CONTENTS

UNIT 1 Let’s talk about the Future

Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
If you panic, she will be
Pages Lesson 1A frightened. Will vs. Be Going Celebrations
6-10 Plans and I am going to send you a To
promises birthday gift with this
letter.
Lesson 1B
Awesome, I’ll look forward Present Expression for
Pages Making
to it. Continuous accepting or
11-16 Arrangements
I'm afraid I'm busy tonight. for rejecting
arrangements
I will call him as soon as
Lesson 1C
Pages possible. Future in use Plans and Goals
Future Tenses
17-21 We are going to visit your
in action company today.
Get back! The bomb is
Lesson 1D Will/ Be going
Pages going to explode. Virtual and
Differences in to/ Present
22-25 She’s studying at Bethan’s console
Future tenses Continuous
house this evening. games
Lesson 1E We’re going to party this
Pages Vocabulary
Reading weekend. Grammar review
26-28 review
booster Dance all night long.

UNIT 2 I have to do my Homework

Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
It might rain tomorrow. I
Pages Lesson 2A May/ Might/ Will Family
may go on vacation to
29-34 Digital Habits Relationship
London.
He must stop eating
Pages Lesson 2B sugar, he has diabetes. Must/ Have to/ Covid-19
35-39 Do and Don’ts We have to leave at 7h00 Need to
pm.
I needed to take some
People routines
Pages Lesson 2C vacation. Needed to/had to
before and
40-43 Then and now He didn’t have to attend after COVID
this meeting
We went to the park today.
Pages Lesson 2D Also/besides/as
As well as that, we did Liking words (1)
44-46 English in Use! well as that
some shopping
Technology Listening
Pages
Lesson 2E Activities during COVID-19 Production: Digital Technology
47-50
Lockdown Resources
UNIT 3 LIFE IS SO GOOD!
Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary

She got maternity

Pages Lesson 3A leave. It is very hard Too/ very/ enough Work and
51-55 I need a job! to take care of her employment
baby.
Pages
Lesson 3B I am so organized; it is
56-59 Quite/ so /at all Job interview
Job interview! one of my strengths.
Pages Lesson 3C
The movie writer
60-63 Movies Adverbs of manners Films
made a great plot.
Lesson
Pages Although/even
3D Despite being alone, Linking words
64-66 though/though/despite/in
English in he tried to survive. (2)
spite of
action!
Pages Lesson 3E
Written production: a Film/movie
67-69 Vocabulary How to write a review film/book review review
booster

UNIT 4 LIFE EXPERIENCES

Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary
Lesson 4A Present Perfect:
Chicago
Pages Thing I’ve Affirmative and My Experience
Discovering the world
70-75 done Negative

Lesson 4B What’s wrong

Pages Present Perfect: Illness
76-79 Health What’s Questions
Problems matter Emails

Lesson 4C Renovation Present Perfect:

Pages
I’ve Just, already, still Experiences
80-84 Life Experiences and yet
already
visited
Lesson 4D Present Perfect:
Pages The house
Have you ever, never, for and My activities
85-88 Places visited
ever… since
Lesson 4E Speaking
Pages Sports
Vocabular Production Sports
89-93 5 Minutes Pitch
y booster :
It is time to impress
UNIT 5OUR WORLD

Page Lesson Language Grammar Vocabulary

Past simple
Lesson 5A
Pages Social issues affirmative, Climate change
Climate
94-97 Natural disasters negative and
Change
question forms
Lesson 5B Global warming Present perfect
Pages Extreme sports
Extreme Around my country simple VS. past
98-101 Global issues
world simple
Pages Lesson 5C World water day
102-106 Nowadays English importance Reported speech Synonyms

Lesson 5D
Pages This is a Tag Questions Tag Questions Landscapes
107-110 difficult Natural Protected areas
stage, isn’t Brazil amazon
it?
Lesson 5E
Pages Global Warming Writing
Global Climate Change
111-112 Country Issues Production: Essay
Warming
 FOREWORD

The purpose of this project is to provide to the English language learners,

especially at college level, a booklet to study and practice the four skills:
listening, speaking, reading, and writing.

We aimed that all learners could study this booklet by themselves. Attend
classes will only mean the checkup (correction, reinforcement, or expansion) of
the exercises given especially by the instructor or English teacher.

This project is designed for the community of the Technical University of

Babahoyo, especially its Languages Center (CENID).
Let’s Talk about the Future Unit 1

Unit objective: Learners will be able to

plansandacceptor
reject an invitation.

Learning outcome:
Inferring from context
Producing piece of writing.

Making arrangements
Accepting invitation
Rejecting invitations
Listening for specific and general inform
Mentioning plans
Making predictions
Reading for specific information
UNIT 1Let’s talk about the Future
will, be going to, present continuous for arrangements, helpful expressions.

Lesson 1A Plans and Promises

will vs. be going to

VOCABULARY – Celebrations

A. Read each word and match it with the correct picture.

A
1. Caterer

2. Balloon

3. Costume

4. Confetti B C D

5. Theme party

6. Present

7. Candle
E F G
8. Guest

9. Clown

10. Wrapping paper

H I J

B. Complete the sentences using the words provided above.

1. I don’t want a boring party. I will call a .

2. It’s not Halloween if we don’t have a party.
3. If you are hiring a , then be sure to ask them about their ideas
and experiences with baby showers.
4. They are going to give me a lovely , but I cannot guess what it
will be.
5. Don’t forget to make a wish before blowing out the .

7
GRAMMAR – will vs. be going to
WILL
 Certainty about the future
 Emily will pass this level; she has the highest scores of the class.
 I won’t go out tonight, I have to do a lot of homework.
 Decisions taking at the moment
 It is so hot! I will have a shower.
 Look at over there! There is a piece of cake. I will have it!
 Promises
 I swear, I will never forget your birthday again!
 She promises, she won’t be late again!
 Making predictions
 Will / won’t is used when we are guessing about the future.

QUESTION SHORT
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE
ANSWERS
I will get married I won’t get married. Will I get married? Yes, I will.
You will get married. You won’t get married. Will You get married? No, I won’t.
He will get married. He won’t get married. Will He get married? Yes, he will.
She will get She won’t get Will She get married? No, she won’t.
married. It will get married. It won’t get Will It get married? Yes, it will
married. married.
We will get married. We won’t get married. Will We get married? Yes, we will
You will get You won’t get Will they get married? No, they won’t
married. married.
They will get married. They won’t get married.

BE GOING TO

 Intentions and future plans: When the decision has been made previously.
 Sheila is going to be a ballerina; she is studying at Royal Academy of Dance.
 We are going to start our diet with an easy veggie recipe.
 Making predictions: when there is evidence about what is going to happen
 Michelle is the best student in the class. She is going to pass this course easily.
 Look at that lightning on the sky! It is going to rain tonight.

SHORT
AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE QUESTION
ANSWERS
I’m going to travel I’m not going to travel. Am I going to travel? Yes, I am.
You’re going to You’re not going to travel. Are you going to travel? No, I’m not.
travel.
He’s going to travel. He’s not going to travel. Is he going to travel? Yes, he is.
She’s going to travel. She’s not going to travel. Is she going to travel? No, she’s not.
It’s going to travel. It’s not going to travel. Is it going to travel? Yes, it is.
We’re going to travel We’re not going to travel. Are we going to travel? Yes, we are
They’re going to They’re not going to Are they going to travel? No, they aren’t.
travel. travel.
8
GRAMMAR EXERCISES

C. Write the correct form of “will”, there are affirmative, negative and
interrogative forms.

a. She ten love letters tonight. (write)

b. you dinner? (make)
c. We the lottery. (not/win)
d. Andrew didn’t study last night. I think he the exam.
(not/pass)
e. I am really tired. I some sleep. (get)
f. I don’t understand Spanish. you the book for me?
(translate)
g. I am sorry mom, I promise. I home late again. (not/come)
h. I don’t like that type of music so I to the concert.
(not/go)
i. You are the best you forever. (love)
j. I am worried about Annie, I her tonight. (call)

D. Read the exercise carefully. Find the mistake and correct the sentences using
future simple will.

a. Will cut you the grass?

b. I not will work in the garden.
c. I will clean the windows.
d. Do the Scotts will build a new house?
e. They won’t have a house.
f. They will rent a flat.
g. Will your dad watching football match?
h. He will stay not at home.
i. My parents won’t do some shopping.

E. Read the following statements carefully and circle the correct option “will or
be going to” form.

a. She will / is going to graduate next year.

b. I will / am going to meet your dad tomorrow afternoon.
c. Who do you think will / is going to win the championship?
d. He is very hard-working. I think he will / am going to be very successful.
e. I don’t think that she will / is going to recognize me.
f. Careful! You will / are going to to fall.
g. She will / is going to graduate next year.
h. I bought the tickets. I will / am going to travel tomorrow afternoon.
i. Will / are going to you marry me?

9
 READING
Demi’s Next Weekend
F. Read about Demi’s next
weekend and answer the
I’m very happy about next weekend because I will visit questions.
my friend Jenny, we will do many things. We will go
together to the cinema. I like horror movies but Jenny 1. What movie will they watch?
doesn’t, so we won’t see that type of films, we will
probably see a comedy.
2. What will they eat after the movie?
After the movie we will go to eat sushi, we also want to go
to the mall, Jenny will buy sandals for the summer but I 3. What will Jenny buy at the mall?
will not buy anything because I don’t have money, but
during the week I will buy what I need. After the mall
Jenny will come to my house because we will have a 4. What will Jenny drink in the pajama
pajama party, we will eat popcorn and drink Coke, ah…. party?
Jenny won’t drink Coke because she doesn’t like it, she
will drink Fanta, her favorite drink.
5. What time will they go to bed?
We will also play cards, listen to music and do the mails.
We will not go to bed late, we will go to sleep at 10:00 pm 6.What will they do during the pajama
because we will go to mass early next morning. I am so party?
glad to see her I will take so many pictures for my diary
and I will buy a diary for her so she won’t forget about
our friendship. G. Are these sentences true
(T) or false (F)?

1. Demi is going to visit

her sister. T/F
2. Jenny is going to watch
a horror movie.
T/ F
3. After the movie they will
eat popcorn. T/F
H. SPEAKING
4. Jenny is going to
PAIRS. Think of answers to these questions. Then tell your buy sandals. T/F
classmate about your future meeting with a friend. Use 5. Jenny is going to buy a
the answers to the questions below. diary for her friend.T/F

Are you going to meet someone? Expressions

Yes, I will go to the movies.
Will you have a plan for today? which one?
Will you take your friend on a trip?
Are you going to do something fun? Will you have plans for today?

10
 Lesson 1B Making Arrangements
Present Continuous for arrangements
Expressions
How about another time?
I hope it goes well. Enjoy it!
We will make it up to you ano
VOCABULARY – expression for accepting or rejecting
A. Read the following expressions.
Inviting

Would you like to join me for dinner tomorrow?

I'd like to ask you to attend the open ceremonies next week.
Let’s fix up a meeting Are you free on Friday?
Why don’t we go to that new exhibit at the museum? How about going to that festival together on Saturday?

1. Thank you! I'd be delighted to. 1. I'm afraid I'm busy tonight.
2. That would be nice/lovely/great. 2. I’ll be there for sure.
3. That sounds like fun! 3. I am not able.
4. Yes, let's do it. 4. I'm terribly sorry. I have other plans.
5. Awesome, I’ll look forward to it. 5. Unfortunately, I can’t…
6. I’ll be there for sure. 6. I wish I could join you but…

B. Complete the next exercise using accepting or rejecting expressions.

Informal: Inviting to do some activities (movies, bowling, shopping, dinner)

Person 1: .
Person 2: .
Person 1: .
Person 2: .

Formal: Inviting to a business event (work reunion, gallery event, art exhibition)
Person 1: .
Person 2: .
Person 1: .
Person 2: .

11
GRAMMAR – present continuous for arrangements
Time expressions
 To talk about future arrangements. A future right now
arrangement is a plan that you have decided and today
tonight
organized with another person. tomorrow
 Sometimes the arrangement is between a person and this morning
this week
a group of people, or an organization or company. this month
this year
this semester
Examples: these days
in 2023 (or other year)
 We’re doing a English exam in two days. the day after tomorrow
 She’s studying at Bethan’s house this evening.
 I'm spending Christmas and New Year with my mom and dad.

Affirmative Negative
I’m going to school this week I’m going to school this week
You’re going to school this week You’re going to school this week
He’s going to school this week He’s going to school this week
She’s going to school this week She’s going to school this week
It’s going to school this week It’s going to school this week
We’re going to school this week We’re going to school this week
They’re going to school this week They’re going to school this week

Question Short answer

Am I going to school this week? Yes, I’m
Are you going to school this week? No, I am not
Is he going to school this week? Yes, He’s
Is she going to school this week? No, she isn’t
Is it going to school this week? Yes,It’s
Are we going to school this week? Yes, We’re
Are they going to school this week? No, They’re not

Remember:
Certain verbs, actions or situations in sentences cannot be used with the
present continuous with future meaning because they are not part of a
plan, an arrangement or an intention. The present continuous tense for the
future can only be used when an action or situation can logically be planned
in advance.

Example:
 He’s having an accident in December. Is NOT possible

12
PRACTICE
C. Read the sentences and fill in the spaces with the right form of the verbs in the box.
Using Present continuous in affirmative, negative and question form.

Example: He is driving to work now. (drive)

a. Jorge some flowers in the garden. (collect)

b. Paula and Jazmin in the country. (run)
c. She her apartment. (clean)
d. We our victory with some friends. (celebrate)
e. Karla her grandparents in Babahoyo. (visit)
f. I for the bus. I’m calling my parents now. (not/ wait)
g. you a horror movie? (watch)

D. Match the phrase. Read the sentences and fill in the spaces with the right number.

a. She her friends tomorrow. 1. Are going

b. I a party for my birthday. 2. Am having

c. What next Monday? 3. Are you playing

d. I anything this evening. 4. Are they going

e. My brother home tonight. 5. Am not doing

f. They on holiday next week. 6. Are going

g. What on Saturday night? 7. Are you doing

h. I anything this evening. 8. Is staying

i. Where this weekend? 9. Am not doing

j. We to school next week. 10. Is not meeting

k. badminton tomorrow? 11. Are you doing

13
 READING – Sarah and Peter in Japan
E. Read the text about this coupe traveling to Japan. Then answer the following questions.

Where are they flying?

Peter in Japan

are flying to Japan. We have many plans for this 3-week trip. The first week, we’re going
What are to doing
they the ancient cities
the first of Nara
week?
ansen (or bullet train) from Kyoto to Osaka and from that city to Tokyo.

also exploring famous cites like Shinjuku and Shibuya. During the trip we won’t
Why miss
arethe Japanese
they cuisine.
traveling We’re star
to Tokyo?

drink, and many products are made of it: cakes, candies, soups and more. We´re getting a bit of those, too.
What are they eating during the trip?

Why are they going to the Tsukiji fish m

Retrieved from:UNAM

F. Read the following sentences. Answer True (T) or False (F).

1. the first week they are visiting Tsukiji fish market. .

2. The people were praying in the Sky Tree’s deck. .
3. They don’t want to try Japanese cuisine during the trip. .
4. Green tea is the popular drink. .
5. Fubu can be prepared by any Japanese. .

14
 WRITING - Itinerary

Preparation: Read the tips and the itinerary to New York.

Tips to improve writing

Write using capital letters correctly.

Apply precise punctuation

G. Are the sentences true or false?

1. The flight leaves at noon. T/F

2. Go to Central Park on Saturday. T/F

3. Visit the Empire State on Friday. T/F

4. Have dinner at a famous restaurant

on Wednesday. T/F Retrieved from: UNAM

5. Go to Ellis Island on Thursday. T/F

H. Write your own itinerary with sentences in the Present continuous.

Day 1: .

Day 2: .

Day 3: .

Day 4: .

Day 5: .

Day 6: .

Day 7: .
15
SPEAKING Role play
I. PAIRS. Work with a partner. Invite an old friend to have lunch with you. One of you is the
friend and the other is the invited.

Ask and answer questions.

Are you doing anything on Sunday?

Would you like to have lunch this weekend?

LISTENING – Study Abroad

J. Listen to the following audio about study abroad. Then choose a, b or c. (Track: Study
Abroad).

1. What will happen soon?

16
a. She will keep her job.
b. She will work in Europe.
c. She will quit her job.

2. Which languages will she study?

a. Spanish.
b. French.
c. Spanish and French.

3. What will she have problems doing?

a. Buying food.
b. Making friends.
c. Cooking.

4. Who will she miss?

a. Her family.
b. Her boyfriend.
c. Her friends.

5. When will she see her boyfriend?

a. He will visit her.

b. When she returns.
c. Never, they broke up.
Future Tenses in Action
Future in use: will/ be going to/ present continuous

VOCABULARY- Plans and goals

A. Look at the following pictures. Then choose a word that

match with them.
Vocabulary List

A donate clothes to charity B design a h

C drive a zero-emission vehicle
D stop being superstitious E clean out t
G make headway
H chase my dream
I manage money better
J be more confident
K get out of debt
L be financially independent

B. Match the phrases with the correct meaning. The teacher will guide the class.

Healthy eating plan b a. The status of having enough income.

Superstitious b. Give your body the nutrients it needs every day.
High quality items c. Vehicle that doesn’t emit exhaust gas or other
pollutants
Chase my dream d. Save money and pay all your bills.
Financially independent e. Having or showing a belief in superstitions.

Zero emission vehicle f. Adhering to an excellent standard of measure.

Get out of debt
g. Pursue a goal you wish to achieve.

17
GRAMMAR – Future in use
 Simple Future Tense is used to construct sentences about future time (time
after now).
 Subject + will + V1 (First Form of Verb)
Example:
 She will be a doctor soon.
 I will call him as soon as possible.

 To be going to refers to intentions and future plans that have already been decided.
 structure: Subject + to be + going to + verb + …
Example:
 I am going to the shop.
 We are going to visit your company today.

 We also use the present continuous to express future meaning.

 We use the verb “be “(am/is/are) + -ing- to form the present continuous.
Example:
 Carol is coming to my party tonight.
 We’re doing homework this weekend.

PRACTICE
C. You must identify among the future tenses: will, be going to, and present continuous
and put the verbs in the correct form.
Example: I will speak English fluently in six months.
We are going to the park.

a. My grandfather be 85 next week.

b. We go to the Grand Canyon.

c. You probably have a long retirement.

d. The number of older people increase.

e. I don’t know but I my old jeans. (wear) (use negative form)

f. I retire soon.

g. People live longer.

h. What you tonight? (wear)

i. Its late! What she ? (do)

18
WORK IN PAIRS
D. Complete with the right option in each conversation. Use will/ be going to/present
continuous.

1. A: My mother’s so happy. She (retire) next month.

B: Are you (have) a party for her?
19
A: Yes. Do you want to come to the party?
B: What’s the date?
A: June 16.
B: I have to check my calendar. I (let) you know later

2. A: I have to go to the airport. My grandparents’ plane

(arrive) at four o’clock this afternoon.
B: I (go) with you. I (stay) in the car while you go
into the airport.
A: Thanks.
B: How long are they (stay)?
A: They (come) because my sister (graduate) on
Sunday. After the graduation, they (visit) my cousins in
Denver.

3. A: Do you want to go for a cup of coffee?

B: Sorry. I don’t have time. I (visit) my grandfather this
afternoon. I (help) him with his computer. And I need to
return some books to the library.
A: Give them to me. I’m going that way on my way home. I

(return) them for you. Do you want to get together for coffee tomorrow?
B: I’m not sure. I (text) you tomorrow to let you know.
READING- Horoscope for teens
E. Read the text below and identify your horoscope.

F. Are these sentences true or false?

Cancer it’s time for crazy action. T/F

Aries you have got a new project or activity. T/F

Virgo won’t have time at the beginning of the week. T/F

Capricorn slow down on Friday and Saturday.T/F
Gemini Sunday’s a family day.T/F

20
 G. Read the text again and match the sentences with the star signs.

Must be careful with money on Friday. Virgo

Will have fun on Sunday. Cancer

Will meet a new person in the middle of the week. Leo

Will have to work on Sunday. Scorpio

Must be careful because they may have an accident on Friday. Aquarius

SPEAKING - PAIRS
Linkers
H. Talking about you and your plans for the future. Use the expressions:
Addition linkers AND / ALSO / TOO

Cause-effect linkers BECAUSE / SO

Contrast linkers BUT

I hope to…

WRITING – What are they doing?

I. Look at the picture and write a sentence
for each person about what are they doing.
Use present continuous form.
For example: Cindy is doing her math homework

21
Differences
Lesson 1Din future tenses
Find differences: will/ be going to/ present continuous

VOCABULARY – virtual and console games

A. Match the pictures with the words on your right.

Vocabulary List

A multiplayer 22

B wireless headphones

C joystick

D professional gamers

E decision-making

F Virtual reality

G Inventory

H Console

I Mission

B. Complete the sentences with the most appropriate vocabulary.

1. This competition won’t be for amateurs it’s only for .

2. We must have enough for this month.

3. I need to buy another my little brother broke it down.

4. I’m tired of messing with the cable when I exercise, I should use .

5. My new comes with 2 joystics and one game.

6. In the next I need to find my partner if I want to win.

C. WRITING: think about your favorite virtual game and answer the following questions; What is the
game about? How many levels it has? Can you play in multiplayer? What do you like the most?
GRAMMAR – Future tenses
 Will is used to express future actions decided at the moment of speaking while Going to
describes future plans decided before the moment of speaking.
Example:
 I‘ll have salad now. (will)
 I’m going to visit my aunt next Friday. (going to)
 Will is used to indicate a prediction based on personal opinions or experiences while going
to is used to express a prediction based on present evidence.
Example:
 I think United will win the game. (will)
 Look at those black clouds. It is going to rain. (going to)
 Will expresses a future fact; going to is used to describe something is about to happen.
Example:
 The sun will rise tomorrow. (will)
 Get back! The bomb is going to explode. (going to)

 Present Continuous Tense for The Future

Example:
 Mary’s studying in the library. (now)
 She’s studying at Bethan’s house this evening. (future)
 He’s arriving tomorrow morning about 7.30 (future)

 this afternoon
 tonight
 tomorrow
common future time words .
 tomorrow morning / afternoon/ evening / night, etc
 next week / month/ December / year, etc.
 the day after tomorrow
 the week / month / year, etc. after next
 in hours / days / weeks / months, etc.
 hours / days / weeks / months, etc. from now
 in 2020 (or other year)
 on Christmas day / November 24th (future date)

23
PRACTICE
D. Complete the sentences with the most appropriate form. Use the verbs from the box.

Have rain make fly drivego

Become beat have stay meetbuy

1. Please, buy some eggs. I..................................................a cake.

2.I've just missed my train! - No problem. I...................................you there.

3. My dad has already booked the holiday. We........................................to France on 2 July.

4. Not at five o'clock. Look at the diary. We.........................................Mr. Clark at three

o'clock.

5.Betty is going to driving lessons, because she..............................................a car.

6.I................................to the cinema tonight. I already have a ticket.

7.I can't eat anything today. I........................................an appointment at the hospital

tomorrow.

8. The Sharks are much better! I'm sure they..........................................the Dolphins today!

9. What does your son want to do in future? - I hope he...................................a dentist.

10. You look pretty tired. You should have a break. - OK. I.................................................a
rest.

11. You must take an umbrella. It ................................................................

12. Are you planning any summer holiday? - I don't know yet. Perhaps I.............................at
home.

24
 READING – Microsoft Aims to Buy Gaming Company
E. Read the conversation between Noah and Jacob. Then decide if the statements are
true or false.
Microsoft Aims to Buy Gaming Company
Are these sentences true
or false? in
Microsoft announced the agreement Tuesday and said it is expected to be completed Write T or F.
2023.
1. Microsoft
y, World of Warcraft and Candy Crush. Microsoft is the maker of the Xbox gaming system is
andselling the
is expected to add those
company Activision.
ke on other major videogame competitors like China’s Tencent and Japan’s Sony. Microsoft’s
2. The deal won’tXbox
needalready develops an
approval from the
government.
3. Microsoft is the maker of
PS gaming system.
4. The deal have been
already approved.
5. Microsoft’s Xbox already
develops and produces its
own games.
SPEAKING
GROUPS
F. Form groups of four, every student in the
Choose at least one game!
Each group have to describe the video gam
For example:
Our game is about shooting and constructio

Retrieved from: https://youtu.be/vFy8hOsToa4

LISTENING – Virtual Reality Gaming
G. Watch the following video. Write the missing words according to
the video. Use Will or Present continuous.

1.VR is a new system that this tick to a whole new

level. 2.I trip over wires I trip over my feet.
3.I need a break these robots .
4. We really real

25
Lesson 1E VOCABULARY BOOSTER
Planning a party We’re going to party this weekend.
WARM – UP Dance all night long Have a couple of d
Play party games
Imagine you are in a Birthday party. How many things can you name?

A. Label the clothing and personal items in these pictures.

B. WRITING: What are you going to have for you next celebration? 5 Sentences using the
vocabulary from exercise A or any other word related to planning a party.

26
 READING – Making plans

C. Read the following tips to improve you reading.

TIPS

Go back and re-read texts a second time and a third time.

Don't stop! When you arrive at an unfamiliar word then skip it and keep reading.
Look them up in a dictionary or ask someone.
When a question gives you multiple answers to choose from, try to answer the question without looking at the answers first

D. Read the dialogue about planning a birthday party.

Retrieved from: Quizlet Dialogue: Planning a Birthday

Party
E. Are these sentences true or false?
Carla: Hi! Are you ready to start decorating for the party?
1. Harry
Harry: is not
Yes, I'm ready
ready! for the
I hope Janesurprise
likes herparty.
surprise birthday party.
2. The decoration will be inside the house.
Carla: She will love our soccer theme. I asked all of our friends to wear a blue or
red 3. I make
soccer sure Come
jersey. the jerseys areto
with me bright and colorful.
the backyard so we can start decorating.
4. Carla made a chocolate cake.
Harry: Let's decorate the table first. I bought a party package that costs $15. The
5. They
package are going
includes to play
plates, cups,soccer at the
napkins, party
forks, spoons, and knives.
Carla: While you decorate the table, I will hang up the decorations.
Harry: I also bought some balloons! I made sure that they were very bright and
colorful. There are 12 of them in the package.
Carla: That sounds fantastic! We can tie the balloons to the table.
Harry: We can't forget about the soccer shaped cake! What flavor did you decide to 27
make?
Carla: I made a chocolate cake. I mixed the cake mix with three eggs, 1/2 cup of oil
and 1 cup of water. Then, I put it in the oven for half an hour.
Harry: It smells delicious! Now we can organize the backyard for the soccer game we
are going to play.
 F. Answer the following questions about the dialogue.
1. Who is helping Carla with the decorations?
.
2. What is Carla going to do with the balloons?
.
3. What are they going to do after decorating?
.

G. WRITING: Answer the following questions:

1. H. SPEAKING
Have you -ever
DISCUSSION
thrown a surprise party? If not, would you like to? For whom?
2. InShare
yourwith the class
opinion, your answers
how many from exercise
people should G. to a birthday party? Why?
be invited
3. Do you think that themed parties are more fun? Why? Why not?

I. LISTENING – Party Planning

Listen the audio about party planning and answer the following questions T/F

1. Ayako wants a baby grand piano for the Christmas party.

2. The baby grand piano will easily fit through the building doorway.

3. Sam suggests a solution for the problem.

4. Ayako has around 50 per cent flexibility with the budget.

5. Ayako accepts the upright piano when Sam suggests it.

28
I have to do my Homework Unit 2

Unit objective:
Learners will be able to
indicate their obligations
and possibilities for future
situations.

Learning outcome:
□ Inferring from
context
□ Producing piece of
writing.
□ Listening for specific
and general
information
□ Reading for specific
information
□ Point out actions to
avoid Covid 19
□ Share experiences
related to
quarantine

29
 UNIT 2I have to do my Homework
May, might, will, must, have to, need to

Digital Habits
May, might and will
VOCABULARY – Family Relationship
A. Match the words with the pictures in the box.

List of words

A childhood

B parents

C raising kids D role models

F. Over-protective

B. Match the phrases with the correct meaning. The teacher will guide the class.

Parents c a. A person bringing up a child without a partner.

Childhood b. Having a tendency to protect someone
excessively.
Raising kids c. People who raise their children and meet their
needs.
Role models d. A person looked to by others as an example to be
imitated.
Single parent e. The period during which a person is a child.

Over - protective f. Take care a child until he is grown up.

30
 Expressions
GRAMMAR – May/ Might/ Will
Today
PROBABILITY IN FUTURE Tomorrow….
WILL/ WON´T Soon…
Someday…
 It is used for situations that are certain to happen. This... (afternoon,
 When you believe in something or you are confident it week, month, etc.)
can happen. Next… (week, year,
month, etc.)
Negative: WILL NOT=WON´T
Structure: Subject +will/won´t+ infinitive verb

Example:
 The sun will rise tomorrow.
 I will finish work at 5h00. (It is indicated in my schedule)
 Saray will be late. (She is always late)

POSSIBILITY IN FUTURE
MAY/MIGHT
 MAY and MIGHT are used for situations in future, which have a possibility to
happen but you are not sure about it. They have a slight possibility to happen.

Negative: MAY NOT / MIGHT NOT

Structure:
Subject + may/may not + infinitive verb
Example: Subject + might/might not + infinitive
 It might rain tomorrow. (Not sure about it)
 I may go on vacation to London. (I haven’t bought any ticket)
 It is such a sunny day! It might not rain tonight.

PRACTICE
C. Fill in the spaces with the most suitable modal verb. May/might/will.

1. She is ill. She be at the party(impossible)

2. Tom be tired when he arrives to Edinburg(probable)
3. It snow during the week(probable)
4. One day they find life on other planets (slightly possible)
5. We ever know everything(impossible)
6. The man in the photograph be my grandfather(probable)
7. He recover his sight after the surgery(possible)
8. She lend us the money we need (slightly possible)
9. He become a better piano player than his teacher(probable)

31
 10. We ask permission before doing it (slightly possible)
D. Put the words in order and create sentences using the future.

1. on / more / he / spend / time / homework/ might / his

.
2. directions / the / will / for / tourists / ask

.
3. work / you / prepare / your / might / carefully / more

.
4. moment / they / this / remember / beautiful / forever / will

.
5. the / might / you / package / take / to / office / this / post

READING- Raising the smartphone generation

E. Read the new research into how parents and children manage their digital habits.
Raising the smartphone generation

Parents worry about their children becoming addicted

to games, how digital devices will affect them mentally,
physically and socially as well as how they might
impact their privacy and security.

But parents are also responsible for the example they

set with their own digital habits. Most important,
95% of
parents try to encourage positive behaviors in their household by not allowing devices to
be taken to bed (55%), setting rules that apply not just to the kids but the whole family
(54%) and making dedicated, screen-free, device-free family time (51%). According to
this research, the amount of time parents spend on devices has a direct impact on the
amount of time their children do. In fact, the most important factor may well be how
sensitive parents are to their own performance as both role models and regulators.

For instance, the data reveals that parents who regularly use their devices during meals
are more likely to think they are better role models and less likely to place limitations on
their child’s usage. No matter where people are raising kids, they’re embracing new
digital behaviors in a meaningful way. And in every case, the digital habits of parents and
children are interlinked.

Retrieved from: Kaspersky

32
F. Read again and answer the questions.

WRITING – Make predictions

1. What worries parents about smartphones?
G. Write a paragraph 70-100 words with some predictions about: How will the world
be in 2050? How will traveling be? How will learning be? How about social life and
sports? How about pets? How will working life be? Watch the video so you can have
a better idea.parents
2. Why Retrieved
arefrom: https://for
responsible www.youtube.com/watch?v=ABrjdyavqkI
their children’s digital habits?

3. What are the measures that parents take to improve digital habits?

4. What do you think about setting rules for the use of devices to the
whole family?

5. Do you think the digital habits of parents and children are

interlinked? Why?

33
 LISTENING – Dialogues. (Track: L2 dialogue).

H. Listen and complete the blank spaces of three conversations using modals of
probability. Then, check your answers with the teacher.

Conversation #1
A: you be in the office
Monday? B: I . Why?
A: Do you think you’ll have time
to help me?
B: I . I have a lot to do that Conversation #3
day, though. B: Have you seen this? You like
A: OK, I will check with you then. I this? A: What is it?
even need B: It’s a watch that counts calories as you
you. B: OK, let me walk.
know. A: Not sure why I need this.
B: Well, you said you are on a diet!
Conversation #2 It
A: When will you retire? motivate you to walk more.
B: I retire this A: Yeah, I suppose it help me
year. lose weight.
B: It ! You never know!
A: Really so soon. What you
do with yourself?
B: I probably travel for a year.
A: And what you do after that?
B: I’ll probably come home and
take up golf!

SPEAKING – probabilities and possibilities

I. Share with your teacher and classmates the ideas you wrote in Exercise G.

34
 Do and Don’ts
Lesson 2B
Must, have to, need to

VOCABULARY – Covid-19

A. Match the sentences with the pictures. How many can you recognize?

asymptomatichygienepandemic maskvaccinevirus diagnose social-distancing

coughing
B. Complete the sentences using the vocabulary above.
A fluoccurred three times in the last century.
I'm not a vet so I can't.
Theis transmitted to humans by mosquito bites.
This test should only be performed on an
patient.
Theis injected into the upper arm.
is a public health practice.
It's been almost a week and she hasn't beentoday.
He wore aand spent a lot of time in the apartment.
He is meticulous about.

35
GRAMMAR – Must, have to, need to
MUST
 It is used for actions that are obligations. Must not= mustn´t
 It is a command or order to not do something.
 Shows a stronger obligation than others.
 Something that is prohibited.

Example:
 He must stop eating sugar, he has diabetes. We must pay the fine.
 You mustn´t lie to him
 She mustn´t go there.
 You mustn´t drive so fast.

Don’t /doesn
HAVE TO ´t have to
 It is used for actions that are obligations.
 The negative form of "have to" expresses the idea that something is not required.

Example:
 I have to get up early. She has to eat a lot of vegetables.
 We have to leave at 7h00 pm.
 She doesn’t have to go there.
 We don’t have to eat it.

Don´t/doesn
NEED TO ´t need
 to express that something is important for you to do.
 Use the negative form of "need to" to express that something isn't necessary, but
possible. At times, English speakers use "don't need to" to express that they don't
expect someone to do something.

Example:
 She needs to sleep more. They need to buy a new phone.
• She doesn’t need to go there.
 We don’t need to eat it.

36
PRACTICE
C. Complete the sentences with affirmative or negative form of must/ have to/ need to.

1. Students look at their notes during the test.

D. Complete these sentences. Use needn't or don't have to and the words from the box.
2. I can give you my car, so you buy a new one.

3. They be in a hurry, because they have got more than enough time.
worry wear do tell help
4. You stop at the
work gored light.call be use

5. Jim can't see very well. He....................wear glasses.

1.6. Sarah
You glasses,
stop smoking. It is because she wears contact lenses.
very harmful.
37
2.7. You
Tomorrow is Sunday. You getI'll
upget theearly.
very tickets for you.

3. It's a holiday tomorrow. We .

4. I have plenty of time. You it now.

5. You me with the housework. I'll do it on my own.

6. We dad about it. Do you agree?

7. Most students in America uniforms.

8. I am Ben. You me Mr. Clark.

9. We in the office at the same time. Our boss told us.

10. Spanish children to school for three months in summer.

 READING - Covid-19: Do and Don’ts

E. Read the following article about covid-19.

The coronavirus

Coronaviruses were discovered in the 1960s. They

are a group of viruses that cause diseases in
mammals and birds. In humans, coronaviruses
cause respiratory tract infections that are typically
mild, such as the common cold. At the end of 2019,
a new type of coronavirus started spreading in
China. This type of coronavirus is often called 2019-
nCoV, novel coronavirus, or COVID-19.

It is believed that the virus was transmitted from animals to humans. Some of the
first cases were diagnosed in people who had visited a market selling live seafood
and animals. Unfortunately, when viruses are transmitted from animals to people, it
can take scientists a lot of time before they can develop a vaccine or medicines to
cure it.

Some of the symptoms of the coronavirus are fever, cough, runny nose, sore throat,
headache, and trouble breathing. These symptoms are very much like those people
have with a cold or the flu. The virus can be more serious in some people, especially if
they are sick or have health problems. Some early reports reveal that children seem
to be getting coronavirus at much lower rates than adults. Doctors can relieve
symptoms by prescribing pain or fever medication. As far as antibiotics are
concerned, they are useless to treat coronavirus.

Retrieved from: myenglishpages

F. Read again and answer the following questions.

1. What causes coronaviruses?

2. Why does it take so long for scientists to develop a vaccine?

3. Which are the symptoms of the coronavirus?

4. In which people does the virus attack more?

38
 WRITING – Prohibitions and obligations
G. Make a list of the prohibitions and obligations to prevent covid-19. Use the
affirmative or negative form of must / have to / need to. It must be done in
50 words in length.

LISTENING- safe steps covid-19

H. Watch the following video and answer the questions true or false.
Retrieved from: https://youtu.be/eg1ixwE6XBw

Stomachache is one of the coronavirus symptoms.

You must avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth.
Maintain one meter between yourself and someone who is ill.
When you cough or sneeze cover your mouth with your hands.
If you have symptoms stay calm and drink hot lemonade.

SPEAKING – Prevention
I. Share with your teacher and classmates what you wrote in Exercise G.

39
Then and2C
Lesson now
Had to, needed to

WARM-UP – COVID-19

A. Look at the picture and share your ideas about the following question

What changes did you have in your life because of COVID-19?

VOCABULARY – Daily routines during COVID- 19

B. Label the pictures with the most suitable option form the box (more than an
answer is possible)

Be Informed
Eat nutritiously
Establish a dedicated workspace
Exercise regularly
Have at least one personal conversation a day
Keep immune systems strong
Maintain a sleep schedule
Set work hours
Spend time outdoors each day

C. Use 5 phrases from the vocabulary and create sentences about the routines you did
or didn’t do during the COVID 19 lockdown. Use the modals to express obligations
in past.

40
 READING – COVID-19 changed my life

D. Read the text above and make a list about Sokhan´s life after and before covid-19
lockdown.

COVID-19 changed my life

Sokhan is a 17-year-old girl from Siem Reap province, Cambodia,
she shares how COVID-19 has impacted her family’s lives.
My ordinary life changed completely because of the COVID-19
pandemic. Before COVID-19, my family was dependent on my
father as the main breadwinner and income earner. He had to
work as a construction worker and me aside from being a grade
12 student, I only needed to take care of my younger siblings and
my house.
Income and education affected
My family and I had to face a wide range of challenges since COVID-19 hit Cambodia. Not only
my father´s job was suspended and we didn´t have our daily support for living, but my
education was also affected.
In 2021 I needed to take a national exam and distance learning was not a good alternative for
me because I had to rely on Facebook Messenger for studying. I found it difficult to fully
comprehend the lessons compared to being in schools where I could learn directly from the
teachers. Also, I felt under pressure because I lacked the time to study as much as I needed to,
because I had to do the housework and looked after my younger siblings.
Going out to work
Since my family’s economic condition was worse, I had to go to work in the Cambodia-Thai
border province to earn some income to support my family. At that time, I was concerned
about the well-being of my family since my father was staying at home. He did not really know
how to take care of my siblings.
Nowadays, I expect that life will go back to normal so I can go back to school. If the COVID-19
situation remains, I will have to stay here to work because we do not have money.

Adapted from: https://plan-international.org/cambodia/case-studies/covid-19-changed-my-

life-2/

E. Read again and answer the following questions:

1. What is this reading about?

1. Who did she and her family depend on?

1. Which were the challenges that they faced?

1. Why did she has to work?

1. What is she expecting for the future?

41
GRAMMAR – Modals to express obligations in past
 Used to describe past obligations.
PresentPast
Have tohad to
Has tohad to
Need toneeded to

 When referring to a prohibition in past, used the auxiliary for negative forms in
past. Must is not allowed to be used in past form as an obligation.
Did not have to / didn´t have to
Did not need to/ didn’t need to

Examples:
I had to past that exam, now I failed the course
I needed to go to the doctor’s appointment, but the traffic jam was terrible

PRACTICE.
F. Read the statements carefully and fill in the spaces with the right form of the
modal in past had to.

1. I / lay the table this morning (+) .

2. Raul / get up at 6 this morning (-) .
3. She / do the cooking (?) ?
4. I / do anything till lunchtime (-) .
5. We / stay at home last night (+) .
6. They / call the police (?) ?
7. He / walk to school (-) .
8. I / consult a doctor (+) .
9. You / show your passport at the airport (?) ?

G. Read the exercise carefully. Find the mistake and rewrite the sentences that are
incorrect. Use the modals in past.
You don’t needed to say sorry; it was not required.
You did have to tell the boss the true.
I didn’t have to wear a formal suit for my last meeting.
He didn’t have to drink alcohol on the street.
Do you had to come late?
Yesterday was a holiday. I needed to work.
You had to put too much salt on my food.
I didn’t have to wear my uniform every day.

42
 H. Fill in the spaces with the right form of modals for obligations. Read carefully
because there are in present and past forms.
Tina can´t see clearly, so shewear glasses.
My mom is a successful business woman, so shetravel a lot to get products.
When my husband was at college, heread a lot of books because he was studying laws.
It is an informal gathering, youbring a present.
My friendsget up early tomorrow, they don’t have classes early.
My fathers can not go to their second honeymoon to Florida, because my dad
do some overtime hours at work.
Lucy could not go to the cinema; because shelook after her sister.
Yesterday Carolineclean her car, because it was raining really hard.

WRITING – COVID-19

I. Imagine you and Sokhan are becoming friends. Then, type an email, in which you
introduce yourself briefly and describe the changes in your routine and life in
general that you have suffered because of the covid 19. The email needs to be done
in 150 words and it mainly must use past tenses and modals to describe past
obligation.

LISTENING
 … – COVID-19

J. Listen about mayors scold people not following lockdown and answer true or
false.

1. Italy is one of the countries less affected by COVID – 19.

2. Italy has over 83,000 cases of infections.
3.There have also been more that 8,000 deaths.
4. Everyone is following the rules.
5.Three quarters of the world is in lockdown.
6. Italians started a worldwide trend of singing from their balcony.

43
Lesson 2D English in use!
Linking words

WARM UP – READING – Robert’s working day

A. Read the text below and answer the following questions

Robert’s working day

My working day starts in the morning. From
Monday to Friday, I give classes at the
university and from Saturday to Sunday I
work in my own store. During the week I get
up at half past five and I have a shower and a
nice breakfast. I usually leave the house at
ten past six I have my own car so I drive to
work. I get to the university at about seven
thirty and start work. I have a break in my
classes at half past one in the afternoon and
finishes at two o clock. Then I start my
afternoon classes until seven fifteen in the
night. After that, I go home and take my wife
and daughter to eat
dinner in the shopping mall. When I get home at half past nine I take a shower and brush my
teeth before going to bed. When I don’t want to sleep early I love to watch series on Netflix
or spend some time watching the social networks I also love to read books about horror
stories or mystery.
In the weekends I work with my wife we get home at half past 8 in the evening and I cook
dinner. We stay at home in the evening. We don't go out on Saturdays but on Sundays we
usually go out to the movies or take our daughter to do something fun, also we love to eat
sushi or go to a nice restaurant. After that we watch television and then I go to bed at half
past nine, I'm usually asleep by ten o'clock.

1. How does Robert get to the University?

2. Which are Robert’s jobs?

3. How long does Robert work in the University?

4. What is Robert doing after classes?

5. What activities does Robert do on the weekend?

44
GRAMMAR – Linking words
Linking words for adding ideas and information

 Linking words are used to show relationship between ideas. They help to join 2 or more sentences.

Also Besides / Besides As well as this/ As well as

this Beside that that
to give more information or This is usually placed at the It is usually placed at the
ideas. beginning of a sentence. It is beginning of a sentence. It is
It can be put at the beginning used to make an additional used to make an additional
of a sentence, or between the point. point.
subject and the verb.

Examples
I want to be an astronaut. Also, Traffic congestion is a We went to the park
I want to be a biologist. What problem in my city. Besides today. As well as that, we
should I do? this, the trains are very did some shopping.
expensive.

PRACTICE:
B. Read the statement and fill in the spaces with the suitable linker.

Both intermediaries were in a most conciliatory mood, and, they were friends.
As you can see there is nothing elsenumber.
The lawyeragreed with the judge.
Mandy likes reading many books, she wants to be a writer.
I wish I had something pretty to wearrobe.
He works very hard and hegoes to university every night.

C. Read carefully the two sides of the table and use the linkers to connect those ideas.

We can go to the spa together. We can play videogames all day or watch movies.
This house needs cleaning. It needs new furniture.
They want fish and chips. I could help you to clean the house if you like.
I’m not busy today, we can go to the mall. We could invite Jenny this time.
You should have a barbecue party. They want a cold soda.

45
  …

 …

 …

 …

 …

D. Make 6 statements about yourself and your daily life in which you use the linkers
words for adding ideas. 2 sentences about going to the University – 2 about going on a
trip and 2 about visiting my grandparents.

 …
WRITING AND SPEAKING – My working day
 …
E. Prepare
 … a short presentation in which you have to describe your routines during your
working day. Use the vocabulary covered in this unit and include the as many as linker
 …
words you can use. Then, share it with the whole class.
 …

……

46
VOCABULARY
Lesson 2E BOOSTER
Modals in action

VOCABULARY- Technology

A. Look at pictures. Then choose a word in the box that match with them.

tablet
computer
laptop
text message
mobile
games
mouse
Wi-Fi
keyboard
webpage
e-mail
headphones

B. Complete the sentences with the correct word. See the box in Exercise A.

1. Turn off the I can’t write more something is 47

wrong with my .
2. My dad is not answering the I’m going to leave a .

3. I’m so tired of playing the same also my are broken

I can’t hear anything.

4. The internet is too slow, you must reset your .

5. All the grades will be published on the UTB I’ll send you the link.
 DEVELOPMENT – Strategies to Improve Listening Skills
There are different ways to improve regarding listening activities. Here we will show you the
important ones in order you will be better and better.

1. Apps: In your smartphones, you will find a variety of apps that could help you to improve in
listening. Here are our recommendations:

2. Social Media: Yes, the social media we constantly review, in our daily life could help us to
improve a better English level. There are some English learning tools developed by users or
influencers that could help us. So, let’s go to Tik Tok, Instagram (reels) or Facebook watch to
have fun while listening English.

3. YouTube: In this app we could watch music videos, conferences like Ted Talk, reviews,
movies, among other contents. We have to risk ourselves to select more content in English
language:

48
4. Podcast: In the store, there are some apps that contain podcast about entertaining topics we
are related in our daily life. Spotify and Apple Music also contains a great quantity of podcast
that we could explore.

5. Streaming Apps: Nowadays, we all have used platforms like Netflix, Disney+, HBO Max,
YouTube, Prime Video, among others. Those streaming apps have a big catalogue of content for
all the tastes, ages or people. Try to watch movies, TV shows or series in English, to encourage
yourself of understanding the language more and more.

49
 LISTENING – Digital Resources

C. In groups watch the video and follow the next steps.

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-WyvuMsMKEk&t=14s
The activity consists in:

1. Review the audio/video, as long as you need.

2. Identify the main idea of the audio/video

3. Write three supporting ideas of the content.

4. Make a brainstorming of new words and phrases.

5. Make a group conclusion about the content you have selected.

D. Listen the audio one more time and answer true or false.

1. Residents of Philippines are racing to get out after two months of lockdown.
2. It is very easy to get out the city all the transports are available.
3. The train station parking lot has become a camp site.
4. Residents are doubtful about returning to normal.
5. 25 million of people are finally able to step outside the city.

E. WRITING AND SPEAKING: From the reading above select at least 2 strategies that you like
the most and explain why are your favorites?
First strategy

Second strategy

50
LIFE IS SO GOOD! Unit 3

Unit objective:
Learners will be able
to describe how
situations occur and
grade its intensity

Learning outcome:
□ Inferring
from context
□ Producing piece
of writing.
□ Listening for
specific and
general
information
□ Mentioning their
work strengths
and weaknesses
□ Reading for
specific and
general
information
□ Identifying key
questions in
job interviews.

51
 UNIT 3 LIFE IS SO GOOD!
May, might and will; must, have to and need to

Lesson 3A I need a job!

Intensifiers: too, very and enough

WARM UP - Part time Job

A. Look at the picture and share with your classmates your opinion about this question

Would you like to Where will

work at home or you work in
in an office? the future?

VOCABULARY- Work and employment

B. Read the definitions carefully and match them with the right word.

a) Apprentice a person who is learning and practicing the skills of a particular job:
b) Internship a system in which different groups of workers work somewhere at
different times of the day and night:
c) Minimum a period in which a woman is legally allowed to be absent from work in
wage the weeks before and after she gives birth.
d) Flextime A person who is learning by practical experience under skilled workers.
e) Part-time a system of working in which people work a set number of hours within
a fixed period of time, but can change the time they start or finish work
f) Overtime time worked in addition to your usual job hours:
g) Shift work money that a company pays to workers who have lost their jobs because
they are no longer needed
h) Maternity the smallest amount of money that employers are legally allowed to pay
leave someone who works for them:
i) Redundancy If you work part-time or do part-time work, you work for only some of
payment the day or the week:
j) Trainee a period of time during which someone works for a company or
organization in order to get experience of a particular type of work

52
 C. Fill in the space with the most suitable word from the table above.
can’t be achieved in all industries and professions, but for most creative and intellectual workers flexibility
Theis tax-free. If you receive a lump sum in compensation for the loss of employment, part of it may be tax-f
Any hours worked by an employee which exceed the standard 40-hour work week are subject toremunerat
Employers generally have to pay workers the highestprescribed by federal, state or local laws.
You must take at least 2 weeksbefore your baby is due, and at least 4 weeks after the baby is born.
In this company ais typically responsible for handling various work-related tasks while learning on the job.

VOCABULARY- Work and employment

D. Watch the video and answer the following question

What is this video about?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JOwisVheWfE

E. Watch the video again and select the right option for each statement

1. Who is Sean Lee Rice?

a. A member of a social media group.
b. CEO & Founder of Schej Ltd.
c. He is an employee.

2. What is the biggest challenge 3. If you work two days in an office two day a
with hybrid working? week, what chances you have to miss a
a. Commuting meeting?
b. Paying people a. 80%
c. Organizing meeting b. 85%
c. 90%

3. What are the things that shouldn´t be expected when doing hybrid work?
a. Great productivity.
b. More colleague happiness
c. Good work environment
d. Collaboration and creativity
a. She is going to start a business

53
GRAMMAR – Intensifiers: too, very and enough
 Too: We use too and very to modify the meaning of adjectives and adverbs. Too and Very are used bef
I don't like this pub. It is too noisy and there are too many people.

 Very: It intensifies the strength of adjective or adverb and cannot be used with 'extreme' adjectives
It is very hot today.

 Enough: It describes an adequate or necessary amount. It can also be used with Not, to refer to someth
She ate enough fruits to be healthy.

PRACTICE
F. Fill in the space with the most suitable intensifier (too/very/enough)

G. Rewrite the sentences using either VER, TOO or ENOUGH

I have had so much to eat today, that I couldn’t eat another bite We can´t see anything there is no lighting in
The room is not hot. Maybe we should turn up the heat

That movie wasn´t scary in my opinion, but seemed terrified Indian food is spicy, I can´t have a lot of that or

54
 H. Write a short story using the intensifiers (very/too/enough), write five statements in past,
present or future forms, be as short as possible.

I. Choose the right option

 …

SPEAKING – My first job

J. Prepare a speech about your first job if you haven´t worked yet where would you like
it would be your first job? In this activity, you have to use the vocabulary and
intensifiers of this lesson. The presentation must be done in 1-minute in length.

55
 Lesson 3B A job interview
Intensifiers: quite, so, at all.

WARM UP – Describing

A. Look at the picture and share with your classmates your opinion about this question

What do you think these people are doing? Why?

VOCABULARY – describing a city

B. Match the words with the right pictures.

Employer Employee Interviewer Hire Qualification Strength Weakness

56
 VOCABULARY – an interview
C. Watch the video and order the question according to what you hear.

Why did you leave your last job?

()
 Tell me about yourself ()
 Do you have any experience working in a
kitchen?()
What kind of training is needed? ()
Do you have any questions for me? ()
What hours can you work? ()

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=naIkpQ_cIt0
D. Watch the video again and answer these questions

a. Does she like to learn new things?

Yes . No Doesn´t say

b. Where was her last job?

Landyard. Vineyard Graveyard

c.How many days a week did she used to work?

2 . Doesn’t say 4

d. What is his biggest strength?

Attention . Punctuality Extra confident

e. Did she land the job?

Yes. No Doesn´t say

f.Is she worried for the training needed?

Yes . No Doesn´t say

g. What is the schedule that she is capable to work at?

8h00 to 5h00 . 9h00 to 5h00 10h00 to 5h00

57
GRAMMAR – Intensifiers: quite, so, at all
 Quite: It emphasizes something to a lesser degree. It adds a level of emphasis similar to the words rath
The shape of the island emerged on the horizon quite clearly.
 So: It modifies adjectives and adverbs to signify the extent of something. It is more casual than very. It
I am so impressed with your work.
 At all: It is used in negative sentences and expressions.
You didn’t make any notes at all?
I am not at all interested in your offer

PRACTICE
E. Choose the most suitable option to complete the blank space

I haven’t watched Tvlately.

QuiteSoAt all
The film wasgood but the book was much better.
QuiteSoAt all
Susan isfunny! She always makes me laugh.
QuiteSoAt all
I don’t like pop music.
QuiteSoAt all
They arecrazy people. I never know what they are going to do next.
QuiteSoAt all
She isattractive, but not what I'd call gorgeous.
QuiteSoAt all
The party was not fun.
QuiteSoAt all
Justin hasmuch money that he could buy that Aston Martin easily.
QuiteSoAt all
She livesnear me, so we can see each other often. QuiteSoAt all

58
 F. Put the intensifier in the right position inside the statement (quite/so/ at all)

The coffee was hot that I couldn't drink it.

There were far many people there.

It was good that I rushed out and bought it.

He was rude that I lost my temper.

Was it expensive to buy?

G. Use your life experience to make statements using the intensifiers (quite/so/at all),
write five statements in past, present or future forms.

 …
SPEAKING – Life in the countryside! - PAIRS

H. Work with a partner and perform a role-play about a

Job interview, in which student A will be the Director of the
Human Resources Department and student B will be the
applicant for the position. Both learners have to agree on the
position and the roles. Once the role-play will be done, they
have to change their roles.

59
Lesson 3C Movies
Adverbs of Manner

WARM-UP – Climbers and garbage

A. Look at the pictures and discuss the following questions with your classmates.

1. Have you seen these movies?

2. Did you enjoy them?
3. What are their genres?

VOCABULARY – Climbers and garbage

B. Match the words with its definition.

Cast a. A film, book, or play that develops the story of an earlier film, etc.
By telling you what happened before the events in the first film.
Character b. Someone who writes the story for a film.
Plot c. A person represented in a film, play, or story:
Prequel d. A man who performs stunts, especially instead of an actor in a
film or television program.
Scene e. A book, film, or play that continues the story of a previous book.
Screenwriter f. A part of a play or film in which the action stays in one place for a
continuous period of time.
Sequel g. The actors in a film, play, or show.
Stunt man h. The story of a book, film, play, etc.:

60
 READING – The Theory of Everything
C. Read the text and share with the class what genre you think this movie belongs to.
“The Theory of Everything”

We are all familiar with the story and with Steven Hawking. His
groundbreaking Book 'A brief History of Time' and devastating
disabilities propelled him irrevocably into the public consciousness and
immortal fame.

But few of us could understand the complexities of his personal life and
the shocking divorce in 1990 from his long sacrificing wife of more than
25 years. Indeed, that episode served to darken his reputation in the
minds of many, including myself, who felt ill at ease with anyone who
could leave a partner who had done so much for him just at the long-
awaited moment when international fame and recognition finally arrived.

This wonderful production, so well scripted and paced from start to finish, serves to explain that
vital anomaly in Hawking's life. And it is made all the rawer as it is based upon the account
written by his wife who had gone through so much.

But it is the breathtaking performance of Eddie Redmayne as Hawking that simply blasted this
film into an extraordinary level. It is difficult enough to mimic so famous a person as Hawking and
it is even more difficult to portray so accurately the debilitating and gradually increasing effects of
Motor Neuron Disease. But to transmit so clearly the profound emotions and inner suffering that
Hawking must have experienced in his agonizing journey was a performance that left me quite
speechless and at times in uncontrollable tears.

Have a good handkerchief ready to hand

Retrieved from: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2980516/reviews

D. Read the text again and answer the following questions with your own words
What is “A brief story in time”?

Have you seen this movie?

This movie is a drama a documentary a biopic or a comedy?

Do you agree with the writer when he says that Hawking is a very well recognized figure and why?

61
GRAMMAR – Adverbs of manner
 Adverbs of manner tell us how something happens. They are usually placed either after the main verb or

Spelling rules
Adverbs of manner are usually formed from adjectives by adding –ly: loud = loudly careful =carefully
When the adjective finishes in -y, use –ily easy = easily happy= happily
When adjectives end in -le : remove the "e" and add –Y. gentle= gently terrible= terribly
If adjectives end in –ly we use the phrase in a …. way to express manner Silly = He behaved in a silly way.

PRACTICE
E. Read the statement and fill in the blanks with the right adverb of manner.

F. 1. Order the explaining

She was words in the
thebox, decide if it is written
class as an about
sha talked adjective
the or adverb
war. (slow)
Slowly/
2. Dangerous/ Regular/
I drive in this road Fast/ Bad/, because
Funny/ Quick/ Hard/difficult
it is a very Lazy/ Angrily/ Hard/ Nice
road. (careful)
3. Jane was talking and even though she was really mad (calm /soft)
Adjective
4. I couldn’t understand the teacher, because she was speaking
Adverb
. (quick)
5. If you do something in a way you will catch the attention of the audience. (flash)
6. I can decide between the two options. (hard)
7. The team will do things because this client I important. (careful)

62
 G. Use your life experience to make statements using the adverbs of manners. Write five
statements in past, present or future forms.

 …
WRITING – Movie Time!
H. Write a summary about your favorite movie. You must include the reason you liked it.
This must be done in 150 words in length.

 …
SPEAKING – Movie time!
I. Based on the last activity. Create a presentation through pictures of your favorite
movie of all times. Present your movie to your classmates.

63
English
Lessonin3D
action!
Linking words

READING – Parrots humans and monogamy

A. Read the text above and select True or False

Monogamy is for humans only

Every animal is polygamous except for parrots
Parrots don´t like to be monogamous
Humans are monogamous and polygamous
Most animals don´t stick to a partner for their whole life
Parrots under very rare circumstances look for one partner

64
GRAMMAR – Linking words of contrast
 We use words and phrases to link two clauses together. We call them linking words of contrast.

Although, Even though, Though Despite, In spite of

Despite and in spite of go in front of nouns or

Although, even though and though go in gerunds. They can also go at the beginning or
front of a clause. They can go at the middle of sentences.
beginning or middle of a sentence.
**Gerund: verb +ing
Examples: Examples:

 Although James tried so hard to convince  My father is very healthy, despite not
his father, he didn´t let him go to the doing exercise so often.
party.

 He didn´t understand those math  In spite of receiving extra physic classes,

exercises, though his teacher explained he could not understand it clearly.
him for many hours.

 My friend did what she wanted, even  Despite traveling alone, she is dealing
though I gave her my suggestion. with the situation so well.

PRACTICE

B. Read the statement and fill in the spaces with the suitable linker.
it rained a lot, we enjoyed our holyday.
all our careful plans, a lot of things went wrong
I went to work the next dayI was still feeling un well
She accepted the jobsalary. which was pretty under average
They passed the examit seemed like it was difficult.
I managed to get to sleepthere was a lot of noise outside
I didn´t eat anythingthe fact I haven´t had breakfast.

65
 C. Use the prompts to make new sentences using the connector.

I couldn´t sleep. I was very tired. (despite)

They have very little money. They are happy (in spite of)

My foot was injured. I managed to walk home (although)

I enjoyed the film. The story was silly (in spite of)

We live in the same street. We hardly ever see each other (despite)

WRITING – It is pretty inspiring

D. Think about a situation of perseverance where the main character overcomes adversity use
as many connectors of contrast as you can and mark them.

Speaking– Coming
… through – GROUPS
E. Make a short video presentation where every member reads their story written above

66
VOCABULARY
Lesson 3E BOOSTER
Intensifiers and adverbs in action

VOCABULARY – Writing a review

A. Study this useful vocabulary to create a review

Background: Main points of the plot:

The story is set… The book/film relates how..

The story takes place … The plot focuses on..
This well-written/informative/fascinating The story begins/concerns/ is about…
book… The plot has an unexpected twist…
This original first novel… The plot is (absolutely) thrilling / (rather)
The book/film tells the story of… boring/ dull/clever/exciting.
The book/film was written by…
This work is based on…

General comments and opinion: Useful language: Recommendations

• It is rather confusing/long/slow/boring • Don’t miss it

• It has a tragic/surprising/dramatic end • It is well worth reading/watching
• It is beautifully/poorly/badly written • It will change the way you see…
• The story is gripping • I wouldn’t recommend it because
• It is an inspiring story • I highly/thoroughly recommend it
• This book is brilliantly plotted • It is a bore to read/watch
• It is certainly at the top of my list
• Don’t bother with this one

DEVELOPMENT– What is a Review?

A review is a piece of writing usually written for magazine,

newspaper or website. The main purpose is to describe
and express a personal opinion about something you have
experienced for example: a film, a holiday, a product, a
website.

Structure of a review
Title Mention the name of the film, play, concert, ect.
Introduction Describe what you are reviewing.
1st body paragraph Give the positive aspects
2nd body paragraph Give the negative aspects
Conclusion Summarize your review and give a strong recommendation

67
 Example: Review of a restaurant
Short title
Foster’s Hollywood

Being a huge fan of traditional American fast food and restaurant styles, it’s no Introduction with a phrase
wonder that my favourite restaurant in Granada is Foster’s Hollywood. to catch attention.
Give a brief description of
Located smack in the middle of the city, this fast-food chain serves a wide variety the place
of mouthwatering, American dishes at a reasonable price. These range from
typical Tex-Mex nachos or French fries to more elaborate meals like traditional,
homemade Bourbon steak. And if you’re hungry, it’s the perfect place to go, as
their servings are absolutely huge! Positive aspects of the
place
Another cool thing about this place is its magnificent decor. If you’re a film buff,
you will quickly fall in love with this place, since all the walls are covered in
famous movie posters! Apart from that, it’s got a spacious dining hall, super
friendly staff and an outdoor terrace which is absolutely fantastic on summer Negative aspect of the place
nights!

The only negative thing I can say is that it is right next to a gym,
which sometimes makes me feel guilty for eating so much!
Conclude the review
with a recommendation
Nevertheless, Foster’s Hollywood offers delicious meals in an unbeatable
atmosphere, so you should definitely give it a try. I promise you won’t regret it!

Retrieved from: https://engxam.com/handbook/how-to-write-a-review-b2-first-fce/

Aspects to take into consideration

1. Title: Try to keep it short. It must be done in two to five words in length.

2. Introduction: It is advisable to make the introduction with some interesting personal

comments. You have to mention the title, the type of movie/book/ and so on., include the
setting / when and where), the main characters, and other information.

Phrases you can use in the introduction are:

 This well-written/ informative / fascinating/ thought-provoking book/film is…
 The film/ book/ is set in
 The film/ book/ tells the story of
 The film/ book/is based on
 The film/starts
 The film is directed by /
 The film/book is the sequel to

3. 1st – 2nd body paragraph: In the 1st and 2nd body paragraphs include the main points of
the plot, and evaluate the acting, writing style, directions, characters, etc. You can also add
what you learnt, found out from the book, etc. Also, you must describe issues in detail and
use one paragraph per issue. Moreover, you must use linkers, sequencing and
sophisticated vocabulary

4. Conclusion /recommendation: In the last paragraph, you must include an overall

evaluation of the film/book, and include a recommendation with a justification. Also, you
need to give reasons to see the film/ read the book.

68
 READING AND WRITING – A movie review

B. Read the example below and identify the vocabulary taken from table above. Then,
rewrite the story with other words form the vocabulary table.

Now, Rewrite
WRITING – Writethe review:
your own review

Write a review of a film/book you have read/seen recently. You have to include your opinion
and say whether or not you would recommend it. The review must be done in 190-200 words.
It needs to follow the structure and suggestions covered in this lesson.

 69
 Unit 4
LIFE EXPERIENCES

Unit
objective: Learners will
be able to describe
their life experiences
mentioning past
events.

Learning
outcome:
• Inferring from context
• Producing piece
of writing.
• Listening for specific
and general
information
• Mentioning past
experiences
connected with
present.
• Describing a dream
• Identifying
vocabulary about
trip

70
 UNIT 4Life Experiences
Present Perfect; already/just/still/yet; Time Expressions

Things
LessonI’ve
4Adone
Present Perfect Simple– Affirmative and Negative Form

VOCABULARY- My Experiences
A. Match the pictures with a word in the box.

1: Opera House

2: Bayterek tower

3: Santa Claus house 4: Blue Ice

6: Kalahari Desert

LISTENING – Chicago
B. Listen then fill the gaps.

Welcome to the city that feels like home!

Chicago is bursting with world-class, culture. But at

its heart, it’s a Midwestern city which means a warm and
genuine hospitality. No who you are or what you love,
you’ll fit right in exploring famed , world-
renowned museums, a jaw-dropping waterfront,
music, Tony
Award-winning theatres, iconic designed by
legendary architects, over parks and green spaces,
one of the most inclusive LGBTQ+ . 71
Chicago is cold in the , but it’s nice to have four
distinct seasons, and not many cities have this . Many places
have blended seasons, where there aren’t notable perks to look
forward to each year.
In winter, you can ice skate, go to outdoor festivals
and markets, and snuggle up for a romantic evening, amidst white,
sparkly snow. In the fall, the on the leaves are
breathtaking, and the summer’s boating and beach season is a
known pleasure around the world. Not many cities have access to
beach and water right in the of the city.
GRAMMAR – Present Perfect
 The Present Perfect is used to indicate an occurred action in an undetermined
time in the past, putting relief in the simple fact of having realized, without
specifying when that action took place.
 The present perfect is composed of the verb to have and has as an auxiliary verb +
the passive participle of the main verb.
 All regular verbs have the same form in the passive participle that the past simple:
walked, talked, etc.
This does not happen with irregular verbs like: see, saw, seen; break, broke, broken.

 Notice that when the simple past is employed, we refer to a past action without
relation to the present, while with the present perfect, we refer to a past action
related to the present.
Also, the present perfect is used to indicate an action that starts in the past and
continues until the present

72
73
 PRACTICE

C. Write the past participle of these verbs:

VERB PAST VERB PAST VERB PAST
PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE PARTICIPLE
Begin Fly Pay
Bend Fight Quit
Bring Forget Reset
Build Get Rewind
Buy Hold Ride
Choose Keep Shrink
Deal Lose sing
Do make Meet

D. Choose the correct option:

 Jane have/has been in New York several times

 Charles and Tom have/has done their daily chores
 I have/has called you all day.
 Jane have/has waited so long for this moment to come
 My father have/has worked in this factory since 1997
 We have not /has not cooked anything in the last two weeks
 Cancer have/has claimed many victims in the last couple of years
 You all have/has made a remarkable improvement in your performance
 Shaun have/has shared many beautiful moments with everyone in this room
 Prince Charles have/has been named as king after his mother passed away
 The members of the board have/has decided that the company will make changes

SPEAKING – My last travel experience

E. Let’s remember the place you visited on your last vacation, give details about the
facilities that people have found there, the experience you have had, the food you
have tasted, the activities you have done. Use the present perfect tense to explain
your vacation with any information you consider relevant.

74
 READING – Discovering the world

F. Read the texts and choose one option from the orange box to complete the readings.

Who are they? What have they done? What has happened?

Linda has just walked outside with Grandmother. She wears an apron. So far, she has finished cleaning and washing. She has al

Who is she? What has she done? What has happened?

Recently, it has snowed in Maria's town. In the last week, it has snowed three times. Maria has always loved the snow. She ha

Sparky has followed Maria all the way down the hill. Sparky has decided that he likes the snow too!

Mable knits scarves and blankets to send to her grandchildren in London.

So far, she has knitted two large blankets for her granddaughters. She has also knitted a scarf for each grandchild.

Grandmother and Linda wait for the birds. They have seen birds in the yard before. Grandmother has always liked to watch the

G. Complete the sentences with the correct information in the text. Use the Present
Perfect Tense.

1. James was the first worker from the old factory, he (work) 75
for many years and he (take) no days off since he joined us.
2. James (travel) and represented the company in more than 60
occasions, he (visit) many countries on behalf of the company
3. The board members (talk)about how good of a worker he is, thus it came
as resolution to make him an honorary funding member.
4. As a result of this the company will make a contribution to his retirement fund as a
way
 Lesson 4B Health Problems
Present Perfect Simple– Questions

VOCABULARY – What´s wrong? - What´s the matter?

A. Look at the picture and fill in the gaps.

a cold a rash
a toothache the flu sunburn a fever
a broken leg an earache a cough
a headache

Speaking – Health problems

B. Remember the one time you have been sick. Answer the following questions:

I haven’t been sick since last November, I had COVID-19

What have you had?

How much time have you felt bad?

I have been in bed for around a week…

How have you recovered from your illness?

76
GRAMMAR – Present Perfect: Questions

PRACTICE
C. Match the questions on the left with the corresponding complement on the
right.

Have you lost your keys With the table saw?

Have they made the chocolate cake Recently at the
Has he cut her finger Bought last week?
Have you had bad days
How many matches By the plastic artist?
What shoes have you For the party
Where have you studied The English channel by herself?
Who has written the Checked the end of fiscal year
Has she swum Seen you before?
Has the CEO of the company Your professional
Where have I To the concert last night?
Who has taken you The speech that the president is
Which is the room that has been painted Have they won in this season?

77
D. Answer the questions below

How many countries have you traveled to?

What interesting food have you eaten?

What famous person have you seen?

Where have you lived in recent years?

What languages have you learned in your life?

Have you done dangerous things before?

How much money have you spent today?

Have you ever seen a ghost?

What cities have you been to?

Have you made your homework?

E. Make a small interview with the questions above choose at least three, work
in pairs and record yourselves. Both interviews can last up to one minute.
You can make questions of your own if you want to.

78
 F. Read the text and mark with blue the sentences that look like present perfect
and in green the sentences that are in present perfect.

Hello dear
I hope things are good for you these days. I´ve got a
lot of news for you! I´ve just started my new school
year and this time we have to wear uniforms, it´s
weird because is black and white and has a plaided
tie and a burgundy pull-over, I don´t know who has
such an awful taste. In other news I have changed
my hairstyle now is short and just like prince
Diana used to have. The best news that I have for
you is that lucky has now three kittens, they have
little paws and whiskers that are the cutest that I
have ever seen.
Ryan is fine he is really happy at the moment because he has bought a new PS5
game console he has been stuck in front of the TV weeks by now and he is really
enjoying the things he has. My parents are also fine and missing you and all of the
good times we have had together.
My father had a relapse on his back pain he has gained some weight and that is
why he has trouble being standing for too long, any how I hope to hear from you
soon and know when are you coming to visit us, we have so much to catch up to I
feel like I haven´t seen you in years.
Miss you so much have a nice day write back or call me soon.

SPEAKING – Record a video answer

G. Record a video answer from the email above use the elements on the email to answer, feel free to add to

79
Lesson 4C I have already visited…
Present Perfect Simple– Just, Still, Already and Yet

Warm-up – Reading – Renovation

A. Read and mark the adverbs, then choose the correct information.

My kitchen was very needing a renovation

and a contractor came to my house to paint
it. he came at 08:00. I showed him what to
do, he said that by the end of the day will be
already done, so I trusted his word and left.
After half an hour, I came back to see how
things went, I found the man still waiting
for me to bring him and his crew breakfast.
He said that they couldn´t start with an
empty stomach. I brought them breakfast
and it was already 09:00 I asked him to
hurry because I didn´t have time to waste.
Then I left, by the time I came back I
found the
contractor sipping coffee and still nothing was moved nor painted. He told me to take it easy and
not to worry that the job was very easy to complete and that he didn´t want to go home yet, due
to some problems with her wife. I had to leave to my work place because had some things to
manage that were supposed to be taken care of already, sadly it wasn´t the case.

When I got to the office everything was a mess, two meetings that were not supposed to happen
were happening at the same time and I wasn´t there on time to solve them, there I was with two
mad clients asking me why I just appeared that late, I told them that their issues with the
company are already being taken care of and with a little lie sent them off, after all this
happened the clock already marked 14:00, I called the contractor and he told me he has already
begun with the repairing, I calmed down had lunch and then went back to work the day wasn´t
over yet, I called the man at 17:00 before leaving the office to ask what he had done and he said
that he had just left the house and that he finished all the cleaning and making of the
reparations. Imagine my surprise when I get home that not even a single wall was painted, not a
single tile was installed, the new kitchen sink was still wrapped and the old one was still in the
same place, and to top it all off had already paid him.

The article is about….

a. Someone who started doing something and didn´t finish it
b. Someone who started doing something and finished it
c. Someone who didn´t do nothing and charged for it

80
 B. Are these sentences true or false?

The contractor did everything he was asked to do ( )

He had a lot of free time in the office ( )
At the end of the day he called the contractor ( )
The contractor started right away first time in the morning ( )
The contractor fooled the man ( )
The man was very happy at the end of the day ( )

GRAMMAR – Just, yet, still, already

 Just. - Used only with Present Perfect and it means “a short time ago”.
Ex: Mike has just called. Can you ring him back please?

 Yet. - used to talk about something expected to happen. It means “at any time up to now”. It is used in
Ex: I haven´t finished my homework yet

 Still. - used to talk about something that hasn´t finished, especially when we expected it to finish earli
Ex: You promised to give me the report yesterday and you still haven´t finished it.

 Already. - Used to say that something has happened early.

Ex: I´ve already spent my salary and it´s 2 weeks before pay day

81
82
PRACTICE
C. Read and order the sentences using just, yet, already and still.

She /already /to meet /all her neighbors in a week

Arrive / the postman/ yet?

You/ be bored/ yet/ at your job?

I /not be /yet /at your new house

He/ have just/ a shower

The program/ not start / yet

We / watch already / that film twice

You / not miss yet / the bus

D. Correct the correct answer: still, yet, since, for, already

83
 E. WATCH
Watch this video about the usage of already yet and still in case you need some
reinforcement

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7ZTYMlR6mlQ

F. WRITING

Write a composition about your travel experiences. Name two things that you have already done and

G. SPEAKING
Students have to make groups and talk to each other exposing the text written in the previous exerci

84
Lesson
Have you4ever…?
D
Present Perfect Simple– ever, never, for, since

WARM UP GAME – My Activities

A. Read the clues and fill in the missing words using the past participle.

 Have you ever been in a Zara store?

No, I have been a Zara store.

 Have you ever found clothes you could fit in zara?

 Have you ever worked in one of those stores?

No, I have never worked in a Zara store

 Have you ever been able to compare zara stores from you country to the other ones elsewhere?

85
GRAMMAR – Present Perfect: never, ever, for an since

86
 PRACTICE
B. Complete these sentences using Since or For C. Complete these sentences using Present Perfect and Sin
ten o´clock
Christmas Joe(be) at this schoolfive years.
last summer Where is Alison? I(not see) her this morning.
ten minutes Mr. Wayne(know) his wifethey were both small children.
one month Ben(not see) his uncleseveral years.
my birthday John(not be) very well
the lat lesson Monday.
a long time My brother(have) his new mountain biketwo days
a week They(live) herethey came from Spain.
the beginning of the term
ages
we met the last time

D. Use the prompts to make questions

Your father /pay the bill?

Peter/loose his keys?

Susan/come back? E. Use never or ever

Have youeaten Chinese food?
You /hear about mary? Has your sisterhad a car?
We havevisited your town.
Everybody/ go home ?
We havedrunk wine.
This is the nicest place I haveseen.
Where /your nieghbours / go?
Have your friendsread that book?
Why/you/ get lots of presents ? I havehacked someone´s profile.
This the vest film I haveseen.
What/your mother/cook for dinner ? Have youseen Ariana Grande perform?
I havebeen outside of the country.
Where/diana/put her bag?

SPEAKING – ROUTINES - PAIRS

87
 LISTENING - The house.
G. In this listening exercise, you are going to hear someone talking about a haunted
house and his experience owning it then answer the questions below.

Since when has the family owned the house? Has the author seen any ghosts?
Why has the family taken care of the house? Since when has the house been cursed?
Have you ever seen anything related to paranormal activity?

H. Make a group of three people. Create a brainstorm about the places that
you know are cursed.

I. Then, make a short video presentation with one of the cursed places that are on the
brainstorm.

88
Lesson 4E VOCABULARY BOOSTER
Sports

A. Match the pictures with the vocabulary in the box.

biking
water-
ski
karate
swim
surf
skateboar

Speaking – Sports e)

B. Discuss with your partner about the sports you have practiced.
a) Which sport has been your favorite since you were a child? Just – Already Still – Yet - Ever
Never – For - Since
Johana: My favorite sport since when I was a child is soccer.

Geanella: My favorite sport since when I was a child is swiming

b) Which sport(s) have you practiced?
I just practice basket
I just practice soccer
c) Have you won any prize before?
I never won any prize.
d) Do you feel it has been good to exercise?
 Use Expressions

Geanella: Already this month I feel better when practice exercise

Johana: Yes, already this month I feel healty

89
 DEVELOPMENT – 5 minutes Pitch (Presentation)

In real professional life, you will have to make a good first impression when talking about
a Research project proposal, a job opportunity or a scholarship interview. There’s a
strategy called 5 minutes Pitch, when you have to present all your ideas in just 5 minutes
to the targeted audience. Here we present you some guidelines to maximize those
precious 5 minutes.
1. First Impression Matters – 30 seconds: Open with an introduction of yourself, your
team, and your company (if this is about an investment project). The elevator pitch
should concisely summarize your business model and startup vision. If you are
presenting just yourself, talk about your abilities and skills, and the relevant
information that makes you different for the rest.
2. The Problem – 70 seconds: After setting the stage, highlight the gap in the market and
justify to the audience why this problem is worth tackling. Draw them in with a story
detailing how your target market persona is affected by the problem at hand. Help
them understand the complexity of the problem, and the urgency to take action and
fulfill customers’ needs. This also sets the prelude for you to demonstrate the
sustainability of your solution.
3. The Solution – 90 seconds: This is the time for you to highlight your ides to solve the
problem is unique selling proposition and show how you’ll rise above other ideas.
Your audience needs to know that your solution is not only innovative, but also
feasible. You can further support your case with findings from needs analysis and user
tests.
Pro-tip: Visual aids and prototype demos reinforces your ideas’ benefits and helps the
audience better visualize how it works.
4. Money Matters – 50 seconds: If we are talking about any problem, cost are relevant. Let
the audience know how much it is needed to be invested to make a change. If you’re
applying for a scholarship, let the benefactors know how you will take advantage of
those resources in your professional training, and how you will reattribute those
investments to the society.
90
5. Wrap Up – 30 + 30 seconds: As you draw to a close, send the audience a call to action.
Reiterate two most significant points from your pitch to achieve impact. Emphasize
that NOW is the golden time for change. Also, be prepared to take questions from here
on. Also, allocate a safety buffer of 30 seconds to accommodate any interruptions or to
troubleshoot unexpected problems during the pitch.
6. If you have concluded your pitch smoothly with remaining time to spare, ask audience
for feedback. It’s a great opportunity to leverage on their experience to refine your
pitch, business model, and even get advice on how to improve your idea.

SPEAKING – It’s time to impress! - GROUPS

C. Watch the following video in Zoom groups.

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7u0cKqRPYhY

D. You will present a research project idea to an important audience. Select one topic
that you all feel confident to talk (Examples: “Poverty in Babahoyo”, “Malnutrition in
infants”, “Production problems in Rural areas”, “Lack of attention in virtual classes”).
Then you will look for information on the web about the topic you choose. The
activity will consist in:

1. Review information about the problem.

2. Create a 5 minutes pitch presentation, considering team presentation,
problem, solution, investment and wrap-up.
4. You will work in groups in class to create your presentation.
5. Next class, all the groups will present your 5 minutes pitch.

91
 E. Lightning quiz on present perfect

E – Which answer is correct?

92
 Unit 5
OUR WORLD

Unit objective: Learners will be able to de

which are connected with
present time or not.

Learning outcome:
Inferring from context
Producing piece of writing.
Listening for specific and general informati
Mentioning past experiences
Ask for clarification
Show their opinion indirectly
Identifying vocabulary about search engin
Reading for specific information

93
 UNIT 5 Our world
Past simple, reported speech, present perfect simple.

Lesson 5A Climate change

Past Simple, affirmative, negative and question forms
VOCABULARY – Climate change
A. Match the words with the pictures in the box.

CLIMATE CHANGE: The signs are here! LISTENING - PAIRS

B. Listen to the audio and answer true or false, correct wrong

1. Floods 2. food shortage DON’T WASTE WATER!!

3. Forest fires 4. Drought
1. The man was in the shower for more than 30 minutes.

a)
2. The man wasted 20 gallons during his shower.

b)

3. His water bill was $ 130 last month.

c)
4. The man has a lot of money because he has a good job.

5. The woman suggests that her brother do not take showers to s

d)

SPEAKING - PAIRS
C. Have you heard about any problem related to climate change that happened recently in your country? Discuss:

What happened? And where?

Is there any loss of natural resources?
Do you think this can be prevented? How?

94
GRAMMAR –Simple Past
 The past simple is used to describe an action that occurred in a determined time of
the past.
 The past simple tense is formed with the majority of verbs, just adding the ED. This
form is equal to all the persons of the singular and plural.
 If the verb ends in –E, just add D. like- liked
 If the verb ends in Y preceded by a consonant, the –y is changed by –i and add –ed.
study – studied
 If the verb ends in a simple consonant, preceded by an accented vowel, double the
consonant before adding ED. stop – stopped
 For example:
 I wanted to dance.
 They learned English.

 The rest of the verbs are irregular and must be memorized because they do not
follow any rule. break- broke take-took go-went
 For example:
 He swam in the sea last week.
 We went to the cinema last night.

 The auxiliary that you use for making negative Sentences is didn´t, and for
interrogative is did.
Affirmative Negative

Question

95
PRACTICE
D. Complete each sentence with the correct past simple form.
She(carry) her suitcase to the bus.
They(stop) in the park to play football.
The children (hurry) to the playground.
Where(you / get off) the train?
I_(not / change) trains at Victoria.
We(wake up) very late.
What(he / give) his mother for Christmas?
I _(receive) £300 when my uncle
_(die).
We(not / use) the computer last night.
_(she / make) good coffee?
They _(live) in Paris.
She(read) the newspaper yesterday.
Grandma(drop) the cup.
The family (travel) to Spain.
The baby ___(cry) because he was hungry.

E. Complete the following sentences with using past simple.

Iyour umbrella. (not / to take)

The teacherus a lot of homework last week. (to give)
Whoyouyesterday? (to see)
hethe light? (to turn on)
Weour report yesterday. (not / to finish)
sheto lose weight? (to try)
Theyin 2010. (to get married)
WhyKate? (to cry)
youwell last night? (to sleep)
Iher house last week. (to stay at)
Wea lot of fish last Sunday. (not / to catch)
Whenyoupicnic last time? (to have)
Heto the cinema with her. (not / to go)
sheyesterday? (to smoke)
Whattheyat university? (to study)
Ithis company last year. (to work for)
Heher on their last date. (to kiss)
Whatweyesterday? (to buy)
sheall her money yesterday? (to spend)
Theyat the concert last night. (not / to sing)

96
 READING - I am Malala
F. Read about Malala’s life, then fill in the gaps with the correct missing word on the box.
Malala Yousafzai, the 14-year-old girl who was shot
in the head by the Taliban in Pakistan last week, has
been flown to Britain for (1) care. The youngster
was seriously wounded (2) she sat on a bus going
to school. She was targeted (3) the Taliban for
campaigning for the rights of girls in Pakistan to
have an education. The Taliban says she and her
family will still be targets if she continues to promote
education for girls. Malala needs (4) treatment
for a damaged skull, (5) by what Pakistani
doctors called "intensive neuro-rehabilitation". The
hospital has specialist facilities for gunshot wounds
and head injuries and has treated hundreds of
soldiers (6) injured from Afghanistan.

Malala has been campaigning since she was 11. Wikipedia says (7) her: "She is known
for her education and women's rights activism in the Swat Valley, where the Taliban has
(8) times banned girls from attending school. In early 2009, at the age of 11, Yousafzai
(9) to prominence through a blog she wrote for the BBC detailing her life (10) the
Taliban regime…and her views on promoting education for girls." It added: "She has…
been nominated for the International Children's Peace Prize by Desmond Tutu, and has
won Pakistan's first National Youth Peace Prize." (11) U.K. prime minister Gordon
Brown has started an online (12) called "I am Malala," campaigning for the rights of
61 million children to go to school.

Retrieved from: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/1210/121016-malala_yousafzai.html

WRITING – Jane Goodall

G. Have you heard about Jane Goodall? Look for information in the web and try to write abiography of her. W

97
Extreme 5
Lesson world
B
Present Perfect Vs Past Simple

VOCABULARY- Extreme sports

A. Match the pictures with a word in the box.

downhill mountain biking

rafting
parachuting
volcano boarding
trekking
d. heli-skiing

GRAMMAR – Present Perfect vs Simple Past

98
 PRACTICE:
B. Match the two halves of the sentences.
a. Have / haven’t
1. Paula and James … to Paris several times b. Did / visit
c. were / was
2. My family and I … at home last Saturday d. Did
3. … you and Sarah see the movie yesterday? e. flown
4. (A) … you ever seen a ghost? (B) No, I …. f. weren’t
g. did
5. Have they ever … in a hot air balloon? h. have traveled
6. (A) Did you have a good time? (B) Yes, we ….
7. (A) Why … you at the hospital? (B) I … sick.
8. … Maria … London and Madrid

C. Complete the sentences using Present Perfect or Past Simple

D. Select the correct option:

I've written to Sarah . We have played one hour.

? recently ? since
? last week ? for
We have waited two years. Have you eaten Italian food ?
? since ? before
? for ? already
I've been living here the end of last year. I haven't seen Tom a long time.
? since How is he?
? in ? for
It's ages I last went to a football match. ? since
? for He today's car race.
? since ? has won
? won
99
 READING- Global warming is human made

E. Read and answer the following questions.

GLOBAL WARMING IS HUMAN MADE What causes the global warming?

Findings from a new study released Friday proves that global warming is caused by human activity, and
Retrieved from: https://breakingnewsenglish.com/0502/19.globalWarming.html
Where have the evidence found?

Why do the world’s leader close their ears

What do the US government think about gl

According to the text, where will be felt the

SPEAKING – Experiences

F. PAIRS. Think of answers to these questions? Then tell your classmate about your family.

Where have you traveled recently?

Was there an adventurous travel? Why?
Have you ever practiced extreme sports?
Did you hurt yourself practicing it?
What is the most difficult activity have you done?
Where did you do it?
Have you ever eaten an exotic food?
Did you like it? Why?

100
WRITING – Around my Country
G. Write a composition about the Ecuador. Think about:
Have you ever visited any adventurous place in Ecuador? Which region have you loved the
most? Why? Have you visited the beaches? What about the mountains?
Have you been in the forest? Have you ever been in Galapagos? Have you ever practiced the
extreme sports that these places offer?

 …

101
Lesson 5C Nowadays
Reported speech

VOCABULARY - Synonyms

A. Read the statements below, then answer: Which word in the box has a different
meaning to the word in bold?

1. Nowadays, I am living with my parents.

2. Ecuador’s education has improved since 2010.
actually currently really indeed
enhanced turn expand work
3. Technology has changed people life.
4. Hospital’s
importantmanagers have to masterknowledge
altered health policies. techniques
5. The former president
degree told the truth.dominate
doctors condition
statement documents pets veracity

SPEAKING

B. In pairs. From activity A. you will use one synonym of each statement to explain why is importan
Why English is important Nowadays?
Is it important for your studies/profession? Why?

102
GRAMMAR – Reported Speech
 Reported speech is when we tell someone what another person said. To do this, we can use direct speec
direct speech: 'I work in a bank,' said Daniel.
indirect speech: Daniel said that he worked in a bank.

 In indirect speech, we often use a tense which is 'further back' in the past (e.g. worked) than the tense o
 When we backshift, present simple changes to past simple, present continuous changes to past continuo
 For Example:
'I travel a lot in my job.'
o Jamila said that she travelled a lot in her job.
'The baby's sleeping!'
o He told me the baby was sleeping.

103
PRACTICE
B. Complete with the corresponding reported speech.

1. Benjamin: "I often have a big hamburger."

Benjamin says (that) .

2. Hannah: "They live in Boston."

Hannah said (that) .

3. Tyler: "Ian doesn't invite girls to his parties."

Tyler told me (that) .

4. Dominic: "She understands Japanese."

Dominic remarks (that) .

5. Sophia: "Bella doesn't collect stickers."

Sophia explains (that) .

6. Robert: "Dennis often downloads the latest tunes."

Robert added (that) .

7. Olivia: "Leroy is out riding his new waveboard today."

Olivia explained (that) .

8. Luke: "I don't know what to do."

Luke added (that) .

9. Lily: "Mr Jones is rude to Samantha."

Lily thinks (that) .

10. James and David: "We have to go now."

James and David tell me (that)

READING – World water day

D. Read the following article about Water.

104
 WORLD WATER DAY
Humanity needs water, and every drop is precious. On March 22nd, World Water Day is a day
to celebrate water and make a difference for people who do not have the water they need.

We ALL need Water!!

Did you know that in the UK every person uses about 150 liters of water every day and most
of the water we use is to flush the toilet? Let’s take a minute to think about the water we use.
The human body is 60% water and we need to drink lots of water to be healthy. When we are
thirsty, we just go to the kitchen and fill a glass
with clean water. We also need water for
cooking. Imagine trying to cook pasta or rice
without water! We have toilets in our houses and
when we want to brush our teeth or have a
shower, we use the bathroom. We use water
indirectly too. Farmers, who produce the food we
eat, use water to make the plants grow. When we
turn on a light or switch on a TV or a computer,
we use energy and we need water to produce this
energy.

The truth about water

The truth is that we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not
the case for many people around the world. Did you know that around 750 million people do
not have clean water to drink? That’s around 1 in 10 people in the world. And did you know
that 2.5 billion people do not have clean toilets? That’s about 1 in 3 people in the world.

But, what does it mean?

If we drink dirty water or we can’t wash our hands when we go to the toilet, we can catch
diseases from the bacteria and become ill. Every year over 500,000 children die from
diarrhea from dirty water. That’s around 1,400 children every day! In Ghana, 80% of all
diseases are from dirty water, in Nigeria, 70% of people don’t have toilets and in Nicaragua,
80% of people don’t have clean drinking water. Also, in some countries, children walk many
kilometers every day to get water and sometimes the water isn’t even clean! If children walk
many hours a day to get water, they can’t go to school so they don’t learn how to read or
write and don’t get an education.

Water for Everyone

In 1993 the United Nations decided that March 22nd is the World Day for Water. On this day
every year, countries around the world hold events to educate people about the problems of
dirty water and that clean water is something that everyone should have around the world.
People organize events to raise money and this money helps countries like Nigeria or
Nicaragua get clean water to its people so that children don’t die from diarrhea and so that
they can go to school.
For World Water Day, some people in the UK walk, run or cycle 10km, others climb
mountains or even jump from an airplane and skydive to the ground. At one school children
between the ages of 10 and 15 walk 6km with 6 liters of water so they can see how it feels to
walk a long distance carrying heavy bottles of water. People give them money to do these

105
 things and all the money helps get clean water to as many people as possible around
the world.
Retrieved from: https://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/study-break/magazine-zone/world-water-day

E. Read again and complete the table according to the article:

1. World water day is on March 12th.

2. Every person in UK uses 150 of water taking a shower. The human body is 60% water.
3. 150 million people do not have clean water to drink.
4. 1 in 10 people in the world do not have clean water to drink. All the people in the world have clean toile
5. Every year more than half millions of children die because of
6.
7.
illness associated with dirty Water.

F. Complete the sentences according to the information in the article.

1. In the UK people use aboutliters of water a day. The human body iswater.
2. million people around the world do not have clean water.
3. billion people around the world do not have clean toilets.
4. children die from diarrhea from dirty water every day. In Nigeriaof people don’t have toilets.
5.
6.
7. In Nicaragua of people don’t have clean drinking water.
8. The World Day for Water is in Marchevery year.
9. For World Water Day in the UK, people walk, run or cycle
to help people who don’t have clean water.
10. In the UK children walk 6km withliters of water to raise money for World Water Day.

106
Lesson 5D This is a difficult stage, isn’t it?
Tag Questions

WARM UP – Tag Questions

A. Watch the YouTube video and then, fill in the space with the grammar structure you hear.

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AWwcWk4q2OU

a. Road trip are great, h. They look almost exactly the same,
b. He is very proud of everything he
gets right, i. Kevin has a big surprise in store
c. Lala is amazing,
d. He is kind of spongy, j. He didn’t ask for an increase,
e. A pen is a simple thing,
f. They are a pretty good team, k. He hasn´t been clear on this
question,
g. Series developer make serious l. They have learned over the last week,
income,

VOCABULARY- Landscapes
B. Match the pictures with a word in the box.

forest
river
lagoon
volcano
waterfall
d. mountain

107
GRAMMAR – Tag Questions
 It is a statement followed by a mini- question. We use tag
questions to ask for confirmation.
 The tone of voice at the moment of using question tag can
indicate:
 1. If rising intonation, it is a real question.
 2. If intonation falls, it is not a real question-
sarcastic comment.
Structures:
 Affirmative------------------------negative
 Negative----------------------------affirmative
Examples:
 She plays soccer, doesn´t she?
 We didn’t come at home, did we?
 She isn´t from Ecuador, is she?
 Susy and peter have developed a new program,
haven’t they?
 I was doing an exercise, wasn´t I?
 He can´t talk fast, can he?
 They should start a new life style, shouldn´t they?

 For example:
 She has lived here all her life (Regular)
 They have written three letters already. (Irregular)
 He has finished his homework (Regular)

PRACTICE.
B. Complete the sentences with the correct Tag Question.

She rides horses, C. Complete using Tag Question.

I am so silly, We can swim fast,
His hat isn't old, It never snows in spring,
He doesn’t play chess, You are a pirate,
There isn’t a butterfly, Our bus has arrived,
You have a pet, He doesn’t speak French
Lions aren't small, There are some bees,
The beach was nice, Penguins can't fly,
I work late today, His train is never on time,
There isn't a river, We have got guns,
There are a lot of roses,

108
 READING – Brazil
C. Read the following article about Brazil. Then answer the questions below the text.

BRAZIL

Brazil, the largest country in South

America, has a population of 208 million
and a territory of 3,287,956 square
miles (8,515,767 km2).

Having once been a Portuguese colony,

Brazil today has had a very ethnically
diverse population, with half of the
residents identifying as mixed race, and
notable Asian and indigenous
minorities.

Since the Amazon River basin is located in Brazil, the vast tropical forest around it
accounts for much of Brazil's territory. The Amazon rainforest has been a protected
habitat for several decades (natural home of an animal or plant), unique not only for
its rich wildlife but also because some 70 isolated tribes still live in it.

Due to heavy industrialization, this natural heritage of Brazil has recently been
threatened by mining, oil extraction, and dam building.
Retrieved from: https://www.really-learn-english.com/english-reading-comprehension-largest-countries-in-the-
world.html

D. According to what you read, please answer the following questions:

1. Brazil is very big
2. Brazil territory is 208 million of km
3. All the population are Asian and indigenous
4. The amazon rainforest has been protected for years
5. 70 tribes live in Brazil

WRITING - Do you enjoy nature?

E. Imagine you have recently visited a Natural Protected Area (Niagara’s Waterfall, Amazon Forest, Uyuni S
Why did you choose this place?
Did you enjoy it?
Would you return?
Use Simple Past, Present perfect, Reported Speech and question tag, at least once each one.

109
 LISTENING – Parent – teacher meeting

F. A mother speaks to a teacher about her son's progress and behavior. Listen to the
mp3 file and complete these questions from the listening. Then listen again to check.

1. You're his English teacher, ?

2. That's the case, ?

3. I'm sure that's helpful, ?

4. And he's enjoying doing this extra spelling work at home, ?

5. You don't think there's anything more serious wrong with him, ?

6. You've heard of dyslexia, ?

7. But you're not seriously suggesting Billy has dyslexia, ?

8. This wouldn't be a problem for you, ?

A. Decide if the following statements about the listening are TRUE, FALSE or
NOT STATED.

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Lesson 5E VOCABULARY BOOSTER
Global Warming

VOCABULARY – GLOBAL WARMING

A. Write the word in the box in the pictures below.

floods forest fires greenhouse gas

droughts pollution ice melting

DEVELOPMENT – WRITING AN ESSAY

B. Watch the following video about writing an essay.

Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UuOWNNvupik

111
 C. Review how to write an essay in the following mind map:

Writing Process Essay Components

SPEAKING – CLIMATE CHANGE

E. PAIRS. Discuss with your partner about climate change.
Is it good? Or is it bad?
Do you think people have faced climate change issues?
What solutions came to your mind to mitigate it?
WRITING – ESSAY: COUNTRY ISSUES No, I think nobody have faced climate change. It is a real problem be

D. Now it is time to write your own essay, the topic will be:
Which climate change issues have your country faced? Write a paragraph
about what has happened in the last 10 years regarding global warming, climate
change or natural disasters. Your essay need to have Introduction, Body and
Conclusion. Your essay must have at least 200 words.

 …
112
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