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    Polarity of Molecules 2

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    eryel
    The document discusses the polarity of molecules, explaining that a molecule's polarity is determined by the electronegativity differences between its bonded atoms as well as its geometric shape according to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory. Ionic bonds form through the complete transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve either the unequal or equal sharing of electron pairs between two atoms, resulting in polar or nonpolar bonds respectively. The document provides steps to determine electronegativity and write electron configurations in order to understand ionic and covalent bonding.

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    Polarity of Molecules 2

    Uploaded by

    eryel
    30 views37 pages
    The document discusses the polarity of molecules, explaining that a molecule's polarity is determined by the electronegativity differences between its bonded atoms as well as its geometric shape according to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory. Ionic bonds form through the complete transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve either the unequal or equal sharing of electron pairs between two atoms, resulting in polar or nonpolar bonds respectively. The document provides steps to determine electronegativity and write electron configurations in order to understand ionic and covalent bonding.

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    Polarity-of-Molecules-2

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    The document discusses the polarity of molecules, explaining that a molecule's polarity is determined by the electronegativity differences between its bonded atoms as well as its geometric shape according to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory. Ionic bonds form through the complete transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve either the unequal or equal sharing of electron pairs between two atoms, resulting in polar or nonpolar bonds respectively. The document provides steps to determine electronegativity and write electron configurations in order to understand ionic and covalent bonding.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    30 views37 pages

    Polarity of Molecules 2

    Uploaded by

    eryel
    The document discusses the polarity of molecules, explaining that a molecule's polarity is determined by the electronegativity differences between its bonded atoms as well as its geometric shape according to the valence shell electron pair repulsion theory. Ionic bonds form through the complete transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve either the unequal or equal sharing of electron pairs between two atoms, resulting in polar or nonpolar bonds respectively. The document provides steps to determine electronegativity and write electron configurations in order to understand ionic and covalent bonding.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 37

    PHYSICAL SCIENCE

    POLARITY
    OF
    MOLECULES
    OBJECTIVES

    UNDERSTAND LEARN KNOW


    Compare and Identify the Appreciate the
    contrast polar polarity of a importance of different
    and non-polar molecule based molecules in relation to
    on its structure; its polarity by citing
    molecule;
    and examples.

    INTRODUCTION
    Chemical bonds are formed when atoms

    lose, gain, or share electrons. An ionic


    bond occurs when there is a transfer of

    one or more valence electrons from one


    atom to another.
    Valence electron

    Valence electrons are the electrons in


    the outer energy level of an atom that
    may be involved in chemical
    interactions. Valence electrons are the
    basis of all chemical bonds.
    HOW TO DETERMINE THE VALENCE ELECTRON OF AN
    ELEMENT?
    Electron configurations are the summary of
    where the electrons are around a nucleus.

    Reminder: A neutral atom has the same


    number of protons and electrons.
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION
    Electron configuration on the left side,
    shows the flow of electrons for different
    shells.
    Below, shows the number of electrons can
    be place per shell.
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION

    We need to use the number of


    electrons of an element and count
    how many can we place in each
    shell.
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION

    Now let us try to write the electric


    configuration of an element.
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION
    Number of protons and electrons
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION
    Number of protons and electrons

    You need to count 26 for the


    electron configuration
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION
    Number of protons and electrons

    You need to count 26 for the


    electron configuration
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION
    Number of protons and electrons

    You need to count 26 for the


    electron configuration

    Now place, 26 electrons


    in the shell. Remember
    the limit for each shell.
    STEP-BY-STEP ON HOW TO WRITE ELECTRON
    CONFIGURATION
    Number of protons and electrons

    You need to count 26 for the


    electron configuration

    Now place, 26 electrons


    in the shell. Remember
    the limit for each shell.
    IONIC BONDING

    Ionic bonding is the complete


    transfer of valence electron(s)
    between atoms. It is a type of
    chemical bond that generates
    two oppositely charged ions.
    COVALENT BONDING
    When two nonmetal atoms
    combine, neither of them loses
    or gains electron. Instead, electron
    pairs are being shared by both
    atoms and the type of chemical
    bond formed is called covalent
    bond.
    ACTIVITY 2
    Part I. Write your answer in yellow paper.
    PHYSICAL SCIENCE

    P O L A R IT Y
    OF
    MOLECULES
    HOW DOES POLARITY OF BONDS WORK?
    The polarity of molecules is determined by the two factors: the
    polarity of bonds based on the electronegativity difference of
    the atoms involved and the geometrical shape of the
    molecules which can be predicted via valence shell electron
    pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory.
    Electronegativity (EN) measures the relative tendency of an atom to
    attract electrons to itself when chemically combined with other atoms.

    Pauling Electronegativity Scale


    SO WHAT IS THE CONNECTION OF ELECTRONEGATIVITY
    TO THE POLARITY OF BONDS?
    We could use the electronegativity values of the atoms involved to get
    the absolute electronegativity difference (∆EN) which will help us in
    predicting what type of chemical bond (ionic, polar covalent or nonpolar
    covalent) that would exist between them.
    SOLUTION:
    POLAR COVALENT BONDS

    A polar covalent bond is formed


    when electrons are shared
    unequally by two atoms in a
    compound.

    The bonded pair of atoms form an


    electric dipole. Dipole means “two
    poles” which means that a
    molecule has one positive end and
    one negative end.
    NON POLAR COVALENT BONDS
    A nonpolar covalent bond
    develops if both atoms equally
    share a pair of electrons
    between them.

    This occurs when the bonding


    atoms have approximately equal
    EN value or equal ability to attract
    electrons to each side.
    ACTIVITY 2
    Part II. Write your answer in yellow paper. Complete the table.
    GEOMETRIC SHAPE OF
    MOLECULES
    Valence Shell Electron Pair
    Repulsion (VSEPR) model is
    used to predict the shape of
    individual molecules based on
    the extent of electron-pair
    electrostatic repulsion

    A = central atom
    X = connecting atom
    E = lone or excess pair
    THANK YOU
    SO MUCH!
    Raise your hand if you
    have any questions for
    us

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