II.

PRESCRIPTION WRITING
EXERCISES

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 1

Maria Cruz, 10 kg was seen because of fever due to viral infection. She was given Paracetamol (Tempra) 120 mg/5
Ml. Dose of 10 mg/kg every 4 hours for 3 days. Paracetamol is available in 120 mL/ bottle.

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 2

Corazon Bedo, 22 lbs, was diagnosed with seizures. Phenobarbital is given at 3 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses to be
given for one month. It is available in gr. ¼ tablets.

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 3

Leopoldo Calaycay, 44 lbs has Pneumonia. Given Amoxycillin. Dose of 100 mg/kg/day

in 4 divided doses for 7 days. Amoxicillin is available at 250 mg mL/bottle..

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 4

King Gelit, 25 kg. had undergone surgery for a fractured forearm. He was prescribed Nalbuphine for the pain at 0.15
mg/kg/dose to be given every 4 hours for 24 hours by IV. Nalbuphine is available at 10 mg/ 1 mL ampule.

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 5

Jessica Colet, 50 year old female was diagnosed with urinary tract infection.
She was given Levofloxacin 500 mg to be taken once a day for 7 days. Levofloxacin is available at 500 mg/capsule

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 6

Ria Lucas was diagnosed with sleep disorder. She was prescribed with Diazepam (Valium) at

5 mg daily for one month. Diazepam is available at 5 mg/tablet.

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 7

Ben Luna, 43 years old, was recently diagnosed with hypertension. He was given Amlodipine (Norvasc) 5 mg b.i.d.
for one month. Amlodipine is available at 50 mg/ tablet.

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 8

Jared Lot, 22 lbs boy is being given Gentamycin. Dose of 7 mg/kg/dose intramuscularly once daily for 7 days.
Gentamycin is available at 80 mg/ 2 mL

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 9

Joe Bulta., a 70 year old woman with chest pain showed an ECG tracing of sinus tachycardia. She was given
Verapamil 40 mg. tablet once a day. It is available as 80 mg/tablet.

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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 PRESCRIPTION EXERCISE # 10

Carlos Isla, a 40 year old male executive consulted a physician because of epigastric pain. Diagnosis was peptic
ulcer disease. He was given Omeprazole 20 mg. tab once daily for 8 weeks. Omeprazole is available at 20 mg/tablet.

NAME OF PATIENT: _________________________________________

ADDRESS: __________________________________________________

AGE:______________________________________SEX:_____________

DATE:_____________

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

_____________________________MD

Lic. No.________________________________

PTR No.________________________________

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MATHEMATICAL
CALCULATIONS

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 MATHEMATICAL REVIEW AND CALCULATION OF DOSES

Although the metric system of weights and measures will be used throughout this manual, the student should
familiarize himself with both the metric and apothecaries’ system and their equivalents.

The following commonly used equivalents are approximate, but are accurate for ordinary dosages.
APPROXIMATE EQUIVALENTS:

1 milligram (mg)……. 0.001gm ……………. 1/60 grain (gr) ……… gram 10

1 centigram ………… 0.010 gm …………… 1/6 grain
1 decigram …………. 0.100 gm …………… 1 & ½ grains
1 gram (gm) ………... 1.00 gm …………….. 15 grains
1 kilogram (kg) …….. 1000.0 gm ………….. 32 ounces or 2 & 2/3 pounds
1 microgram (ug) ….. 0.000001 gm ………. gram 10-6
1 nanogram (ng) or 1 millimicrogram ………. Gram 10-9 or 0.000001 gm

APOTHECARIES’ SYSTEM:

The unit of measurement is 1 grain, which is equivalent to approximately 0.06 gm in the metric system. 1 gram
is approximately equal to 15 grains (gr).
20 grains (gr) ………………. 1 scruple
3 scruples or 60 gr …………. 1 dram
480 gr or 8 drams ………….. 1 ounce (oz)
5760 gr or 12 oz …………… 1 pound (lb)

TABLE OF VOLUME:

The unit measurement is the minim, which is equal to 0.06 ml.

1 milliliter (ml) ………….. 15 minims ……………. 1/30 fluid ounces (fl. oz.)
60 minims ……………… 1 fluid dram …………… 4 ml
8 fluid drams …………… 1 fluid oz ……………… 30 ml
16 fkl. oz. ………………… 1 pint …………………. 500 ml
2 pints …………………… 1 quart (qt) ………….… 1000 ml ………….1 liter
4 quartz or 8 pints ……… 1 gallon (gal)
1 liter ( l ) ………………… 2 pints or 32 ounces …… 1000 ml

HOUSEHOLD EQUIVALENTS:

1 teaspoonful ……………. 1 dram …………………. 5 ml

1 tablespoonful ………….. 4 drams ………………... 15 ml
1 wineglass ……………… 2 ounces ……………….. 60 ml
1 teacup …………………. 4 to 6 ounces …………... 120-180 ml
1 glassful ………………... 8 ounces ……………….. 240 ml
1 dessert spoonful ………. 2 drams ………………... 10 m

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 PREPARING SOLUTION FROM FULL-STRENGTH DOSES

SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS:

1. How many grams are necessary to prepare1000 mL of 5% boric acid solution?

2. Prepare 5000 ml of a 1:500 sodium chloride solution from 0.50 gm tablets of the drug. How many tablets are
necessary?

3. Prepare 2 liters of a 0.5% solution of a drug from gr. V tablets. How many tablets are needed?

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 PREPARING SOLUTION FROM STOCK SOLUTIONS:

SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS:

1. Prepare 2500 ml of a 1: 5000 solution of potassium permanganate from crystals.

2. Prepare 10 pints of normal physiological saline solution (0.9% or NSS) for mouth wash.

3. Prepare 1 liter of a 50% alcohol solution from a 70% stock solution.

PREPARING SOLUTION FROM STOCK SOLUTIONS:

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SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS:

1. Prepare 5 quarts of NSS ( 0.9% ) from a 10% stock solution.

2. Prepare 1000 ml of a 5% phenol solution from a stock solution of 90%.

3. Prepare 5 liters of a 1: 4500 benzalkonium chloride solution from a stock solution of 1: 2500.

PROBLEMS IN DOSAGE

SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS:

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To prepare doses from tablets:
1. Prepare atropine sulfate gr. 1/400 from tablets labelled gr. 1/40.

2. Prepare codeine sulfate gr. 1/4 from tablets labelled gr. 1/2.

To calculate doses using stock solutions.

1. Give meperidine hydrochloride 50 mg from an ampule labelled 200 mg in 5 ml.

4. Give 50 mg morphine sulfate from a 2% solution.

PROBLEMS IN DOSAGE

SOLVE THE FOLLOWING PROBLEMS:

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To prepare doses from full strength drugs.
1. Prepare 500 mg of ampicillin for intravenous injection from ampicillin trihydrate for injection, U.S.P., which
contain 1000 mg in a vial, dissolved in 5 ml. Distilled water.

2. Prepare 500,000 units of procaine penicillin G and buffered crystalline penicillin G for intramuscular injection
from sterile procaine penicillin G and buffered crystallin penicillin G suspension, U.S.P., which contains 4,000.000
units, to be dissolved in 5 ml distilled water. Label the strength of the solution remaining in the vial after the dose
has been administered.

To prepare doses of drugs based on the weight of a person:

1. How much erythromycin will you give a child weighing 44 lbs. Who need 50 mg/kg BW/day? What is the total
dose to be given if the drug is needed for 10 days? Preparation is 200 mg/5 ml in 60 ml bottle.

2. Ampicillin is usually given at a dose of 50-100 mg/kg BW/day in child. Basing on a 100 mg/kg BW/day, how
much of the drug will you give a10 kg. Child per dose, if it has to be given every 6 hours?

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