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DNA Protein Synthesis Practice Worksheet

This document provides a worksheet on DNA and protein synthesis with 22 multiple choice and fill-in-the-blank questions. It covers topics like the contributions of scientists like Watson, Crick, Franklin and Chargaff to discovering the structure of DNA, how DNA and RNA differ, the three types of RNA and their functions, transcription and translation, base pairing rules, and relating DNA to mRNA to tRNAs to amino acids.

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Ambrielle White
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394 views4 pages

DNA Protein Synthesis Practice Worksheet

This document provides a worksheet on DNA and protein synthesis with 22 multiple choice and fill-in-the-blank questions. It covers topics like the contributions of scientists like Watson, Crick, Franklin and Chargaff to discovering the structure of DNA, how DNA and RNA differ, the three types of RNA and their functions, transcription and translation, base pairing rules, and relating DNA to mRNA to tRNAs to amino acids.

Uploaded by

Ambrielle White
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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DNA & Protein Synthesis Practice Worksheet

1. Research and match each scientist listed below with their contribution to the study of DNA.

A. Frederick Griffith B. Hershey and Chase C. Rosalind Franklin


D. Watson and Crick E. Erwin Chargaff

_____ Discovered that there were equal amounts of the nitrogen bases A + T and C+ G in a human body cell;
concluded that A paired with T and C paired with G.

_____Did experiments with viruses to determine that DNA, not protein, is the genetic material of a cell.

_____Did experiments with S and R strain pneumonia bacteria to determine that DNA is the genetic material of a cell

_____Took x-ray crystallography images of a DNA molecule.

_____ Analyzed x-ray images to determine that DNA is a double helix shape; won the Nobel
Prize

2. What is this picture, and how did it help us to understand the shape of DNA?

3. Label the nucleotide and double helix pictured below with the three parts of a nucleotide:
deoxyribose sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base.

4. If we think of a DNA molecule as a ladder….

Alternating _______________ and ______________ make up the sides of the ladder. ______________________
make up the “rungs” (middle bars) of the ladder. The “rungs” are held together by ________________ bonds.

5. Purines and pyrimidines are two types of nitrogen bases. Explain the difference between purines and pyrimidines,
and list the nitrogen bases that fall under each category.

Difference?

Purines Pyrimidines

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6. In a DNA Double Helix…

Adenine pairs with _____________________. Guanine pairs with _____________________.

7. Write out the base sequence for a DNA strand complementary to the following strand.

A T C G G C A A T G C C A G A

8. Use the table below to compare DNA and RNA, two types of nucleic acids.

DNA RNA
A. Number of Strands

B. Nitrogen Bases

C. Sugars

9. Where is DNA found in the cell?

10. Where is RNA found in the cell (2 places)?


11. What are the 3 types of RNA?

12. Fill in the below table:

Type of RNA Function

mRNA

tRNA

rRNA ribosome

13. DNA  mRNA  protein

Transcription of DNA to mRNA happens in the _________________.

Translation of mRNA to protein happens in the _________________.

14. Which type of RNA is responsible for carrying information from the DNA in the nucleus out to the ribosome to
make a protein?

2
15. Which type of RNA brings amino acids to the ribosome and “reads” the information in mRNA?

16. The parts of DNA that provide the code for proteins are the__________________.

A. Deoxyribose sugars
B. Nitrogen bases
C. Phosphate groups
D. Hydrogen bonds

17. Three nitrogen bases found on an mRNA strand are called a codon. Each codon matches with ONE amino acid.

How many codons are needed to make 4 amino acids? _________________

How many bases are needed to make 4 amino acids? __________________

18. Each codon matches with an __________________ found on a tRNA molecule.

19. Using the base-paring rules, fill in the bases to be found on the complementary mRNA strands:

DNA A G G C C T G C T T A A
mRNA

DNA T G G C A G C T A C C G
mRNA

DNA T T T A C G C A C C T G
mRNA

20. Write out the amino acid sequence from the following mRNA strands:

mRNA AUG CAU AGA AGG CCU AUU GUA


Amino
Acids

mRNA CAU GUU UCU UAC AGG UGC GGG


Amino
Acids

21. Using the following DNA strand, write out the mRNA, and then the amino acids.

DNA TAC AAG TAC TTG TTT CTT AAA


mRNA
Amino
Acids

22. What would be the tRNAs that would be complimentary to this mRNA strand?
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mRNA CGA UGC GUU AUC UGU CCC ACA
tRNA

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