Automatic Gas Stove

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SHORT PAPER

AUTOMATIC GAS STOVE WITH ADVANCED SAFETY FEATURES

Automatic Gas Stove With


Advanced Safety Features
http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v3i2.4685

Manu Mathew, Neelakantha V L


MITE Moodbidri, Karnataka India

Abstract—Gas stoves are now very common in all houses tion during the detection of gas fuel leakage to a registered
including urban and remote areas. The main power source mobile number.
for gas stoves are either LPG or biogas. Biogas is more cost At present almost all the gas stoves are manually oper-
effective compared to LPG. In both cases chemical energy ated. The most advanced gas stove that is available at
stored in the fuel is converted into heat energy and this heat present have the feature of self-ignition while turning the
energy is used for cooking purpose. Explosive range of LPG knob to ‘ON’ position In the past decade, enormous pro-
is 1.8%-9.5% volume of gas in air. Biogas mainly contains gress has been made in developing new communication
methane as its flammable agent. The leakage of LPG or
and sensor based techniques for developing automatic
biogas accompanied with a small spark will results in a huge
devices. The main purpose of the automation is to reduce
explosion that can even takes several life. So as a matter of
the human interference in the work and hence provide
safety leakage should be known in its early stage and should
more safety.
be compensated. The main source of the LPG is fossil fuels,
so its huge consumption will definitely lead to its shortage in
the near future. So to make sure the availability of fossil
based fuels for future generation it is our responsibility to
use the fuels at it minimum and avoid all wastage of fuels. In
this paper, we report the automation of gas stove which will
result in the minimum wastage of fuel and reduce the hu-
man interference in the process. This paper describes the
distinct properties of LPG that favours its flammability.
Some advanced safety features like alarm and automatic
message sending facility during gas leakage is also reviewed.
Analysis of percentage of reduction in gas wastage and
sensing capacity of the sensors are also discussed.

Index Terms—Automatic gas stove, leakage detection sen-


sor, GSM module.

I. INTRODUCTION
In recent years, whole world is looking after the safety Figure 1. Self ignition gas stove.
features of products than their costs and other subsidiary
features. Particularly while talking about machines it The main limitation of the automatic gas stove with ad-
should provide a safe environment for the working of vanced safety feature is that it require a power source for
humans. One should be more aware while dealing with the working of the alarm system and sensors. The objec-
flammable products. Small careless while dealing with tives of this paper are: 1) to describe the production of an
flammable products can cause big damage to the proper- automatic gas stove which detects the presence of vessel
ties and lives. More safety features should be included in and automatically ignites the gas stove and OFF the flame
machines dealing with flammable products. Almost every during the absence of the vessel; 2) to outline the ad-
home is using gas stoves for cooking purpose. A gas stove vanced safety features like automatic alarm ‘ON’ during
is nothing but an apparatus with valves and regulators that the LPG leakage and auto generation of message during
allows the controllable flow of flammable gases like LPG, the LPG leakage to a registered mobile number; 3) to
butane, propane, butane etc. LPG is categorized under analyse the saving of LPG by using the automatic gas
highly flammable products. The auto ignition temperature stove with advanced safety features over normal gas
of LPG is around 410-580º C and hence it will not ignite stove; and 4) to outline the possible challenges related
it’s on at normal room temperature without a spark. Dur- with the automatic gas stove.
ing leakage of LPG even a small spark can cause big ex-
plosions. So it is important to add more safety features to II. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
gas stoves to sense the leakage of fuel gas. Since the most The system is controlled by the microcontroller. The
common wide range fuel gas we using in gas stove is LPG MQ6 sensor is responsible for detecting the LPG leakage.
we will prioritize our view to LPG. The safety features When the MQ6 sensor detects the leakage it sends signal
that can be included are leakage detection sensor, alarm to the microcontroller. GSM module sends message to a
system for alarm during the leakage detection and most prestored number. When the leakage is detected a buzzer
advanced safety features like automatic message genera- system is activated during the period of leakage.

iJES ‒ Volume 3, Issue 2, 2015 35


SHORT PAPER
AUTOMATIC GAS STOVE WITH ADVANCED SAFETY FEATURES

ler. Each port have 8 input/output pins. Hence all the 4


ports integrally contains 8*4=32 pins. Each of this pins
are either input or output lines. Usually the input pins are
used to get external signals or read from the sensors and
those pins which are configured to the output state will
drive external devices such as motors or LEDs. In this
project input pins of the microcontroller are connected to
gas leakage detection sensor MQ6 and vessel detection
proximity sensor. The output pins of the microcontroller
are connected to the motor, the GSM module and the LCD
module. According to the pre-program in the microcon-
troller it sends activation signals to the GSM module,
LCD display and the motor unit.
Figure 2. Block diagram of system.
D. Buzzer Unit
The IR Proximity sensor detects the presence of vessel The function of the buzzer module in this project is to
on the burner and starts the motor ON which automatical- make the alarm sound during the detection of the leakage
ly ignites the flame ON and when the vessel is removed of the LPG. A relay is integrated in the buzzer module to
the motor is rotated in the reverse rotation to turn the
activate the alarm system. When the MQ6 sensor become
flame OFF.
activated it will send signal to the microcontroller and as a
A. MQ6 Sensor result according to the pre-program done in the microcon-
troller it will send the activation signal to the relay of the
The main function of MQ6 sensor is to detect the pres-
buzzer module, which will activates the buzzer.
ence of leakage LPG. Features of MQ6 sensor is high
sensitivity to LPG, iso-butane, propane, Small sensitivity E. GSM Module
to alcohol, smoke, Fast response, Stable and long life,
The main function of the GSM module is to send leak-
Simple drive circuit. The MQ6 sensor is composed by
age detection message to a pre-programmed mobile num-
micro AL2O3 ceramic tube, Tin Dioxide (SnO2) sensitive
ber. When the MQ6 sensor become activated it will send
layer, measuring electrode and heater are fixed into a crust
signal to the microcontroller and as a result according to
made by plastic and stainless steel net. The heater pro-
the pre-program done in the microcontroller it will send
vides necessary work conditions for work of sensitive the activation signal to the GSM module. When the GSM
components. The enveloped MQ-6 have 6 pin, 4 of them module become activated by the microcontroller it will
are used to fetch signals, and other 2 are used for provid- start sending gas leakage detection message to the user
ing heating current. Resistance value of MQ-6 is differ- mobile number. This message sending process will con-
ence to various kinds and various concentration gases. So,
tinue till the MQ6 sensor senses the LPG leakage.
when using this components, sensitivity adjustment is
very necessary. we recommend that you calibrate the F. Motor Unit
detector for 1000ppm of LPG concentration in air and use The gear motor we used in the work is directly coupled
value of Load resistance ( RL) about 20K!(10K! to with the cylinder valve with a rigid joint. Hence when the
47K!). When accurately measuring, the proper alarm motor is rotated it compels the valve to turn ON/OFF,
point for the gas detector should be determined after con- according to the direction of rotation of the motor. For
sidering the temperature and humidity influence. making the motor to rotate in both direction that is clock
B. Proximity Sensor vice and anti-clock vice direction two different relay cir-
cuits are used. Turning in clock vice direction will turn the
IR proximity sensor is used to detect the presence of
valve to ON position and simultaneously generates the
the vessel on the burner. It emits light from the source and
flame which results in the ignition and to anti-clock vice
when an opaque body is hindered the path, the light is direction will shut the flame OFF. The motor gets the
reflected back to the sensor and it will activate the circuit. input voltage only when the proximity sensor detects the
According to the pre-program in the microcontroller when presence of vessel and when the vessel is taken out the
the circuit of the proximity sensor become active the mi-
proximity sensor will lose its contact with the vessel and
crocontroller will send activation signal to the motor to
gives the input to the motor to rotate in opposite direction
turn the knob and flame ON. IR proximity sensor is cheap
to shut the flame OFF.
compared to other class of proximity sensor. Proximity
sensor is nothing but a sensor which will sense the pres- G. Power Supply Unit
ence of a body within its working range. The sensitivity of The power source of the project is a 12 volt rechargea-
the IR proximity sensor used in this project is adjusted by ble battery. Battery is directly connected to the rectifier
a small potentiometer provided on the IR proximity sensor unit. The electronic board used in the project is very sensi-
module. tive to overvoltage. The power required for the proper
C. Control Unit functioning of the electronic board is 5 volt. To convert
the 12 volt to 5 volt we use a rectifier and regulator unit.
The device that control the entire system is AT 89S52
which belongs to the 8051 microcontroller family. This The regulator we used to convert 12V to 5V is 7805.
microcontroller is produced by Atmel. Four different ports The capacitor is used to ground all the ac components.
are the main specification of the AT 89S52 microcontrol- The rectifier is used to convert the ac to dc.

36 http://www.i-jes.org
SHORT PAPER
AUTOMATIC GAS STOVE WITH ADVANCED SAFETY FEATURES

Figure 4. Complete Project Setup

V. CONCLUSION
Figure 3. Power supply circuit diagram In this paper design and working method of automatic
gas stove with advanced safety features is explained. The
III. WORKING METHODOLOGY whole system is works on microcontroller and actuates the
motor, GSM and buzzer unit. The input to the microcon-
The main components used in this work are MQ6 mod-
troller is from MQ6 sensor and IR Proximity sensor. This
ule, proximity sensor, power supply unit, control unit,
method of automation reduces the human interference and
buzzer unit and motor unit. The working depends on the
wastage of LPG. The advanced safety features provide
input signal from the MQ6 and IR Proximity sensor. The
more safety warnings during the leakage of LPG.
MQ6 sensor will active when the leakage of LPG is de-
tected and will send signals to the microcontroller. Now REFERENCES
when the leakage of LPG is detected the microcontroller
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will active the buzzer system for the alarm and GSM Analysis of Burners used in LPG Cooking Stove, IEEE.
Module. The GSM Module will continue sending messag- [2] D. Basu, R. Saha, R. Ganguly, A. Datta, (2014), Performance
es to the prestored number till the leakage is detected. The improvement of LPG cook stoves through burner and nozzle mod-
IR Proximity sensor is used to detect the presence of the ifications., IJIRSET.
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IR Proximity sensor it gets activated and send signals to GSM technology in library, International Journal of Academic Li-
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clockwise and anti-clockwise direction. When the vessel University Press.
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IV. RESULT AND ANALYSIS ELSEVIER.
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AUTHORS
removed from the burner the flame is turned OFF. This
will save wastage of LPG while changing the vessels. Manu Mathew is IVth Sem M.Tech, Mechatronics, at
When the MQ6 sensor detects the leakage of LPG the Dept. of Mechanical, MITE Moodbidri, Karnataka India
GSM Module starts sending message to a prestored num- (manumathew048@gmail.com).
ber and the alarm system will on the alarm. The user will Neelakantha V L is Professor at Department of Me-
get the leakage message till the MQ6 sensor detects the chanical, MITE Moodbidri, Karnataka, India
leakage of LPG. (neelakantha@mite.ac.in).
Submitted 25 April 2015. Published as resubmitted by the authors 12
May 2015.

iJES ‒ Volume 3, Issue 2, 2015 37

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