Sample

Printed Circuit Board

A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects the electronic
components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from copper sheets laminated
onto a non- conductive substrate.

PCBs can be single sided (one copper layer), double sided (two copper layers) or multi-layer.

Conductors on different layers are connected with plated-through holes called Vias.

Advanced PCBs may contain components - capacitors, resistors or active devices - embedded in the
substrate.

Multi-layer PCB design

2 Layer PCB design: Top layer and bottom layer

4 Layer PCB design: Top, Bottom, and two middle layers.

FR4 (glass-reinforced epoxy laminate sheets)

pre impregnated, is a fiber weave impregnated with a resin bonding agent.

Solder mask (green/red)

Copper trace

Silkscreen

Three Elements to be considered

Components :

- How to select components?

- What values are needed?

- What kind of package will be available/are needed?

Printed Circuit Board :

- Schematic Design

- PCB Layout Design

- Prototype board

Case or Box for the prototype board :

Printed Circuit Board Design

Schematic Design

PCB Layout

Printed Circuit Board Design

A PCB as a design on a computer (left) and realized as a board assembly populated with
components (right). The board is double sided, with through-hole plating, green solder resist and a
white legend. Both surface mount and through-hole components have been used.

Key Elements of a PCB

Pads are where the components are soldered to the PCB.

Traces are the copper tracks that connect pads together.

Via are small holes through the board that link a bottom and top trace together electrically. Traces on
the same layer cannot cross, so often, when you are laying out a PCB, you need to jump from one
layer to another.

Key Elements of a PCB

Silk-screen refers to any lettering that will appear on the final board.

Solder-mask is a layer of insulating lacquer that covers both sides of the board except where there
are pads.

PCB design procedure

{Specific/Measurable} goals Design specification

Circuit diagram

Schematic design Select components

Check the dimension Build a footprint

Export schematic design to layout design

Route all connection

Design rule check

Generate Gerber files and drill file and zip them

Upload zip file to PCB order website

- Visualize; This is a good time to be thinking about your design from a system level

- finishing your project and giving up in frustration

- Gerber: open ASCII vector format for 2D binary Images

Dimension: mil (imperial unit) vs mm (metric)

PCB Library design

Component datasheet

Dimension: mil (imperial unit) vs mm (metric)

1 inch =1000 mil, 1 mil = mm

1 mm = mil

DIP component and connector: 100 mil or 2.54 mm

Symbol in schematic vs Exact dimension in Layout

Pad number should be matched in schematic symbol and layout footprint

DIP = Dual in-line Package.

Tips for PCB design Keep traces straight,

Try to avoid 90o turns use two 45o’s.

Double, even triple check layout,

Having a fresh pair of eyes look it over,

“measure twice, cut once” idea.

Spacing of at least .010”,

0.030” for In-house

~0.025” per 1 Amp carrying lines,

Don’t use anything smaller than 0.010” for traces,

0.030” for In-house milling.

Try to keep all connections on one side of PCB

Take into account component package

Tips for PCB design Keep traces straight

Try to avoid 90˚ turns, use two 45˚ turns instead

Double (even triple) check the layout

Have a fresh pair of eyes look over it

“measure twice, cut once” idea

Trace thickness & spacing

Spacing of atleast 0.01 inches; 0.03 inches for In-house

~0.025 inches per 1 Amp carrying lines

Don’t use anything smaller than 0.01 inches for traces; 0.03 inches for In-house

Try to keep all connections on one side of the PCB

Take into account the component packages

90 deg – longer traces, more impedance, RF reflection, less compact packing, harder to etch.

avoid 4-way connection points

make a very clear dot where two wires form an intersection

Note: As a language model AI, I don't have access to audio and video capabilities, so this script
is only suitable for a written or typed seminar.
Introduction:
● Welcome and introduce yourself as the presenter of the PCB Development Seminar.
● Give an overview of what participants can expect from the seminar.
● Briefly discuss the importance of PCBs in electronic design and manufacturing.
Section 1: PCB Design
 ● Discuss the basics of PCB design, including schematic capture and board layout.
● Highlight some of the most important design considerations, such as component
placement, trace routing, and layer stackup.
● Introduce some of the tools used for PCB design, such as schematic capture software,
PCB layout software, and design rule check (DRC) software.
Section 2: PCB Fabrication
● Discuss the steps involved in PCB fabrication, including board material selection, copper
layer deposition, etching, drilling, and plating.
● Highlight some of the common PCB fabrication methods, such as subtractive (etching)
and additive (plating) methods.
● Discuss the importance of quality control in the PCB fabrication process.
Section 3: PCB Assembly
● Discuss the steps involved in PCB assembly, including soldering and component
placement.
● Highlight some of the common PCB assembly methods, such as through-hole and
surface mount technology (SMT).
● Discuss some of the considerations involved in selecting components for PCB assembly.
Section 4: PCB Testing
● Discuss the importance of testing PCBs before they are put into service.
● Highlight some of the most common PCB testing methods, such as continuity testing,
voltage testing, and functional testing.
● Discuss some of the tools used for PCB testing, such as multimeters, oscilloscopes, and
logic analyzers.
Conclusion:
● Summarize the key points covered in the seminar.
● Provide resources for participants who want to learn more about PCB development.
● Encourage participants to ask questions and offer feedback on the seminar.