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Assigment Signal and System

The document describes using Matlab to perform convolution operations on discrete-time signals. It provides an example of convolving two signals, x[n] and h[n], to produce outputs y1[n] and y2[n]. It also gives Matlab code to compute the convolutions, store the results in arrays, and plot the outputs on the same graph using subplot. Finally, it presents additional convolution problems and code for plotting the outputs of systems composed of cascaded and reversed convolution operations.

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Syafnie Ninie
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50 views6 pages

Assigment Signal and System

The document describes using Matlab to perform convolution operations on discrete-time signals. It provides an example of convolving two signals, x[n] and h[n], to produce outputs y1[n] and y2[n]. It also gives Matlab code to compute the convolutions, store the results in arrays, and plot the outputs on the same graph using subplot. Finally, it presents additional convolution problems and code for plotting the outputs of systems composed of cascaded and reversed convolution operations.

Uploaded by

Syafnie Ninie
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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ASSIGMENT SIGNAL AND SYSTEM

3. For two discrete-time signals x[n] and h[n] that are both of finite length, you
can implement the convolution operation y[n] = x[n] * h[n] in Matlab using the
command conv.The resulting Matlab array that holds the values of y[n] will
have a length equal to the length of x[n] plus the length of h[n] minus one.

Here is an example problem: suppose that

x[n] = [n] – 2[n − 1] + 3[n − 2] – 4[n − 3] + 2[n − 5] + [n − 6]

and

h[n] = 3[n] + 2[n − 1] + [n − 2] − 2[n − 3] + [n − 4] − 4[n − 6] +


3[n − 8].

The problem is to use Matlab to compute the convolutions


y1 = x[n] *h[n] and y2[n] = x[n − 3] * h[n].

Here is the solution for the example problem:

The signal x[n] “goes” from n = 0 to n = 6, so the shifted signal x[n − 3] “goes”
from n = 0 to n = 9. This means that we need a Matlab array with 10 elements
to hold the values of x[n − 3] (for n = 0, 1, . . . , 9). To make the plotting easy,
we will store both x[n] and x[n − 3] in 10- element Matlab arrays. Since h[n]
“goes” from n = 0 to n = 8, we will need a nine-element Matlab array to hold
the values of h[n]. Each convolution result will have a length of 10 + 9 − 1 =
18, corresponding to the “times” n = 0, 1, . . . , 17.

Here is sample Matlab code to compute the two convolutions and plot them
both in the same figure using the subplot command:

x = [1 -2 3 -4 0 2 1 0 0 0]; % Input signal zero-padded to length 10


xm3 = [0 0 0 1 -2 3 -4 0 2 1]; % Shifted input signal x[n-3]

xm3 = [zeros(1,3) x(1:7)]; % An easier way to make x[n-3],same result

h = [3 2 1 -2 1 0 -4 0 3]; % Impulse response


y1 = conv(x,h); % Make y1[n] = x[n] * h[n]
y2 = conv(xm3,h); % Make y2[n] = x[n-3] * h[n]
n = 0:17; % "time" values for x-axis of plot
subplot(2,1,1); % Make a 2x1 array of graphs and make % the first graph the
"current" one

stem(n,y1); % Plot y1 against n


title(’y_1[n] = x[n] * h[n]’); % Title for top graph
xlabel(’n’); % X-axis label for top graph
ylabel(’y_1[n]’); % Y-axis label for top graph
subplot(2,1,2); % Select the second graph as "current"

stem(n,y2); % Plot y2 against n


title(’y_2[n] = x[n-3] * h[n]’); % Title for bottom graph
xlabel(’n’); % X-axis label for bottom graph
ylabel(’y_2[n]’); % Y-axis label for bottom graph

Now it’s your turn:


(a) Plot h1[n], h2[n], and x[n] together using the subplot function.

n = -8:8;
h1n = [zeros(1,8),1 1 -1 -1 zeros(1,5)];
for i=1:length(n)
%populating h1[n]
if n(i)>=-3 && n(i)<3
h2n(i) = (1/2)^n(i);
else
h2n(i) = 0;
end
%populating x[n]
if n(i)>0 && n(i)<6
xn(i) = (1/4)^n(i);
else
xn(i) = 0;
end
end
%plotting for part a
figure(1);
subplot(3,1,1);
stem(n,h1n);
subplot(3,1,2);
stem(n,h2n);
subplot(3,1,3);
stem(n,xn);
%part b
vn = conv(xn,h1n);
yn =conv(vn,h2n);
%plotting for part b
(b) Consider a system H formed from the series connection of H1 and H2,
where x[n] is input to H1, the output v[n] of H1 is input to H2, and the output of
H2 is y[n]. Use the conv function to find v[n] and y[n]. Plot v[n] and y[n] using
the subplot function.

subplot(211);
stem(-8:24,vn);
subplot(212);
stem(-8:40,yn);
%part c
vn = conv(xn,h2n);
yn =conv(vn,h1n);
%plotting for part c
(c) Now assume that the order of the systems is reversed, so that x[n] is input
to H2, the output v[n] of H2 is input to H1, and y[n] is the output of H1. Plot
v[n] and y[n]. Briefly explain why v[n] is different in parts (b) and (c), whereas
y[n] is the same in both parts.

subplot(211);
stem(-8:24,vn);
subplot(212);
stem(-8:40,yn);

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