in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 yields acetophenone and not poly-
substituted products.
Reason: Acetophenone formed poisons the catalyst preventing further
reaction.
4. Assertion: But-1-ene on reacting with HBr in the presence of peroxide,
products 1-bromobutane.
Reason: It involves the formation of a primary free radical.
5. Assertion: Alkanes with more than three carbon atoms exhibit chain
isomerism.
Reason: Branching of the carbon atom chain is necessary for exhibiting
chain isomerism.
6. Assertion: Benzene reacts with chlorine in the form of light to form BHC.
Reason: BHC is also called gammexane or 666.
7. Assertion: All the hydrogen atoms in CH2 = C = CH2 lie in one plane.
Reason: All the carbon atoms in it are sp2 hybridised.
8. Assertion: Propene reacts with HBr in the presence of benzoyl peroxide to
yield 2-bromopropane.
Reason: In the presence of peroxide, the addition of HBr to propene follows
ionic mechanism.
9. Assertion: Benzene does not decolourise bromine water.
Reason: Benzene is stabilised by resonance due to delocalisation of π
electrons.
10. Assertion: Acidity of C-H bond decreases in the order:
HC ≡ CH > H2C = CH2 > H3C – CH3
Reason: Greater the percentage s-character, more is the acidity of C – H bond.
ANSWERS: 1.a 2.c 3.c 4.c 5.a 6.b 7.c 8.d 9.a 10.a

Hydrocarbons 227
 ONE WORD TYPE QUESTIONS

1. What is the state of hybridisation of Carbon atoms in alkanes?

2. What is self linking property of atoms called?
3. What is the general formula of alkenes?
4. What is the other name for Geometrical isomerism?
5. Which out of Ethane, Ethene and Ethyne has longest C-C bond?
6. What is the number of bonds in But-3-en-1-yne?
7. Name the product formed when Propyne is treated with aqueous H2SO4 in
the presence of dil.HgSO4.
8. What is C – C – C bond angle in benzene?
9. Name the product formed when Benzene reacts with CH3Cl in the presence
of anhydrous aluminium chloride.
10. – COOH is ortho, para directing or Meta directing group?

1-MARK QUESTIONS

1. Name the chain isomer of C5H12 which has tertiary carbon atom.
2. Give the IUPAC name of the lowest molecular weight alkane that contains
a quaternary carbon.
3. Write the reaction involved in Kolbe’s electrolytic method to prepare ethane.
4. Define term decarboxylation.
5. Why dry ether and not water is used as a solvent in the preparation of alkane
by Wurtz reaction?
6. Sodium salt of which carboxylic acid will be needed for the preparation of
propane by decarboxylation method?
7. Complete the following reaction:
dry ether
CH3Cl + Na
8. Amongst the following which one has the maximum boiling point?
n-Pentane, iso-pentane, neo-pentane.
9. Define the term conformation.
10. Write IUPAC name of CH3CH = CHCH2CH = CCH2CH = CH2

CH2CH3

228 Chemistry Class XI

11. Draw the cis and trans isomers of CHCl = CHCl.
12. What happens when 2-Bromobutane is being treated with alc. KOH?
13. Name the reagents used to carry out the following conversions:
CH3 – CH = CH2 → CH3CH(OH)CH2OH
14. Complete the following reaction :
Organic peroxide
CH3 – CH = CH2 + HBr
15. An alkene A on ozonolysis gives a mixture of ethanol and pentan-3-one.
Write IUPAC name of element.
16. When alkyne is treated with bromine water then what will be the colour of
the product?
17. Why alkynes do not exhibit geometrical isomerism?
18. Complete the following reaction:
H2O, Hg2+/H+
(i) CH3C ≡ CH ?
(ii) CaC2 + 2H2O ___________ + __________
19. How will you convert ethyne to benzene?
20. Write chemical equation for combustion reaction of Hexyne.
21. Write IUPAC name of C6H5 – CH2 – CH2 – CH = CH2.
22. Why is benzene extraordinarily stable although it contains three double
bonds?
23. Write chemical reaction to exemplify Friedel-Crafts alkylation of benzene.
24. What is the nature of substitution in benzene?
25. Why is not aromatic?
26. C-C bond length in benzene is intermediate between C – C and C = C. Why?
27. Starting from benzene,how would you synthesize m- Bromonitrobenzene.
28. Give one example each of o, p-directing group and m-directing group.
29. Complete the reaction:
Anhy. AlCl3
C6H6 + CH3COCl

30. Write the electrophile which is involved in the nitration of benzene.

Hydrocarbons 229
 2-MARKS QUESTIONS

1. What effect does branching have on the boiling point of an alkane and why?
2. What is the difference between isomers and conformers?
3. Is it possible to isolate pure staggered ethane or pure eclipsed ethane at room
temperature? Give reason.
4. Draw Newman projection formula for conformations of ethane.
5. How will you convert methyl bromide to ethane?
6. Wurtz reaction cannot be used for the preparation of unsymmetrical alkanes?
Give reason.
7. How can ethene be prepared from (i) Ethanol (ii) Ethyl bromide?
8. Melting point of cis-But-2-ene is lower than that of trans-But-2-ene. Give
reason.
9. Draw the structures of cis and trans Hex-2-ene.
10. Explain with the help of equation : Ozonolysis of propene.
11. Give a chemical test to distinguish between ethene and ethane.
12. What do you understand by peroxide effect (Kharasch effect)?
11. What factor determines the stability of alkene?
14. Arrange the following alkenes in decreasing order of stability :
CH3 – CH = CH – CH3, CH2 = CH2, CH3 – CH = CH2
15. Complete the reaction:
(i) + HBr → ?

Zn
(ii) + O3 CH COOH ? + ?
3

16. An alkene on treatment with HBr in presence of peroxide can generate two
types of free radicals CH3 – C• – CH2-Br and CH3 – C(CH3) – CH2•
 
CH3 Br
Predict the final product of the reaction and give reason.
(Hint: Stability of free radicals)
17. What happens when But-2-ene reacts with acidified potassium permanganate
solution?

230 Chemistry Class XI

18. You are provided with But-2-yne, how will you convert it into:
(i) cis-But-2-ene
(ii) trans-But-2-ene
19. An alkene C4H8 reacts with HBr both in the presence and absence of peroxide
to give the same product. Identify the alkene.
20. Arrange ethane, ethene and ethyne in the order of increasing acidity.
21. Identify A and B in the following reaction:
Na Red hot iron tube
A CH ≡ CH B
873K
22. Write the structures of the products A and B of the following reactions:
Na CH3Br
(i) HC ≡ CH A B
Alc.KOH NaNH2
(ii) BrH2C – CH2Br A B
23. Give a chemical test to distinguish between ethyne and ethene.
24. Out of benzene and toluene ,which will undergo nitration easily and why?
25. Why does presence of a nitro group make the benzene ring less reactive in
comparison to the unsubstituted benzene ring? Explain.
26. What happens when Chlorine is passed through benzene in the presence of
sunlight and absence of halogen carrier?

3-MARKS QUESTIONS

1. Write the structures and name of products obtained in the reaction of sodium
with a mixture of 1-Iodo-2-methylpropane and 2-Iodopropane.
2. State Markownikov’s rule. Using this rule, write the reaction of propene
with (i) HCl & (ii) H2O.
3. Complete the following reactions:
Alc.KOH
(i) CH3CH2Br
Zn/H2O
(ii) CH3CH = CH2 + O3
Dil.KMnO4
(iii) CH2 = CH2 +H2O + [O]

4. (i) Write the structure of 3, 4-Dimethylhept-3-ene.

(ii) Name the compounds obtained by ozonolysis of 3-Methylpent-2-ene.

Hydrocarbons 231
5. Complete the following reactions:
NaNH2,CH3Br
(i) CH ≡ CH ?
H2O,HgSO4/H2SO4
(ii) CH ≡ CH ?
Pt H2
(iii) CH3C ≡ CH + H2 ? ?
6. Write the mechanism of nitration of benzene.
7. Arrange in the order of decreasing relative reactivity with an electrophile
and explain:
Toluene, p-Nitrotoluene, 1, 4-Dinitrobenzene
8. What is meant by delocalization of π electrons? How does it affect stability
of benzene?
9. What are the conditions for a compound/species to be aromatic according
to Huckel’s rule?
10. How will you convert benzene into
(i) Acetophenone
(ii) m- Chloronitrobenzene?

5-MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Define isomerism. Write all the structural isomers of hexane(C6H14) and
arrange them in increasing order of boiling points.
2. Write short note on (i) Wurtz reaction (ii) Kolbe’s electrolysis (iii) Ozonolysis
3. Alkenes show geometrical isomerism while alkanes do not. Give a suitable
explanation.
4. An alkene ‘A’ of molecular mass ‘28u’ on treatment with bromine gives
a product ‘B’. The Compound ‘B’ on further dehalogenation with zinc
gives back ‘A’. Give the structures of ‘A’ and ‘B’ and also the sequence of
reactions.
5. An organic compound ‘A’ with formula C4H9Br on treatment with KOH(alc.)
gave two isomeric compounds ‘B’ and ‘C’ with formula C4H8. Ozonolysis of
‘B’ gave only one product CH3CHO while ’C’ gave two different products.
Identify A, B and C.
6. How will you convert Ethyne into (i) 1, 1, 2, 2-Tetrachloroethane (ii) Ethene
(iii) Ethanal (iv) Benzene (v) Sodium ethynide
7. Discuss the structure of benzene with an emphasis on resonance and orbital
pictures.
232 Chemistry Class XI