International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 4 Issue 10, Oct 2019

www.ijasrm.com
ISSN 2455-6378

Web-connected weather station based on

Arduino
Dipankar Haloi¹ and Papumoni Saikia²
¹
ME Student, Jorhat engineering college,
Jorhat, Assam, India,
²
Assistant Professor, Jorhat engineering college,
Jorhat, Assam, India,

Abstract 2. Working Principle

This project presents the development of real time In this weather station, the various sensor like as
weather monitoring system based on arduino low dht11, LDR, rain drop, barometric pressure sensor,
cost web connected weather station. The system wind speed and direction sensor are connected to
able to display the information of the weather different pins in the arduino board. All sensors are
parameter via a website using to a Wi-Fi module. connected to the microcontroller each of them
The measurement parameter includes temperature, taking 5V input from arduino except pressure
light intensity, humidity, rain drop, wind speed, sensor requiring 3.3V. We’ve used dht11 sensor to
wind direction and barometric pressure. The user get the value of temperature and humidity of the
can monitor the weather continuously though the campus. It is connected to analog pin A0 on the
JEC weather station website and can leverage the arduino board for input signal. A rain drop sensor
information to their needs. Through the is also connected analog pin A2 on arduino board
development of this weather monitoring system the to take input signals from the sensor. It is a device
cost of the service can be reduced. for rain detection. This tool contains a rain board
which detects the rain and gives status whether
Keywords: Arduino, weather station, portable, weather there is any rain or presence of the rain in the
monitoring, website. campus. One more sensor attached which is LDR
sensor from analog pin A0 on the arduino to take
input signals from the sensor. It is used to measure
1.Introduction the value of fluctuating resistance when it engages
with light. If the light is deceases then it gives
A group of persons in the Jorhat Engineering lesser value of lower light intensity. BMP180
College build a web-connected weather station. pressure sensor is also attached to arduino analog
This can be done with a small investment in time pin A4 from SDA pin of the sensor and analog pin
and money. The weather station is build and A5 from SCL pin of the sensor. It is used to
installs it in some suitable location in the JEC measure the absolute pressure of the air around
campus to get accurate measurements; installation them. Pressure is inversely proportional to altitude
has to obey many guidelines such as so many ft. so could be used to measure the altitude too. Two
above the ground etc. The design and construction more sensors attached which are wind speed sensor
of enclosures for the electronics will require some and wind direction sensor from analog pin A2 and
trial and error, since it has to protect them from the digital pin 2, 3 on arduino to take input signals
environment without hampering accurate from the sensor. In this project, The data are
measurement of the environment. Not a trivial collected from sensors using by arduino. The
design problem. A suite of web applications should sensors data send from arduino to mysql database
be written to continuously pull the data and store in by using python. when data store in the data base, it
a relational database as well as display it on some goes >= 1000 and then the data are delete using
website, preferably on the JEC website. The wind FIFO system. By using php the resultant value
speed and direction meter can be constructed insert to the website and LCD from mysql database
locally in the JEC campus. every 9 or 12 sec. After completed the connection

15
 International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 4 Issue 10, Oct 2019

www.ijasrm.com
ISSN 2455-6378

of arduino and various sensors which are placed in Figure 2: Circuit diagram of the system
the JEC campus and code uploading procedure, the
sensors data will be display in the LCD and the 4. Circuit Explanation
serial monitored of the PC. We have used a Wi-Fi
module to connect it to the internet connection A. Arduino
provider. Its job is to transmit the data to a website
linked to it and visualize the data over there for In this project, arduino UNO board is used
every 9 or 12 seconds. consisting of ATMEGA328P microcontroller
which provides a 5V and 3.3V output voltage. It is
3. Hardware Structure cheap and feasible. the board can be powered by
using USB connection or using a external power
A. BLOCK DIAGRAM supply.in this arduino board, the codes are
uploaded using arduino IDE software. It consists of
The block diagram of the system is shown in 14 digital pins and 6 analog pins. It takes input
figure1. The 5V power source supplies to the voltage in between 7-12V.
microcontroller, all the six sensors, the LCD and
the serial port. The six sensors are connected to six
different ADCs on arduino board. The sensor
output of the system are displaced on the LCD and
sent to the serial port that can be read by a personal
computer.

Figure 3: Arduino board

B. DHT11

This sensor is used for measuring humidity and

temperature of the surrounding. The operating
voltage of this sensor is 3.5v to5.5v. The
Figure 1: Block diagram of the system temperature range of the sensor is 0 and
the humidity range is 20% to 90%.
B. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

Fig 2 shows the circuit diagram of the system and a

details description of the circuit diagram to
implement the system is given below.

Figure 4: dht11 sensor

C. Raindrop sensor module

It is a tool for rain detection. The module contains a

rain board which detect rain drop whether there is
any rain or presence of the rain in the campus. It
gives only analog output.

16
 International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 4 Issue 10, Oct 2019

www.ijasrm.com
ISSN 2455-6378

Figure 7: LDR sensor

F. Wind Speed meter

The wind speed meter can be constructed locally in

the JEC campus. The wind speed meter consists of
five parts:
a) Hall effect sensor: A Hall effect sensor is a
device that is used to measure the magnitude of a
magnetic field. Its output voltage is directly
Figure 5: Rain drop sensor proportional to the magnetic field strength through
it.
D. BMP180 sensor
b) Encoder.
It is used to measure the absolute pressure of the air c) Rotor: This rotor can be easily spined which
around them. This pressure varies with both the makes the wind speed sensor able to work at a low
weather or altitude. It contains 4 pins like as sda, wind speed.
scl, gnd and vin. d) Plastic sticks and bowls: We are used for the
frame of the fan blades.
e) Base: It is a base to hold the rotor and keeps the
whole wind speed sensor's center of gravity low.

Figure 6: Barometric pressure sensor

E. LDR Sensor module Figure 8: Wind speed meter

In the LDR sensor module is used to detect the G. Wind Direction Sensor
ambient brightness and light intensity. If the light is
decreases then decreases the value of the lower
light intensity.

Figure 9: Wind direction meter.

17
 International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 4 Issue 10, Oct 2019

www.ijasrm.com
ISSN 2455-6378

2. PROTEUS ISIS
The wind direction sensor is a I-turn continuous 3. Python
potentiometer. A I-turn continuous potentiometer 4. Html
means the resistance of the potentiometer does not 5. Php
accumulate when the axis turns cycle by cycle. So 6. MySQL
every position of the axis has a fixed value of 7. Ngrok
resistance. Supplied with 5V power resource, the
microcontroller can read the voltage of each B. Flowchart
direction through analog-to-digital converter
(ADC). The microcontroller reads the analog to digital
converter data from the various sensors. The
weather station will capture the wind speed signal,
wind direction signal, LDR signal, Rain drop
signal, barometric pressure signal and temperature
signal through the A/D converter. The
microcontroller is processing data that it receives
from the analog to digital. The weather station will
display this data on the LCD and sent data to a
computer through serial port.

Figure 10: Wind direction sensor

H. Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

The microcontroller output is directly send to the

input of the LCD so that the status of slot and count
calculated by the microcontroller can be monitored
or display on the LCD. Basically LCD is a seven
segment display and we used 16×2 alphanumeric ie
capable of displaying character or rather character
string.

Figure 12: Flowchart of the system

6.Results And Discussion

A. LCD display
In LCD, display the value of various sensors
Figure 11: LCD connected to arduino and the screen shoot of LCD
is given bellow:

5.Software System Structure

The software system design includes two parts, the
data input from hardware sensors and the data
output to the website connected to a computer and
LCD.

A. Software used

1. Arduino Software IDE

18
 International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 4 Issue 10, Oct 2019

www.ijasrm.com
ISSN 2455-6378

Figure14: Screenshot of the website

C. Database of the system

In this project, the various sensors value are stored
in the data base of JEC weather station.

Figure15: Screenshot of the database

Experimental Setup
The experimental setup of the project “Design a
Figure13: LCD display
low cost web connected weather station in JEC
campus" is shown below:
B. website of the system

In our JEC weather station website display the

value of various sensors connected to arduino and
the screen shoot of JEC weather station website is
given bellow:

19
 International Journal of Advanced Scientific Research and Management, Volume 4 Issue 10, Oct 2019

www.ijasrm.com
ISSN 2455-6378

Science, Optics, Micro Electro-Mechanical System, and

Information Technology (ICACOMIT), october23,2017.
[3] J. Christopher, B. Lopez and H. M. Villaruz, “Low-Cost
Weather Monitoring System with Online Logging and
Data Visualization” 8th IEEE International Conference
Humanoid, Nanotechnology, Information Technology, 9-
12 December 2015.
[4] A. Shaout. Y. Li, M. Zhou and S. Awad, “Low Cost
Embedded Weather Station with Intelligent System” 2014
IEEE.
[5] S. Trifun, R. Milutin, “One Approach to Weather Station
Design Based on Raspberry Pi Platform”, 23rd
Telecommunications forum TELFOR 2015 IEEE.
[6] A. Katyal, R. Yadav and M. Pandey, “Wireless Arduino
Based Weather Station” International Journal of Advanced
Research in Computer and Communication Engineering.
Figure15: Experimental Setup of the system Vol. 5, Issue 4, April 2016.
[7] M. S. Ali, A. O. Akode, S. D. Awadalkareem and F. M.
Ahmed, "A Design of a Remote Weather Factors
7. Future Scope Monitoring System”, 2017 International Conference on
Communication, Control, Computing and Electronics
Our further work on this station will be oriented to Engineering (ICCCCEE), Khartoum, Sudan.
add more sensors and devices in order to improve [8] B.S. Rao, K. S. Rao and N. Ome, “Internet of Things
(IOT) Based Weather Monitoring system”, International
whole weather station and expand the range of its Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and
use. For future work, the author will focus on the Communication Engineering, Vol. 5, Issue 9, September
data storing and analysis. The data obtained from 2016.
the web connected weather station will be stored on [9] M. Yamanouchi, H. Ochiai, Y. K. Reddy, H. Esaki and H.
Sunahara,” Case study of constructing weather monitoring
a personal computer and according to the history system in difficult environment”, 2014 IEEE.
more useful information can be predicted. [10] M. Masinde, A. Bagula and M. Nzioka “SenseWeather:
Sensor-Based Weather Monitoring System for Kenya”,
IIMC International Information Management Corporation,
8. Conclusion 2013.

The main objective are to find an affordable and

functional solution for real time monitoring climate
and weather data in micro locations(JEC campus)
using the sensors for temperature, light intensity,
humidity, rain drop, barometric pressure, wind
speed and wind direction in combination with
arduino. We developed a prototype of the weather
station which data are transferred via Wi-Fi to a
website and presented with the application
designed for this project.
Acknowledgment
I take this opportunity of thanking my dissertation
guide Mr. Papumoni Saikia, Assistant Professor,
Department of Electrical Engineering, Jorhat
Engineering College, Assam for his indispensable
guidance, generous help, perpetual encouragement,
constant attention offered throughout in preparation
of this dissertation. I am grateful for the support
and guidance provided by him.

References
[1] R. K. Kodali, and S. Mandal, “IoT Based Weather
Station”, 2016 International Conference on Control,
Instrumentation, Communication and Computational
Technologies (ICCICCT), 2016 IEEE.
[2] A. Munandar, H. Fakhrurroja, M. I. Rizqyawan, R. P.
Pratama, J. W. Wibowo and A. I. A.Fakhry, “Design of
Real-time Weather Monitoring System Based on Mobile
Application using Automatic Weather Station”, 2nd
International Conference on Automation, Cognitive

20