3.11.

FREQUENCY OF VARIATION OF INDUCTANCE OF EACH PHASE

WINDING OF SRM
of SRM, the
We know that when the voltage applied to the stator phase winding
is
in the direction of increasing inductance. When the phase is
motor creates torgque
in its minimum inductance position, the rotor moves into the forthcoming
energized
position of maximum inductance.
inductance
The inductance profile of SRM is triangular shaped, with maximum
inductancee
when the stator and rotor poles are in an aligned position and minimum
when unaligned.
inductance of each phase
So, it is necessary to study the frequency of variation of
winding to know about the nature of electromagnetic torque developed by the
switched reluctance machine.

Let us take N, be the number of salient poles of the SRM.

the inductance of
When the stator pole axis is in alignment with the rotor pole axis,
denoted as L
the coil is maximum and this maximum inductance is generally

When the stator pole non-aligned position, (i.e.,) when the stator pol
axis is in
is
axis is in alignment with the rotor interpolar axis, the inductance of the winding
minimum and is denoted as Ly.
 Clrical Mac
Special DICercal Machiney

3.26 Switched Reluctance Motors 3.27

depicted in following
Fig.3.20
axis are
and inter polar The number of steps in one revolution of the rotor
The rotor pole axis Projecting =4xN, (3.38)
Projecting rotor pole
rotor pole \
Therefore, 21Tadians
step angle axN. adians (3.39)

is than the of rotor poles.

Usually the number of stator poles greater
no.

N,> N,
Interpolar Where, N No. ofstator poles
axis
winding with respect to "0'.
Variation of the inductance of the phase
and interpolar axis
Fig. 3.20.Rotorpoles Let us take, (Refer the Fig(3.19))
in one revolution of the
The variation of the inductance of each phase Winding axis and rotor pole axis.
A n g l e between stator pole
rotor is N,
The frequency of variation of inductance of each phase winding B Pole arc in radians of the stator pole
Fig. 3.21. Pole arc of
ofthe rotor pole and B, B,.
>
B, Pole arc in radians
= N, x No. ofrevolutions per sec stator and rotor poles
. (3.32)
= N, x No. ofrevolutions perminute
60
Case (i): 0 = 0°
Ipm
=
N, x
60 . (3.33)
figure 3.22, the rotor pole axis is in
In the
alignment with the stator pole axis. (i.e.,)
=
N, x N
60 (3.34) 0 0°. Here the inductance of the correspon-
ding phase winding is maximum. (i.e.,) L L
=

We know that the angular

velocity of the rotor in mech.rad/sec is given by.
Fig. 3.22. Aris of rotor pole in
. 27N alignment with stator pole
60 . (3.35)
Where
NSpeed in rpm
From the equation (3.35), Case (i): 0 = 4

260 . (3.36)
The rotor reference axis makes an angular

Substitute displacement of with stator reference

in the equation (3.34), we get, B-Ba
axis as shown in figure 3.23.
Frequency of variation of inductance of
phase winding 2

=
N, *
2n Fig. 3.23. Axis of rotor displaced through
Let g be the .(3.37)
number of phase from stator reference axis
winding.
 es

3.28 Switched Reluctance Motors 3.29

stator pole is along
one edge 0 ofthe r

When -
the edge O ofthe to ,[from case (i) to case (ii)], the inductance
,

also is minimum When varies from

air gap is
minimum, so
reluctance
The
pole. At this position,
to be maximum
(i.e.,) L,.
L varies from L, to L Since, in between the angle
, the air gap
inductance the coil continues
of
also varies. Hence for case (ii),
0
L
to
= L varies so inductance

Hence, when variesfrom

When <0 < "L" varies as,

Case(i):0 = L<L < L,

2t
In general, Rotor pole pitch Number of rotor poles
Case (iv): 0 =

N.
(3.40) is shown (i.e.) in this case,
the condition when 0
In the following Fig.3.25, N,
Hald the polepitch . (3.41) reference axis
of N from stator
ofthe rotor) 2xN, N, the rotor reference axis is displaced by an angle
value of
rotor is in alignment
with stator pole axis. The
(i.e.) the interpolar axis ofthe
Assume that the angle =
is lagging the halfthe pole pitch of the rotor
is still minimum value (i.e.)
L =L

inductance at
stator pole is along with the
At this position, (shown in figure) the edge ofthe -(
edge ofrotor pole. The flux pattern is such that the flux linkages per unit current
of the stator is less than the previous case (i) but not minimum. The air gap is
maximum and inductance is minimum. (i.e.) L=L

oo Q
T/N
2n/N

stator reference axis

Fig. 3.25. Rotor reference axis displacedthrough from

2 (ie)for s N
Fig. 3.24. Rotor reference axis Inductance L L,
displaced through Srom stator reference axis
 " nes

3.31
3.30 Switched Reluctance Motors

Fig.3.27 can be tabulated and clearly understood.

Case (r): - - Pole 1
The observations from
the above

L Inference
Point
This condition occurs at 6= 0 L, (max) Length AB L E
A
L (max)
after e.,) the angle 2n/N- B P.- L' is kept constant at its

as far as the
Fig. 3.26. Rotor reference axis maximum value Lg.. @-0. 0.

displacedthrough ) Length BC= B, During this period

min)
C
rotor pole 2 is considered. This condition from stator reference axis L varies from L, to L The varia-
is depicted in Fig.3.24 tion of L with respect to rotor posi-

the stator pole comes under the influence of rotor pole2 tion OL exists and it is negative.
After this case (v),
at 0 = the value of inductance is with
Actually in the case (v) (i.e.,) L, (min) Interpolar axis of rotor aligns
D
minimum,L =

L. When the stator pole comes under the influence of rotor pole 2 N stator pole axis.

the condition = occurs where the value of |LengthCD _ * E

after the case (v), again
inductance is maximum L = L (i.e.,) The value of inductance varies from L, to L, Here L' is at minimum value
as the rotor pole moves towards so as to cover the stator pole. The variation of the and henceOL
a 0.
inductance ofthe phase winding with respect to is shown in the Fig.3.27.
,L, (min) Length DE - Here
E
- also L remains at L,(mnimum

Ld OL =0.
value)a
L' varies from L,
L,(max) Length EF B,
D OL
Lu exists
(min) to Lg (max). Henceaa
and it is (+) ve.

L (max)
N,
N
2T G
LengthFG
Fig. 3.27. Variation of inductance
of phase winding with respect to 6
remains at L, (max) and -0. 0.