ARELLANO UNIVERSITY

Expanded Tertiary Education Equivalency and Accreditation Program

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Name:_____________________ Subject: ________________Chapter: 15

Numerous hypotheses, each with the ability to explain and characterize

aspects of the human mind, have been put up over the course of time. It is

essential to keep in mind that there is not a single theory that, on its own, can

explain every facet of a person's personality. Instead, each of these theories

has contributed to our understanding of a broader range of personality

attributes, the factors that contribute to the formation of those characteristics,

and the ways in which those factors have an impact on individual behavior

and the experiences that people have. The issue at hand in the discussion

that is commonly referred to as "nature versus nurture" is determining the

degree to which an individual's innate characteristics have an impact on who

they are today in comparison to the degree to which their experiences as they

were growing up have had an impact on who they are today in terms of their

physical and behavioral characteristics. The concept of "nature versus

nurture" is one that has been refined throughout the course of psychology's

long and illustrious history. It is the response that has stayed constant to the

query, "How do individuals develop into the people they are?"

[1] One of the most fascinating aspects of psychology is the study of

individuals' personalities. There are many different ideas regarding

personality, the most of which can be placed into one of four fundamental
orientations. Each of these ways of looking at personality attempts to define a

variety of personality patterns, including how these patterns come to be as

well as the ways in which individuals are unique.

The study of the ways in which one's genes can have an effect on their

personality is referred to as genetic psychology or behavioral biology. [2]

Genetic psychologists typically explore the ways in which specific genes

influence human behavior and personality. It would appear that a child's

upbringing can shape certain aspects of their personality, such as their level

of receptivity to new experiences and their capacity for intimacy.

On the other hand, it would appear that a child's distractibility and

agreeableness are set characteristics that are entrenched in their DNA and

when considering the concept of nurturing, on the other hand, the concept of

learning comes into play. A considerable influence on one's ability to learn

comes from a variety of psychological characteristics, including intelligence,

motivation, self-concept, attitude, interests, and learning styles. [3] The family,

the home environment, the neighborhood, the community, and the peer group

are all examples of sociocultural elements that can have an impact on a

person's ability to learn new things. Consciousness is defined as the state in

which we are aware of both the stimuli coming from within and those coming

from without. Pain, hunger, thirst, tiredness, and awareness of our thoughts

and emotions are all examples of internal sensations that are part of our

conscious experience.
 The debate over whether nature or nurture is more influential is

ongoing. In contrast to the possible influence of early environment and

development, the current debate commonly centers on the impact that genes

have on human personality. The widespread conceptions of this argument

also change during the course of cultural evolution. Personalities and

behavioral patterns are, arguably, the most complicated aspects of human

beings. [4] This aspect of human behavior continues to pique the interest of

both the general public and social theorists, as seen by heated discussions

like "Nature vs. Nurture" and studies like "The Bouchard Twin Study." Social

psychologists have spent decades investigating human behavior and the

subject of whether we are the result of our genes or our environment in an

effort to find an answer to the question "Is personality genetic?" If our

personalities are formed by our DNA, then we begin to form them while we

are very young and continue to hold onto them throughout our entire lives. If,

on the other hand, our personalities are the product of our upbringing, then

they are subject to change over the course of our lives, and the things we go

through will have a bigger bearing on how they develop. Consciousness is

linked to a nonautomatic decision-making, planning, and general reaction

system known as a flexible response mechanism (FRM). Freud proposed that

even when we are unaware (unconscious) of the ways in which our actions

are influenced, the thoughts and feelings that are buried deep within us

continue to exert their power. The unconscious may contain things like

suppressed feelings and memories, habits, thoughts, and desires, as well as

reactions and reactions to wishes.

is still possible to develop additional characteristics as our lives progress.

Studies have shown that both genetics and environmental factors contribute

to the formation of an individual's personality and temperament. The concept

of a person's qualities being impacted more by their "nature" or their "nurture"

is what is meant by the expression "nature vs. nurture." Nature refers to a

person's innate features, while "nurture" refers to their upbringing and

environment. The phrase "nature" refers to an individual's fundamental

biological features, whereas the term "nurture" often relates to a person's

upbringing or the experiences they have had throughout their life (particularly

genetics). The debate over whether a person's characteristics are more

shaped by their genetics or their environment is sometimes framed as a

contest between two camps: those who believe that one type of influence is

more important than the other. In spite of this, modern researchers have come

to the conclusion that both "nature" and "nurture" have a role in the formation

of a person's personality and interact with one another in a convoluted way.

There has never been an explanation for the idea of personality that

can be considered to be definitive ever since the beginning of the 20th

century. Even if it is true that both nature and nurture have played a significant

role in the formation of each person's personality, it is also true that these two

factors are not the only ones that have contributed to the creation of each

person's unique characteristics. This is because nature and nurture are not

the only factors that have played a significant role in the formation of each

person's personality. Researchers in the field of psychology study not only

depth understanding of the human condition. The continuous interaction

between a person and their natural and social surroundings is what shapes

and reshapes a person's personality over the course of their entire existence.

Despite the fact that personality is an extremely nuanced aspect of human

beings, there has never been a definitive answer to the question of what

elements truly have an impact on an individual's personality.

References

1. Plomin, R., Reiss, D., Hetherington, E. M., & Howe, G. W. (1994). Nature

and nurture: genetic contributions to measures of the family

environment. Developmental Psychology, 30(1), 32.

2. Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2013). The nature–nurture debates: 25 years of

challenges in understanding the psychology of gender. Perspectives on

Psychological Science, 8(3), 340-357.

3. McCrae, R. R., Costa Jr, P. T., Ostendorf, F., Angleitner, A., Hřebíčková,

M., Avia, M. D., ... & Smith, P. B. (2000). Nature over nurture:

temperament, personality, and life span development. Journal of

personality and social psychology, 78(1), 173.

4. Richardson, K. (2005). Developmental psychology: How nature and

nurture interact. Psychology Press.