Trigonometric Identities Sept 2017

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Trigonometric Identities

Six Trigonometric Functions


Right triangle definitions, where 0 < 𝜃𝜃 < 𝜋/2
sin 𝜃𝜃 = opp csc 𝜃𝜃 = hyp
hyp opp

cos 𝜃𝜃 = adj sec 𝜃𝜃 = hyp


hyp adj

tan 𝜃𝜃 = opp adj


adj cot 𝜃𝜃 =
opp
Circular function definitions, where 𝜃𝜃 is any angle.

𝑟 = � 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2

sin 𝜃𝜃 = 𝑦 csc 𝜃𝜃 =
𝑟
𝑟
𝑦
𝑥 𝑟
cos 𝜃𝜃 = sec 𝜃𝜃 =
𝑟 𝑥
𝑦 𝑥
tan 𝜃𝜃 = cot 𝜃𝜃 =
𝑥 𝑦
Negative Angle Identities
Reciprocal Identities
sin(−𝜃𝜃) = − sin 𝜃𝜃 cos(−𝜃𝜃) = cos 𝜃𝜃 tan(−𝜃𝜃) = − tan 𝜃𝜃 1 1 1
sin 𝜃𝜃 = cos 𝜃𝜃 = tan 𝜃𝜃 =
csc 𝜃𝜃 sec 𝜃𝜃 cot 𝜃𝜃
csc(−𝜃𝜃) = − csc 𝜃𝜃 sec(−𝜃𝜃) = sec 𝜃𝜃 cot(−𝜃𝜃) = − cot 𝜃𝜃 1 1 1
csc 𝜃𝜃 = sec 𝜃𝜃 = cot 𝜃𝜃 =
sin 𝜃𝜃 cos 𝜃𝜃 tan 𝜃𝜃
Tangent and Cotangent Identities
Double Angle Identities
sin 𝜃𝜃 cos 𝜃𝜃
sin 2𝜃𝜃 = 2 sin 𝜃𝜃 cos 𝜃𝜃
tan 𝜃𝜃 = cot 𝜃𝜃 =
cos 𝜃𝜃 sin 𝜃𝜃
Pythagorean Identities cos 2𝜃𝜃 = cos2 𝜃𝜃 − sin2 𝜃𝜃 = 2 cos2 𝜃𝜃 − 1 = 1 − 2 sin2 𝜃𝜃

sin2 𝜃𝜃 + cos2 𝜃𝜃 = 1 tan2 𝜃𝜃 + 1 = sec2 2 tan 𝜃𝜃


tan 2𝜃𝜃 =
𝜃𝜃 cot 𝜃𝜃 + 1 = csc 𝜃𝜃
2 2
1 − tan2 𝜃𝜃
Cofunction Identities Half Angle Identities
𝜋 𝜋
sin � − 𝜃𝜃� = cos 𝜃𝜃 cos � − 𝜃𝜃� = sin 𝜃𝜃 𝜃𝜃 1 − cos 𝜃𝜃 𝜃𝜃
sin = ±� cos 1 + cos 𝜃𝜃
2 2
𝜋 𝜋 2 2 2 = ±� 2
csc � − 𝜃𝜃� = sec 𝜃𝜃 tan � − 𝜃𝜃� = cot 𝜃𝜃
2 2
𝜋 𝜋 𝜃𝜃 1 − cos 𝜃𝜃
sec � − 𝜃𝜃� = csc 𝜃𝜃 cot � − 𝜃𝜃� = tan 𝜃𝜃 tan 2 = ±�1 + cos 𝜃𝜃
2 2
Sum and Difference Formulas Addition and Subtraction Formulas
𝐴+𝐵
𝐴−𝐵 sin(𝐴 ± 𝐵) = sin 𝐴 cos 𝐵 ± cos 𝐴 sin 𝐵
sin 𝐴 + sin 𝐵 = 2 sin � cos � �
� 2 2
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵 cos(𝐴 ± 𝐵) = cos 𝐴 cos 𝐵 ∓ sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵
sin 𝐴 − sin 𝐵 = 2 cos � sin �
2 � tan 𝐴 ± tan 𝐵
� 2
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴 − 𝐵 tan(𝐴 ± 𝐵) = 1 ∓ tan 𝐴 tan 𝐵
cos � cos �
� 𝐴 + cos 𝐵 = 2 cos 2 �
2
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵 Product Formulas
cos 𝐴 − cos 𝐵 = −2 sin � sin �
� �2 2 1
sin 𝐴 sin 𝐵 [cos(𝐴 − 𝐵) − cos(𝐴 + 𝐵)]
= 2
1
cos 𝐴 cos 𝐵 = [cos(𝐴 + 𝐵) + cos(𝐴 − 𝐵)]
2
1
sin 𝐴 cos 𝐵 = [sin(𝐴 + 𝐵) + sin(𝐴 − 𝐵)]
2
1
cos 𝐴 sin 𝐵 [sin(𝐴 + 𝐵) − sin(𝐴 − 𝐵)]
2

=
MVCC Learning Commons IT129

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