International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

ISSN: 2456-7655
Impact Factor: RJIF 5.54
www.newengineeringjournal.com
Volume 2; Issue 2; May 2018; Page No. 42-48

Assessment of wind energy potential for power generation in Benin based on Weil bull distribution
Ogbeide OO, Ikpoza E, Eboigbe CI
Department of Production Engineering University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria

Abstract
Energy has been and will continue to be the driver of economy of a nation. In sharp contrast, our country Nigeria is being faced
with energy poverty. This may accrue to, in part, over reliance conventional energy sources such as hydro power, fuels and gas etc.
So, there is need to take into consideration the renewable energy as potential alternative for power generation. This work seeks to
assess the wind energy potential of Edo state using a statistical method, two-parameter Weibull distribution function. The detailed
knowledge of the wind characteristics at a site is very crucial to install and estimate the performance of a wind energy project. The
monthly and yearly highest mean wind speeds were 3.28 m/s and 2.91 m/s respectively. The monthly highest values of the Weibull
shape parameter (k) and the Weibull scale parameter (c) were 5.79 and 4.11 m/s. The maximum wind power density was found to
be 26.76 W/m2 for the year 2008.The most probable wind speed and wind speed carrying maximum energy were estimated 2.84
m/s and 4.53 m/s in 2015. The result of the study shows that the wind energy potential of Edo state is quite low for electricity
generation based on the two-year wind data analysed. It is suggested that this research area should be intensified by collecting
wind speed data at various locations sufficient to define its potential for power generation.

Keywords: wind, energy, wind energy, wind speed, weibull distribution, power generation

1. Introduction national energy consumption. So, there is need to seek the

Wind is a natural phenomenon related to the movement of air potential of wind energy to generate. The environmental
masses influenced primarily by the differential solar heating pollution and health hazards associated with the use of fossil
of the earth (Sambo, 2005) [14]. Wind is caused by differences fuels are another driving force towards the global switch to
in the atmospheric pressure. When there exists a difference in renewable energy. As energy has been and will still be the
atmospheric pressure, air moves from the higher to the lower main stay, necessary for economic development, the Nigeria
pressure area, resulting in winds of diverse speeds Government is seeking long-term solution to the energy crisis
(Osatohanmwen et al., 2016) [13]. Globally, two major factors through the adoption of the Renewable Energy Master Plan
drive large scale wind patterns (the atmospheric circulation); (REMP). In order to realize this goal, the exploration of wind
the differential heating between the equator and the poles energy resource is one of the key elements of this master plan.
(difference in absorption of instantaneous electrical generation Wind energy is among the potential alternatives as renewable
and consumption must remain in balance to maintain grid clean energy. At present, the share of wind energy in the
stability, these variability can present substantial challenges to national energy consumption has remained on the lower end
incorporating large amounts of wind power into a grid system with no commercial wind. The 2- Parameter weibull
and hence statistical analysis is required to be able to study the distribution has been used extensively in the literature to
pattern of wind flow in order to guarantee optimal wind model many wind regimes. This is due to the flexibility of the
energy power generation. To optimize the design of a wind weibull model in capturing the wind distribution of many
energy conversion device, data on wind speed range over locations (Sulaiman et al, 2002; Sarkar and Kasperki 2009) [15,
16]
which the device must operate to maximize energy extraction . Asiegbu and Iwuoha (2007) [2] study wind energy
is required. This in turn requires the knowledge of the potentials in Umudike, South-East of Nigeria and assessed its
frequency distribution of the wind speed. Thus for a wind economic viability at a hub height of 65 m above the ground
energy conversion device like the wind turbine, explicit with annualmean wind speed of 5.36 m/s using 10 years wind
knowledge of the distribution of the wind speed is highly speed data from the period of 1994 to 2003.Ogbonnaya et al.
required to enhance output and stability of system as well as (2009) [11] on the other hand worked on the prospects of wind
for proper wind system design. energy in Nigeria using 4 years of wind data from seven cities
At present Nigeria is being faced with energy crisis as it is (Enugu, Jos, Ikeja, Abuja, Warri, Sokoto and Calabar). The
evident in power outages and poor supply from the national annual wind speed at 10 m above the ground varied from 2.3
grid. In part, the cause may be traced to population increment, to 3.4 m/s for sites along the coastal areas and 3.0−3.9 m/s for
oil price fluctuations, and climate changes among others. For high land areas and semi-arid regions. It was also reported that
very long years, combustible substances like products of crude monthly average wind power was reported as 50.1 W/m2 and
oil, fossil fuel and woods etc., have continually remained the Sokoto is capable of a power potential as high as 97 MWh/yr.
major energy sources which account for a large share of the Further works by researchers are profiled in. Each of these

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

initiatives, in the limits of their uncertainties, have identified information to estimate wind turbine performance at a given
that great prospects exist for wind energy utilization for geographical location.
power. Fadare (2008) [6] carriedout a statistical analysis of
wind energy potential in Ibadan in Oyo State of Nigeria, using 2. Methodology
the Weibull distribution function and 10 years daily wind 2.1 Research design
speed data from the period of 1995 to 2004. He reported an The research design set out to evaluate the wind energy
average wind speed and power density of 2.947 m/sand potential for power generation. Wind speed is essentially the
15.484 W/m2 for the City. Fagbenle et al. (2011) [7] carried out major input that determine the output of a given wind turbine.
an assessment of wind energy potential of Maiduguri and As a consequence of this single factor, it is necessary to have
Potiskum, two sites in north-east Nigeria with 21 years the knowledge of the wind speed characteristics. This is to say
monthly mean wind data at 10m height based on weibull that, variability of wind speed in a typical region is important
distribution and found out that the average monthly mean as its consideration will the efficiency and performance of
wind speed variation for potiskum ranged from 3.90 to wind turbine. Research design contains the population of
5.85m/s, while for Maiduguri ranged from 5.10 to 5.59m/s and study, samples, sampling techniques and methods of analysis
The wind power density ranged from 102.54 to 300.13w/m2 alongside respective theoretical formulations on the statistical
for potiskum and it ranged from 114.77 to 360.04w/m2 for methods of analysis. The statistical tools employed in this
Maiduguri. Ojosu and Salawu (1990) [12] presented a statistical work, is Weibull distribution analysis. For this research, Benin
and cost benefit analysis of wind energy availability in City is considered as the sample, within which wind speed
different parts of the country, 15 years monthly averages data are collected. Then, the population of study is Edo state.
(1968-1983) were used. In their analysis, he used weibull
distribution methods for all the stations Maiyama et al. (2013) 2.2 Source of data collection
[8]
carried out assessment of wind energy potentials for In this study, we use 2 years (2015 to 2016) daily averages of
Electricity Generation in Sokoto, Nigeria with wind data for wind speed data at 10 m meteorological height, for Benin
one year (2010), and found that the average annual wind speed (6.4°N; 7.0°E),obtained from the data bank of Nigerian
for the year was 5.15m/s which is sufficient for electricity Meteorological Agency (NIMET) located at Benin local
generation. Odo et al. (2013) [9] developed regression time airport. The data gives information on the daily average wind
series models for predicting wind potential for wind energy speed distributions of the locations over the study period, from
applications in rural locations of Nigeria and found out that which the monthly and yearly average data were calculated for
wind speed correlates with ambient temperature in simple the current analysis.
polynomial of 3rd degree. Dikko and Yahaya (2012) [4], carried
out evaluation of wind power density in Gombe, Yola and 2.3 Sample and sampling techniques
Maiduguri, Nigeria using 12years monthly wind speed As started earlier, the population of the study is Edo state.
covering period of 1994 to 2005 based on weibull and Raleigh Benin airport is the geographical zone at which cup
distribution and found out that weibull distribution give best anemometer readings of wind speed data were collected. The
fit model that describes the wind speed data at 10m height sampling technique is purposive. Since wind speed is a
than the Raleigh models. Osatohanmwen et al. (2016) [13] random variable, for this reason statistical techniques is used.
carried out a statistical analysis of wind Energy potential in In this study, Benin Airport is the geographical location for
Benin city using the 2 parameters weibull distribution the modelling.
results obtained indicate that weibull distribution provides a
very good fit for the data, and also Benin city lies in the low 2.4 Method of data analysis
wind speed Zone of the country with a relatively small wind Statistical method of Weibull distribution function analysis
energy output potentials. Duvuna et al. (2014) [5] carried out a was used to analysed the Data Obtained in this study.
statistical analysis of wind Energy potential Based on weibull
and Rayleigh models in North-East Nigeria using sixteen (16) 2.4.1 Weibull distribution function
years mean monthly wind speed data covering the period of Wind speeds have usually wide ranges and cannot be
1997-2012. The result show that Rayleigh is the best fit model considered sufficient for obtaining a clear view of the
that describes the wind speed data at 10m height and weibull available wind potential. In order to minimize the required
model was found to present the actual probability of the wind time and expenses for processing long-term, usually hourly,
speed data. Pilot study was carried out on wind data analysis wind speed data, it is preferred to describe the wind speed
for Benin City by Azi et al. (2013) [3]. The work established variations using statistical functions. The 2-parameter Weibull
actual wind data at 10 metres height in Benin City. A study function can be used for this purpose as one can adjust the
was also carried out on analysis of wind energy potential for parameters to suit for a period of time, usually 1 month or 1
power generation in Benin Based on Regression Time series year. This can be used widely both in wind speed and wind
by Ogbeide et al. (2018) [10]. The work Predicted an average energy analysis.
wind speed of 3m/s in Benin. The essence of this study is to The wind speed probability distribution function indicates the
assess the wind energy potential of Edo state for electricity fraction of time for which a wind speed possibly prevails at
generation by using the wind data recorded at Benin airport the area under investigation. The wind speed probability
meteorological station using statistical analysis: the weibull density function can be calculated by the following equation.
distribution. The result of this analysis could render relevant

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

speed for a given wind probability distribution. From the scale

parameter and shape parameter of Weibull distribution
function, the most probable wind speed can be easily obtained
Another important aspect should be considered during the from the following equation 7:
statistical analysis is the prediction of the time for which an
installed turbine could be potentially functional in this area. In
order to achieve this, the determination of the cumulative
distribution function is required. Since the cumulative
distribution function of the velocity (v) indicates the fraction
of time the wind speed is equal or lower than speed (v) by 2.4.3 Maximum energy carrying by the wind speed
The maximum wind energy carrying by the wind speed can be
taking the difference of its values, it is possible to estimate the
calculated from the scale parameter and shape parameter of
functional time of the wind turbine. Therefore, the cumulative
Weibull distribution function. The wind speed which is
distribution is the integral of the probability density function
carrying maximum wind energy can be expressed as follows:
and can be expressed as:

The analysis of wind regime using the Weibull distribution, 2.4.4 Wind power density
the Weibull parameters: shape (k) and scale (c) must be The power of the wind that flows at a speed (v) through a
calculated.The parameter K is a dimensionless shape blade sweep area (A) can be expressed by the following
parameter that shows the peakedness of the distribution of the equations:
wind speed at the measuring location, and for varying values
of K the distribution of the wind speed takes the shape of
other distributions. For K= 1, the distribution is Exponential,
for K = 2 it is Rayleigh, and for K = 3.4, the distribution
becomes approximately Normal. The parameter C is the scale Besides, calculation of wind power density based on the wind
parameter measured also in m/s and it shows how windy the speed provided by field measurements can be developed by
location of the measuring site is. Weibull distribution analysis using the following equation:
Some of the methods used for determining k and c are
Weibull probability plotting method, Moment method, Energy
pattern factor method, Standard deviation method, Maximum
likelihood method etc. Though all the above mentioned
methods are widely used, in this study standard deviation
method has been used. For calculating the mean wind speed Where, ρ is the standard air density at sea level with mean
(v), the following equation can be used: temperature of 15°C and 1 atmospheric pressure that is 1.225
kg/m3 which, depends on altitude, air pressure and
temperature. It is also seen from the above equation that wind
power density increases with the cube of the wind speed.

By calculating the mean wind speed (v) and the variance σ of 3. Results
the known wind speed data, the following approximation can The daily mean wind speed collected from the Nigeria
be used to calculate the Weibull parameters c and k: Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Benin City Edo state is
Presented. It also contains the data result, analysis and
discussion. As stated earlier, statistical methods are adopted in
the computation, description and analysis of wind speeds for a
period of two-year (2015-2016). In order to estimate the wind
energy potential in Benin, two parameter Weibull distribution
analysis is the statistical methods employed to achieve the aim
of study.
The wind speed data, collected from NIMET, are displayed in
2.4.2 Most Probable Wind Speed Table 1 and Table 2. The unit of speed used, is meters per
The most probable wind speed denotes the most frequent wind second.

Table 1: Daily records of wind speed for the year 2015

Days JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
1 2.018 6.001 3.133 1.652 3.938 2.621 1.853 3.289 2.123 3.648 2.042 2.325
2 2.160 4.093 2.784 1.744 2.404 3.065 3.183 3.379 2.969 2.858 2.173 2.553
3 2.485 3.952 2.263 2.046 3.197 1.948 2.769 3.759 2.778 2.687 1.308 3.977
4 3.993 3.723 2.373 2.374 2.643 2.884 2.508 4.228 1.515 2.346 2.488 3.342

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

5 3.171 1.436 2.257 2.389 3.364 2.816 2.214 3.866 2.868 2.658 1.815 3.090
6 2.744 3.435 2.563 1.880 2.713 3.037 1.746 3.882 1.362 2.041 1.652 2.861
7 3.427 4.610 3.379 2.037 3.046 1.210 3.354 3.876 3.037 2.022 1.963 4.225
8 4.305 3.631 3.269 2.394 3.124 2.868 2.789 2.870 2.816 2.191 2.243 2.536
9 4.568 2.148 2.789 3.148 2.583 1.515 3.269 2.879 2.884 2.786 2.342 2.478
10 4.467 3.515 3.354 1.917 3.032 2.778 3.379 5.135 1.948 2.159 1.738 2.157
11 5.134 2.840 1.746 2.195 3.269 2.969 2.564 3.900 3.065 2.167 1.793 3.084
12 5.956 2.646 2.214 1.628 2.175 2.153 2.257 2.884 2.621 1.723 1.706 2.285
13 3.626 2.369 2.508 1.209 2.515 1.704 2.373 2.845 2.243 2.749 2.428 1.793
14 2.472 2.721 2.769 1.631 4.728 1.673 2.263 3.564 1.458 1.339 2.612 2.441
15 2.460 3.405 3.502 1.926 2.647 2.783 2.784 3.152 3.404 2.022 2.030 3.229
16 2.450 3.499 3.183 1.994 2.381 3.818 3.133 4.227 3.707 2.474 1.912 2.879
17 2.070 3.893 1.853 1.501 3.602 1.980 3.438 4.520 3.510 2.387 2.094 2.728
18 3.914 2.687 2.387 1.586 2.970 3.510 2.806 2.509 1.980 2.090 1.438 2.640
19 3.422 4.059 2.811 1.893 1.972 3.707 1.559 3.022 3.818 2.284 1.690 2.469
20 3.693 2.903 3.124 1.756 3.584 3.396 3.546 3.380 2.783 2.122 2.016 2.370
21 3.670 1.100 3.639 2.015 3.342 1.458 3.124 2.581 1.673 2.315 1.749 3.468
22 4.377 4.519 1.559 2.614 2.909 2.243 2.811 3.850 1.704 3.151 1.282 4.283
23 4.844 3.471 2.806 2.769 2.281 3.139 2.387 2.761 3.503 1.968 1.929 2.662
24 4.907 2.989 3.426 2.392 2.400 3.503 2.978 2.469 2.807 1.882 2.012 5.080
25 4.777 1.719 3.327 2.962 2.164 2.569 2.826 3.375 3.306 2.358 1.759 3.710
26 3.843 3.004 2.960 1.298 1.490 2.807 4.405 3.074 3.304 2.601 2.727 2.707
27 4.522 2.803 3.032 2.607 2.819 2.944 1.194 4.506 3.162 2.198 3.220 2.476
28 4.416 1.031 2.978 2.177 2.700 3.306 3.032 2.493 2.944 1.860 2.215 1.641
29 4.148 2.826 2.390 2.052 3.162 2.960 2.963 2.569 1.080 2.619 2.040
30 3.225 4.405 2.534 1.237 3.304 3.426 3.306 3.139 1.594 2.552 2.094
31 4.420 1.194 2.561 3.327 4.239 2.131 2.099

Table 2: Daily records of wind speed for the year, 2016

days JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC
1 2.531 2.080 3.724 3.257 3.269 2.576 2.404 3.032 3.440 2.840 1.463 2.128
2 3.551 2.399 3.952 3.171 3.032 1.910 2.197 3.381 2.974 3.056 2.608 1.560
3 2.634 3.316 4.093 3.192 2.583 2.454 2.643 2.381 3.815 3.267 2.019 1.318
4 2.322 4.516 6.001 3.352 3.124 3.151 3.383 3.602 2.997 1.861 1.666 1.694
5 1.911 3.545 1.436 5.241 3.046 2.253 2.713 4.743 2.840 2.757 1.706 2.538
6 2.035 2.662 2.840 3.616 2.713 3.395 3.046 2.700 3.082 2.340 2.423 2.076
7 2.072 3.273 3.515 2.703 3.364 1.513 3.124 2.561 3.649 3.015 2.673 2.493
8 2.832 3.760 2.148 3.530 2.643 2.598 2.583 2.052 3.955 3.176 1.615 2.326
9 4.080 2.566 3.632 2.809 3.197 1.636 3.032 2.292 3.749 2.319 2.682 2.221
10 3.341 2.201 4.610 1.975 2.404 2.924 3.269 2.666 3.295 2.146 2.857 2.677
11 2.762 3.385 3.436 3.275 3.938 3.082 3.500 3.584 4.482 2.202 2.992 2.399
12 3.237 3.338 3.698 1.945 2.175 1.529 2.909 1.972 4.147 0.873 1.669 2.669
13 2.929 4.017 3.004 3.026 2.515 2.289 2.381 2.404 1.932 2.572 1.375 2.164
14 2.576 3.134 1.719 4.371 4.937 3.515 3.602 2.164 2.188 1.005 1.972 1.551
15 3.269 3.606 2.989 1.593 2.647 2.080 2.970 2.400 2.692 3.205 2.518 2.156
16 3.219 4.886 3.471 2.988 2.970 1.189 2.647 2.909 2.803 1.547 2.947 2.288
17 2.726 5.028 4.519 3.054 3.602 2.405 4.937 3.197 2.036 2.069 1.635 1.349
18 2.043 3.401 1.100 2.519 2.381 3.676 2.515 2.040 2.621 1.897 1.597 2.279
19 2.121 5.704 2.903 1.921 2.909 2.703 2.175 3.371 3.502 2.798 1.937 2.634
20 1.547 3.941 4.045 2.720 3.497 2.735 3.862 2.713 2.339 1.989 2.288 1.925
21 3.012 4.572 2.551 2.240 3.584 2.237 2.281 3.497 1.562 1.856 2.911 1.821
22 2.128 3.194 3.893 3.379 1.972 2.033 2.700 2.643 2.716 2.015 2.184 2.904
23 2.536 4.644 3.499 3.976 2.164 3.148 2.561 2.970 1.670 2.045 1.669 2.380
24 2.651 3.039 3.405 3.725 2.400 2.423 2.052 2.281 1.636 2.122 2.070 2.310
25 3.783 3.655 2.721 2.513 1.490 2.887 1.237 3.046 3.212 1.888 2.396 2.839
26 3.345 3.667 2.369 2.752 2.281 3.540 2.666 3.862 1.867 2.345 2.478 2.962
27 4.524 3.061 2.481 4.316 3.985 2.931 3.584 2.739 1.754 2.571 2.989 2.855
28 3.082 4.786 2.646 2.175 2.700 3.463 1.972 3.124 2.571 1.682 2.974 2.576
29 4.395 4.332 3.131 2.548 2.561 3.852 2.164 2.515 2.511 2.645 1.996 2.157
30 2.253 2.968 2.938 2.052 3.880 2.400 2.175 2.067 2.322 2.643 1.515
31 1.759 3.954 1.237 1.490 2.583 2.769 1.572

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

4. Two-Parameter weibull distribution analysis speed data based on equation (4), (5) and (3) respectively. The
The Weibull distribution parameters Shape (k), Scale (c) and computations were carried out with Microsoft Excel and thus,
standard deviation, were calculated using the measured wind the results are given in the Table 3

Table 3: Monthly values of Weibull parameters and standard deviation of wind speed (2015)
Qty Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
4.121 3.150 4.735 4.994 4.454 4.286 4.763 5.787 4.349 5.032 5.336 4.040
4.110 3.520 3.048 2.276 3.037 2.967 3.036 3.716 2.965 2.450 2.224 3.121
1.013 1.095 0.666 0.475 0.700 0.707 0.660 0.683 0.698 0.508 0.439 0.782

Table 4: k, c and values for the year, 2016.

Qty Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
4.208 4.629 3.647 4.225 4.175 4.119 4.240 5.186 3.863 4.349 4.821 5.312
3.091 3.993 3.593 3.332 3.104 2.941 3.013 3.076 3.095 2.525 2.434 2.388
0.748 0.890 0.984 0.804 0.757 0.725 0.725 0.622 0.807 0.594 0.524 0.473

From the results obtained, the wind power density can be (4). Also, the monthly characteristic speeds, were
estimated using Weibull scale parameters, k and c using calculated using equation (7), (8) and the results are shown in
equation (8). The estimated power density are shown in table the table below.
Table 5: Monthly characteristic speeds and wind power density.
Month Parameter 2015 2016 Parameters 2015 2016
Jan 38.888 16.485 Jul 15.383 15.245
3.842 2.898 2.890 2.828
4.525 3.391 3.268 3.300
Feb 26.192 35.092 Aug 27.865 15.884
3.118 3.789 3.596 2.951
4.114 4.315 3.911 3.275
Mar 15.74 26.638 Sep 14.470 16.808
2.899 3.291 2.792 2.864
3.284 4.051 3.234 3.448
Apr 6.457 20.639 Oct 14.470 8.944
2.177 3.126 2.792 2.378
2.435 3.652 3.234 2.755
May 15.511 16.705 Nov 5.998 7.915
2.869 2.907 2.140 2.319
3.201 3.409 2.361 2.616
Jun 14.537 14.242 Dec 17.073 7.421
2.789 2.749 2.908 2.296
3.244 3.237 3.447 2.536

Fig 1: Weibull distribution curves showing monthly wind speed characteristics in 2015.

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

Fig 2: Weibull distribution curves showing monthly wind speed characteristics in 2016.

5. Discussion times of the minimum (7.42 W/m2) in December). Such

The determination of the wind potential of the selected sites considerable amount of difference in wind power density is
was made by analysing in detail the wind characteristics, such seen because the power is proportional to the cube of the wind
as the mean wind speed, the resulting power density. The speed. When a wind project will be assessed or designed, this
daily wind speed recorded for the 2015 and 2016 is Presented significant difference from month to month will underscore
in Table 1 and Table 2 respectively it is obvious from the the performance of the installed wind turbine. Osatohanmwen
Tables that the highest daily wind speed recorded in 2015 was et al. [11] applied Weibull distribution to determined wind
6.001m/s on the 1st of February while 2016 was 6.001m/s on power density in Benin City using five year daily average
the 4th of March which was high and sufficient to generate wind speed data obtained from National Center for Energy
electricity for that day. While the lowest daily wind speed and Environment in University of Benin, whereas the present
recorded in 2015 and 2016 was1.031m/s on 28th February and study used two year data obtained from Nigeria
0.873m/s on 12th October which was very low and insufficient Meteorological Agency Benin and results was in agreement
for electricity generation for that day. The monthly calculated with little difference compared with the latter
mean wind speed, power and power density and their
corresponding predicted values was presented in Table 3. 6. Conclusion
Results shows that wind speed decreases with power and In this assessment two-year data of one station has been
power density and increase in wind speed also increases the analysed. The analysis has been done based on 2-parameter
power and the power density which shows that power is Weibull distribution function. The crucial outcomes of this
directly proportional to the cube of wind speed. The results study are summarized below:
was also justify as represented in Figure1, Figure2, Figure3  The highest of the monthly average wind speed recorded
and Figure4 showing a non linear relationship between power for the years, 2015 and 2016 are 3.731m/s and 3.645m/s
and wind speed which is as a result of the cube of the wind respectively.
velocity. From the Figures, the higher the wind speed, the  The yearly mean wind speeds were found to be 2.774m/s
higher the power and the higher the power density. A look at and 2.787m/s in 2015 and 2016 respectively.
the probabilitydensity in figures 1 and 2 clearly shows that the  The maximum wind power density has been found to be
Weibull distribution provides a very good fit for the data. This 31.83 in January, 2015.
is also emphasized by the results of the standard deviation It has been shown that the weibull distribution is highly
(error) contained in Table 3 and Table 4 which supports a very adequate in modelling the wind speed of Benin City. This is
good fit of the Weibull distribution to the observed wind very important because the choice of the distribution used in
speed data.From Table 5 we see that the Benin City is capable modelling observed wind speed plays a very crucial role in
of generating a power output of 1.2545W/m2daily, which is wind power analysis.
quite a small amount of power output. This however shows At the end, it can be concluded that it will not be economical
that the city lies in the low wind speed zone in the country to generate electricity from this site. A wind turbine usually
with small amount of wind resources. It can also be seen from needs wind speeds of around 5-6 m/s to generate electricity.
the 2-parameter Weibull analysis, that there are dramatic However, there are some latest wind turbines particularly
monthly changes in the wind power density obtained in Table vertical axis models that can generate electricity with as little
(5) with a maximum value (38.88 W/m2 in January) being 5.24 as around 2.3 m/s wind speed.

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Technology

7. References
1. Agbetuyi AF, Akinbulire TO, Abdulkareem AO,
Awosope COA. Wind energy potential in Nigeria.
International Electrical Engineering Journal (IEEJ). 2012;
3(1):595-601.
2. Asiegbu AD, Iwuoha GS. Studies of wind resources in
Umudike, South East Nigeria – An assessment of
economic viability, Journal of Engineering and Applied
sciences. 2007; 2(10):1539-1541.
3. Azi SO, Igboanugo AC, Henikhena PA, Itabor NA.
Analysis of Wind Data from August to October 2011 in
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