CNE -22418

Unit 1:- Introduction on to electric motors

1. State any four parts of the D.C motor. 2marks
2. State the working principal of d.c. generator. 2marks
3. State function of following parts of D.C motor: (i) Pole shoe (ii)
Commutator (iii) Brushes (iv) Yoke 4marks
4. Explain the principal of working of three phase induction motor. 4marks
5. Draw a neat labeled sketch of three-point starter.
6. Select or suggest any two applications for: (i) D.C shunt motor (ii) D.C series
motor 4marks
7. Describe with suitable diagram speed control of DC shunt motor by field
current control method. 4marks
8. A 4 pole, 220V shunt motor has 540 lap wound conductor. It takes 32 A
from the supply mains and develops output power of 5.595 kW. The field
winding takes 1A. The armature resistance is 0.09Ω and flux per pole is 30
mWb. Calculate: i) The speed and ii) The torque developed in N-m. 4marks
)so on till summer2019
9. State Fleming‟s Right Hand Rule. 2marks
10.State the working principle of DC generator.2marks
11.“DC series motor should never be started at no load”. Justify. 2marks
12.Explain the working principle of induction motor.4marks
13.State at least one function and the material used for the following parts of
DC Motor. 4 marks
14.Explain the necessity of starter for D.C. motor. State various types of D.C.
motor starter. 4marks
15. A 250V shunt motor on no load runs at 1000 rpm and takes 5 A. The total
armature and shunt field resistance are respectively 0.2Ω and 250Ω.
Calculate the speed when loaded and taking a current of 50A, if armature
reaction weaken on field by 3%.4marks
16.Explain with the help of neat diagram, the following methods of speed
control for DC series motor. i) Field diverter method. ii) Tapped field
method.6marksWinter 2019
17.Poles of DC machines are always laminated. Justify it 2marks
18.State different parts of DC machines (Any four) 2mark
19.State atleast four applications of DC series motor.
20.DC series motor should never be started at no load. Justify. 2mark
21.Derive emf equation of DC generator. 4marks
22.A 120V DC shunt motor having an armature circuit resistance of 0.2 Ω and
field circuit resistance of 60 Ω, draws a line current of 40 A at full load, the
brush voltage drop is 3V and rated full load speed is 1800 RPM calculate (i)
(ii) the speed at half load the speed at 125% full load. 4marks
23.A DC series motor takes 40 A at 220 V and runs at 800 RPM. If the
armature and field resistances are 0.2 Ω and 0.1 Ω respectively and iron and
friction losses are 0.5 KW. Find armature torque and efficiency of the
motor.4mark
24.Draw the connection diagram of different types of DC generators.4mark.
25. Describe Ta-Ia characteristic for DC series and shunt motor.4marks
26.Describe the reason of using DC series motor for electric trains.4mark
Winter2019 G
27. State Fleming’s Right Hand Rule.2mark
28.Draw the connection diagram of long shunt differential D.C compound
generator.2mark
29.List the various losses on D.C motor 2mark
30.Write the voltage equation and power equation of D.C shunt motor.2mark
31. Define armature torque and shaft torque.2mark
32.Derive E.M.F equation of D.C generator.4mark
33.Describe Ta-Ia characteristics for DC series and DC shunt motor with graph.
34.What is back e.m.f in DC motor? Explain its significance

35.A 250 V shunt motor on no- load runs at 1000 rpm and takes 5 A. The total
armature and shunt filed resistances are 0.2 W and 250 W respectively.
Calculate the speed when loaded and taking a current of 50 A, if armature
reaction weakens the field by 3%
36.Describe the flux control method using field diverter method for speed
control of D.C series motor with the help of neat diagram.4mark Summer
2019 G

37.State the function of commutator in DC generator and name the material

used for commutator.2mark

38.State Fleming’s Left Hand Rule.

39.State any four application of DC shunt motor.

40.A DC shunt motor operating on a supply voltage of 200 V dc has armature

resistance of 0.5 W. If it’s armature current is 25A then calculate back emf.

41.State the function of overload coil and No. volt coil in dc motor starter.
2mark

42.A 4 pole, Lap wound DC shunt generator has 1230 armature conductor.
Calculate flux developed per pole. If the terminal voltage of generator is
220 V and it is driven at 1500 rpm. The armature is delivering a current of
120 A and has resistance of 0.5 W.4mark

43.Explain concept of back emf in DC machine. State how it governs armature

current?

44. Explain with suitable diagrams armature diverter method and armature
voltage control method for speed control of DC series motor.
45.With the help of neat diagram, explain in brief the working of brushless DC
motor.
46.A dc series motor runs at 600 rpm taking 100 A from 230 V supply.
Armature and series field winding resistances and are 0.12 W and 0.03 W.
Calculate the speed when current has fallen to 50A. Assume flux to be
directly proportional to field current. 4mark Winter 2018 G

47.State Fleming’s right hand rule. 2mark

48.Classify different types of generators. 2mark

49.Draw: (i) (ii) Torque Vs. Armature current. Speed Vs. armature current.
Characteristics for DC shunt motor.
50.State Fleming’s left hand rule.
51.Which DC motor can be selected for following types of loads (i) Electric
Traction (ii) Lathe Machine (iii) Crane (iv) Printing Machine
52.Give classification of DC motors.2mark
53.State principle of operation of DC generator.4mark
54.“D.C. Series motor cannot operate on no load.” – Justify the statement.
55.Derive an e.m.f. equation of generator.
56.Write power stages of DC motor with flow diagram.
57.State the necessity of starter for D.C. motor. State various types of D.C.
motor starter.
58.A 220 V DC shunt motor runs at a speed of 850 rpm and takes a current 20
A from mains. Calculate the speed if the torque is doubled. Armature
resistance is 0.2ohm.4mark Summer 2018 G
Unit 2:-Transformer
1. State principle operation of a transformer. 2mark
2. List various losses take place in a transformer.
3. Draw circuit diagram for polarity test on single-phase transformer.
4. Define current transformer.
5. State the function of the isolation transformer.2mark
6. Compare core type and shell type transformer on any four parameters.
4mark
7. Draw a neat experimental set up to conduct OC test on a single phase
transformer.
8. Explain with circuit diagram, the direct loading tests on single phase
transformer. How the efficiency and regulation at given load condition is
determined?
9. State the criteria of selection of power transformer as per IS:10028
(part-I)
10.List the condition for parallel operation of three phase transformer.
11.Explain the Polarity test of a transformer. Why it is necessary?
12.A 20 KVA, 2200/220V, 50 Hz transformer. The OC / SC test result are as
follows O.C. test: 220V, 4.2A, 148W (L.V. side) S.C test: 86V ,10.5A,
360W (H.V. side) Determine the regulation at 0.8 pf lagging at full load.
13.Describe the method for measurement of high voltage in a.c circuit
using potential transformer.
14.Give the specification of three phase transformer as per IS 1180 (Part-1).
15.A 500 kVA, 3-phase, 50 Hz transformer has a voltage ratio (line voltages)
of 33/11 kV and is delta/star connected. The resistance per phase are:
high voltage 35Ω, low voltage 0.876Ω and iron loss is 3050W. Calculate
the value of efficiency at full load.
16.Find the all-day efficiency of 500kVA distribution transformer whose
copper loss and iron loss at full load are 4.5kW and 3.5kW respectively.
During a day of 24 hours, it is loaded as under:
17.Describe the method of converting three-phase to two-phase
transformer by neat diagram. State any two applications.
18.A 250/125 V, 5 kVA single-phase transformer has primary resistance of
0.2 Ω and reactance of 0.75 Ω. The secondary resistance is 0.05 Ω and
reactance of 0.2 Ω. Determine its regulation while supplying full load on
0.8 leading P.F.4mark Summer 2019
19.State why a transformer always have an efficiency of more than
90%.2marks
20.Give the specification of three phase transformer as per IS 1180 (Part-1)
1989 (any four).
21.State two applications of isolation transformer.
22.List two special feature of welding transformer.2mark
23.A 3300/250V, 50Hz single phase transformer is built on a core having an
effective cross sectional area of 125 cm2 and 70 turns on the low
voltage winding. Calculate: i) The value of max. flux density. ii) Number
of turns on high voltage windings.4mark
24.Draw the equivalent circuit of transformer referred to primary. State the
meaning of each term related to equivalent circuit.
25.Derive the emf equation of a transformer.
26.A single phase transformer has 300 turns on its primary side and 750
turns on its secondary side, the maximum flux density in the core is
1Wb/m2, calculate: (i) The net cross sectional area of the core, (ii) The
emf induced in the secondary side.
27.Compare core type and shell type transformer.
28.Give any four selection criteria for : i) Distribution transformer ii) Power
transformer
29.With the help of neat diagram, describe the procedure to carry out
phasing out test on a 3-phase transformer. Also state the purpose of
conducting this test on 3 phase transformer.
30.Explain with the neat circuit diagram only the scott connection scheme
for conversion of three phase supply to two phase supply. Name one
application of the same.
31.In 20 kVA, 1000/400 V, 1-ph, 50Hz transformer, iron and full load copper
losses are 300 W & 500W respectively. Calculate the efficiency at ¾ full
load at unity power factor.
32.Explain with circuit diagram use of potential transformer to measure
33kV.
33.List the Conditions for parallel operation of three phase transformer.
34.A 500kVA, distribution transformer having copper and iron losses of
5kW and 3kW respectively on full load. The transformer is loaded as
shown below: Loading (KW) Power Factor (lag) No. of hrs. 400 0.8 06
300 0.75 12 100 0.8 03 No load ------- 03 Calculate the all day efficiency.
35.Explain with the help of neat diagram working of 3 phase
autotransformer. Write any two application.
36.Explain the effect of Harmonics on the Transformer.4mark Winter2019
37.State significance of back e.m.f.2marks
38.List the characteristics of an ideal transformer.
39.A 50 KVA transformer has 800 watts of iron loss on full load. Calculate it
iron loss at 40% of full load.
40.Draw phasor diagram for practical transformer on NO load
41.Draw circuit diagram for polarity test on 1φ transformer.
42.State any two advantages of three phase transformer over bank of
single phase transformer.
43.Give the criteria for selection of distribution transformer as per IS :
10028 (part-I) 1985. 2marks
44.Draw phasor diagram for (i) Idat transformer. (ii) Practical transformer
on No. load & ON load.4marks
45.Derive the emf equation of transformer.
46.Draw the complete phasor diagram of a transformer at a load of 0.8 Pf
lag.
47.A 10 KVA single phase transformer for 2000/400 V at no load, has R1 =
5.5 Ω , X1 = 12 Ω, R2 = 0.2 Ω, X2 = 0.45 Ω. Determine the approximate
value of the secondary voltage at full load, 0.8 power factor. (lagging),
when the primary applied voltage is 2000 V.
48.Describe any two methods of transformer cooling.
49.Compare auto transformer with two winding transformer
50.The max flux density in the cone of 250 / 3000 V, 50 Hz 1φ transformer
is 1.2 wb/m2. If emf/turn is 8 V, determine area of cone and primary
and secondary turns.
51.A 500 KVA distribution transformer having copper and iron losses of 6
KW and 5 KW respectively on full load, the transformer is loaded as
shown below. Calculate all day efficiency. Loading (KW) 400 300 200
Power factor (lag) 0.8 No. of Hrs 06 0.75 0.8 No load12 04 02
52.Identify the circuit diagram given in Figure No. 1. Select proper range of
all meters if the transformer is having rating of 220/110 V, 1 KVA.
53.Derive the equation for condition of max efficiency.
54.State the advantages of parallel operation of transformer.
55.The efficiency of a 100 KVA 11000 / 440 V, 1φ transformer is 87% on half
load at 0.8 (lag) and 89% on full load at unity Pf Determine iron and
copper losses.
56.Explain why rating of a transformer is in KVA and not in KW. b) ‘OC’ test
is performed on HV winding and ‘SC’ test is performed on LV winding of
a transformer. Justify.
57.A 20 KVA, 1000/250 V, 50 Hz, 1φ transformer have the following test
results. OC test (with LV open) : 1000 V, 2 A, 250 W SC test (with HV
open) : 5 V, 50 A, 200 W Calculate the efficiency of this transformer at
half and full load 0.8 Pf lagging.
58.For Delta Star connection of 3 ph transformer (i) Draw the connection
diagram. (ii) List any two advantages of this connection (iii) State its area
of application.
59.Draw the vector diagram and calculate its phase shift for the following
vector groups. (i) DYS (ii) Dd6
60.Explain construction and working of isolation transformer.
61.Two single phase transformer of 250 KVA each are operated on parallel
(Both side) their % drops are (1 + j6) Ω and (1.2 + j4.8) Ω. The load
 connection across the bus bar is 500 KVA at 0.8 Pf Calculate load share
by each transformer.
62.The efficiency of a 20 KVA, 2500 / 250 V, single phase transformer at
unity power factor is 98% at rated load and also at half rated load.
Determine (i) (ii) Transformer core loss Marks 16 Full load copper loss
(iii) per unit value of the equivalent resistant of the transformer.
63.Explain with the circuit diagram use of potential transformer.
64.Describe any two functions of isolation transformer.
65.Describe working of welding transformer.
66.C-T. should never be operated its secondary winding open circuited.
Justify this statement.4marks Winter2019 G
67.State any four properties of Ideal transformar.2marks
68.A 50 KVA transformer has iron loss 2 KW on full load. Calculate its iron
loss at 75% of full load.
69.Define: (i) Commercial efficiency and (ii) i) All day efficiency, of a
transformer
70.Define the transformation ratio in terms of current and voltage.
71.Compare core type transformer and shell type transformer on the
following parameters. (i) (ii) Type of winding used. Application
72.State any two conditions for parallel operation of 3- phase transformer.
73.State any two application of single phase autotransformer 2marks
74.The no load current of a transformer is 15 Amp at 0.2 pf. when
connected to a 460 V, 50 Hz supply. If the primary winding has 550
turns, calculate: (i) (ii) Magnetizing component Core loss component of
no load current (iii) Maximum flux. 4marks
75.Derive the emf equation of a transformer.
76.A single phase transformer has 300 turns on its primary side and 750
turns on its secondary side. The maximum flux density in the core is 1
wb/m2, calculate (i) (ii) The net cross sectional area of core The emf
induced in the secondary side.
77.With the help of neat diagram, explain the procedure of phasing out test
on 3- phase transformer.
78.Compare distribution transformer and power transformer on the basis
of connection, rating cost and maintenance.
79.A 500 KVA transformer has 2500 W iron loss and 7500 W copper loss at
full load. Calculate its efficiency at full load at unity pf and 0.8 pf lag.
80.Draw the equivalent circuit of transformer referred to primary.
81.“OC test is performed on LV winding and SC test is performed on HV
winding of a transformer”. Justify.
82.Explain with the neat diagram, three phase to two phase conversion
(Scott connection) of 3 phase transformer.
83.A 1-phase 50 KVA, 2400/120 V, 50 Hz transformer gave following test
results: OC test (instrument on LV side) : 120 V, 9.85 A,396 W Sc test
(instrument on HV side) : 92 V, 20.8 A, 810 W Calculate: (i) (ii) The
equivalent circuit constants. Efficiency at rated KVA and 0.8 pf lagging
84.State advantages of amorphous core type distribution transformers.
85.Draw a neat experimental set up to conduct OC test on a single phase
transformer. Also give any two advantages of OC and SC test.
86.“Transformer are rated in KVA instead of KW” Justify.
87.A single phase 100 KVA, 3.3KV/230V, 50 Hz transformer has 89.5%
efficiency at 0.85 lagging p.f both at full load and also half load. Calculate
the iron loss and full load copper loss.
88.Explain the criteria of selection of power transformer.
89.List the special features of welding transformer.
90.Compare single phase auto transformer with conventional two winding
transformer (any four points).
91.‘Performance of a transformer is analyzed on all day efficiency’ justify
the statement.
92.Describe procedure to find polarity of windings of a single phase
transformer.
93.State the different types of losses occurring in single phase transformer
and suggest remedies to minimize those losses.
94.Describe working of isolation transformer.
95.With the help of neat diagram, explain the construction of current
transformer .
96.Describe the method of measurement of high voltage in an a.c. circuit
using potential transformer. 4marks Summer 2019 G
97.State any four characteristics of core type transformer.2marks
98.A 100 KVA transformer has iron loss of 3 KW on full load. Calculate it’s
iron loss at 50% of full load.
99.State and justify which of the following two transformer is better.
Transformer A = 4% voltage regulation Transformer B = 6% voltage
regulation
100. Define all day efficiency of transformer.
101. Why phasing out and polarity test is carried out on three phase
transformer?
102. State different types of cooling system used for three phase
transformer.2marka
103. Give detail classification of transformer.4mark
104. Derive the emf equation of a transformer.
105. A single phase transformer has 400 primary and 800 secondary turns.
The net cross - sectional area of the core is 40 cm2. If the primary
winding is connected to 50 Hz supply at 500 V Calculate: (i) (ii) Peak
value of the flux density in the core. Voltage induced in secondary.
106. Explain why rating of a transformer is in KVA and not in KW?
107. A single phase transformer with ratio of 500/200 V takes a no load
current of 3A at 0.4 p.f. lagging. If secondary supplies a current of 50A at
a p.f 0.85 lagging, estimate the current taken by primary.
108. OC test is performed on L.V. winding and SC test is performed on H.V.
winding of transformer. Justify.
109. Performance of a transformer is analyzed on all day efficiency. Justify
the statement.
110. A 20 KVA, 1000/400V, single phase 50 Hz transformer has iron and
full load copper losses as 300 watt and 500 watt respectively calculate:
(i) (ii) Efficiency at full load and 0.8 P.F. lagging. Efficiency at half load
and unity P.F.
111. A 1000 kVA single phase transformer has full load copper and iron
losses as 9 KW and 7 KW respectively. During a day of 24 hours, it is
loaded as given below. Sr. No. No. of hours 1 2 3 4 6 10 04 Loading P.F.
800 KW0.8 600 KW 0.75 200 KW 04 00 KW 0.816 Calculate the all day
efficiency.
112. Explain polarity test on single phase transformer.
113. State condition of parallel operation of transformer.
114. For a 3 KVA, 220/110 V, 50 Hz 1f transformer, draw a experimental
set up to conduct direct loading test on it. Determine the range of
instruments to be used for the direct loading test.
115. List various losses in a transformer. State their location. State
method to minimize these losses.
116. Two 1f transformer with equal turns have impedances of (0.5 + j3) W
and (0.6 + J 10) W w.r.t. secondary. If they operate in parallel determine.
How they will share a load of total 100 KW p.f. of 0.8 lagging?
117. Explain with neat diagram the procedure of conducting phasing out
test on 3f transformer.
118. Explain with neat diagram open delta connection of 3f transformer.
119. For Delta - star connection of 3 f transformer: (i) Draw the
connection diagram (ii) List any two advantages of this connection (iii)
State the area of application.
120. State criteria for selection of distribution transformer.
121. Explain with neat diagram construction of three phase auto
transformer.
122. Compare single phase auto transformer with two winding
transformer. (any four points)
123. Draw a neat circuit diagram of connection of CT and PT in power
measurement circuit also explain its working.
124. Describe working of welding transformer.
125. What is the most important precaution while operating a C.T.
126. Explain construction and working of isolation transformer.4marks
Winter 2018G
127. Classify types of transformers.2marks
128. Draw circuit diagram for short circuit test of single phase transformer
129. Why transformer rating is in KVA?
130. Write difference between efficiency and all day efficiency of
transformer.
131. Draw connection diagram of transformer for Scott connection.
132. State types of cooling arrangements used in transformer (Any
four).2marks
133. Draw practical transformer on load phasor diagram at lagging
P.F.4marks
134. Estimate the percentage efficiency and regulation of a 100 KVA,
6600 V/250 V, 50hz 1 transformer at full load and 0.8 lagging p.f. from
following readings O.C. test : 6600 V, 1.5 A, 900 W, S.C. test : 290 V, 12
A, 860 W.
135. Compare distribution transformer with power transformer on any
four points.
136. Draw the equivalent circuit of transformer referred to primary side.
137. State any two advantages of parallel operation of transformer. State
the two conditions for connecting single phase transformers in parallel.
138. Identify the circuit diagram given in Fig. No. 1 Select proper range of
all meters if the transformer is having rating of 440 V/ 220 V, 2 KVA.
139. A 40 KVA, single phase transformer with a ratio of 2000 / 250 V has a
primary resistance of 1.15 W and a secondary resistance of 0.01555 W.
If the transformer is designed for 75% of full load, find its efficiency
when delivering full load at 0.8 power factor.
140. Fig. No. 2 shows the equivalent circuit of a 220/2200 V, single phase
transformer as referred to the primary side. Calculate: (i) (ii) Primary
current Power factor (iii) Secondary terminal voltage. (iv) Output of
transformer. Fig. No. 2
141. Two transformers A of 40 KVA with % ZA = (3 + j4) W and B or 25
KVA. Share equaly a load of 50 KVA. While working in parallel, Find how
they will share a load of 40 KVA. Comment your answer.
142. The efficiency of 100 KVA, 1100/440 V. 1 transformer is 87% on half
load at 0.8 (lag) and 89% on full load at unity power factor. Determine
iron and copper losses.
143. List various losses in a transformer and the places at which they
occur
144. Derive the condition for obtaining maximum efficiency of
transformer.
145. Draw polarity test of 1 transformer.
146. A 500 KVA, distribution transformer having copper and iron losses of
5 KW and 3 KW respectively. On full load. The transformer is loaded as
shown below. Loading (KW) 400 300 200 Power Factor (lag) 0.8 0.75 No.
of hrs. 08 10 0.8 No load–— 03 03
147. State the advantages of a morphous core type distribution
transformer.
148. State with neat sketch the construction of three phase auto
transformer.
149. What is the aim of conducting phasing out test on three phase
transformer? Draw diagrams for phasing out test.
150. Write selection criteria of distribution transformer with any four
point.
151. Identify the parts shown in the diagram of a transformer in Fig. No. 3
Marks 16 16 Fig. No. 3 P.T.O.
152. Compare auto transformer with two winding transformer. (Any four
point.)
153. Explain construction and operation of current transformer. Draw a
connection diagram for C.T. connection with 1 load.
154. Explain construction and working of isolation transformer.
155. Compare single phase welding transformer with two winding
transformer on the basis of construction, winding size.
156. List special features (any four) of isolation transformer with any four
applications.4marks Summer 2018G