111-2

Data Analysis Assignment

Name:陳泓睿
Student ID:B11505026

On ,2023

0 Answer
1. Descriptive Statistics and the Central Limit Theorem
(i) [3 pts] 為十項估計值的平均(0.257 + 0.253 + 0.260 + 0.250 + 0.251 + 0.251 + 0.257 + 0.258 + 0.255 + 0.252) /
𝑐𝑚3
10 = 0.2544
𝑠

0.2572 +0.2532+0.2602 +0.2502 +0.2512 +0.2512+0.2572 +0.2572 +0.2582 +0.2552 +0.2522 𝑐𝑚3
(ii) [3 pts]σ= √ − 0.25442 = 0.0033
10 𝑠

𝑐𝑚3
(iii) [3 pts]𝑢 = 𝜎/√𝑁 = 0.0033/√10 = 0.0010
𝑠

𝑐𝑚3
(iv) [3 pts] 0.2544 (10)
𝑠

2. The Example of using Least Squares Regression

I-cos2θ圖
2
1.8 y = 0.9039 x + 0.9590
1.6
1.4
1.2
I(n)

1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
-1.5 -1 -0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5
cos(2θ)

1
 (ii) [3 pts]數據呈線性關係，應使用 linear scales
(iii) [3 pts]可利用上圖中得到的線性迴歸直線求得 90 度的數值，I90=0.9039n * cos(2*90)+0.9590n = 0.05510n
(iv) intercept[3 pts]0.9590
and slope[3 pts]0.9039
(v) 由題目知 I 和 θ 的關係 I = ( Imax - Imin )(2θ) + Imin 和函數 y=0.9039x+0.9590 比較
得( Imax - Imin ) = 0.9039n 和 Imin = 0.9590n
the best estimates of Imax[3 pts] 1.862n and Imin [3 pts] 0.9590n;
(vi)
Thw polarizer angle Intensity,
θ I x=cos(2θ) u(x) u(I) x*I Mx MI Mx*u(x) MI*u(I) Bx*u(x) BI*u(I) N AVE(x) AVE(x*x) AVE(I) AVE(x*I) std dev(x)
(degrees) (arbitraryunits) 8 -0.0958 0.489146989 0.8725 0.35028419 0.47997786
0 1.86 1.0000 0 0.01 1.86 -0.258687 0.024937 0 0.000249 0 0.001274
20 1.63 0.7660 0.579551 0.01 1.248652 -0.208444 5.233511 -0.1208037 0.052335 -0.0770465 0.006261
40 1.13 0.1736 0.045587 0.01 0.196222 -0.05977 10.44208 -0.0027247 0.104421 -0.0054114 0.011249
60 0.52 -0.5000 0.575965 0.01 -0.26 0.098509 15.65066 0.05673785 0.156507 -0.0596408 0.016236
80 0.16 -0.9397 0.090892 0.01 -0.15035 0.211753 20.85923 0.01924668 0.208592 -0.0084262 0.021224
100 0 -0.9397 0.568816 0.01 0 0.170085 26.06781 0.09674691 0.260678 -0.0550019 0.026211
120 0.57 -0.5000 0.135635 0.01 -0.285 0.111531 31.27638 0.0151274 0.312764 -0.0138757 0.031199
140 1.11 0.1736 0.558147 0.01 0.192749 -0.064978 36.48495 -0.0362673 0.36485 -0.0665334 0.036186
value Absolute Uncertainty
slope 0.90385609 0.640025
intercept 0.95904924 0.145221

the standard uncertainty of intercept[3 pts] = √∑8i=1(((MXi )u(Xi ))2 + ((MIi )u(Ii ))2 = 0.64n
the standard uncertainty of slope[3 pts] = √∑8i=1(((BXi )u(Xi ))2 + ((BIi )u(Ii ))2 = 0.15n
the standard uncertainty of Imax[3 pts]
3. Transforming Data for Least Squares
(i) 觀察 P = ρgh +PA ,可發現此式子可寫成直線的表達式: P = (ρg)h +PA
x: [3 pts] h (the depth of water in the tank);
y: [3 pts] P (the pressure)
(ii) the intercept: [3 pts] PA; the slope: [3 pts] ρg.
4. The chart for decoding information for color banded axial resistors
(i) [6 pts] 可以,因為 tolerances of resistors 代表著電阻實際上的可能範圍，因此可作為電阻的不確定度。
(ii) [6 pts]串聯電阻器，總電壓為 2.00 + 0.87 = 2.87V，u(V) = √((0.03)2 +(0.03)2 )𝑉 2 = 0.04V ，電流為
𝑉 2.87𝑉 R R
0.00010(3)A，電阻為𝑅 = = = 28700Ω ， u(R) = √( u(I))2 + ( u(V))2 =
𝐼 0.00010𝐴 I V

√((2.87*0.00003)2 + (0.00010*0.03)2 )Ω2 = 0.000086Ω