MCQ’s for QUIZ#3 ---BY ABU SULTAN---STA630---Lecture # 27 to 37

S# Statement Answer
If groups of participants are selected to represent sub-groups in the population
1. (e.g. such as selecting an entire class of management students to be compared to Cluster sampling
a group of economics students), this is knows as…
Which of the following term refers to a statistical method that can be used to
2. Analysis of covariance
statistically equate groups on a pretest or some other variable?
3. Which of the following is NOT a major method of data collection? Correlation method
Which type of observer is likely to get a reasonable insight into the participant’s
4. Participant
views and develop a good rapport with him?
5. The group that receives the experimental treatment condition is called as ___ Experimental group
6. The final stage in the coding process is Data clearing
7. An expectant pause is a part of: Probing tactics
Which of the following is an example of an issue that would be checked in a pilot Logical answers
8.
testing? between questions
9. Asking neutral questions is a part of Probing tactics
The total collection of
10. Which of the following best defines the population of study? elements about
which….
A researcher wants to study the impact of average hour of study in a week on
CGPA of MBA students in virtual university of Pakistan. He focused on
11. Target population
specifically the students specialized in finance. The total of number of MBA
students in VU is an example of which of the following?
Assigning numbers or other symbols to the responses, to group them into
12. Coding
limited number of categories is called ______
13. Which is most likely to yield qualitative data? Focus group
Which of the following is an example of a dilemma that might face feminist
14. How to overcome…
business researchers conducting qualitative interviews with woman?
Proportions of groups
15. Which of the following is not true about stratified random sampling?
in the sample…..
All of the given
16. Which one of the following aspect needs to be evaluated during “Pilot Testing”?
options
17. A census taker often collects data through which of the following? Secondary data
Mr. Raheel is concerned about potential problems with the reliability of his Specification, training
18.
observers, which strategy would you suggests he should follow? and monitoring
19. In frequency tables total of columns and rows are called Marginal
Which of the following elements are not required for structuring Observation in
20. Accretion
Non reactive research
Which of the following experimental designs has only one group, a pretest, a One Group pretest-
21.
treatment and a posttest. posttest Design
22. A form of the nonequivalent comparison-group design is recommend when: All of the above

COLLECTION BY ABU SULTAN =*=*=*=*= STA630 =*=*=*=*= DATA FOR QUIZ#03 =*=*=*=*= Page 1 of 6
 All of the given
23. Frequency distribution technique can be used for which of the following scales?
options
Which of the following issues should NOT be mentioned in an introductory What the findings of
24.
statement of questionnaire? the research are?
Only when the
participants have
25. In qusai-experimental research design, causal interpretations can be made __
been randomly
selected
All of the following are the instruction to record answers to open ended Use the interviewer’s
26.
questions EXCEPT: own words
27. A numerical value calculated from population is called Parameter
Mutually exclusive
28. Coding categories should be:
and independent
A large sample based
Which of the following give a more “accurate” representation of the population
29. on simple random
from which a sample has been taken?
sampling
The process of changing data from their original form to a format that is more
30. Data transformation
suitable to perform data analysis is called as _____
31. Pilot testing can be beneficial in: Analysis of data
32. Bar charts or graphs are used for: Discrete variables
33. Which of the following is not example of historical comparative research? Turnover
Which of the following is a measure in which a researcher adds or combines
34. Index
several distinct indicators of a construct into a single score?
Which of the following is not something a researcher will have to consider when Length of
35.
thinking about their sample size? questionnaire
36. In random sampling, the probability of selecting an item from the population is: Known
37. Historians organize evidence usually in which of the following form? Narrative form
All of the given options are factors affecting internal validity of an experiment
38. Recency effect
EXCEPT;
39. A collection of related records is called ______ File
40. Which is most likely to yield qualitative data? Focus group
When constructing a questionnaire, it is imperative to do each of the following Use “leading” or
41.
EXCEPT _____ “loaded” question
Researcher’s is least
42. Non probability sampling is used when which of the following condition fulfills
concerned about …
In experimental research, a specific event in the external environment occurring
43. between the first and second measurement that is beyond the control of the History Effect
experimenter and that affects the validity of an experiment, is termed as;
44. Which of the following can be referred as a Reputational sampling? Snowball sampling
The posttest-only design with nonequivalent groups is likely to control for Differential
45.
which of the following threats to internal validity attribution

COLLECTION BY ABU SULTAN =*=*=*=*= STA630 =*=*=*=*= DATA FOR QUIZ#03 =*=*=*=*= Page 2 of 6
46. Which of the following is a measure of inflation? Consumer price index
Ways to manipulate and summarize numbers that represent data from research
47. Statistics
projects is termed as:
Which of the following experimental designs has two groups, both the groups Protest and posttest
48. are exposed to pretest and posttests, the experimental group is exposed to experimental and
treatment while the control group is not? control group design
Which of the following describes the situation in which the control variable
49. intervenes between the original independent variable and the dependent Interpretation Pattern
variables?
All of the given
50. Secondary/existing data may include which of the following?
options
In an experimental research study, the primary goal is to isolate and identify the
51. Independent variable
effect produced by which of the following?
Which of the following would allow me to have the MOST control over True experimental
52.
environmental variables when conducting a research study? design
They allow
53. Which of the following is an advantage of open question? respondents to
answer in their own..
“What is the level of satisfaction in your organization?” which of the following It is an open ended
54.
represents the problem associated with this question? question
Which of the following occurs when one partial replicate the initial bivariate
55. Specification pattern
relationship but other partials do not?
56. The summary description of a given variable in a population is called as: Parameter
In data collection process, when a researcher has to conduct an in depth
57. Observation
interview, which of the following tool is necessary?
The faculty members of a university consists of 85% staff with masters as
highest qualification. Rest of 15% can be divided as 10% M.Phil, 4% Phd. And
58. 1% post doctorate as highest qualification. A researcher want the sample of Quota sampling
each category in proportion as given above. Which of the following is the best
choice for him to take sample?
Which of the following number of variables involved in Descriptive Statistics?
 Bivariate
All of the given
59.  Univariate
options
 Multivariate
 All of the given options
Why does qualitative interviewing have an advantage over participant Repeat interviews are
60.
observation when it comes to longitudinal research? easier to organize
61. Asking neutral questions is a part of: Probing tactics
62. Pilot study is ___________- A small scale study
Read each question
63. All of the following are the principles of asking interview questions, EXCEPT;
rapidly

COLLECTION BY ABU SULTAN =*=*=*=*= STA630 =*=*=*=*= DATA FOR QUIZ#03 =*=*=*=*= Page 3 of 6
64. Sample is subset of Population
65. An expectant pause is a part of: Probing tactics
How do you find comfort at your work place? Very good, good, fair, poor
Ambiguity and
66. This question is poorly structured. In your opinion what is the problem in its
vagueness
design?
The subject on which
67. Which of the following best defines the population element/unit of study? measurement is being
taken
To identify potential
68. What is the main purpose of pilot testing?
problems
69. ____ is not an example of non-probability sampling technique cluster
Have you ever had or been treated for skin allergy? Yes, No. Which type of
70. Loaded question
question is it?
71. The difference between parameter and statistics is called Sampling error
72. The list of all units in a population is called Sampling frame
73. ____ is the list of elements from which the sample is drawn Sampling frame
____ is that unit about which information is collected and which provides the
74. Element
basis of analysis
75. Which of the following can be referred as a Reputational sampling? Snowball Sampling
76. Which of the following is a measure of inflation? Consumer Price Index
77. An important issue in index construction is to ___ items Weight
Which of the following elements of observation is/are included in Non-reactive All of the given
78.
research? options
79. All of the following are stages in the selection of a sample EXCEPT; Analyze data
A stratified sample in which the number of sampling units drawn from each Proportional
80.
stratum is in proportion to the population size of the stratum is called a: stratified sample
Assigning males the value of zero and female the value of one in a database to
81. Coding
record the gender of the respondent is an example of:
82. Arranging data in a table is called: Tabulation
When initial subjects are selected randomly and additional subjects are
83. obtained from recommendations of names from the initial subjects, this Snowball
sampling technique is called:
When different interviewers are used in a pretest from those use in the posttest Instrumentation
84.
and this produces different results in the study, this is an example of: effect
Which of the following is a threat to the internal validity of experiment using a Instrumentation
85.
repeated measure design? effect
Many researcher beginner researchers believe that research involves testing, Pre-experimental
86.
treating and testing again. This is an example of: research
Which of the following sampling is least reliable but normally the cheapest and
87. Convenience sampling
easiest to conduct:
88. Which of the following is a form of non-random sampling? All of the given

COLLECTION BY ABU SULTAN =*=*=*=*= STA630 =*=*=*=*= DATA FOR QUIZ#03 =*=*=*=*= Page 4 of 6
 options
Which of the following has greatly facilitated the researcher to conduct All of the given
89.
tabulation and statistical analysis? options
Sampling in qualitative research is similar to which type of sampling in
90. Purposive sampling
quantitative research?
People are not likely
Which of the following is least likely to occur as an ethical problem with
91. to be able to stop
electronic research?
once…
Seeking permission
92. All of the following are unethical issues, EXCEPT;
for entry
The extent to which a test provides scores that are meaningful, appropriate, or
93. Accuracy
useful is referred to as;
94. Which of the following functions is performed by the Ordinal scale? Order
Ordinal variables
95. What is the difference between interval/ratio and ordinal variables? have a fixed zero
point…
Which type of sampling strategy is exemplified by selecting two types of
96. Intensity
individuals: those who are extremely happy and those who are extremely sad?
Describing the
97. Which of the following steps begins the analysis of qualitative data? content and
participants
Which of the following represents the most general conceptualization in
98. Topic
qualitative data analysis?
Numerically
99. Which of the following best describes qualitative data coding? representing the
concepts identified…
100. The bivariate tables derived from trivariate table are called; Correlational tables
Random assignment
101. Quasi-experimental research is used because:
is…
Convenience
102. Which of the following can be referred as Haphazard Sampling?
Sampling
Most threats to ________ are taken care of by the experiment’s design, while
External validity,
103. most threats to ________ need to be taken care of by the designer of the
internal validity
experiment.
Requires objective,
104. Which of the following is a disadvantage of focus groups?
sensitive and ….
Mr. Ali is concerned about potential problems with the reliability of his
observers. Which strategy would you suggest, he should follow?
All of the given
105.  Train his observers carefully
options
 Monitor his observers in the field
 Specify the observational variables

COLLECTION BY ABU SULTAN =*=*=*=*= STA630 =*=*=*=*= DATA FOR QUIZ#03 =*=*=*=*= Page 5 of 6
  All of the given options
Limits threat to
106. Control in experimental research is best described as an attempt to:
internal validity
Which of the following groups does not receive the experimental treatment
107. Control group
condition:
Experimental research builds on the principles of _____ approach more directly
108. Positivist
than do the other research techniques;
Which of the following terms best describes data that were originally collected
109. Secondary data
at an earlier time by a different person for a different purpose?
Frequency
110. Easiest way to describe the numerical data of one variable is with a:
distribution
111. We compare across rows if percentage down by____ Column
112. We compare up and down in columns if percentage across ____ Rows
113. Moderate size of table is ____ 9 to 16
114. The largest percentage forms a pattern across cells is called ____ relationship Curvilinear
If there is no relationship in table the cells percentage look approximately ___
115. Equal
across rows and columns.
116. A ____ relationship looks like larger percentage in the diagonal cells. Linear
117. Researchers read percentage table to make ____ Comparisons
In non-experimental research, a researcher controls for alternative explanations
118. Statistics
with _____
119. Alternative explanations are operationalized as a third variable called ____ Control variable
120. Random assignment or randomization is ____ Unbiased

COLLECTION BY ABU SULTAN =*=*=*=*= STA630 =*=*=*=*= DATA FOR QUIZ#03 =*=*=*=*= Page 6 of 6