Infolink University College - Hawassa Campus

Department of Computer Science

INTERNSHIP REPORT

Hosting Organization: SOUTH NATION NATIONALITY AND PEOPLE

REGION STATE TRADE AND INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT BUREAU

Name ID
1.
2.
3.
…

Date Submitted: 30/02/2015 EC

Hawassa, Ethiopia

Infolink University College - Hawassa Campus

 Department of Computer Science

Hosting Organization: _______________________________

Assigned Department: _______________________________
Supervisor’s Name: __________________________________
Supervisor’s Position: _______________________________

Started Date: _______________

Completed Date: ____________
 Acknowledgment
First we would like to express our gratitude for for giving us a chance of
internship activity to improve our theoretical knowledge to practical knowledge. Next,
our heartfelt gratitude goes to Mr.Asheber and Mr.Milkiyas, the ICT AND Development
Data Supporting Business System administrator, for hosting the internship program for
the last two months and for his cooperation at work place.

The system administrator, for their willingness, patience and effort to share their wisdom
and for what they had thought us throughout the entire time of our internship.

Finally, I have very thankful to Organization and teachers. And also, We would like to
thank my dear friends and all others who encouraged and helped we to complete my
internship program successfully.
Abstract
 List of Tables and Figures
Table 1 – Name of table ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Table 1 – Name of table ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Figure 1 – Name of table ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
Figure 2 – Name of table ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
 Table of Contents
1. Introduction.................................................................................................................7
1.1 Background of “organization name”............................................................................7
1.1 Mission..................................................................................................................... 7
1.2 Vision.......................................................................................................................7
1.3 Core Values..............................................................................................................7
1.4 Main Products and Services.....................................................................................7
1.5 Main Customers.......................................................................................................7
1.2 Objective...................................................................................................................... 7
1.2.1 General Objective..................................................................................................7
1.2.2 Specific Objective.............................................................................................7
1.3 Scope............................................................................................................................ 7
2. The Overall Internship Experience.................................................................................7
2.1 The Section of the Company We Worked On.........................................................7
2.2 The Work Flow of the Department..........................................................................8
2.3 Specific Tasks Performed........................................................................................8
2.4 Challenges Faced and Solutions Taken...................................................................8
2.4.1 Challenges Faced..................................................................................................8
2.4.2 Solutions Proposed...............................................................................................8
3 Overall Benefits Gained from the Internship...................................................................9
3.1 Practical Skill...........................................................................................................9
3.2 Theoretical Knowledge............................................................................................9
3.3 Interpersonal Communication Skills.......................................................................9
3.4 Skills of Working in Teams.....................................................................................9
3.5 Leadership Skills......................................................................................................9
4. Contributions Made for the Organization.......................................................................9
5. Conclusion and Recommendation..................................................................................9
1. Introduction

1.1 Background of “organization name”

1.1 Mission

To make better off our people, we deeply scrutiny the regional natural resources and
investment opportunities, make promotion, offer investment license, motivate investors
and provide investment land, monitor investment projects performances, identify their
projects’ problems and provide solutions for sustainable regional investment growth.

1.2 Vision

By 2016, the region will become the front line urban development and Housing bureau
activity hubs by providing effective one-stop shop services.

1.3 Core Values

1.4 Main Products and Services

 1.5 Main Customers

1.2 Objective
1.2.1 General Objective

1.2.2 Specific Objective

1.3 Scope

2. The Overall Internship Experience

2.1 The Section of the Company We Worked On

Information Communication Technology directorate office has five main sections which
are system development section, networking section, database administration, video
conference technician section and maintenance section. Among those we have been
working on the two sections which are, networking section, and maintenance section.
During our two month internship program, we have been working different tasks
connected to those two sections. Maintenance section is responsible for solving hardware
and software problems of computers of the institution and networking section is
responsible for wired and wireless networks and maintaining network problems of the
institution. So that we have been working on those two sections by maintaining
computers which are found in the institution and maintaining network problems in the
institution.

2.2 The Work Flow of the Department

 Information Communication Technology directorate office is created as

supporting for the all office of the institution workers. It facilitates the utilization
of computers to increase their productivity and to avoid wastage of time and
 properties. This section also gives basic computer skills how they use computers,
maintaining computers automation and how to transfer information from one
section to another section by using networking.
 Main services given by Information Communication Technology directorate

1. Secured database administration and will be made accessible

2. Administer the different applications and websites
3. Training will be given to employees on different application which will enable to fill
their skill gap and help them to have better performance on their assignment
4. Maintain all electronics equipment in the office
5. Maintain network failure
6. Prepare annual specification for electronics equipment procurement
7. Make technical evaluation and confirm their standards
8. Follow up the video conference service in the bureau
9. Check Internet connection service and electric power

2.3 Specific Tasks Performed

During our two month stay on Information Communication Technology directorate we

were involved in different tasks. The first task we performed was understood the problem
and the use of materials which are present in the office. This helped us to work the office
works successfully without any damage of materials. Some of works we have done in the
office are listed below:-

 Networking and Cabling

 Printer, desktop and laptop maintenance(hardware)
 Software maintenance
 Windows and Operating installation
 Server functionality
2.4.1 Networking and Cabling
 Networking : is the process of interconnecting two or more computers that
are linked in order to share resources (such as printers and scanner), exchange
files, or allow electronic communications.

In networking section we worked on :

 connect printer and copy machine to the desktop using wire and
wireless
 connect computer with computer using wired

 Cabling

Cables are used to connect one network device to other network devices or to connect
two or more computers to share printer, scanner etc. Different types of network cables
like Coaxial cable, Optical fiber cable, Twisted Pair cables are used depending on the
network's topology, protocol and size. The devices can be separated by a few meters (e.g.
via Ethernet) or nearly unlimited distances (e.g. via the interconnections of the
Internet).There are several types of cable which are commonly used with LANs. In some
cases, a network will utilize only one type of cable, other networks will use a variety of
cable types. The type of cable chosen for a network is related to the network's topology,
protocol, and size. Understanding the characteristics of different types of cable and how
they relate to other aspects of a network is necessary for the development of a successful
network.

Twisted pair cabling: is a form of wiring in which pairs of wires (the forward and return
conductors of a single circuit) are twisted together for the purposes of cancelling out
electromagnetic interference (EMI) from other wire pairs and from external sources. This
type of cable is used for home and corporate Ethernet networks. Depending on devices
they connect to share data by twisted pair cable, cabling of twisted pair cabling is divided
into two major parts:

 Straight through
 Crossover

Straight through cable: is a type of twisted pair copper wire cable for LAN use for
which the RJ-45 connectors at each end have the same pin out. The wires on the cable
are crossed over so that they receive signal pins on the connector on one end are
connected to the transmit signal pins on the connector on the other end. Straight-through
cable is used to connect computers and other end-user devices.

Straight through cable: used to connect two different devices

– Router to a hub
– Computer to a switch
– LAN port to a switch, hub, or computer

Table 1-T568Astraight through cable color arrangement

Crossover cable: Is a type of twisted pair copper wire cable for LAN use for which the
second
and third pairs on one end of the cable will be reversed on the other end. Cross over
cabling is
used as a backbone cable to connect two or more switches in LAN, or connect two
isolated hosts to create a mini-LAN. Crossover cable is used to connect two like devices
without the use of an
uplink port.

Note: Each cable type has a distinct use, and should not be used in place of another.
Example by connect in cross over cable.

 Computer to a computer
 Router to a router
 Switch to a switch
 Hub to a hub

Table 2-T568A crossover color of cable arrangement

Connectors
• The most common UTP connector is RJ45 (RJ stands for registered jack)

The procedure we have been using while performing our tasks

To achieve my goal of internship we have been following the best approach that leads us
to dedicated destination. Procedures we have been using during my internship period in
Information Communication Technology center analyze each projects and works which is
assigned to our group.

Network cabling what is network cabling? Cable is the medium through which
information usually moves from one network device to another. There are several types
of cable which are commonly used with LANs. In some cases, a network will utilize only
one type of cable, other networks will use a variety of cable types. The type of cable
chosen for a network is related to the network's topology, protocol, and size.

Materials required during listed below tasks are: - RJ-45 connector, cable, crimpers,
wire stripper, cable tester.

Procedures
Strip/splicing: - Is the process of taking a solid color cable and applying a straight line or
cylindrical stripe on the cable for identification.

Figure 1. 8 splice cable end

Untwist wire ends: - is the process of sorting the wires inside the insulation in pairs so
we

Figure 1. 9 Untwist wire ends

Arrange wires: - Is the arranging of the eight colors of the Ethernet cables according to
the
desired cabling type; straight through and crossover cabling and align to the RJ-45 slots.

Figure 1. 10 Arranging wire

Trim wires in size: - is the process of trimming the wires evenly by leaving about ½ of
wires
exposed.

Figure 1. 11 Trim wires in size

Attach connector: - Maintain wire order, left-to-right, with RJ45 tab facing downward

Figure 1. 12 attaching a connector

Check: - is the process of checking if all the wire ends are extend to an end of the cable
and if
the shield is well fit inside the RJ-45.

Figure 1. 13 Checking
Crimp: - Is connecting the color coded cables aligned to RJ-45 slots by squeezing firmly
using an
instrument called crimper.

Figure 1. 14 Crimper

Testing: - Is the last procedure in the preparation of cable, in which we check the eight
pin of wires are properly punched and give eight lights on testing machine as per the
desired type.

Figure 1.15
Printer, desktop and laptop maintenance

Software maintenance

Software maintenance is part of the software development life cycle. The purpose of the
service is to modify and continuously update software applications to eliminate all
possible errors, malfunctions, to improve work efficiency and better system performance.

This is a very broad activity that occurs soon after the development is completed. It
optimizes system performance by reducing errors, eliminating unnecessary development
and applying innovations.

Why software maintenance is required?

Software maintenance is needed for several reasons which are listed below:

1. Correction of 'bugs':
The most important part of the service is the correction of errors or in other words 'bugs'.
It is very important that the software works without problems. We recommend setting
this task as a priority.

This process contains the search for errors in the code and their correction. Problems can
occur in hardware, operating systems, or any piece of software. This should be done
without prejudice to the remaining functions of the existing software.

2. Improving opportunities for a changing environment:

This part of the service is important for improving the current functions and for making
the system compatible for changing the environment.

It extends the capabilities of programs, work patterns, hardware upgrades, compilers, and
all other aspects that affect the workflow of the system. Increase the performance of your
system using a technically updated solution and regularly using software maintenance
services.

3. Remove obsolete functions:

Functionalities that are no longer used and unnecessarily occupy the space in the solution
actually reduce the efficiency of the system. Therefore, the removal of obsolete functions
is necessary. These user interface and coding elements are removed and replaced with
new functions using the latest tools and technologies.

This change makes the system adaptive to cope with changing circumstances.
4. Performance improvement:
Improving system performance is making in order to meet new requirements. Data and
encoding constraints as well as reengineering are part of software maintenance. This
prevents the solution from being vulnerable. This is not any functionality that works in
operations, but it evolves to stop harmful actions, such as hacking

Software maintenance categories:

1. Adaptive. Some changes are made to the system to ensure its compatibility with
changing environments.
2. Perfective. Checks on the fine-tuning of all elements of the system, the
functionality and capabilities to improve system performance.
3. Corrective. Detection of errors and mistakes in the existing solution and their
correction to ensure the effective operation of the system.
4. Preventive. Helps prevent potential system vulnerabilities

From this we are performed the two maintenance techniques, corrective and preventive

From preventive:

 Review and install the appropriate security, software, and driver updates.
 Update the virus definition files and scan for viruses
 Remove unwanted or unused programs.
 Disk cleaning

Corrective Maintenance

Corrective maintenance, commonly referred to as 'repair,' is the correction of a problem

after the computer has already broken down. The goal of this form of maintenance is to
restore operability to the system by either correcting the problem or replacing the
damaged components. Common corrective measures involve removing viruses and
malware, uninstalling harmful programs, reformatting, and running a system restore,
among others.

 Reinstalling Your Compromised Computer's Operating System (activate window)

 Remove Viruses From the Computer
 Reformatting a Computer
Steps to activate your windows:-
You just need to follow the steps mentioned below and use the windows pro key
generator tool wisely.
When you complete the 4 steps, then you will be able to Activate windows permanently,
KMSpico Activator,
1. Firstly, you have to Download KMSpico. 
2. Then, Disable your internet connection.
3. Disable your Antivirus also. Otherwise, the Antivirus considers the crack file as a
Virus and deletes the file. In other words, you will not be able to activate your
windows.
4. Now open the KMSPico file and Click on activate the button and follow the steps.
It will activate Microsoft All Products, which is installed on the device.
5. And that’s it, now the Windows is activated.

Steps to format a Computer

 Backup any important data. Formatting your drive will delete all of the
data on it and remove the operating system. Make sure that you have any
important files backed up to another location, such as an external drive or
the cloud.
1. If you're trying to securely erase the data on a drive before disposing of it,
see the Securely Formatting a Drive section of this article instead.

2.
6.
2 Insert your Windows installation disc. You'll be using your Windows installation
disc to format your drive. This is the easiest way to format the primary drive, as you
cannot do this from within Windows itself. You don't need to use your own installation
disc, as you won't actually be entering a product key (unless you proceed with reinstalling
Windows). If you can't find your installation disc, you may still have options depending
on your version of Windows:

1. Windows 7 - You can download an ISO file for Windows 7 is entering your
product key here. You'll then be transferring this ISO file to a blank DVD
or USB drive using the Windows 7 USB/DVD Download Tool which you
can download here.
2. Windows 8 - You can download the Windows 8 Media Creation tool from
Microsoft here. This program will download and create Windows
installation media on either a blank DVD or USB drive (4GB or larger).
Run the tool and follow the prompts to create the installation media.
3. Windows 10 - You can download the Windows 10 Media Creation tool
from Microsoft here. Run this program to download and create your
Windows 10 installation disk on either a blank DVD or USB drive. Most
users should download the 64-bit version of the tool. If you aren't sure, see 
How to Check if Windows is 32-Bits or 64-Bits.

7.
3 Set your computer to boot from the installation drive. In order to run the installer
and format the drive, you'll need to set your computer to boot from that drive (DVD or
USB) instead of your hard drive. The process for this varies depending on whether your
computer came with Windows 7 (or older), or if your computer came with Windows 8 (or
newer).

1. Windows 7 (and older) - Reboot your computer and press the BIOS,
SETUP, or BOOT key that is displayed when the computer first starts. The
most common keys are  F2 ,  F11 ,  F12 , and  Del . In the BOOT menu,
set your installation drive as the primary boot device.
2. Windows 8 (and newer) - Click the Power button in the Start screen or
menu. Hold ⇧  Shift  and click Restart to reboot into the "Advanced
startup" menu. Select the "Troubleshoot" option and then "Advanced
options". Click "UEFI Firmware Settings" and then open the BOOT menu.
Set your installation drive as the primary boot device.

8.
4 Start the setup process. Windows will load the setup files and then start the
installation process. You'll be asked to select your language and accept the terms before
you proceed.

9.

5 Select a "Custom" installation. This will allow you to format your hard drive during
the installation.
 10.

6 Select the partition you want to format. After proceeding through the initial
installation screens, you'll be shown all of the hard drives and their partitions. You will
typically have several partitions on your computer, one for your operating system, one
recovery partition, and any additional partitions you may have created or drives you may
have installed.

1. You can delete partitions on the same drive to combine them all into a
single unallocated partition. This will delete any data on the partitions.
Click the "Drive options" button to see the "Delete" option for partitions.
2. If you delete all of your partitions, you'll need to create a new one before it
can be formatted. Select the unallocated space and click "New" to create a
new partition. You'll be able to set the size of the partition out of the
available free space. Note that you typically cannot create more than four
partitions on a single drive.
 11.

7 Format the selected partition. Click the "Format" button after selecting the partition
or drive. If you don't see the Format button, click the "Drive options" button to reveal it.
You will be warned that the format process will delete all data on the partition. Once you
agree, the format will happen automatically. This may take a few moments to complete.
 12.

8 Install your operating system. Formatting your primary removes the operating

system, so you won't be able to use the PC until you install an operating system again.
You can proceed with the Windows installation after formatting the drive, or you can
install a different operating system such as Linux. To install Windows, follow the rest of
the prompts in the setup program after formatting. To install Linux, you'll need Linux
installation media. See How to Install Linux for instructions on installing a variety of
different Linux versions.

Windows and Operating installation

Steps to install window

1. Connect a blank USB flash drive or insert a blank writable DVD. You can install
Windows 10 by creating a bootable USB flash drive or DVD that contains the Windows
10 installation files. You'll need a USB flash drive that's at least 8GB, or any blank DVD
to get started.[1]

 If you already have Windows 10 installed on the PC and just want to reinstall it,
it'll be easiest to reinstall it from within Windows 10 instead of creating
installation media.
 If you want to upgrade from Windows 7 or Windows 8.1, you won't need to
create an installation disc or drive. However, you will need to follow most of this
method to start the upgrade.
2 Make sure you have a product key. If you bought Windows 10 through Microsoft
using your Microsoft account, your product key is already linked to your account. If you
bought Windows 10 from another retailer, you'll have a 25-character product key that
you'll need to have handy to activate Windows.[2]

 If you don't have a product key or you're installing Windows 10 on a new hard
drive, make sure you've linked your Windows 10 digital license to your Microsoft
account before you start the installation.[3] Head to Settings > Update &
Security > Activation from the current installation—if the activation status says
Windows is activated with a digital license, click Add an account and follow the
on-screen instructions to link your Microsoft account.
 If you're upgrading from an earlier version and your PC qualifies for a free
upgrade, you won't need a product key.
3 Go to https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10%20. This
is the official download site for Windows 10.
4 Click Download tool now. This is a blue button in the middle of the page. This
downloads the Media Creation Tool, which you'll use to create your installation media (or
start your upgrade).

5 Double-click the downloaded file. Its name begins with "MediaCreationTool" and

ends with ".exe." You'll find it in your default download folder, which is usually called
Downloads.

 Click Yes when prompted to allow the installer to run.

6 Click Accept to accept the license. It's in the bottom-right corner of the window.
7 Select "Create installation media" and click OK. This option lets you create a
Windows installation disc or drive that will work on any compatible PC, not just the one
you're using now.

 If you're updating your PC from an earlier version of Windows, select Upgrade

this PC now instead, and then follow the on-screen instructions to install
Windows 10. You're done!

8 Select your preferences and click Next. If you're installing Windows on the current
PC, you can keep the default options. If you need to install on a different PC, make sure
you choose the language and edition for which you have a license, and select the
architecture (64-bit or 32-bit) that matches the PC you're going to install on.

 If you're not sure about the architecture, you can choose Both from the menu.
9 Choose an installation type and click Next. An ISO file is a type of file that can be
burned to a DVD, so choose that option if you plan to create a DVD. Otherwise, choose
the USB flash drive option.
10 Create your installation media. The steps are a little different depending on what
you're doing:

 Flash drive: Select your flash drive from the list, click Next, and wait for the
installation files to install. When the process is complete, click Finish.
 DVD/ISO: Click Save to save the ISO file to your computer—it may take a
while because the file is large and has to be downloaded. Once downloaded,
you'll see a progress screen that monitors the download. When the download is
complete, click Open DVD burner on the "Burn the ISO file to a DVD" screen,
select your DVD burner, and then click Burn to create your DVD.

Booting from Windows 10 Installation Media

1 Connect your Windows 10 installation media. If you created a flash drive, connect it
to the PC on which you want to install Windows 10. If you made a DVD, insert it into the
drive now.

2 Boot the PC into the BIOS. If your PC is not already set up to boot from your flash or
optical drive, rebooting from your installation media won't work. You'll need to make a
quick change in your BIOS to change the boot order. There are a few ways to get in:

 Windows 8.1 or 10: From Windows, open Settings, select Update &

Recovery or Update & Security, and go to Recovery > Restart
now > Troubleshoot > Advanced Options > UEFI Firmware
Settings > Restart.
 Any PC: Reboot the PC and immediately start pressing (over and over again) the
keyboard key required by your PC to enter "Setup," or the BIOS. The key varies
by computer, but here are some of the most common keys:
 Acer and Asus: F2 or Del
 Dell: F2 or F12
 HP: ESC or F10
 Lenovo: F1, F2, or Fn + F2
 Lenovo ThinkPads: Enter + F1.
  MSI: DEL
 Microsoft Surface Tablets: Press and hold the volume-up button.
 Samsung and Toshiba: F2
 Sony: F1, F2, or F3

3 Go to the Boot tab. You'll use the arrow keys to select it.

 The Boot tab may instead say Boot Options or Boot Order, depending on your

computer's manufacturer.

4 Select a device from which to boot. You have a couple of options here:

 For a USB flash drive, select the Removable Devices option.

 For a disc installation, select the CD-ROM Drive or Optical Drive option.

5 Press the  +  key until your boot option is first. Once either Removable

Devices or CD-ROM Drive is at the top of the list, your computer will select your choice
as its default boot option.

 On some computers, you'll instead press one of the function keys (e.g., F5 or the

arrow keys to navigate an option up to the top of the menu. The key will be listed
on the right side of the screen.

6 Save your settings. You should see a key prompt (e.g., F10 at the bottom of the screen
that correlates to "Save and Exit". Pressing it will save your settings and restart your
computer.
7 Wait for your computer to restart. Once your computer finishes restarting, you'll see
a window here with your geographical data. ready to begin setting up your Windows 10
installation.
Installing Windows 10

1 Click Next when prompted. You can also change the options on this page (e.g., the
setup language) before continuing if need be.
2 Click Install Now. It's in the middle of the window.
3 3 Enter your Windows 10 key, then click Next. If you don't have a Windows 10
key, instead click Skip in the bottom-right corner of the screen.

 If you've already installed Windows 10 on this PC and were signed in with your
Microsoft account, your key should be linked to your account. When prompted,
just sign in with your Microsoft account and Windows will locate your key.[4]
 If you've changed hardware in the PC, such as replacing the motherboard, you
can activate Windows after installing by going to Settings > Update &
Security > Activation > Troubleshoot > I changed hardware on this device
recently. Sign in with your Microsoft account when prompted, choose This is
the device I'm using right now, and then click Activate.

4 Follow the on-screen instructions to install Windows 10. You'll be asked to perform

a few tasks, such as connecting to Wi-Fi and choosing some preferences. Once the
installation is complete, you'll have a fresh new installation of Windows 10.

 If you're upgrading from an earlier version of Windows, you'll be asked if you

want to upgrade the current operating system or do a custom install. If you
choose Upgrade, you'll preserve existing apps and files.

Operating System Installation Tasks

The following is an overview of the procedures that are needed to install a new operating
system (OS).
 1. Set up the display environment.

If you are not using the optional DVD drive for preparing the system for OS
installation and installing the OS, see Accessing the Server Output During
Installation

2. Erase the primary boot disk.

If you have an operating system preinstalled on the server, you will need to remove
it before installing a new operating system. See Erasing the Primary Boot Hard
Disk.

3. Set up the BIOS.

You need to make sure that the BIOS is set up for the operating system that you
plan to install. See Setting up the BIOS for Operating System Installation.

4. Install the operating system.

See the chapter in this document that corresponds to the operating system that you
plan to install.

5. Configure your server for RAID.

If you plan to configure your server for RAID operation, you will need to perform
some setup tasks before installing the operating system. See Configure Your
System for RAID.

6. Install the operating system, update the drivers, and run operating system updates,
as necessary. See Choosing an Operating System Installation Method and the chapter
that corresponds to the operating system that you want to install.

o Solaris Operating System Installation

o Linux Operating System Installation
o Windows Server 2003 Operating System Installation.

Server functionality

The Server Room

All major devices (servers, routers, firewall, DNS, power…etc.) must be secured and be
placed in the particular room. The devices must be placed in a standard way by putting all
devices in the rack. The rack will use 12U Network Server Rack Cabinet.

Figure 1.1 college of agriculture datacenter with many fiber switch’s and hubs, firewall,
power room and fan respectively.
Server: It is the networking devices used to store information, instruction and data as
RAM
And distributes for the wanted ones. Server provides services to the other programs or
users either
In the same computer or over a computer network.

Figure 1.2 Servers

Router: Router is the networking device works under networking layer of OSI model
used to Connect two or more different LAN networks. As I know before, the main
function of the router is used to network configuration. The router is the network device
that directs information from one location to another by using specific IP address.

Figure 1.3 Router

Switch:-Switches are devices used on the network to transmit and receive data from one
device to another or too many devices depending on the message intended. A switch
provides the full bandwidth of the network to each port, thereby reducing collisions on
the network.

Figure 1.4 Switch

Firewall: A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a private network
is Called Firewall. This device used to prevent the spread of fire between or through the
buildings;
Hence it used to spread the network by the security.
 Figure 1.5 Firewall
Hubs:-It operates in the physical layer of the OSI model, It is non-intelligent device, and
has no decision making capability, It takes the input data from one of the ports and
broadcast the information to all the other ports connected to the network.

Figure 1.6 Hubs

Repeater:- A repeater is a device similar to the Hub, but has additional features. It also
works in the Physical layer. The repeaters are used in places where amplification of input
signal is necessary But, the kind of amplification done by the repeater is different from
the regular amplification by amplifiers The regular amplifier amplifies everything fed
into it, including noise A repeater, however, regenerates the input signal, and amplifies
only the desirable signal. Hence, the noise component of the signal is eliminated.

Figure 1.7 Repeater

Networking

- List and explain the specific tasks that you have been assigned for during your
internship
- Mentioned the tasks in accordance with the time/schedule in a weekly basis
(need to be discussed in a table)

No. List of Activities Performed Date Date the Indicator for the
Assigned Activity Activity
for the Completed
Activity
1 Formatting desktop
2 Adding application
3 Cable Crimping
4 connect printer and copy
machine to the desktop
using wire and wireless

- What area of computer science you focused on (like: Software development,

Network, Maintenance, Security …etc.)
- Write any computer science related knowledge, skill you used while
performing your task
- List software and other tools you used
o Include those you newly learnt …or improved using …etc.

2.4 Challenges Faced and Solutions Taken

2.4.1 Challenges Faced

One of the main interested purposes of the internship program is to avoid different
challenges that faced during the professional work. Because any work cannot be
completed without any challenge; when we face a problem, we can work hard to
overcome challenges.
 - We have visited a number of companies whose the service they have given is
more related to our communication stream but they are not willing to accept
us due to some reason challenge.
- lack of transportation system in the morning
-
-
-
-
-
2.4.2 Solutions Proposed

To make our internship time suitable and smart we have tried to find a solution for the
above mentioned challenges. As one of the goals of internship program is to make
students solution maker about problems that exist around different company we
have taken the following measures.

 Change another organization

 Getting ready early to get transport
In Addition;-

 Understand the constraints of working life and functional relationship within and
between organizations.
 Develop work attitude like self confidence
 Be oriented toward work process
 Know how to communicate with co-workers
 Gain practical experience from this organization
Generally, we faced the above listed challenges and propose the above listed solutions
from our point of view, some of our problems faced effectively. Here the effort that we
supervisors and some responsible persons in the company help us to resolve the
challenges.
3 Overall Benefits Gained from the Internship

In this part, discuss what you learnt during your internship with respect to the
following parameters:

3.1 Practical Skill

3.2 Theoretical Knowledge

3.3 Interpersonal Communication Skills

3.4 Skills of Working in Teams

3.5 Leadership Skills

4. Contributions Made for the Organization

- Discuss what the organization has benefited from you

- List anything that you gave to the organization in the area of computer
Science

5. Conclusion and Recommendation

Appendices