0% found this document useful (0 votes)
264 views35 pages

Evaluating Written Text Based On Its Properties 3

The document discusses various properties that make written text well-written and understandable. It discusses organization, coherence, cohesion, and language use. Specifically, it provides examples of different techniques used to organize paragraphs, such as sequential order and listing order. It also discusses how to achieve coherence and cohesion through techniques like using transitional devices, pronouns, and lexical patterning. Finally, it discusses language use and style, including register, denotative and connotative language, and figures of speech.

Uploaded by

Leigh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
264 views35 pages

Evaluating Written Text Based On Its Properties 3

The document discusses various properties that make written text well-written and understandable. It discusses organization, coherence, cohesion, and language use. Specifically, it provides examples of different techniques used to organize paragraphs, such as sequential order and listing order. It also discusses how to achieve coherence and cohesion through techniques like using transitional devices, pronouns, and lexical patterning. Finally, it discusses language use and style, including register, denotative and connotative language, and figures of speech.

Uploaded by

Leigh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 35

Evaluating Written Text

Based on its Properties


If I Were to Choose
R e ad th e Te x t A an d Te x t B . Th e n , c h oos e w h i c h of th e tw o
te x ts i s more u n de rs tan dabl e to re ad.

Te x t A Te x t B
Social distancing is part of the new Social distancing is part of the new
normal or practice these times. normal or practice these times. This
When this is strictly observed by is strictly observed by people, this
people, this can prevent the spread can prevent the spread of virus.
of virus. However, other people are Other people are not mindful of this
not mindful of this simple health simple health standard.
standard.

Which of the two texts is more understandable? Why do you think so?
STEPS ON HOW TO COOK SCRAMBLED EGGS
Every morning as people wake up, they always think on Other than scrambled eggs, there
what to prepare for their meals especially breakfast. Foods are other recipes that can be done using
for breakfast are usually easy to prepare because aside from eggs for breakfast such as boiled eggs,
the long hours between dinner and breakfast, they are also sunny side up, fried egg, and others.
in a hurry to go to work. One of these foods is the scrambled Specifically, chicken eggs are always in
eggs. This kind of food is not only served for breakfast but our kitchen notwithstanding the health
also in other meals. Here are the ways on how to cook them. benefits. Other ingredients such as milk,
cheese, bits of ham, spring onion, or
First, crack the eggs in a bowl. Make sure that not a parsley can also be added. Is it not so
small part of the eggshell will go into the bowl. Second, add easy to cook scrambled eggs? Enjoy
a pinch of salt and mix it using a fork. Then, heat the pan in cooking!
a medium or low flame so as not to burn the eggs. Once it is
heated, put small amount of cooking oil or butter. Next, add
the egg mixture into the pan. Lastly, move the eggs across
the pan until it sets or solidifies. Finally, serve it on a plate
and meal is ready.

Can you say that the text was well-written? Why do you say so?
Organization
Organization as a property of a well-written text refers on how the ideas in the
text are organized or how the paragraph is arranged with its introduction, body, and
conclusion. It must also have the topic sentence or the main idea. Here are 4
techniques in organizing paragraphs and their corresponding signal words:

Se qu e n tial O rde r. Spa ti al O rde r.


It is a technique in arranging the text observing This is another technique in organizing the
the chronological order or time, process or paragraph pertaining to space, position, or
sequence, and narration of events by using signal location of people or things by using signal words
words like first, second, third, initially, primarily, like above, below, under, behind, beside, beyond,
following, preceding, next, when, later, before, alongside, nearby, in front of, inside, outside, on
after, then, until, not long after that, finally, top of, etc. This is very suitable when describing
lastly, at last, etc. about the geographical location of things or
people.
Compl e x i ty O rde r. L is tin g O rde r.
This technique in organizing compositions refers It means the ordering of ideas following the
to the logical order from simple to complex, alphabet (from A to Z). Examples of alphabetical
inductive to deductive, cause and effect, and order are the major cities in the Philippines
problem and solution to help the writers explain presented in an article: Cagayan De Oro City,
their ideas. This can also be done by defining and Caloocan, Cebu, Davao City, Manila, Parañaque,
illustrating. For cause-effect, you can use signal Pasig, Quezon City, Taguig, and Zamboanga City.
words like for, because, since, as a consequence, This can also be done by enumerating ideas
due to, etc. Signal words like because, as a through numbers in ascending order (e.g.
solution, consequently, so that, therefore, etc. can 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, etc.) and descending order (e.g.
be used for problem-solution. When defining, 9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2, and 1).
transitional devices such as is defined as, means,
refers to, to illustrate, as defined, etc. can be
used.
Where do I belong?
try identifying the kinds of order (sequential, spatial, complexity, and
listing) that can be applied in these topics.

_____ 1. testimony of a COVID-19 survivor


_____ 7. arrangement of things in the living
_____ 2. definition of new normal in a
room in a descriptive essay
deductive order
_____ 8. list of the most essentials to the
_____ 3. article on how to do the proper
least essentials during quarantine
hand washing
_____ 9. ways to use the time wisely and
_____ 4. causes and effects of lockdown to
productively from morning till night even at
the economy
home
_____ 5. authors, books, and articles listed
_____ 10. names of regions and provinces
in the references
under Enhanced Community Quarantine
_____ 6. scheduling of barangays to enter
(ECQ) and General Community Quarantine
the malls during quarantine
(GCQ)
Coherence and Cohesion
Coh e re n c e . Coh e s i on .
Coherence is very helpful when jumping ideas so Cohesion is a property of a well-written text that
that they will stick to each other. This can be helps the ideas to become meaningful by sticking
achieved by applying techniques such as: using the ideas together at the sentence level. This can
topic sentence at the beginning of the paragraph; be achieved by using transitional devices,
placing major ideas in another paragraph and pronouns, subordinators and coordinators, and
sequencing the ideas in logical order or by lexical patterning.
numbering. Also, do not forget the logical
arrangement of ideas you learned in the previous
lesson like defining, narrating, describing,
classifying, etc.
Transitional Devices Pronouns
• Giving emphasis: indeed, importantly, Examples of pronouns are: he, she, it, they,
in fact, furthermore, and moreover them, their, etc. Here is an example for you
• Stating contrast: in contrast, wherein the pronoun ‘they’ is referring to the

conversely, compared to, another word “people.”

point
People are excited to receive financial
• Summarizing: finally, overall, lastly, to
assistance from the government. At least, they
sum up, and in conclusion
have something to eat in times of crisis.
• Giving examples: for instance, for
example, namely, such as Coordinators and Subordinators
• Adding similar points: similarly,
Examples of coordinators are: for, and, nor, but,
likewise, again, and also
or, yet, so (FANBOYS) while
some of the examples of subordinators are:
when, since, although, so that, until,
before, unless, when, whenever, etc.

Techniques to show Coherence and Cohesion (3 of 4)


Lexical Patterning

Lexical patterning means changing the function of the word into another part of
speech.

Here’s the example. Notice in the sentences below that the word "heroism" is a noun
and related concept is used in another sentence "heroic" which functions not as a noun
but as an adjective.

• Heroism does not need to be recognized by all people nor becoming superior to
others. One can do heroic deeds by doing small act of kindness to the needy even
if nobody noticed it.

Techniques to show Coherence and Cohesion (4 of 4)


Language Use
Language use refers to style or register,
denotative and connotative language,
figures of speech, and idiomatic
expression.
Register or Style

register is defined as the way a speaker uses language


differently in different circumstances.

Think about the words you choose, your tone of voice, even
your body language. You probably behave very differently
chatting with a friend than you would at a formal dinner party
or during a job interview. These variations in formality, also
called stylistic variation, are known as registers in linguistics.
In groups of 2-3 members, write a
poem of at least 3 stanzas about
any topic of your choosing. Your
poem has to show the connotative
meaning of your topic.
Figures of Speech

there are lots of figures of speech being used in the


songs, poems, and stories. Do you know a song that
goes, Your love is like the sun that lights up my whole
world? That is an example of figures of speech. These
are being used to get away from ordinary use of
language and to create a literary effect to the readers.
Examples of oxymoron:

Deafening silence Seriously funny


Doing nothing Cruel kindness
Act naturally tragic comedy
Civil war Liquid gas
Awfully nice Open secret
Fully empty Climb down
Pretty ugly Inside out
Clearly misunderstood Only choice
The creator of these sculptures are not known
because no one has claimed responsibility.
4. Mechanics
refers to the conventions of writing which includes
capitalization, punctuation, spelling, numerals,
abbreviations, acronyms, and contractions. In academic and
more formal texts, the following should be observed.

a. Always use standard English.

b. Avoid contractions. (e.g., shouldn’t)


c. Avoid exclamation marks unless they are part of a direct quotation.

d. Mention the full name of an institution or organization with the


abbreviation in parenthesis, in first mention. Thereafter, use the
abbreviation.

e. Numbers from zero to ten should be spelled out while numbers


higher than ten should be written in figures.

f. Generally, citations are used in academic and formal texts.


However, they are sparingly used in business texts.
• Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet in 2006 after the General
Assembly of the IAU, as it only met 2 out of the association’s
three requirements to qualify as a Planet (Library of Congress).
The dispute started when Caltech astronomy prof Mike Brown
discovered an Asteroid bigger than Pluto in 2005 (Cain, 2012).
The science community went wild! Brown’s findings sparked a
debate on whether this new planet, which he named Eris, should
be added to the roster of 9 Planets. The controversy prompted
the International Astronomical Union to meet up and delineate
what a ‘planet’ is. They came up with three requirements to
classify a celestial body as a planet and removed the Planet
Status of Pluto based on the new definition
• Pluto was demoted to a dwarf planet in 2006 after the General
Assembly of the IAU, as it only met 2 out of the association’s
three requirements to qualify as a Planet (Library of Congress).
The dispute started when Caltech astronomy prof Mike Brown
discovered an Asteroid bigger than Pluto in 2005 (Cain, 2012).
The science community went wild! Brown’s findings sparked a
debate on whether this new planet, which he named Eris, should
be added to the roster of 9 Planets. The controversy prompted
the International Astronomical Union to meet up and delineate
what a “planet” is. They came up with three requirements to
classify a celestial body as a planet and removed the Planet
Status of Pluto based on the new definition

You might also like