Untitled

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A FITNESS HANDBOOK ON ENHANCING THE PHYSICAL HEALTH AND

LIFESTYLE OF REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL III STUDENTS
A Research Proposal
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Capstone
Hannah Rae R. Asuncion

Kiezle G. Caparanga
Luisa Jean T. Evangelista
Jenice Francine A. Fenomeno
Hallie Kaith A. Pampolino
Toni Ela B. Samala
Lea Ann L. Pitogo – Alegre, MAEd-Gen. Sci.

Research Adviser
Regional Science High School III
July 8, 2022
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Approval Sheet
This research entitled, “A FITNESS HANDBOOK ON ENHANCING THE PHYSICAL HEALTH
AND LIFESTYLE OF REGIONAL SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL III STUDENTS” has been prepared and
submitted by Hannah Rae R. Asuncion, Kiezle G. Caparanga, Luisa Jean T. Evangelista, Jenice
Francine A. Fenomeno, Hallie Kaith A. Pampolino, and Toni Ela B. Samala in partial fulfilment
of the requirements for the subject Capstone has been examined and hereby recommended
for approval and acceptance.
LEA ANN P. ALEGRE

Research Adviser
Approved by the COMMITTEE ON ORAL EXAMINATION with the grade of _____:
KIMBERLY D. MIRAFLOR RACHELLE M. TABLAN

Member, Research Panel Member, Research Panel
ZALDY JOSE M. LAZARA JR.

Member, Research Panel
Accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the subject Capstone.
Recommending Approval:
APRIL JOY V. ALBIOR

SHSMT-II / STEM GROUP HEAD
Approved:
RODERICK A. TADEO, PhD

Principal IV
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Acknowledgement
The researchers would like to acknowledge and express their heartfelt gratitude to the
following people who, in any way, lend a hand and supported them in order to successfully
pursue and finish the study.
To the good office of Regional Science High School III, especially the school principal,
Dr. Roderick A. Tadeo, for permitting the researchers in the pursuit and accomplishment of
the study.
To the hands-on research adviser, Mrs. Lea Ann P. Alegre, for her utmost effort in
assisting the researchers and ensuring the quality of the study, which played a significant role
in its completion.
To the panel of examiners for sharing their expertise in hopes of improving the work
of the researchers.
To the main participants, particularly the 60 learners of RSHS III, for their voluntary
participation, which paved the way for the gathering of information necessary for the study.
To the licensed medical professionals, Dr. Benjamin Terencio III and Dra. Bernadette
Terencio, for being able to share their wisdom and perspectives on certain health topics, which
led the students to make significant changes in their physical health and lifestyle.
To the parents and families of the researchers, for the unwavering love and support
they have provided their children, whether it was motivational or financial, in order to
completely accomplish the study.

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Above all, to the Almighty God, for blessing the researchers with wisdom throughout
their entire journey, for giving them the perseverance to continue pursuing the study for the
greater good, and for the grace that made the whole study possible and successful.
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Dedication
With the intention of becoming a helping hand in preventing the continued
degradation of their physical health conditions, this research paper is dedicated to the hopes
of tomorrow – the youth. Because this congested stage of development is susceptible to
neglecting certain basic necessities, it is beneficial for them to seek the utmost guidance they
need.
With that, may “BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook” be a stepping stone for the enhancement
of their physical health and lifestyle and serve as an encouragement for them to pursue being
physically fit while adhering to the campus curriculum standards, and eventually be
independent and discover their own health-focused routine.

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Abstract
Researchers: Hannah Rae R. Asuncion, Kiezle G. Caparanga, Luisa Jean T. Evangelista, Jenice
Francine A. Fenomeno, Hallie Kaith A. Pampolino, Toni Ela B. Samala
Title: A Fitness Handbook on Enhancing the Physical Health and Lifestyle of Regional Science
High School III Students
Key Concepts: fitness handbook, physical health, lifestyle, eating habits, physical activities
Grade Level/Strand/Specialization: 12 – STEM
Adviser: Lea Ann P. Alegre
Being subjected to an educational institution is documented to be a necessity as much
as it is adversely affecting people in numerous detrimental ways. Without a doubt, intervention
methods, in whatever form, are paramountly essential. In the Philippines, Pascoe et al. (2019)
reported that students in secondary and tertiary education settings face a wide spectrum of
chronic pressures related to academic obligations. This manifests in an array of undesirable
outturns, including physical health issues and lifestyle concerns. As a result, "BEneFIT: A
Fitness Handbook" was created as an instructional supplement to help students become more
literate and attentive to their physical health. The basic foundation for BEneFIT’s existence is
the continuous in-depth research and interpretation of the absence of propriety in health
manners — curriculum standards. From this, "BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook" addresses many
sorts of external environmental problems, with the student participants in this study being a
consistent group of people who have engaged in previous collimates of questions and
examinations about their physical health. The said handbook holistically received strong
agreements on its content, visual, and organization in being able to aid information in
promoting health tips and recommendations. The validity of these agreements was further
demonstrated by the participants’ testimonies, which showed striking improvements in their
health approach despite external disturbances. In the long run, "BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook"
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may be accessed at any time and can continue to make small-scale modifications based on
current societal inclinations.

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Table of Contents
Title Page .............................................................................................................................. 1
Approval Sheet ...................................................................................................................... 2
Acknowledgement ................................................................................................................. 3
Dedication ............................................................................................................................. 5
Abstract ................................................................................................................................ 6
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. 8
List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... 10
List of Tables....................................................................................................................... 11
List of Appendices ............................................................................................................... 12
The Problem and Literature Review
Project Background .................................................................................................. 13
Literature Review ..................................................................................................... 18
Project Framework ................................................................................................... 28
Project Significance .................................................................................................. 29
Project Scope and Limitation .................................................................................... 31
Statement of the Problem ........................................................................................ 32
Assumption ............................................................................................................. 32
Definition of Terms .................................................................................................. 33
Methods
Design....................................................................................................................34
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Materials and Procedure .......................................................................................... 35
Data Collection........................................................................................................36
Data Analysis ........................................................................................................... 37
Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................ 38
Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions ............................................................................................................. 51
Recommendations ................................................................................................... 52
The Output .......................................................................................................................... 54
Bibliography ........................................................................................................................ 71
Appendices ......................................................................................................................... 81
Curriculum Vitae ................................................................................................................. 92

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List of Figures
Figure No. Title Page(s)
1 Input-Process-Output- 28
Outcome Model
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List of Tables
Table No. Title Page(s)
1 Descriptions of the Students 38

on the Fitness Handbook’s
Content

Visual

Organization
4 Level of Satisfaction of the 43

Students with their Diet

Students with their Number
of Meals eaten per week

Students with their Physical
Activities

Students with their Energy
Expenditure
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List of Appendices
Appendix Letter Title Page(s)
A Permission to Conduct 81
Letter
B Students’ Survey 84
Questionnaire
C Survey Results 88
D Raw Data 91
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The Problem and Literature Review
Project Background
Health is more than the absence of sickness or weakness; it is the condition of total
physical, mental, and social well-being. It is a positive resource that encompasses both social
and personal resources as well as physical abilities (World Health Organization, 2020).
Excessive schoolwork and academic demands have been documented in studies to be
damaging to students' mental and physical health. In line with this, according to a study by
Oden (2022) entitled, "Factors Responsible for Poor Health Habits Among Secondary School
Students," good health is a life asset that is too easily taken for granted and ignored, because
students in schools are exposed to a variety of circumstances that affect many aspects of their
lives, including their overall well-being. Consequently, a study entitled, "The Impact of Stress
on Students in Secondary School and Higher Education," by Pascoe et. al., (2019) reported that
students in secondary and tertiary education settings experience a wide spectrum of chronic
pressures associated with academic obligations. Hence this leads to the development of health
problems, such as chronic non-communicable illnesses, which reduce physical activity and
promote poor lifestyle behaviors.
With an increasing number of students experiencing high levels of stress, it is
important for students, as well as their parents and teachers, to be more aware of the physical
and health conditions of students. This information is particularly concerning because
according to a survey, Filipino teenagers rank near the bottom of 146 countries in terms of
physical activity, and 93.4 percent of school-aged Filipinos aged 11 to 17 are physically
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inactive, according to a study published in the journal called, “The Lancet Child & Adolescent
Health” in 2016 (Viray, 2019).
With the abovementioned issues, the researchers have thought of creating a physically
published handbook for the students of RSHS III. Supporting this decision is an article from
Colorado State University in 2022, according to them, online dissemination may be cheaper
and easier but there will be no clear way on how the target audience will be reached. Corollary,
if the publication is concerned with the said circumstance, it would be more agreeable to
physically publish it for public use. Thus, local advertisers – that being said the teachers and
co-students – will be able to share and recommend the physical copy with other audiences
continuously for as long as the issue needs catering.
Moreover, the actual notion that age as a wavelength is an important factor in
propagating information is noteworthy. Considering that the target audience belongs to the
same age group as those of the researcher-authors, the created product would leave higher
chances of being understood fluently. This is supported by a research study entitled,
“Information Dissemination Analysis of Different Media towards the Application for Disaster
Pre-Warning” by Zhang, et al (2022) whereby the results of the aforementioned study reported
that age groups of 16 to 35 years old have a higher influencing factor in disseminating
information towards young audiences.
Printed materials such as textbooks, journals, and magazines, have been shown to be
effective in learning in addition to their usefulness in transmitting accurate and credible
information. Despite the emergence of new and technologically enhanced modes of learning,
they serve as the primary source of effective education as they are portable, readily available,
cost-effective, and comfortable to use particularly for students and teachers (Chen Loyola,
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2014). Having said that, one can conclude that handbooks have a beneficial value for
individuals and can undoubtedly assist them in learning new things. To further back this up,
Aboglila (2021) conducted a study entitled, "Impact of Print Media on Student's Academic
Performance of Varanasi City, India," whereby their findings found that the majority of their
respondents aged 11 to 19 confirmed that print media sources were helpful in their academic
performance multiple cases as they cover many educational and informative issues.
As a matter of fact, the effectiveness of printed materials does not end there.
According to the former study, print media encouraged both public and private school
students to do new and innovative things with their academic projects and assignments. That
being said, it is reasonable to assume that handbooks have the potential to persuade people
to do something for their own good. In this regard, printed materials have been related to
greater knowledge retention in multiple studies, and neuroscience implies that printed
marketing materials offer higher emotional impact and persuasiveness. Meanwhile, Fitzgerald
(2019) discovered that the majority of readers certainly prefer printed publications for
personal enjoyment and leisure. This was also demonstrated in a study by Shabiralyani et al.
(2015) entitled, "Impact of Visual Aids in Enhancing the Learning Process Case Research:
District Dera Ghazi Khan," which identified that the majority of their respondents, both
students and teachers, had positive perceptions of using visual aids in reading texts. Given
that, the inclusion of reliable data and visual aids in handbooks have been proven to not only
persuade the public but also to bring delight.
Moving on, these printed resources – notably books and journals – are extensively
used in physical education learning. In keeping with the study by Morbo (2021) entitled,
“Instructional Materials and Alternative Teaching Practices in Physical Education”, it is

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suggested that schools should supply teachers and students with new and up-to-date sports
publications, as well as other teaching tools that will aid teachers in the physical classroom;
as handbooks truly have a significant impact on a student’s learning, entertainment, and
motivation to improve their health.
A fitness handbook discusses how to set good health condition goals, offers exercising
strategies, creates healthy habits, and introduces what is essential and good for one's health.
Inside a handbook, people will be able to find everything they need to start safe and effective
fitness activities as well as to make their current physical health condition one step ahead.
With a fitness handbook, consumers will understand what is vital for one's state, evaluate their
current fitness level, set realistic health goals based on individual needs, and learn how to
change health-related behaviors to meet long-term goals (Franks, 2013).
Fitness instructions from a handbook effectively improve people's lifestyle and health
as it showcases the benefits of getting fit and create a change in someone's perspective about
being healthy. This was proven in the review section of the handbook entitled, "The Health
Fitness Handbook" by Franks et al. (2018), where the readers are able to jot comments in line
with the material’s accessibility, informational access, straightforwardness, and the capability
to address questions and misconceptions that people tend to have when it comes to their
health. Furthermore, one of its readers testified that the fitness handbook is a panacea for all
the misinformation being disseminated about exercise, diet, and weight control. Also, it has
scientifically accurate answers to all aspects of physical health and fitness questions. On a
final note, a handbook containing fitness instructions is a functional strategy to share
information along with influencing people to enhance their physical health.

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The utilization of handbooks for fitness information dissemination serves as a gateway
for immortalizing the material for the long-term use of consumers in improving their physical
health. This is in line with the findings of Mott et al., (2012) in their study entitled,
“Effectiveness of a personalized fitness module on knowledge, attitude, and cardiovascular
endurance of fifth-grade students: "heart smart" which shows that the incorporation of
customized modules into health and physical education curricula has the potential to
encourage lifelong activity patterns and fitness. In addition, the content of workout manuals
reveals the larger preferences and attitudes of fitness consumers (Maguire, 2012).
With all things being said, the trend of student society as of present lacking rhetoric
forces in the field of physical health and lifestyle posed a consequential drawback towards
their state of well-being. These circumstances introduced extents of pressure and burnout
among them as students and better yet, as individuals. In consideration of these troubles, this
research study digressed on propagating a fitness handbook containing consistent sets of
good health amplifications among Regional Science High School III students with the aim to
propagate their physical health sustainability and enhancement. On top of that, this dynamic
of researcher-to-correspondent being on par in terms of environment stroked a favorable
feature of this study. Corollary, the researchers deemed fit that through this extensive
approach of scrutinizing data, the complacency of being able to disseminate information and
the learners’ state of fluency in internalizing the handbook would be high in a sense. In closing
the course of conducting this study, it was undeniable that a fitness handbook stroked high
chances of long-term enhancement towards the learners’ physical health and overall lifestyle
and in return, it opened them to varying levels of alleviation.

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Literature Review
Effects of the Educational Curriculum on the Overall Health of Students
Without a doubt, there is a relationship between education and health. The connection
between these two aspects has been thoroughly established in health literature, with the
adage that "better health leads to better education." However, the extent of this linkage could
also go the other way, asserting that better education also leads to better health. As defined
by The Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica (2020), health is “the extent of an individual’s
continuing physical, emotional, mental, and social ability to cope with his or her environment.”
Given this, it is difficult to dispute that education and its related aspects can have a serious
effect on a person's overall health, particularly that of a student.
In this regard, a study by Oden (2022) entitled, “Factors Responsible for Poor Health
Habits Among Secondary School Students,” found that learners are presented with a plethora
of changes that affect all aspects of their lives, including their well-being. As a result, their
health has been unwittingly overlooked and compromised, with one of the contributing
factors being the existing educational curriculum. In light of this, it is reasonable to conclude
that this known hazard to the educational system constitutes a major risk to the well-being
of every student. This is further backed by the notion that if the curriculum is not designed
to sustain the well-being of each learner, it may inadvertently contribute to the exacerbation
of their health-related issues (Enhancing Student Wellbeing, 2016).
Still, on the matter of education and health, academic-related stress, which is the
body's response to scholastic demands that surpass the adaptive capabilities of students, is
one of the repercussions of the current curriculum. In line with the study entitled, “Perception
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of Academic Stress Among Health Science Preparatory Program Students in Two Saudi
Universities” by Alsulami et al. (2018), academic stress affects ten to thirty percent of students
at some point during their educational careers. Learners who attend institutions with high
academic standards are undoubtedly under a tremendous deal of stress, which can, later on,
have a severe impact on their general health. Academic overload, according to the same study,
is one of the most often stated stressors in the educational environment, which is extensively
encountered by students at public science high schools and is thought to have a negative
effect not only on the physical but also on the mental health of students.
Physical Health and Lifestyle of Students
Confronted with numerous problems and expectations to perform well in school,
students may experience stress because of their inability to meet all obligations (Santos,
2018). Similarly, due to inapt lifestyle choices, excessive levels of academic stress may lead
to the development of non-communicable diseases (Pervanidou & Chrousos, 2012).
Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines lifestyle as "a person's, a group's, or a culture's
usual way of life." Divided into two types: positive (healthy) and negative (unhealthy). A healthy
lifestyle consists of eating a well-balanced diet, exercising regularly, refraining from
cigarettes and drugs, and obtaining plenty of rest, whereas an unhealthy lifestyle is a contrary
(British Broadcasting Corporation, 2021). Unfortunately, as a result of sustaining education
curriculum standards, the latter is gradually becoming the case for the lifestyle status of the
country's student population. A statement from DepEd Undersecretary for Curriculum and
Instruction Diosdado San Antonio affirms this. In a previous year's virtual press briefing, he
stated that during the curriculum review, DepEd discovered that the curriculum – particularly
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the intended curriculum – is congested, making it burdensome for learners (Malipot, 2021).
This burden has also influenced how students' current lifestyle is at risk of deteriorating
further into an unhealthy condition.
The research entitled, "The Assessment of Lifestyle Status among High School and
College Students in Luzon, Philippines" by Dungog et al. (2021), revealed that healthy living
components included in the Healthy Lifestyle Screening Tool (HLST) received poor mean
scores among high school and college students. The respondents' low rankings on the factors,
including water intake, air, rest, exercise, nutrition, and general physical condition, reflect an
unhealthy lifestyle. This information is congruent with Tamanal and Kim's (2020) study, which
used the same evaluation technique. According to the HLS evaluation results, lifestyle
components of water intake, rest, and exercise were low among high school students
compared to other elements (e.g., sunshine, nutrition, air, temperance, trust, and general
physical condition).
According to studies, diet – specifically, a well-balanced diet, is one of the components
of a healthy lifestyle. Several studies, however, have revealed a widespread decline in the
students' ability to sustain such a diet. Catequista and Uy (2014) performed research among
private high school students in Iloilo City, Philippines, which discovered that students
occasionally disregard typical mealtimes, such as breakfast, lunch, dinner, or Eating Time
Habit (ETH). They would somewhat compensate for missing a meal with Irregular Eating Time,
such as eating while watching TV, studying, or in class. Furthermore, based on a cross-
sectional study published by Peltzer and Pengpid (2015), a large proportion of the country's
learners ate fewer than two servings of fruits and vegetables per day in 2003 and did not
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change in 2007 or 2011. Teenagers consume unhealthy diets that do not meet their
nutritional needs, as reported by The State of the World's Children: Children, Food, and
Nutrition. On top of that, 42 percent of school-aged youths globally drink carbonated soft
drinks at least once a day, and 46 percent consume fast food at least once a week (UNICEF,
2019).
Aside from diet, another lifestyle component included by the Healthy Lifestyle
Screening Tool with a low mean score among Filipino high school students was physical
activity or exercise (Tamanal & Kim, 2020). Accordingly, the same cross-sectional study
mentioned in the preceding paragraph by Peltzer and Pengpid (2015) presented that
predominantly, in-school adolescents in the Philippines (approximately 86–93 percent) had
less than five days per week, that lasts 60 minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical
activity. This data has increased from 2003 to 2007 but returned to 2003 levels in 2011.
Students' attitudes like these may be attributable to the obligation of prolonged studying,
which stops them from devoting adequate time to physical exercise (Çelebi et al., 2017). With
all of the information mentioned above, adherence to particular curriculum standards hasn't
just placed students under a great deal of stress and pressure; it also changed their health
habits, putting their physical health and current lifestyle choices in jeopardy.
Pre-existing School-Based Programs on Enhancing Students’ Physical Health and
Lifestyle
In line with these issues, there have been school-based programs that focused on
enhancing the students' physical health which would, in the long run, also help improve their
overall lifestyle. Deteriorating health in students not only exists in the Philippines but is also
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being a problem across the globe. Consequently, there is this study from South Africa entitled,
"Improving Children's Health Through School-Based Screening: A Case Study from The Eastern
Cape and Kwazulu-Natal Provinces of South Africa and Physical Activity" by Potterton and
Mackenzie (2015). In this study, they screened students based on height, weight, physical
condition, and general health then, they put the qualified students under their program to
help improve their physical health. As a qualitative result, they have observed improvements
in the student's overall health. In addition to this is the mentioned study's main purpose,
which is similar to this research's, which is to eliminate or reduce these existing physical
health issues as it hinders the students in academic performance.
On another note, is from the Philippines' Department of Education, where they have
recently created a program called "Galaw Pilipinas" to aid the student's physical health,
specifically made for ages 5 to 17 through calisthenics exercise. DepEd's undersecretary,
Diosdado San Antonio (2022), has said that this program stresses the value that schools
should not just focus on cognitive learning but should also consider the physical health of the
students. This is one of the researcher's points in this study; as RSHS III students themselves,
they have observed that the majority of its students are very conscious of their grades to the
point of neglecting their physical health.
Effectivity of Handbooks in Disseminating Information and Persuasion
A handbook is a type of printed material or other collection of instructions that is
intended to provide credible information to anyone who will get in touch with it. Therefore, in
order for a handbook to be effective in sharing information, it should focus on giving facts,
guidance, and unambiguous information. In line with this is a study conducted by Gosme et
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al. (2015), where it was stated that accuracy, certainty, and conciseness, are some of the most
essential things in creating a handbook since lives might well depend on the quality of
information presented.
Furthermore, handbooks play a major role in terms of persuasion. To support this
statement, Fulton et al. (2013) mentioned in their book entitled, “Creating the Conditions for
School Improvement: A Handbook” that handbooks should present useful ideas and materials
that will convince the people to help with the betterment of certain issues or topics being
addressed. With these, multiple studies indicate that utilizing handbooks tends to have a vital
effect in disseminating beneficial information as well as in persuading someone to do
something worth it.
Influence of Handbooks in Learning and Improving Physical Health and Lifestyle
A fitness handbook is a manual that gives an individual the skills that they need to
start and stick to a personal fitness program. Aside from practices and demonstrations it also
provides complete advice on choosing and planning workouts to suit an individual’s specific
need, reference exercises, photographic sequences, and nutritional advice. Furthermore, it is
a book that will either motivate or encourage an individual to build their physique, enhance
resistance, flexibility, or muscular mass without having to leave their home. With that said, it
is developed with the intention of improving a person's life by providing a diverse variety of
engaging programs and activities to promote healthy lifestyles and increase engagement and
happiness (Roanoke College Faculty, 2018).
This goal can be further supplemented by the review section of a specific handbook
entitled, “Student's Anatomy of Exercise Manual: 50 Essential Exercises Including Weights,

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Stretches, And Cardio 1st Edition” by Ashwell (2012), whereby the readers attested for finding
this material helpful both for anatomy and sports physiology because of its detail in the
muscular, skeletal, and neurological systems. It describes the names of the exercises, the
muscle groups they target, and how to do them. Additionally, because of its comprehensive
coverage of useful data ranging from easy exercises and stretches to those that can be done
with weights equipment, this guidebook is believed to be excellent for both teachers and
students. With this, fitness handbooks are considered as manuals, facilitators, and promoters
of good health.
Basis for Describing a Handbook
Handbooks are a good way to promote reliable sources of information. However,
before any printed material can be considered a credible source of information, the
assessment of its content must be conducted. And as per Mohajan (2017), the two most
fundamental and crucial criteria in evaluating any instrument or tool for successful research
are reliability and validity.
In consideration of this, the research study of Siqueira et al. (2020) entitled, "Validation
of A Handbook on Suicide Prevention Among Students: Talking Is the Best Solution," is a good
example. To assess the content and layout of a suicide prevention handbook, it
employed content validation with expert judges and semantic validation with the target
audience. An evaluated handbook covers its content and visual, as well as its organization,
respectively.
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Basis for a Satisfaction Level Questionnaire
To assess the effectivity of the to-be-created handbook, the researchers have thought
of taking the consumers’ level of satisfaction. In this project, students will be given a specially
structured survey questionnaire to assess their satisfaction levels from the handbook created.
Supporting this idea is an assessment study similar to this research entitled, “The Uses of
Printed Curriculum Materials by Teachers During Instruction and the Social Construction of
Pedagogic Discourse in Physical Education” by Peiro-Velert et al. (2015), which tests printed
curriculum materials, such as student textbooks, by showing the highest and lowest levels of
teacher’s satisfaction. In addition to this, to strengthen the thought of using the level of
satisfaction, is a journal authored by Kamphius (2014) wherein the consumers' experiences
are noted in assessing the degree of satisfaction.
Meanwhile, DeFranzo (2021) suggests that giving satisfaction questions to
participants is critical in determining if a product is successfully providing its purpose and to
know if there are improvements needed to be done. He also advises using level of satisfaction
in the scales and not the commonly used “very good” or “very poor” ratings. These degrees
are very satisfied, satisfied, okay, dissatisfied, and very dissatisfied. With these considerations
in mind, it is evident that in order to measure the effectiveness of the handbook, it is necessary
to get the level of satisfaction of the students by developing a specialized questionnaire tool.
Synthesis
Physical education, even with the absence of emphasizing such endeavor as a formal
discipline, is a vital need for every individual to take hold of serious matters. Our bodies are
the medium vehicle to conduct one's wishes, and it is only necessary to presume that one
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must look after their condition. With that, what better way to materialize awareness in
physicality – students, specifically – than education? Indeed, there is a significant relationship
between health and education, in view of the fact that they go hand-in-hand to ensure a
flourishing physique. Society has defined and awaited it upon students that having better
health leads to better education; while that, one can give credence to a suggested claim that,
if one obtains high-quality physical literacy, it will then lead to high-quality education.
Perhaps the aforementioned notions imposed by the former society have been one of
the underlying setbacks of physical health. Since in viewing the dispositions of students
through a materialistic lens, a research study entitled, "The Assessment of Lifestyle Status
among High School and College Students in Luzon, Philippines" by Dungog et al. (2021) –
which is also stated in the former parts of this selection – the findings were claimed to receive
poor mean scores among high school and college students, whereby the factors of these
results lie in water intake, air, rest, exercise, nutrition, and the like.
By that remark, that wraps up the assertion of the relationship between health and
education; because what that only says is, physical education must not only be a supplemental
subject matter in any campus curriculum but a fundamental one. Indeed, something must be
done. Despite the drawbacks that either come from a student’s manner of treating physical
education as a subject, a teacher’s limitation from personality factors or access to equipped
facilities, or even the administration that provides endeavors for physical betterment avenues,
the mentioned obstacle will not be overcome by pointing fingers.
Concurrently, a handbook is a type of printed material or other collection of
instructions that are intended to provide credible information to anyone who will get in touch
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with it. Therefore, in order for a handbook to be an effective informational material, it should
focus on sharing facts, guidance, and unambiguous information. The contemplation of a
fitness handbook serving as a purposeful and beneficial intervention among teachers and
students for improving physical health as a discipline and as a lifestyle is commendable, since
handbooks also play a major role in terms of persuasion.
Corollary, to stimulate the readers’ understanding, visual assistance and
encouragement, a contemporary form of influencing students, are efficient approaches that
provide a high sense of complacency for fluent comprehension, given that the main target for
this fitness handbook is the youth – particularly, the student body. The dissemination of
handbooks is not only intended to garner attention, but it is also accompanied by a good
cause, as in constructing fitness handbooks, and it is developed with the intention of
improving a person's life by providing a diverse range of engaging activities and programs to
promote a healthy lifestyle and increase engagement and happiness (Roanoke College Faculty,
2018).
To solidify that aim, the effectiveness of the said handbook was accompanied by a
description of its content, visual, and organization, as well as a survey of satisfaction levels
from selected participants, avoiding a one-dimensional dissemination approach. It goes
without saying that not only students but also teachers need support. This intervention would
benefit all individuals who have been involved, namely, the students, teachers, parents,
administrative persons, and the like.

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Project Framework
The following figure represents the framework of the project:
Figure 1
Input Process Output Outcome

• Development of the
fitness handbook
• Students’ description
of the fitness
handbook in terms
of:
a. Content;
b. Visual; and
Content of the Fitness c. Organization
Handbook on • Assessment on the
Enhancing the level of satisfaction
Publicized Fitness
Physical Health and of RSHS III students Improved Physical
Handbook on
Lifestyle of RSHS III in utilizing the Health and
Enhancing the Physical
Students, written by fitness handbook Lifestyle of RSHS
Health and Lifestyle of
the student through a III Students
RSHS III Students
researchers, and questionnaire in
assisted by terms of:
professionals a. Diet;
b. Number of Meals
eaten per week;
c. Physical Activities;
and
d. Energy
Expenditure
• Statistical analysis
and interpretation of
data
The figure shown above provides the overall structure of the research project by
addressing the organization of ideas and emphasis on the research process.
Designated in the leftmost box is the input of the framework consisting of the content
of the fitness handbook on enhancing the physical health and lifestyle of RSHS III students,
29
written by the student researchers, and assisted by professionals, which were supported by a
comprehensive literature review conducted using different search engines, such as Google
Scholar and PubMed, to learn more about existing researches on the content of the fitness
handbook on improving students' physical health and lifestyle. This factor determined the
result of the project, more commonly known as the project’s output. Following this were the
processes involved which were intermediary mechanisms in transforming the inputs into
outputs or products.
In this project, the process encompassed the development of the fitness handbook,
which was assessed later on through the RSHS III students’ descriptions of the said handbook,
based on its content, visual, and organization, as well as the level of satisfaction of these
students with their physical health and lifestyle experiences after utilizing the said material
through a structured survey questionnaire. After which, the data gathered were subjected to
a thorough statistical analysis and interpretation. These processes now paved the way for the
publication of a fitness handbook on enhancing the physical health and lifestyle of RSHS III
students - the expected output of this study. Lastly, the publication of the fitness handbook
helped the researchers achieve the expected outcome of the project, indicated in the
rightmost box of the framework, which is the improved physical health and lifestyle of RSHS
III students.
Project Significance
The findings of the project were deemed significant to the following entities:
Department of Education (DepEd). The fitness handbook will serve as a reminder to
the department that existing educational systems and curriculums at all levels of education,
30
particularly secondary schools, need to be supplemented in order to better protect learners'
physical well-being. In addition, the department will surely benefit from the detailed
information included in the handbook regarding the ideal physical health and lifestyle of
different students through enhancing their educational delivery and service, specifically in
physical education.
Regional Science High School III (RSHS III). The fitness handbook will be significantly
beneficial to this institution through contributing pertinent information on the ideal physical
health and lifestyle of different students, which may assist the school administration in
considering and prioritizing their learners’ physical health. Further to that, the said school will
be aware of the present state of well-being of the student population, allowing for the
implementation of suitable actions in addition to the distribution of the handbook.
Teachers. The fitness handbook will be exceedingly helpful to teachers in terms of
providing them with precise information about their students' current physical health
condition as well as realistic data on the ideal physical health and lifestyle that they can adopt.
Additionally, because this handbook is specifically tailored for RSHS III students, they can
utilize it in the classroom or when teaching physical education, perhaps contributing to the
betterment of their students' physical well-being.
Parents. The fitness handbook can serve as a guide to the parents or guardians of
RSHS III students. This can help them grow closer and understand what the students feel to
be able to support them in ways that they can to improve their physical health.
Students. Once the fitness handbook is published, the students of RSHS III can use it
as a basis for how they will adjust their schedules to take care of their physical health.
Furthermore, the product focuses its benefits on the students because once the parents and
31
the departments know about the contents of the handbook, there can be programs, and/or
adjustments made specifically for the students’ physical health.
Future Researchers. The strenuous process of making the fitness handbook will be
hugely advantageous to future researchers as it will serve as a constructive guide and a
credible reference for the following generation, supplying them with relevant data that they
can use to develop a product similar to this.
Project Scope and Limitation
This project aimed to design a fitness handbook on enhancing the physical health and
lifestyle of Regional Science High School III students. Furthermore, there was an assessment
regarding on how the students may describe the fitness handbook within specific parameters,
including its content, visual, and organization. Additionally, the project assessed the level of
satisfaction of the students with their physical health and lifestyle experiences after utilizing
the said material, which involved their diet, number of meals eaten per week, physical
activities, and energy expenditure. Overall, this project focused on encouraging the RSHS III
students to take better care of their physical health in order to benefit at greater cost on a
long-term basis.
However, due to the pandemic, the current set-up still hindered the researchers from
personally meeting the participants and conducting a face-to-face survey. Hence, the
collection of data was conducted through an online survey, preferably with the use of a survey
administration software. Likewise, attributable to the same reason of being in this pandemic
situation and considering that the printing and binding of the said product could take a long
time, the created fitness handbook was distributed to the student respondents in electronic
32
soft copies first, before physical hard copies, in order to collect data and information for the
study much faster.
Statement of the Problem
The project aimed to determine how satisfied Regional Science High School III students
are with the fitness handbook in terms of encouraging them to enhance their physical health
and lifestyle.
Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions:
1. How may the students describe the fitness handbook in terms of:
a. Content;
b. Visual; and
c. Organization?
2. How would the students describe their level of satisfaction with their physical health
and lifestyle experiences after utilizing the fitness handbook in terms of:
a. Diet;
b. Number of Meals eaten per week;
c. Physical Activities; and
d. Energy Expenditure?
Assumption
Ho: There are no satisfactory descriptions of the students' experiences with their physical
health and lifestyle after utilizing the fitness handbook.

33
Definition of Terms
Burnout. It is an attitude or appearance formed by extreme tiredness by continually
feeling overwhelmed.
Department of Education (DepEd). It is the existing executive governmental
department of the Philippines that devises, administers, and systematizes policies that cater
to the quality of basic education in the Philippines.
Diet. It refers to the kind of food that a person or being habitually consumes.
Energy Expenditure. It is the amount of vitality present in a person, and how they
spend it. This includes how a particular person’s mood in terms of energy materializes and is
usually taken note of on a daily basis.
Physical Health. It is a branch and state of well-being that covers a broad range of
eating habits, weight, hygiene, rest, and such. It also envelops the capability of a person to
conduct occupation and recreational activities.
Regional Science High School III (RSHS III). It is a science high school located in East
Kalayaan, Subic Bay Freeport Zone in Olongapo City, Zambales. The aforementioned
educational institution accommodates students from seventh to twelfth grade, considering
that its constituents fall under the STEM strand.

34
Methods
Design
This study entitled, “A Fitness Handbook on Enhancing the Physical Health and
Lifestyle of Regional Science High School III Students,” is a descriptive quantitative type of
research, whereby it specifically digressed on propagating a physical fitness handbook that
consists of sets of good health amplifications among Regional Science High School III students
with the aim to propagate their physical health and lifestyle enhancement and sustainability.
Having said that, simple random, quota, and convenience sampling were incorporated.
With this, the simple random sampling was utilized for the actual fact that ten random
and voluntary students were modeled from each existing grade level within the campus; the
quota sampling was used as well since there was an established limit of ten participants per
strata – which pertains to the selected ten students from each grade level; and, the
convenience sampling was beneficially implemented because the researchers and
respondents resided in the same campus, enabling them to have similar environmental
dispositions.
The congruent set in this study was all of the respondents who engaged in the set of
questions and examinations from the prior data collection via messaging platforms.
Meanwhile, the quantitative data that were gathered by a survey questionnaire include the
assessments on how students from RSHS III would describe the fitness handbook using
parameters provided by the researchers based on past comprehensive literature, along with
their level of satisfaction in utilizing the said material. Furthermore, these variables were
35
analyzed and interpreted to distinguish the effect of the fitness handbook on the students’
physical health and lifestyle, with the expectation that it will improve their well-being.
Materials and Procedure
The 37-page fitness handbook was developed as a project. The texts and designs of
the handbook were made through Canva, an online graphic platform used to create visual
media contents. The researchers collaborated by sharing the editable file through a link. After
the making, the handbook underwent publication, where the editing, proofreading, and
printing were done.
The fitness handbooks were then distributed to the teachers and students of RSHS III
as an instructional material. In the meantime, owing to the current pandemic, electronic soft
copies of the fitness handbooks were given. Aside from the threatening risks of the pandemic,
the printing and binding of 60 copies would take several days. Thus, sending soft copies of
these surely saved time, allowing the researchers to complete the data and information
collection for the project without delay.
The said handbook contained credible information about one’s physical health and the
ways to improve their lifestyle. All information came from the Internet, journals, and other
reliable materials. The researchers made sure that the details comprising the fitness
handbook were coming from valid sources and were written by health professionals.
Furthermore, the images were also obtained from the Internet, and the researchers ensured
to give credit to their rightful owners.

36
Following the development of the fitness handbook, the researchers provided an
online survey questionnaire as a measurement method for this study. It was suitable to use
because it allowed the researchers to determine RSHS III students’ descriptions of the said
handbook, as well as the level of satisfaction of these students with their physical health and
lifestyle experiences after utilizing the said material. Appropriately, the researchers first
sought the approval and validation of the instrument from their research adviser. Then, a
Likert Scale survey was conducted on the selected RSHS III students through the use of Google
Forms.
Data Collection
Before proceeding with the data collection procedure, the researchers first asked for
the consent of the school principal with a written request letter, and in this, the school
principal was notified that this research project was carried out while preserving the
confidentiality and privacy of the respondents' profiles and data. In addition, the researchers
sent letters of consent to the study's volunteer participants, confirming their willingness to
participate. This letter included well-written statements that provided an overview of the
study, explaining how these respondents were crucial to the research, and emphasizing that
any findings that were acquired were kept confidential. The consent letters to the participants
were distributed to the same student respondents that participated in the Inquiries,
Investigation, and Immersion subject data gathering procedure via Facebook Messenger, a
messaging platform.
In the data collection procedure, the fitness handbook was distributed to the voluntary
student respondents of RSHS III. This was done to determine how the students would describe
37
the fitness handbook and to measure their satisfaction level, which were both based on their
experiences in using the fitness handbook to enhance their physical well-being, through a
structured survey questionnaire created via Google Forms. The respondents' quantitative data
collected in the said questionnaire were examined using statistical methods. With this, the
gathered data were used to show how the fitness handbook improves the physical health and
lifestyle of the students.
Data Analysis
Considering that this study is a descriptive quantitative type of research, the
researchers employed a Likert scale question-based survey to collect data and information,
as well as to determine how the students would describe the material’s content, visual, and
organization, along with their level of satisfaction in utilizing the created fitness handbook
that focused on improving their physical health and lifestyle. Moreover, in quantifying the
data collected from the survey questionnaire, this study used a descriptive statistical tool;
specifically, the arithmetic mean. In layman's terms, this is the average of a definite dataset.
To further demonstrate its compatibility, these ratings fall under the ratio for its level of
measurement, which has been technically defined as proper for this sort of statistical
instrument. On top of that, the researchers also analyzed and interpreted the data using
frequency counts and verbal interpretations.

38
Results and Discussion
This chapter discusses the analysis and interpretation of all data collected in response
to the research questions posed in the first chapter of this study. Furthermore, the statistical
results and findings presented below were supported by relevant literature and studies.
Table 1
Descriptions of the Students on the Fitness Handbook’s Content
Statement Mean Verbal Interpretation

The purpose of the fitness handbook can be 4.8 Strongly Agree
clearly understood.
The fitness handbook provided relevant 4.7 Strongly Agree
information on one’s physical health and
lifestyle.
The instructions were written for my 4.6 Strongly Agree
specific level of knowledge and skills.
The instructions were motivating to follow. 4.6 Strongly Agree
All the contained information was 4.8 Strongly Agree
supported by credible sources.
Average 4.7 Strongly Agree
The means of this section, which focused on the descriptions of the student
respondents on the fitness handbook's content, may be understood from Table 1. Its verbal
interpretations, as well as the average of the means, were also provided. Moreover, the
computed means are relatively high in comparison to one another. Despite this, there were
still existing variances.
It is exhibited on the first table that the calculated means for each item on the survey
ranged from 4.6 to 4.8, all corresponding to the verbal interpretation of "Strongly Agree" on
a five-point Likert scale. The lowest mean is 4.6, and two sentences demonstrated this value.
Specifically, the first statement was about whether the instructions were written for their
39
specific level of knowledge and skills. While the other one focuses on whether the instructions
were motivational to follow. These findings implicate that since there appears to be a
contextualization of the information contained in the fitness handbook, students found the
material quite motivational to follow for its included health tips and recommendations. Further
justifying this is the study by Madrazo & Dio (2020) entitled, "Contextualized Learning
Modules in Bridging Students' Learning Gaps in Calculus with Analytic Geometry Through
Independent Learning." They discovered that contextualizing or localizing the concepts in
learning materials is highly recommended to create high-quality additional resources that
support autonomous learning and the overall development of critical thinking skills.
Meanwhile, the third statement emerged as the median of all the presented means,
with a mean of 4.7. The student respondents still strongly agreed that the fitness handbook
gave useful information about an individual’s physical health and lifestyle. Ensuring timely,
trustworthy, and relevant health information for everybody is the key to creating successful
healthcare, disease prevention, and health promotion decisions in everyday life to preserve
and enhance the quality of life throughout the life cycle (Sorensen, 2018).
Unexpectedly, two statements have likewise garnered a similar highest value, which is
a strongly agreeable mean of 4.8. The first statement that attained such a mean was,
interestingly, the opening statement, which shows that the student respondents strongly
agree that they clearly understood the purpose of the fitness handbook. As for the second
one, they acknowledged that all of the information included in the material was backed up by
credible sources, which was the fifth and last statement. It is supported by the discoveries of
Ghaddar et al. (2011), stating that higher levels of health literacy are connected with exposure
40
to a reputable source of health information. Incorporating a trustworthy health information
resource into school health education curricula is a viable strategy for increasing health
literacy. Lastly, the average of the means, which encompassed the entirety of this section, is
4.8, which corresponds to the verbal interpretation of "Strongly Agree."
Table 2
Descriptions of the Students on the Fitness Handbook’s Visual

The fitness handbook made excellent use of 4.8 Strongly Agree
graphics.
colors.
text fonts.
The layout design of the fitness handbook 4.6 Strongly Agree
aided in their learning experience.
The fitness handbook was creatively 4.7 Strongly Agree
designed that it is motivating to use.
Moving on, the means of the selected students’ responses to their descriptions of the
fitness handbook in terms of its visual are shown in Table 2. Their corresponding verbal
interpretations and the average of the quantities are given as well.
The data collected varied, but it is not dispersed, as all five statements were rated as
strongly agreeable by the students who had consumed the handbook. The highest mean is
4.8, while the lowest is 4.6; these values are quite close to each other, indicating that all of
the students who responded to the survey thought the fitness handbook’s appearance was
visually appealing. In respect to this, Gurchiek (2016) claimed that this kind of fitness
handbook has succeeded, as she believes that handbooks, such as this, should be designed
41
in a visually appealing manner, with larger and bolder graphics, to make them more enticing
to consumers.
Following that, the notable second and fifth statements regarding the excellent use of
colors and how visually motivating the handbook is to use received a mean of 4.7, which is
equivalent to the verbal interpretation of "Strongly Agree." In line with this, a study entitled,
“The Role of Visual Learning in Improving Students’ High-Order Thinking Skills,” by Raiyn
(2016) reveals that many students learn more effectively when visuals are incorporated. When
students are exposed to visual aids, their higher-order thinking improves. To summarize, the
average of the mentioned means is 4.7, which corresponds to the “Strongly Agree” verbal
interpretation.
Table 3
Descriptions of the Students on the Fitness Handbook’s Organization

All the contained information was effectively 4.5 Strongly Agree
organized in a logical manner.
All the contained information was effectively 4.7 Strongly Agree
organized in a creative manner.
The content of the fitness handbook was 4.5 Strongly Agree
organized using effective transitions.
The overall organization of the fitness 4.6 Strongly Agree
handbook made it easy to understand.
The overall organization of the fitness 4.6 Strongly Agree
handbook made it motivating to utilize.
The next table, Table 3, shows the computed mean per statement for the selected
students' descriptions of the fitness handbook's organization, its verbal interpretation, and
the average.
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The data from the conducted survey differs in value, but the verbal interpretations
remain identical since the computed mean per statement is encompassed within a single set
range. Thus, all of the following values are verbally interpreted as "Strongly Agree." The
statement with the highest calculated mean of 4.7 addresses the relationship between
creativity and its effectiveness in the organization of the contained information, and the
students found it to be strongly agreeable, signaling that creativity played a significant role
in the effectiveness of information delivery. Supporting this outcome are the findings of
Patston et al. (2021) in a study entitled, "What Is Creativity in Education? A Qualitative Study
of International Curricula," in which its results implied that creativity can explicitly boost
students’ motivation, curiosity, and interest; teach creative thinking; and provide
opportunities for choice and discovery.
Consequently, when asked how the general organization of the fitness handbook
helped them comprehend the information more easily and motivate them to use it, the
students rated them as strongly agreeable, with a similar mean of 4.6. Aside from that, out
of all the statements, two means were computed to have the lowest score of 4.5. These
statements are in connection to the fitness handbook's logical organization and transitions.
According to the students, it is strongly agreeable that the content of the said material was
organized logically and with effective transitions from section to section. These results
highlight how the structure aided students in efficiently ingesting the content of the fitness
handbook by expressing how they strongly agree with all of the statements supplied. This
comes to an average of 4.6, which may be verbally interpreted as "Strongly Agree."

43
Moreover, it should be noted that all computations for all averaged statements for the
inputs of students were done with the utmost precision, as well as supplying verbal
interpretations and implications to statistically describe the output of this study. In this project
that aims to determine how satisfied RSHS III students are with the fitness handbook in terms
of encouraging them to enhance their physical health and lifestyle, simply collecting in-depth
data regarding the students’ descriptions of the fitness handbook wasn’t enough. Hence, the
following tables will comprise the students’ computed means together with their verbal
interpretations and averages, with regard to their level of satisfaction with their physical
health and lifestyle experiences after utilizing the said material.
Table 4
Level of Satisfaction of the Students with their Diet

Eat fruits and vegetables on a daily basis. 4.4 Very Satisfied
Eat protein on a daily basis. 4.5 Very Satisfied
Eat grains on a daily basis. 4.4 Very Satisfied
Drink 8 glasses of water on a daily basis. 4.3 Very Satisfied
Avoid eating unhealthy foods. 4.2 Satisfied
Average 4.4 Very Satisfied
Table 4 presents the computed mean per statement for the selected students' level of
satisfaction with their diet after utilizing the fitness handbook, its verbal interpretation, and
the average of all the included quantities.
Interestingly, the data obtained from this specific parameter indicates that they found
all of the statements presented to be satisfactory, so it is critical to approach the means in
each statement separately to better understand how the provided results came to be. The
statement that corresponds to the consistency of the students being able to eat protein on a
44
daily basis has the highest computed mean of 4.5. This indicates that after using the fitness
handbook, the students are very satisfied with their daily protein intake.
This is followed by a mean of 4.4 computed for both first and third statements,
suggesting that students are very satisfied with their daily fruit, vegetable and grain intake
after utilizing the fitness handbook. Accordingly, with a mean of 4.3, water intake is the
median of all presented statements, implying that students were very satisfied with their daily
water intake of 8 glasses after using the said handbook. Although the majority of the
statements were proven to be very satisfying, one statement received the lowest mean of 4.2
out of all the claims offered. In this case, when students were questioned about their
satisfaction in avoiding unhealthy foods after utilizing the product of this study, quantitative
results reported that they are content with their diet and lifestyle choices.
These numerical figures solidify the point that instructional materials delivered in the
form of a fitness handbook can positively influence the students’ physical health and lifestyle.
As per Umar et al. (2019), in providing material for background knowledge on certain topics,
it is necessary to encourage students to learn through their eyes or ears, and most
importantly, there should be demonstrations on how to use their hands in manipulating
equipment. In the instance of students utilizing fitness handbooks in relation to their level of
satisfaction with their diet, the average of all the statements is 4.4, or a "Very Satisfied" verbal
interpretation, significantly showing how effective the distribution of the said material is.
45
Table 5
Level of Satisfaction of the Students with their Number of Meals eaten per week

Eat breakfast 7 times a week. 4.2 Satisfied
Eat lunch 7 times a week. 4.5 Very Satisfied
Eat dinner 7 times a week. 4.6 Very Satisfied
Minimize snacking to eat proper meals 7 4.2 Satisfied
times a week.
Minimize skipping meals 7 times a week. 4.4 Very Satisfied
Table 5 shows the means of the selected RSHS III students' answers about their level
of satisfaction with the number of meals they have eaten per week after utilizing the fitness
handbook. The stated figures for this are in reference to the survey findings, as with the
previously described table analysis.
All of the statements in this section have magnitudes that range between 4.2 and 4.6.
It is equivalent to "Very Satisfied" on the Likert scale, indicating a good implication for the
product. The highest mean obtained is 4.6, signifying that they strongly agreed that they are
happy with their experiences of having supper seven times per week after using the handbook.
And according to an article written by Kannan (2020), eating supper before seven o'clock in
the evening and finishing within two to three hours before going to bed is the best method
to stay light, feel healthy, and sleep well.
The second statement in the table, with a mean of 4.5, follows the highest
mean garnered, implying that these students are now very satisfied with their lunch
consumption throughout the week. In her article for Live Strong, Schuna (2012) wrote that
eating many hours after breakfast re-energizes your body and can boost blood sugar levels
46
when attention and concentration are waning. Furthermore, eating lunch keeps the
metabolism going, especially if an individual has a moderate-sized meal plus a snack before
and after.
Now, the fifth listed statement, which shows the respondents' contentment with
minimizing their action of skipping meals during a seven-day period, has acquired a mean of
4.4, demonstrating their strong satisfaction with such action after utilizing the handbook.
Eating three times a day without missing meals, especially breakfast, and consuming enough
fresh fruits, vegetables, and milk were linked to improved academic achievement (Kim et al.,
2016).
Remarkably, two statements received a mean of 4.2, which, although having a
"Satisfied" verbal interpretation, still showed the lowest value among the responses.
Specifically, the students responded that they are satisfied with minimizing their snacking
habits to eat proper meals throughout the week. Based on their feedback, the students are
also delighted with their experiences of eating breakfast seven times a week upon consuming
the content of the “BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook.” The study entitled, "Nutrition and Academic
Performance among Adolescents," by Verulava & Devnozashvili (2021) has shown that 54
percent of school kids rarely eat breakfast during the week. Hence, targeted interventions,
such as developing and introducing a healthy eating handbook customized to kids' interests
and needs, are justified. Their findings and recommendations support the purpose of the
“BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook” in providing an instructional material that can help enhance
the physical health and lifestyle of RSHS III students. In summary, the average of the means is
4.4, which is classified under the verbal interpretation of “Very Satisfied."

47
Table 6
Level of Satisfaction of the Students with their Physical Activities

Allocate time for engaging in physical 4.2 Satisfied
activities on a daily basis.
Engage actively in recreational activities. 4.3 Very Satisfied
Be physically active during their spare time. 4.3 Very Satisfied
Find it easy to conduct physical activities. 4.2 Satisfied
Enjoy conducting physical activities. 4.4 Very Satisfied
On the other hand, Table 6 displays the means of the responses of the selected RSHS
III students regarding their level of satisfaction with their physical health and lifestyle
experiences after utilizing the fitness handbook in terms of physical activities. The
corresponding verbal interpretations are also provided, and the average of the contained
quantities is shown at the bottom of the table.
Remarkably, the data collected from this specific notion indicates precise values. All
of the statements presented appeared to be either very satisfying or simply satisfying to them.
To better understand how this was achieved, it is important to break down the means in each
statement. Specifically, the highest mean obtained is 4.4, suggesting that the students, after
utilizing the fitness handbook, are very satisfied with their experiences in enjoying the
conduct of physical activities. The other two statements, on the other hand, garnered the
same score of 4.2, which became the lowest mean on the table, but they still reveal that the
students are indeed satisfied with their experiences in allocating time for engaging in physical
activities on a daily basis and finding it easy to conduct physical activities after utilizing the
said material. Meanwhile, similar to the previously given statements, the remaining two
obtained a “Very Satisfied” verbal interpretation with a mean of 4.3, implying that, after
48
utilizing the product of this study, these students are highly contented with their experiences
in engaging actively in recreational activities and being physically active during their spare
time.
With all of these factors analyzed, it is apparent that this research received an average
of 4.3, which may also be taken as "Very Satisfied." These certain findings are consistent with
an article published by Hawaii Public Schools in 2021, which found that instructional
materials, particularly in the area of health education, promote and strengthen healthy
behaviors by providing age and developmentally appropriate, medically accurate, and factual
information, as well as safe, healthy, and inclusive messages. This gives students the skills,
knowledge, and attitudes they need to handle their present and future health interests, needs,
and challenges, allowing them to contribute to the maintenance and improvement of their
own health and lifestyle.
Table 7
Level of Satisfaction of the Students with their Energy Expenditure

Feel energized after waking up in the 4.1 Satisfied
morning.
Have energy for the whole day. 4.1 Satisfied
Have the motivation to exercise. 4.3 Very Satisfied
Recover effortlessly from shortness of 4.0 Satisfied
breath after conducting physical activities.
Find it easy to sleep soundly. 4.3 Very Satisfied
Average 4.2 Satisfied
Finally, Table 7 illustrates the students' satisfaction with their energy expenditure
following the use of the fitness handbook. Its verbal interpretations, as well as the average of
the quantities, were presented.

49
To begin, the third and fifth statements received the highest mean of 4.3, with a “Very
Satisfied” verbal interpretation. These findings demonstrate that, in a short amount of time
utilizing the said handbook, the students are still able to restore their motivation to exercise
and their sound sleep. A few studies have found that reading and visual learning have been
linked to motivation to do something. The human brain processes both visual information
and emotions in the same region. As a result, potent visuals leave a lasting impact and
increase motivation in learners (Jandhyala, 2017). Meanwhile, regarding students’ finding it
easy to sleep soundly, multiple studies have connected insufficient sleep to an uneven rise in
energy intake over expenditure. Sleep quality may also moderate the relationship between
physical activity and weariness. This suggests that sleep and exercise interact and influence
our energy levels and balance (Pacheco, 2018).
Subsequently, the first and second statements both have a “Satisfied” verbal
interpretation, with a mean of 4.1. This verified that the fitness handbook reinforced the
students to cater their way of mending their energy after waking up in the morning, resulting
in them having abundant energy throughout the day. These are associated with the third and
fourth statements, in which if the students are motivated to exercise and sleep well, these
practices may lead to them feeling invigorated. It was proven in a medical article by Johnson
et al. (2020) that the best approach to ensure someone has energy in the morning is to
establish good sleeping habits. Moreover, simple exercises like stretching, going for a short
walk, and dancing can assist in raising the respiratory and heart rate, causing the body to
wake up faster. Through the aid of the fitness handbook, the learners have practiced a
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combination of good sleeping habits and morning routines, allowing them to mobilize enough
energy in the morning and throughout the whole day.
On the flip side, the fourth statement garnered the lowest mean of 4, but it is still
considered a good result because it falls under the verbal interpretation of “Satisfied,” which
means that the students are pleased with the fitness handbook’s assistance in helping them
recover effortlessly from shortness of breath after engaging in any physical activity. Even
though exercise-induced shortness of breath is not uncommon, it is still vital to offer
information and follow up on any potential risks.
Altogether, the data acquired yields an average of 4.2, which indicates that the
students are satisfied with their overall experiences of boosting their energy expenditure with
the aid of the fitness handbook. In line with this, Porter et al. (2019) published a study entitled,
“Adoption of Canada's Physical Activity Guide and Handbook for Adults: Impact on Functional
Fitness and Energy Expenditure,” which found that after receiving a handbook and a guide
containing healthy and active living for adults and adopting them for a few weeks, the
participants projected an improved amount of energy used in physical activities, and they
were pleased with the said materials. This data implies that the guidebook, whether or not it
is supported by any program assistance, will result in positive outcomes.

51
Conclusions and Recommendations
This chapter presents the conclusions and recommendations in order to supplement
the results of this study. Ultimately, this aims to properly address all of the formulated
research questions after data gathering, analysis, and interpretation.
Conclusions
Based on the findings of this research, the researchers conclude the following:
1. “BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook” has excellent contextualization of content; thus, RSHS
III students found the said material motivating to follow because it provided a variety
of health tips and recommendations. On the other hand, in terms of its visual, the
students found the appearance of the fitness handbook to be aesthetically appealing,
which aided their overall learning experience. Finally, when it came to the product’s
organization, the students unanimously agreed that its effectiveness, along with its
creativity, promotes its successful delivery. It emphasizes how the material’s structure
supports students in grasping the information and subtleties efficiently. Generally, the
results insinuate that the fitness handbook has a well-presented framework, which
contributed to students’ having more positive and active experiences.
2. RSHS III students were highly contented with their diet and lifestyle choices after
receiving the fitness handbook. Following that, these students are introduced to
nutritious eating, with the “BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook” proving to be an effective
approach to adapt to healthier eating habits. Moreover, students tend to be quite
pleased with their experiences in being physically active, which is connected to their
52
overall satisfaction with boosting their energy expenditure. In summary, the numerical
figures, along with their verbal interpretations, solidified that the instructional
material, in the form of a fitness handbook, positively influenced the students’ physical
health and lifestyle.
Recommendations
The researchers recommend the following:
1. Optimizing the fitness handbook in the flesh may help learners recognize the
material’s inherent content, visual, and organization in a more fluent manner than that
of initially commencing a digital approach of dissemination. Along with that, teachers,
parents, guardians, or any other source in line to cater to their well-being may
primarily intervene and support this possibility of enhancing their physical health and
lifestyle on any ground.
2. It may be vital to add radical accustoming prompts not just from the students’
perspective, but also from other sources that radiate a possible link. Despite in-depth
collections of research, this handbook continues to state that these activities imply
direct involvement of students’ adjustment and no external environment. As a result,
this is the finest time for all parties – curriculum developers, educational institutions,
teachers, and students themselves – to take responsibility for projecting a positive
image and setting an example that is tailored to their physical health and lifestyle.
3. Future researchers may develop a different research project focusing on the physical
health and lifestyle of students, such as health forums, or they could conduct a related
research study on other aspects of human health and build a comparable output from
53
it. In addition, they may also consider broadening the scope of the study by including
other schools as academic institutions of interest or perhaps the entire scholastic
division. Finally, having a greater number of participants can be done to acquire more
reliable results.
54
The Output
"BEneFIT: A Fitness Handbook" was written by Hannah Rae Asuncion, Kiezle Caparanga,
Luisa Jean Evangelista, Jenice Francine Fenomeno, Toni Ela Samala, and Hallie Kaith
Pampolino, who came up with the material's layout design as well. This handbook was created
as an aid for the students of RSHS III's physical health and lifestyle while trying to keep up
with the standards of the school's curriculum. The information inside the handbook was
divided into three sections. The first section is about diet and the number of meals, followed
by physical activities and energy expenditure. Finally, the third section contains a
transcription of the question-and-answer portion with licensed pediatric physicians, which
tackles some advice on the students' physical health.
Canva, an online graphic platform used to produce social media graphics,
presentations, posters, papers, and other visual materials, was employed to create the
handbook's texts, designs, and overall layout. The fitness handbook features tips on instilling
healthy eating habits, advantages of healthy eating habits, and visual aids for simple and fun
exercises and activities that students can gradually adapt to their schedule. Overall, the
handbook is 37 pages long, including the title page, the numerous information and
recommendations for a healthy and active lifestyle, and some simple pen and paper activities
to maintain the readers' interest in between sections. Lastly, BEneFIT's content was entirely
based on credible sources and licensed health professionals.

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Appendices
Appendix A
Permission to Conduct Letter
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Appendix B
Students’ Survey Questionnaire
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87
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Appendix C
Survey Results
PART I. PERSONAL DATA OF THE STUDENT RESPONDENTS
PART II. DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDENTS ON THE FITNESS HANDBOOK

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PART III. LEVEL OF SATISFACTION OF THE STUDENTS WITH THEIR PHYSICAL HEALTH AND
LIFESTYLE EXPERIENCES AFTER UTILIZING THE FITNESS HANDBOOK
90
91
Appendix D
Raw Data
92
Curriculum Vitae
Name: Hannah Rae R. Asuncion
Address: Purok 2, Laoag, San Marcelino, Zambales
Email: [email protected]
Awards and Recognition:
Grade 7 - San Guillermo National High School Batch Top 1
Grade 8 - With Honors
Grade 9 – With High Honors
- MTAP Math Challenge Division Level - Qualifier
- Performing Arts Awardee
________________
Student’s Signature
93
Name: Kiezle G. Caparanga
Address: 083 Burgos-Soliman, Hermosa, Bataan
Grade 7 – Regional Science High School III Batch Top 2
- TAWI Club Grade 7 Representative
- SCIRE Club Committee Member in Narrative and Documentation
- SCIRE Club Committee Member in Narrative and Documentation
- Special Recognition in Social Studies
- Recipient of the Conduct Award
- 2020 National Science and Mathematics Brain Power - Statistic Quiz – 3rd
Place
- 10th ASEAN Quiz Bee Division Level Competition – 1st Place
- Ang Sanghaya – News Writer
- SSG Committee Chairman
- SPELL Club – Happily Ever After – Best Actress in a Supporting Role
Grade 12 – SSG Students’ Welfare Committee Head
- Division Science and Technology Fair – Science Video Production Contest –
1st Place
________________
94
Name: Luisa Jean T. Evangelista
Address: #47 B. Torres, Dinalupihan, Bataan
Grade 7 – With Honors
- 2019 National Science and Mathematics Brain Power - Geology and
Hydrology Quiz – Merit Award
- National Battle of Math & Science Champions Year 5 - Science Trivia – 3rd
Place
- Division EsP Festival of Talents and Virtues - Sine ng Pagpapakatao - 1st
Place
- Regional EsP Festival of Talents and Virtues - Sine ng Pagpapakatao – Merit
Award
- Division Science and Technology Fair – Physical Science Category – 1st
Place
- Regional Science and Technology Fair – Physical Science Category – 4th
Place
- UP Academic League of Chemical Engineering Students – Qualifier
- Research Innovations Contest and Exhibit – Qualifier
Grade 12 – KALIS Club Grade 12 Representative
________________
95
Name: Jenice Francine A. Fenomeno
Address: 15 Rodolfo St., San Gregorio, San Antonio, Zambales
- Special Recognition in Research
- Division Science and Technology Fair – Life Science Category – 1st Place
- Regional Science and Technology Fair – Life Science Category – 5th Place
- 2020 National Science and Mathematics Brain Power – Research Congress
– Life Science Category – 2nd Place
- 2020 National Science Engineering Fair - Finalist
- 2020 Research Fair: Chrysalis Research Competition – Closed Door
Defense – Qualifier
________________
96
Name: Hallie Kaith A. Pampolino
Address: #17, 14 St., East Tapinac, Olongapo City
- Reader’s Theater Contest – Speech Choir - 1st Place
- Perfect Attendance Awardee
- Recyclable Contest – Handbag Souvenir - 1st Place
- 2019 National Science and Mathematics Brain Power – Brain Synapse – 3rd
Place
- 2019 National Science and Mathematics Brain Power – Astrology Quiz – Merit
Award
- ASMEPPS – Math Trivia – 4th Place
- 2020 National Science and Mathematics Brain Power - Research Congress
– Physical Science Category – 2nd Place
- 2019 English Festival – Oratorical Contest – 2nd Place
________________
97
Name: Toni Ela B. Samala
Address: Blk 3, Lot 20-21, Emerald St., Beverly Heights Subd.,
Cataning, Hermosa, Bataan
Grade 7 – Parañaque Science High School Batch Top 2
- SCIRE Club Grade 9 Representative
- 2020 National Science and Mathematics Brain Power – Brain Synapse – 1st
Place
Grade 12 – SCIRE Club President
________________

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1

A FITNESS HANDBOOK ON ENHANCING THE PHYSICAL HEALTH AND

Hannah Rae R. Asuncion

Lea Ann L. Pitogo – Alegre, MAEd-Gen. Sci.

Regional Science High School III

This research entitled, “A FITNESS HANDBOOK ON ENHANCING THE PHYSICAL HEALTH

for approval and acceptance.

LEA ANN P. ALEGRE

Approved by the COMMITTEE ON ORAL EXAMINATION with the grade of _____:

KIMBERLY D. MIRAFLOR RACHELLE M. TABLAN

ZALDY JOSE M. LAZARA JR.

Accepted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the subject Capstone.

APRIL JOY V. ALBIOR

RODERICK A. TADEO, PhD

pursue and finish the study.

completely accomplish the study.

With the intention of becoming a helping hand in preventing the continued

of tomorrow – the youth. Because this congested stage of development is susceptible to

independent and discover their own health-focused routine.

Being subjected to an educational institution is documented to be a necessity as much

as it is adversely affecting people in numerous detrimental ways. Without a doubt, intervention

chronic pressures related to academic obligations. This manifests in an array of undesirable

demonstrated by the participants’ testimonies, which showed striking improvements in their

current societal inclinations.

Title Page .............................................................................................................................. 1

Approval Sheet ...................................................................................................................... 2

Table of Contents .................................................................................................................. 8

List of Figures ..................................................................................................................... 10

List of Appendices ............................................................................................................... 12

The Problem and Literature Review

Project Background .................................................................................................. 13

Literature Review ..................................................................................................... 18

Project Framework ................................................................................................... 28

Project Significance .................................................................................................. 29

Project Scope and Limitation .................................................................................... 31

Statement of the Problem ........................................................................................ 32

Definition of Terms .................................................................................................. 33

Materials and Procedure .......................................................................................... 35

Data Analysis ........................................................................................................... 37

Results and Discussion ........................................................................................................ 38

Conclusions and Recommendations

The Output .......................................................................................................................... 54

Curriculum Vitae ................................................................................................................. 92

Figure No. Title Page(s)

Table No. Title Page(s)

1 Descriptions of the Students 38

2 Descriptions of the Students 40

3 Descriptions of the Students 41

4 Level of Satisfaction of the 43

5 Level of Satisfaction of the 45

6 Level of Satisfaction of the 47

7 Level of Satisfaction of the 48

Appendix Letter Title Page(s)

The Problem and Literature Review

Excessive schoolwork and academic demands have been documented in studies to be

promote poor lifestyle behaviors.

With an increasing number of students experiencing high levels of stress, it is

and health conditions of students. This information is particularly concerning because

Health” in 2016 (Viray, 2019).

continuously for as long as the issue needs catering.