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Sba #4 - STDS

1) The document describes an experiment that investigated how social behaviors like promiscuity and condom use affect risk of sexually transmitted diseases. Students were assigned roles and asked to exchange fluid samples to simulate sexual interactions. 2) After 15 minutes, a color-changing chemical indicated if students had been exposed to an STD. 6 out of 25 students, or 24%, tested positive. Those who practiced unprotected sex had higher infection rates than those who used condoms. 3) The experiment supported the hypothesis that unprotected sex increases STD risk, while safe sex practices and abstinence reduce risk. Mixing of solutions and accuracy of role-playing could impact results.

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144 views6 pages

Sba #4 - STDS

1) The document describes an experiment that investigated how social behaviors like promiscuity and condom use affect risk of sexually transmitted diseases. Students were assigned roles and asked to exchange fluid samples to simulate sexual interactions. 2) After 15 minutes, a color-changing chemical indicated if students had been exposed to an STD. 6 out of 25 students, or 24%, tested positive. Those who practiced unprotected sex had higher infection rates than those who used condoms. 3) The experiment supported the hypothesis that unprotected sex increases STD risk, while safe sex practices and abstinence reduce risk. Mixing of solutions and accuracy of role-playing could impact results.

Uploaded by

lucy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SBA # YY MM DD

4 2021 09 30
Bishakha Khatri

Title: Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Hypothesis: If the persons who practice unprotected sex, exchange solutions with
multiple individuals, then it is more likely for solutions to turn red, meaning that
sexually transmitted diseases have spread.

Aim: To investigate the effect of an individual’s social behavior on the chance of


being exposed to a sexually transmitted disease.

Background Information:
STDs are sexually transmitted diseases, also known as sexually transmitted
infections (STIs). STDs are transmitted by through sexual activity including
vaginal, oral, and anal sex. STDs can be transmitted non- sexually, from mothers
to their infants during pregnancy or childbirth, or through blood transfusions or
shared needles. STDs can have a range of symptoms but can also have no
symptoms at all. Common symptoms include: sores or bumps on the genitals,
burning or painful urination, fever, rash, pain during sex, etc. Examples of STDS
are, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis, herpes, Gonorrhea, etc. STDs can be caused by
bacteria, viruses, and parasites. STD’s can be prevented by using contraceptive
methods, abstinence, having sexual relations with one uninfected partner, etc.

Material/Apparatus:
• water
• hydrochloric acid
• plastic cups
• methyl orange
• paper cards

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
4 2021 09 30
Bishakha Khatri
Procedure:
1. The teacher had prepared cards with the letters PU, PS, FU, FS and A. These
codes had the following meanings:
• PU – promiscuous as well as practices unprotected sex – the individual
will try to exchange solutions with any others in the lab.
• PS – promiscuous but practices safe sex – that is they use protection
(e.g. condom.)
• FU – faithful to one partner but does not use protection.
• FS – faithful to one partner and still uses protection.
• A – abstinence
2. Each student was given a cup with clear liquid. Most of them were water, but
two students out of a class of 25 students were secretly given hydrochloric
acid.
3. The students had acted out their roles (according to the letters chosen before)
for 15 minutes in the following way:
• students who had practiced “safe sex”, that is using protection, had
rubbed their cups without mixing the fluids in them.
• students who had practiced unprotected sex had mixed their solutions
and then had kept half of the mixture.
• The safe sex individuals were permitted to have unsafe sex once.
• abstinence had meant no sex at all.
• rape was not allowed but homosexuality was permitted if a willing
partner was around.
4. At the end of the 15 minutes, drops of screened methyl orange were added to
each solution. A red color had indicated that the person was infected with a
sexually transmitted disease.
5. The following information was recorded:
• the total number students in class
• the number of people infected at the end
• the number of uninfected individuals

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
4 2021 09 30
Bishakha Khatri
Observations/Results:

Table showing number of individuals infected after 15 minutes.

Total Number of Infected Number of


Individuals Uninfected
Individuals
promiscuous; practices 5 2 3
unprotected sex (PU)
promiscuous; but 3 0 3
practice safe sex (PS)
faithful to one partner; 9 3 6
does not use protection
(FU)
faithful to one partner; 5 1 4
uses protection (FS)
Abstinence (A) 3 0 3
Total 25 6 19

Table showing color change in solutions after addition of orange methyl

Total # of solutions that turned # of solutions that turned


red after addition of orange after addition of
methyl orange methyl orange
promiscuous; practices 5 2 3
unprotected sex (PU)
promiscuous; but practice safe 3 0 3
sex (PS)
faithful to one partner; does 9 3 6
not use protection (FU)

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
4 2021 09 30
Bishakha Khatri
faithful to one partner; uses 5 1 4
protection (FS)
Abstinence (A) 3 0 3
Total 25 6 19

Analysis:
In this experiment, 25 individuals were given solutions and codes, by which the
individuals had to act out the roles assigned. Twenty-three individuals had water
and 2 students were secretly given hydrochloric acid. Individuals were assigned to
practice promiscuous unprotected sex, promiscuous protected sex, faithful
unprotected sex, faithful protected sex, and abstinence. During the 15 minutes,
individuals were able to mix solutions, rub cups, or stay abstinent. After 15
minutes, drops of methyl orange were placed in every cup to test the presence of
hydrochloric acid. Orange methyl was used to detect the acidity in the water,
caused by hydrochloric acid. If hydrochloric acid was present, then the solutions
would have turned red, thus the individual contracted an STD. After the results
were observed, it was observed that 6 individuals out of 25 individuals were
infected. Thus, 24% of the class was infected with STDs. There were 5 individuals
who were promiscuous and practiced unprotected sex. Two individuals who
contracted STDs were individuals who were promiscuous and practiced
unprotected sex. Thus, 40% of the individuals who were promiscuous and
practiced unprotected sex were infected. There were 3 individuals who were
promiscuous but practiced safe sex; none of these individuals contracted an STD.
Thus, 0% of the individuals who were promiscuous but practiced safe sex were
infected. From 9 individuals who were faithful to one partner but practiced
unprotected sex; 3 individuals were infected. From 5 individuals who were faithful
to one partner but practiced safe sex; 1 individual was infected. This explains that
a faithful person is also able to become infected with an STD. This is possible
because a faithful person may be having sex with only one individual but this does
not necessarily indicate that the other individual in the relationship is only having
sex with one person. It is also possible that the person whom the faithful person is
having unprotected sex with, is already infected with an STD. If a faithful person

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
4 2021 09 30
Bishakha Khatri
is having safe sex with an individual, using protection, but is still infected with an
STD, then it may be the fault of the form of protection used, as it may not be
efficient. A promiscuous person who practiced safe sex is less likely to be infected
with an STD than persons who practice unsafe sex, but it is still possible because
as stated earlier; the protection devices being used may be faulty. The sexual
practices which provide a 100% chance of an individual contracting an STD are
being promiscuous and practicing unprotected sex and being faithful and
practicing unprotected sex. An individual can only have a 100% chance of not
becoming infected with an STD if the individual practices abstinence. Thus, in this
experiment, the ratio of individuals who were infected, who practiced unprotected
sex is higher than the number of individuals infected who practiced protected sex.
In this experiment, the spread of STDs was caused by the persons practicing
unprotected sex without the use of contraception. The promiscuous and faithful
persons who practiced safe sex and the persons who practiced abstinence did not
contract STDs in this experiment due to only rubbing cups instead of mixing
solutions. Thus, the persons who had protected sex with the use of contraceptive
devices, did not contract STDs.

Sources of Error:
• When individuals had to mix solutions, some solutions may not have been
mixed properly or separated evenly, leading to the orange methyl causing
no reaction.
• Individuals may have not followed codes given, causing results to change.

Limitations:
• When drops of orange methyl were added to the solutions, the orange
methyl did not cause a significant or lasting reaction. The red and orange
colors of the solutions faded very quickly. This may have been caused by
the orange methyl solution being contaminated.

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED
SBA # YY MM DD
4 2021 09 30
Bishakha Khatri
Precautions:
• Ensure no spilling occurs when mixing solutions and splitting even
amounts into both cups because if hydrochloric acid is present, then it is
able to irritate the skin.

• Ensure that the code given is followed accurately to provide correct results
and observations.

Conclusion:
In conclusion, due to the promiscuous individuals who practiced unprotected sex
and the faithful individuals who practiced unprotected sex, 6 individuals were
infected with STDs. This experiment proves that it is important to use protection
when having sex to prevent STDs.

Reflection:
Through this experiment, I learnt that even with protection, it is possible to
contract an STD if the protection isn’t efficient or if it breaks or bursts. I also
learnt that having unprotected sex with multiple individuals increases the
likelihood of the widespread of STDs. This experiment is applicable to the world
because it can teach others the effects of unprotected sex and it may encourage
others to use protection which will lead to the reduction of STDs.

FOR TEACHERS ONLY


SKILLS ASSESSED M/M ORR A/I P/D D CL/F
MARK OBTAINED

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