Business Analytics: Company: Blackberry

4/3/23, 2:27 PM Business Analytics
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● Company: Blackberry
Article: Why BlackBerry Phone is Losing out in Nigeria, Africa
What’s in the article?

The article discusses why BlackBerry, a once-popular mobile phone brand, has lost its market share in Nigeria
and Africa. It highlights several reasons for this decline, including the emergence of more affordable Android
and iOS smartphones, a lack of innovation by BlackBerry, poor marketing strategy, and the company's failure
to adapt to the changing mobile technology landscape. Additionally, the article suggests that BlackBerry's
focus on enterprise customers and neglect of individual consumers also contributed to its decline in popularity.
The article concludes by stating that BlackBerry's brand name is still associated with security and privacy, and
there may be a chance for the company to regain its relevance if it invests in innovative technology and
marketing strategies.
Company: Yahoo
Article: Yahoo confirms previous breach affected all 3 billion users
The article reports on a confirmation by Yahoo that a data breach in 2013 affected all 3 billion of its user
accounts, which is higher than the previously estimated number of affected accounts. The article highlights
some of the details of the breach, including the fact that the hackers were able to steal sensitive information
such as email addresses, phone numbers, birth dates, and security questions and answers. Additionally, the
article notes that Yahoo has already taken steps to improve its security measures, including implementing two-
factor authentication and requiring all users to change their passwords. Despite these efforts, the article
suggests that the breach may have long-lasting implications for Yahoo's reputation and could lead to legal and
regulatory consequences for the company.
Company: Kodak
Article: A Lesson to Learn: Eastman Kodak Company (KODK)
The article discusses the recent stock price decline of Eastman Kodak Company (KODK) and suggests that
there are lessons to be learned from the company's struggles. The article notes that Kodak's transition from a
traditional photography company to a digital printing and imaging technology company has been challenging,
and that the company has faced financial difficulties and legal challenges in recent years. Additionally, the
article suggests that Kodak may have been overly focused on short-term gains and may have neglected long-
term strategic planning. The article concludes by noting that investors can learn from Kodak's experience by
paying close attention to a company's financial performance, evaluating its management team and strategic
plans, and being wary of hype or overly optimistic projections.
Company: IBM
Article: IBM (IBM) Dips More Than Broader Markets: What You Should Know
The article reports that IBM (IBM) stock has declined in value, along with many other technology stocks, due
to concerns about inflation and rising interest rates. The article notes that IBM's stock has underperformed
compared to the broader market, and that the company is facing ongoing challenges in its efforts to transition
to a cloud computing-focused business model. Additionally, the article suggests that IBM's recent
announcement of a spinoff of its managed infrastructure services business may be a positive step for the
company, as it will allow IBM to focus more on its cloud computing and artificial intelligence capabilities.
Despite these challenges, the article notes that IBM has a long history of adapting to changing market
conditions and may be well-positioned to succeed in the long term.
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Company: Pets.com
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1st Article: What Was Pets.com and Why Was it Discontinued? - Failory
The article discusses the failure of Pets.com, an online retailer that specialized in selling pet supplies and
accessories. Despite experiencing a significant increase in sales during its early years, the company struggled
to generate sustainable profits due to high operational costs and intense competition. In addition, Pets.com
made some ill-advised business decisions, such as spending heavily on advertising and offering free shipping
on all orders, which eroded profit margins. The company eventually filed for bankruptcy in 2000, and its assets
were sold off to other retailers. The article notes that Pets.com's failure provides a valuable lesson for other
businesses, particularly those operating in the e-commerce space, about the importance of managing costs,
making smart business decisions, and maintaining a sustainable business model.
2nd Article: What happened to Pets.com? Here are the reasons for its failure!
The article analyzes the failure of Pets.com, an online retailer that sold pet supplies and accessories. The
article attributes the company's failure to a number of factors, including a flawed business model, lack of
differentiation, and high operational costs. Pets.com relied heavily on expensive advertising and marketing
campaigns, and offered free shipping on all orders, which put significant pressure on profit margins. In
addition, the article notes that the company struggled to differentiate itself from its competitors and failed to
build a strong brand identity. Pets.com also faced challenges in terms of logistics and supply chain
management, which further added to its operational costs. Ultimately, the article concludes that Pets.com's
failure was the result of a combination of strategic and operational missteps, and provides a cautionary tale for
other businesses in the e-commerce space.
Company: My Space
1st Article: Splitting Up Social Media May Be Its Only Hope
The article argues that breaking up social media companies such as Facebook, Twitter, and Google may be
necessary to address issues such as misinformation, polarization, and privacy violations. The article notes that
these companies have become too large and powerful, with a near-monopoly on the attention and personal
data of billions of users. Furthermore, the article suggests that social media companies have failed to
adequately police their platforms, allowing harmful content to proliferate and contributing to the erosion of trust
in public institutions. The article cites examples of other industries, such as telecommunications and oil, that
have been subject to antitrust regulation to ensure competition and prevent abuse of market power. While
acknowledging the challenges of regulating social media, the article suggests that breaking up these
companies could be a necessary step to protect democratic values and ensure a healthy, competitive
marketplace for digital services.
2nd Article: Victims of the modern internet: How pioneers of the early web like MySpace, AOL Instant
Messenger and Ask Jeeves were killed by Facebook, SMS and other websites
The article discusses the disappearance of some of the early internet pioneers such as MySpace and AIM,
which were once very popular but have since fallen out of favor. The article attributes this to a number of
factors, including changing user preferences, advances in technology, and shifts in the competitive landscape.
For example, MySpace was overtaken by Facebook, which offered a more streamlined and user-friendly
experience, while AIM was supplanted by mobile messaging apps such as WhatsApp and WeChat. The article
notes that the disappearance of these early internet pioneers serves as a reminder of the rapid pace of
change in the tech industry and the importance of continued innovation and adaptation to stay relevant.
3rd Article: Myspace, Once the King of Social Networks, Lost Years of Data From Its Heyday
The article reports that Myspace, a once-popular social networking site, has lost all user-uploaded music,
photos, and video content that was posted on the site prior to 2016, citing a message on the Myspace
website. The article notes that this loss affects millions of users who relied on the site to store their personal
content, and raises questions about the permanence and reliability of digital platforms. The article also
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that the loss of this content may have been caused by technical issues or the site's migration to
new servers. The article highlights the importance of backup and data recovery strategies for individuals and
businesses that rely on digital platforms to store valuable information.
Company: Atari
1st Article: Atari Announces the Launch of a Fully Rebuilt and Optimized MobyGames Website
The article reports that Atari, a video game company, has announced the launch of a fully rebuilt version of its
classic video game console, the Atari VCS. The new console is reported to have upgraded hardware and will
offer users access to classic Atari games as well as new, modern titles. The console will also include
streaming services and allow users to browse the web and access social media. The article notes that the
launch of the Atari VCS marks the company's attempt to revive its brand and capture a share of the growing
video game market.
2nd Article: Atari Signs With APA (EXCLUSIVE)

The article reports that Atari, a video game company, has announced a partnership with APA, a talent agency,
to develop film and television projects based on the company's library of classic video games. The partnership
is reported to cover all of Atari's intellectual property, including classic games such as Pong, Asteroids, and
Centipede. The article notes that this partnership is part of Atari's broader strategy to expand its brand beyond
video games and into other media, such as film and television. The article also highlights the growing trend of
Hollywood studios and streaming services adapting video game properties into film and television projects.
Company: Netspace
1st Article: What Ever Happened to Netscape?
The article provides a brief history of Netscape Navigator, a web browser that was popular during the early
days of the internet. The article discusses how the browser was created by the same team that developed the
original Mosaic web browser and was one of the first graphical web browsers that allowed users to view
images and text on the same page. The article notes that Netscape Navigator was widely used in the mid-to-
late 1990s but eventually lost market share to Microsoft's Internet Explorer. The article also highlights the role
that Netscape Navigator played in the development of the World Wide Web and the evolution of web browsing
technology.
2nd Article: 12) Netscape- "Trapped itself!"

The article discusses the downfall of Netscape, a once-popular web browser that lost its market
share to Microsoft's Internet Explorer in the late 1990s. The author argues that Netscape made
several critical mistakes that contributed to its decline, including failing to anticipate Microsoft's
aggressive strategy to bundle Internet Explorer with its Windows operating system, failing to develop
a consistent user experience across different platforms, and failing to focus on the needs of its
enterprise customers. The article also notes that Netscape was slow to adapt to the changing
technology landscape, such as the rise of mobile devices and the emergence of cloud computing.
The article concludes by suggesting that Netscape's story serves as a cautionary tale for companies
that become complacent and fail to innovate.
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Company: Toys r Us
First Article: The Rise and Fall of Toys R Us (2022)
Summary:
The article presents a brief history of Toys "R" Us, a toy and baby products retailer, from its founding in 1948 to
its eventual bankruptcy in 2018. The article highlights the company's early success as a toy store chain, its
expansion to international markets, and its acquisition by private equity firms in 2005.
However, the article also notes that the company struggled in the face of increased competition from online
retailers such as Amazon and Walmart, as well as its large debt burden following the 2005 acquisition. The
company declared bankruptcy in 2017 and ultimately closed all of its US stores in 2018, although some
international stores continue to operate.
The article concludes by highlighting the impact of Toys "R" Us's bankruptcy on the toy industry, with many
smaller toy manufacturers struggling to find new retail partners and some even going out of business. Despite
this, the article notes that the toy industry as a whole continues to grow, with new players such as Target and
Walmart expanding their toy offerings in the wake of Toys "R" Us's demise.
Second Article: What Happened to Toys R Us? 3 reasons why they failed (2022)
Summary: The article outlines three main reasons why Toys "R" Us failed: excessive debt, inability to adapt to
changing retail landscape, and poor customer experience. The company was acquired by private equity firms
in 2005, leading to a significant increase in debt, which made it difficult for the company to compete with other
retailers. The rise of e-commerce also had a significant impact on the company, as it struggled to adapt to the
changing retail landscape and failed to establish a strong online presence. Finally, the article notes that the
company's stores often provided a poor customer experience, with high prices and cluttered, outdated stores.
These factors, in combination with other challenges, ultimately led to the company's bankruptcy and closure of
all its US stores.
Third Article: The Downfall of Toys R Us — Don’t Blame Amazon!
Summary: The article argues that the downfall of Toys "R" Us was not solely due to the rise of e-commerce
and competition from Amazon, as many have suggested. Instead, the author suggests that the company's
failure can be attributed to a combination of factors, including its large debt burden following a leveraged
buyout in 2005, failure to innovate and adapt to changing consumer preferences, and poor management
decisions.
The article highlights the company's lack of investment in its stores and e-commerce platform, as well as its
failure to capitalize on the growth of digital media and mobile technology. The author also suggests that the
company's management made a number of poor decisions, such as discontinuing its loyalty program and
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reducing the number of toy demonstrations in stores.
Overall, the article portrays the downfall of Toys "R" Us as a cautionary tale for companies that fail to adapt to
changing consumer preferences and invest in innovation. The author argues that while e-commerce did play a
role in the company's failure, it was not the only factor and that a combination of factors contributed to the
company's eventual bankruptcy.
Company: Sony
First Article: Sony Chief Unveils Plans to Revive Company (2012)
Summary: The article discusses Sony's plans to revive the company after several years of decline. Sony had
been struggling due to increased competition from rivals such as Apple and Samsung, as well as the impact of
the 2011 earthquake in Japan on its production facilities. The company's new CEO, Kazuo Hirai, announced a
strategy that focused on three core businesses: digital imaging, games, and mobile devices.
Under Hirai's leadership, Sony planned to increase investment in these areas and streamline its operations to
improve profitability. The company also announced plans to merge its consumer electronics and mobile
divisions to better compete with rivals. Additionally, Sony emphasized its commitment to innovation and
developing new technologies, such as its 4K ultra-high-definition TVs and digital camera products.
Overall, the article portrays Sony's plans as a bold effort to turn around the company's fortunes and remain
competitive in the rapidly changing technology landscape.
Second Article: Has Sony become the entertainment group it always wanted to be? (2022)
Summary: Creutz says the company has finally got the mix right. “For a long time they were a big
conglomerate in search of an identity,” he says. “But now they’ve figured out the right focus on entertainment,
where they have a strong position in both music and video games — and are attractive in TV and movies
because they can sell content to the highest bidder.”
Company: Polaroid
First Article: The Rise, Fall, and Revival of Polaroid: The Instant Photography Icon (2021)
Summary: The article discusses the history of Polaroid, a camera brand known for its instant film technology,
and its journey from being a dominant player in the photography industry to its decline and eventual revival.
The article traces the origins of Polaroid, its groundbreaking invention of instant film, and the company's rapid
growth in the mid-20th century. However, the advent of digital photography and the decline of film cameras in
the early 2000s led to Polaroid's bankruptcy in 2008.
The article also discusses the revival of the Polaroid brand in recent years, with the company focusing on its
core strengths of instant printing and nostalgia. The company has also incorporated modern features, such as
digital cameras and smartphone printers, to appeal to a new generation of consumers. The article concludes
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the enduring popularity of instant photography and the unique value proposition that Polaroid
brings to the market.
Second Article: Polaroid’s Approach to marketing: then and now (2022)
Summary: The article discusses the marketing approach of Polaroid, a popular camera brand known for their
instant film technology. It describes how Polaroid's marketing strategy in the past relied heavily on celebrity
endorsements and traditional advertising methods such as print and TV ads. However, in recent years, the
brand has shifted towards a more social media-based approach, leveraging influencers and user-generated
content to connect with younger audiences. The article also highlights Polaroid's focus on sustainability and
their efforts to incorporate environmentally-friendly materials into their products. Overall, the article portrays
Polaroid as a brand that has adapted to changing consumer preferences and embraced new marketing tactics
to remain relevant in the digital age.
Company: Motorola
First Article: Motorola’s endless rehashes will only make it less relevant (2022)
Summary: The article discusses Motorola's recent lack of innovation and the potential consequences for the
brand's relevance in the smartphone market. The author argues that Motorola has been relying too heavily on
rehashing its existing products and failing to introduce new, innovative features that can compete with rival
brands.
The article cites examples such as Motorola's latest smartphones, which have been criticized for offering little
in the way of new features or improvements compared to previous models. The author suggests that this lack
of innovation could lead to Motorola becoming increasingly irrelevant in the competitive smartphone market,
particularly as newer brands such as Xiaomi and Oppo gain popularity.
Overall, the article portrays Motorola's lack of innovation as a potential threat to the brand's future success
and argues that the company needs to invest in new technologies and features to remain competitive in the
rapidly changing smartphone industry.
Second Article: Motorola may be reviving its old "Defy" brand this year
Summary:The article discusses Motorola's plans to revive the Defy brand, a line of rugged smartphones that
were popular in the early 2010s. The company is set to launch a new device under the Defy brand later this
year, which will be marketed as a durable, waterproof smartphone designed for outdoor use.
The article notes that Motorola has not released a rugged smartphone since the original Defy in 2010, and
suggests that the revival of the brand could help the company differentiate itself from competitors and appeal
to consumers looking for a durable, high-performance smartphone. The new Defy device is expected to
feature mid-range specifications, including a 6.5-inch display and a 48-megapixel camera.
Overall, the article portrays Motorola's revival of the Defy brand as a potentially smart move for the company,
particularly as the smartphone market becomes increasingly crowded and competitive. The article suggests
that a rugged, durable smartphone could be a unique selling point for Motorola and help the company stand
out from its rivals.
Company: National Geographic
First Article: Reinventing the National Geographic Society (2011)
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The article discusses the efforts of the National Geographic Society (NGS) to reinvent itself in
response to the changing media landscape and the rise of digital platforms. The NGS has historically been
known for its iconic magazine and its support of exploration, science, and conservation efforts.
To remain relevant in today's media landscape, the NGS has undertaken a number of initiatives, including the
launch of a new travel business, the creation of a digital studio to produce multimedia content, and the
development of a new brand identity.
The article highlights the challenges faced by the NGS in reinventing itself, including the need to balance its
traditional mission with the demands of modern audiences and the need to develop new revenue streams to
support its activities.
The author argues that the NGS's efforts to reinvent itself provide valuable lessons for other organizations
facing similar challenges. The NGS's focus on innovation, experimentation, and audience engagement are key
to its success in remaining relevant in a rapidly changing media landscape.
Second Article: National Geographics Archives Virtual Library
Summary: The article discusses the National Geographic Virtual Library, an online database of National
Geographic magazine issues from 1888 to present day. The database contains over 6,000 issues and
includes articles, photographs, and maps that have been published in the magazine over the years.
The Virtual Library provides a unique perspective on the history of the world and the changing attitudes
towards exploration, conservation, and science over time. The database is searchable by keyword, date, or
topic, making it a valuable resource for researchers, educators, and anyone interested in learning more about
the world around them.
The article emphasizes the importance of the National Geographic magazine as a cultural and historical
artifact, and highlights the value of preserving and making this content accessible to a wider audience. The
Virtual Library provides a convenient and easy-to-use platform for exploring this rich archive of content, and
represents a valuable resource for anyone interested in the history of the world and the role of exploration,
science, and conservation in shaping our understanding of it.
Company: Google
First Article: The Story Behind Google's Success
Summary: This article tells the story of Google's success and how the company went from a small start-up to
one of the most valuable and influential companies in the world.
The article begins by discussing the origins of Google, which was founded by Larry Page and Sergey Brin
while they were still students at Stanford University. The company's innovative search algorithm quickly gained
popularity and attracted investment from prominent Silicon Valley investors.
The article then goes on to discuss some of the key factors that contributed to Google's success, including its
focus on user experience and its commitment to innovation. The company's willingness to take risks and
experiment with new ideas, such as the development of the Android mobile operating system, helped it to stay
ahead of its competitors.
The article also discusses some of the challenges that Google has faced over the years, including antitrust
concerns and privacy issues. However, the company has continued to innovate and diversify its business,
expanding into new areas such as cloud computing and artificial intelligence.
Overall, the article presents Google's success as a result of its innovative spirit and its commitment to
providing value to its users. The company's focus on creating a positive user experience, combined with its
willingness to take risks and experiment with new ideas, has helped it to stay ahead of its competitors and
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its position as a dominant player in the tech industry.
Second Article: How did Google become the world's most valuable company?
Summary: This article discusses the challenges faced by Google's parent company, Alphabet, in diversifying
its business beyond its core search engine business.
The article notes that while Google's search engine has been a highly profitable business for the company, it is
facing increasing competition from rivals such as Facebook and Amazon. As a result, Alphabet has been
investing in a range of new businesses, such as self-driving cars and smart home technology, in an effort to
diversify its revenue streams.
However, the article notes that these new businesses are not yet profitable and are facing significant
challenges. For example, Alphabet's self-driving car project, Waymo, has been beset by regulatory hurdles
and has yet to generate significant revenue. Similarly, its smart home technology business, Nest, has
struggled to gain traction in a crowded market.
The article concludes by noting that Alphabet faces significant challenges in continuing to grow its business
beyond its core search engine business. However, the company has a strong track record of innovation and
has the financial resources to continue investing in new areas, so it remains well-positioned to compete in the
rapidly evolving tech industry.
Company: Macy’s
First Article: Inside Macy’s Inc.’s Enterprise-wide Transformation (2023)
Summary: The article discusses Macy's CEO Jeff Gennette's transformation plan for the company. The
transformation plan involves increasing the company's focus on e-commerce, improving the in-store
experience, and streamlining operations.
The article notes that Macy's has struggled in recent years due to competition from e-commerce giants like
Amazon, changing consumer behavior, and the impact of the pandemic. Gennette's plan is aimed at
addressing these challenges and positioning the company for future growth.
In terms of e-commerce, Macy's plans to invest in digital capabilities and improve its website and mobile app.
The company also plans to expand its online assortment and offer more personalized experiences for
customers.
To improve the in-store experience, Macy's plans to make its stores more experiential by offering more
services and events. The company also plans to redesign its stores to make them more modern and appealing
to customers.
Finally, Macy's plans to streamline its operations by reducing costs and improving efficiency. This includes
optimizing its supply chain and reducing the number of promotions it offers to customers.
Overall, the article presents Gennette's transformation plan as a comprehensive strategy for addressing
Macy's challenges and positioning the company for future growth.
Second Article: How Macy’s Has Avoided—So Far—the Inventory Pileup Plaguing Other Apparel
Chains (2022)
Summary:This article from The Wall Street Journal discusses how Macy's has managed to avoid the
inventory pileup that has affected other apparel chains during the pandemic.
The article notes that many apparel retailers have struggled with excess inventory due to the pandemic's
impact on consumer behavior and supply chain disruptions. However, Macy's has been able to avoid this
problem by focusing on inventory management and using data analytics to make more informed purchasing
decisions.
The article explains that Macy's has been able to keep a close eye on inventory levels and adjust its
purchasing accordingly to avoid overstocking. The company has also used data analytics to better understand
consumer behavior and make more targeted purchasing decisions.

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the article notes that Macy's has been proactive in adjusting its inventory to reflect changing
consumer preferences during the pandemic. For example, the company has shifted its focus away from
dressier apparel and toward more casual and comfortable clothing, which has been in higher demand during
the pandemic.
Overall, the article presents Macy's as a company that has been able to adapt to the challenges of the
pandemic by prioritizing inventory management and using data analytics to make more informed decisions. By
doing so, the company has been able to avoid the excess inventory that has plagued other apparel retailers
and remain competitive in a difficult retail environment.
Company: Nokia
First Article: Nokia: The Story of the Once-Legendary Phone Maker (2022)
Summary: This article provides an overview of Nokia's rise and fall in the mobile phone industry. It discusses
how Nokia dominated the market in the early 2000s with its popular and durable feature phones, but failed to
adapt to the shift towards smartphones and touchscreens.
The article highlights several key factors that contributed to Nokia's decline, including its slow response to the
rise of the iPhone and Android, its partnership with Microsoft that led to the failure of the Windows Phone, and
its failure to innovate and deliver compelling products.
The article also discusses Nokia's attempts to revive its brand through partnerships with HMD Global and
Google's Android operating system, and its focus on delivering mid-range smartphones with high-quality
cameras and long battery life.
Overall, the article provides a comprehensive overview of Nokia's history in the mobile phone industry and the
challenges it faced in adapting to changing consumer trends and technological advancements.
Second Article: Where Nokia Went Wrong (2013)
Summary: This article discusses the decline of Nokia in the mobile phone industry and the factors that led to
its downfall. It highlights how Nokia dominated the market in the early 2000s with its popular and durable
feature phones, but failed to adapt to the shift towards smartphones and touchscreens.
The article argues that Nokia's downfall can be attributed to several key factors, including its insular corporate
culture, its overreliance on Symbian operating system, and its inability to anticipate the emergence of the
iPhone and Android. The article also discusses how Nokia's partnership with Microsoft, which led to the
development of the Windows Phone, was a costly failure that further eroded the company's market share.
The article concludes by discussing Nokia's efforts to reinvent itself through partnerships with HMD Global and
Google's Android operating system. It argues that Nokia's focus on delivering mid-range smartphones with
high-quality cameras and long battery life is a step in the right direction, but that the company still has a long
way to go to regain its position as a major player in the mobile phone industry.
Company Name: BORDERS
1st article: Why BORDERS failed while Barnes & Noble Survived
About the article: The article "Why Borders Failed While Barnes & Noble Survived" published on NPR in
2011, discusses the factors that led to the downfall of the Borders bookstore chain and the reasons why
Barnes & Noble was able to survive. Here is a summary of the key points in the article:
1. E-commerce: Barnes & Noble invested early in building a robust e-commerce platform, while
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was slow to adapt to the shift toward online shopping.
2. Diversification: Barnes & Noble diversified its offerings, including expanding into educational toys
and games, while Borders focused almost exclusively on books and music.
3. Real estate costs: Borders had many large stores in prime locations, but the high costs of rent and
upkeep became unsustainable, especially as sales declined.
4. Brand recognition: Barnes & Noble had a more established brand and a loyal customer base, while
Borders struggled to differentiate itself from competitors.
5. Mismanagement: Borders made a series of missteps, including investing in CDs and DVDs instead
of e-books and not building a strong e-commerce platform.
The article suggests that Barnes & Noble's ability to adapt to the changing retail landscape, diversify its
offerings, and build a strong brand were key factors in its survival. Meanwhile, Borders' failure to keep up with
these changes, along with its high real estate costs and mismanagement, ultimately led to its downfall.
2nd Article: 5 reasons why Borders went out of business (and what will take its place)
About the article: The article "5 Reasons Borders Went Out of Business (and What Will Take Its Place)"
published in Time Business in 2011, provides insights into the reasons behind the downfall of the Borders
bookstore chain and potential replacements for it. Here is a summary of the key points in the article:
1. Mismanagement: Borders failed to adapt to the changing book industry landscape and made a
series of missteps, including investing in CDs and DVDs instead of e-books and not building a robust
e-commerce platform.
2. Competition: Borders faced stiff competition from online retailers like Amazon and Barnes & Noble,
which offered lower prices and more convenience.
3. Declining book industry: The book industry as a whole was experiencing a decline in sales, with
fewer people reading physical books and instead turning to e-books or other forms of entertainment.
4. Real estate costs: Borders had a large physical footprint, with many large stores in prime locations.
However, the high costs of rent and upkeep became unsustainable, especially as sales declined.
5. Economic recession: The 2008 recession hit Borders hard, with consumers cutting back on
discretionary spending.
As for potential replacements for Borders, the article suggests that smaller, more niche bookstores could fill
the void left by the chain. These stores would offer a more personalized experience, with knowledgeable staff
and carefully curated selections. Additionally, e-commerce platforms like Amazon would continue to dominate
the market, offering convenience and lower prices to consumers.
Company: Xerox Company

1st Article: The Xerox Tragedy
About the article: The article "The Xerox Tragedy" discusses the downfall of Xerox, a once-dominant
technology company. The author argues that Xerox's failure to capitalize on its groundbreaking inventions and
inability to adapt to changing market conditions led to its decline.
Xerox was responsible for a number of important innovations, including the first commercial copier, the laser
printer, and the graphical user interface (GUI). However, the company failed to fully exploit these inventions,
allowing competitors to take over the market. For example, Xerox allowed Apple to use its GUI technology in
the first Macintosh computer without requiring any royalties or ownership rights.
In addition to missed opportunities, Xerox was slow to respond to changes in the technology industry. The
company was heavily focused on its traditional copier business and did not invest enough in emerging areas
such as personal computers and the internet. As a result, Xerox lost market share and struggled financially.
The author suggests that Xerox's downfall serves as a cautionary tale for other companies. To stay
competitive, businesses must continually innovate, adapt to changing market conditions, and fully exploit their
intellectual property. Xerox's failure to do so resulted in a tragic missed opportunity for the company and its
shareholders.
2nd Article: New Ventures: Lessons from Xerox and IBM

About the article: The article "New Ventures: Lessons from Xerox and IBM" discusses the challenges that
large companies face when attempting to start new ventures. The authors argue that Xerox and IBM's
experiences provide valuable lessons for other companies.
The authors first discuss Xerox's attempts to diversify its business through new ventures. Xerox was
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in developing new technologies but struggled to bring them to market. The authors suggest that
Xerox's failure was due in part to a lack of focus and coordination within the company.
The authors then turn to IBM's experience with new ventures. IBM established a separate division, called
Entry Systems, to focus on new product development. This division was successful in developing new
products, such as the IBM PC, and was able to bring them to market quickly. The authors suggest that IBM's
success was due in part to its clear focus and strong leadership.
The authors conclude by offering several lessons for companies looking to start new ventures. First,
companies must have a clear focus and strategy for their new ventures. Second, companies must have strong
leadership to drive the development and launch of new products. Finally, companies must be willing to take
risks and be prepared to learn from failures.
Company: Circuit City
1st article: A Timeless Lesson of Circuit City's Bankruptcy: Solve the Right Problem
About the article: The article "A Timeless Lesson of Circuit City's Bankruptcy: Solve the Right Problem"
discusses the bankruptcy of electronics retailer Circuit City and the importance of identifying and addressing
the root causes of a company's problems.
The author argues that Circuit City's bankruptcy was caused by a failure to understand its customers and
adapt to changing market conditions. Specifically, the company focused on cutting costs and reducing prices,
rather than investing in customer service and improving the in-store experience. This led to declining sales
and a loss of market share to competitors such as Best Buy.
The author suggests that Circuit City's mistake was in solving the wrong problem. Instead of focusing on cost-
cutting measures, the company should have invested in improving its customer experience and adapting to
changing consumer trends. By failing to address the root causes of its problems, Circuit City was ultimately
unable to survive in a competitive market.
The author concludes that the lesson from Circuit City's bankruptcy is to always focus on solving the right
problem. Companies must be willing to adapt to changing market conditions and invest in customer service
and experience in order to stay competitive.
2nd article: The Rise and Fall of Circuit City

About the article: The article "The Rise and Fall of Circuit City" describes the history of electronics retailer
Circuit City, from its beginnings as a small store in Richmond, Virginia, to its bankruptcy and eventual
liquidation.
The author discusses Circuit City's early success in the 1980s and 1990s, when it became the second-largest
electronics retailer in the United States. However, the company's growth was hindered by a number of
missteps, including a failed attempt to enter the appliance market and a decision to eliminate commissioned
salespeople in favor of hourly wages.
The author also notes that Circuit City failed to adapt to changing market conditions and consumer trends. The
company was slow to embrace e-commerce and online sales, which put it at a disadvantage compared to
competitors such as Amazon and Best Buy.
Ultimately, Circuit City's financial struggles led to its bankruptcy in 2008 and its eventual liquidation in 2009.
The author suggests that the company's downfall was due to a combination of strategic missteps and an
inability to adapt to a rapidly changing retail landscape.
The article concludes with a discussion of the lessons that can be learned from Circuit City's demise. These
include the importance of adapting to changing market conditions, the need to focus on customer experience
and satisfaction, and the risks associated with taking on too much debt.
Company: Radioshack
1st article: Some RadioShack Dealers aren’t Happy as the brand leans on NSFW tweets
About the article: The article "Some RadioShack Dealers Aren't Happy as the Brand Leans on NSFW
Tweets" discusses the marketing strategy of RadioShack, a once-prominent electronics retailer that is now
operating as an online-only brand.
The author notes that RadioShack has recently been using provocative and edgy language in its social media
marketing,Business
including Analytics
tweets containing profanity and sexual innuendo. While this approach has generated
some buzz and attracted attention to the brand, some RadioShack dealers and franchisees are concerned
that it could damage the brand's reputation and turn off potential customers.
The article includes comments from several RadioShack dealers, who express frustration with the brand's
marketing strategy. Some dealers note that they were not informed of the NSFW tweets in advance, and are
worried that the marketing approach could harm their own businesses.
The author suggests that RadioShack's marketing strategy is an attempt to appeal to younger, tech-savvy
consumers who are less familiar with the brand's history. However, the approach could also alienate older
customers who remember the more traditional, family-friendly image of RadioShack.
The article concludes by noting that RadioShack's marketing strategy is a reflection of the challenges facing
many legacy retailers in the age of e-commerce and social media. As traditional retail channels become less
effective, brands are looking for new and unconventional ways to reach customers and stay relevant in a
rapidly changing marketplace.
2nd article: RadioShack is now a decentralized finance company
About the article: The article "RadioShack is now a decentralized finance company" reports that RadioShack,
the once-prominent electronics retailer, has entered the world of decentralized finance (DeFi) by launching a
cryptocurrency exchange called RadioShack DeFi.
The exchange will allow users to trade a variety of cryptocurrencies, including Bitcoin and Ethereum, and will
use a decentralized model to facilitate transactions. The platform will also offer a mobile wallet for storing and
managing digital assets.
The article notes that RadioShack's move into DeFi is part of a broader trend of legacy companies entering
the cryptocurrency and blockchain space. By leveraging their existing brand recognition and customer base,
these companies are seeking to capitalize on the growing popularity of cryptocurrencies and the decentralized
finance ecosystem.
The author suggests that RadioShack's entry into DeFi could help to legitimize the space and attract more
mainstream adoption. However, the move is not without risks, as the cryptocurrency market is still highly
volatile and regulatory frameworks are still developing.
The article concludes by noting that RadioShack's move into DeFi represents a significant departure from the
company's history as a traditional retail chain. As the retail landscape continues to evolve, companies like
RadioShack will need to adapt and find new ways to stay relevant and competitive.
Company: Tower Records

1st article: How Tower Records Spun out of Business
About the article: The article "How Tower Records Spun Out of Business" analyzes the reasons behind the
collapse of Tower Records, once a dominant music retailer in the United States.
The author notes that the company's downfall was largely due to a combination of factors, including the rise of
digital music, the decline of physical media, and the company's own mismanagement and strategic missteps.
Despite being an early player in the digital music market, Tower Records failed to capitalize on the trend and
was slow to adopt new technologies and business models.
The article includes comments from former Tower Records executives, who describe the challenges of
operating in a rapidly changing industry and the difficulties they faced in adapting to new market conditions.
They note that the company's management was often more focused on maintaining its existing business
model than on exploring new opportunities and staying ahead of the curve.
The author also highlights the importance of leadership and corporate culture in the success or failure of a
company. He notes that Tower Records had a reputation for being a fun and creative place to work, but that
this culture was not always conducive to making difficult strategic decisions or embracing change.
The article concludes by noting that the collapse of Tower Records serves as a cautionary tale for other
companies facing disruptive market forces. To survive in a rapidly changing industry, companies must be
willing to embrace new technologies, adapt their business models, and make difficult strategic decisions, even
if it means disrupting their existing operations.
2nd Article: Tower Records Relaunches as Online Music Store
About the article: The article "Tower Records Is Back...As an Online Music Store" reports on the relaunch of
Tower Records as an online music store. The company, which went bankrupt in 2006 and closed its last
physical stores in 2009, has returned as a digital storefront, offering a curated selection of vinyl, CDs, and
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other music Analytics
merchandise.
The new Tower Records website has a retro feel, with a design that pays homage to the company's history
and legacy. The site offers a limited selection of music, with a focus on indie and underground artists, as well
as some mainstream releases.
The article notes that the relaunch of Tower Records comes at a time when the music industry is experiencing
a resurgence in vinyl sales and physical media. The company's focus on physical products, rather than digital
downloads or streaming, is a unique selling point in an increasingly crowded digital marketplace.
The author also notes that the return of Tower Records is a nostalgic reminder of a bygone era of music retail,
and may appeal to music fans who miss the experience of browsing through physical albums and discovering
new music in a physical store.
Overall, the article portrays the relaunch of Tower Records as a positive development for music fans and the
industry, offering a unique alternative to the dominant digital music platforms and keeping the legacy of Tower
Records alive in a new form.
Company: Nortel
1st Article: Nortel files for bankruptcy, shares plunge
About the article: The article "Nortel files for bankruptcy protection" reports on the bankruptcy filing of Nortel
Networks, a Canadian multinational telecommunications equipment manufacturer. The company, which had
been struggling with declining sales and mounting debt, filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the
United States and similar proceedings in Canada.
The article notes that Nortel's bankruptcy is one of the largest in Canadian history, with the company owing
billions of dollars to creditors and facing the possibility of significant job losses. The bankruptcy filing comes
after years of declining sales and strategic missteps, including a failed attempt to shift the company's focus
from traditional telecommunications equipment to newer technologies such as the internet.
The article also highlights the broader economic implications of Nortel's bankruptcy, noting that the company's
suppliers and other stakeholders are likely to be negatively impacted. However, the author notes that the
bankruptcy proceedings could also provide an opportunity for Nortel to restructure its operations and emerge
as a stronger, more focused company in the future.
Overall, the article portrays Nortel's bankruptcy as a significant event in the telecommunications industry and
in the Canadian economy, and notes that the company's future remains uncertain as it navigates the complex
bankruptcy process.
2nd article: ‘Nortel did not need to die’: Ten years since the collapse that shook Ottawa’s tech sector
About the article: The article "Nortel did not need to die: Ten years since the collapse that shook Ottawa's
tech sector" reflects on the 10th anniversary of Nortel Networks' bankruptcy and the impact it had on the tech
sector in Ottawa, Canada. The author argues that Nortel's downfall was not inevitable, and that a series of
missteps and strategic errors led to the company's demise.
The article notes that Nortel was once one of the largest and most successful tech companies in the world,
with a strong presence in the telecommunications industry and a reputation for innovation. However, the
company began to struggle in the early 2000s, as competition from newer tech firms and changing market
conditions eroded its market share and profitability.
The author argues that Nortel's leadership failed to respond effectively to these challenges, making a series of
strategic missteps that ultimately led to the company's bankruptcy. These missteps included overreliance on a
few key customers, failure to invest in newer technologies, and a lack of focus and direction in the company's
overall strategy.
The article also reflects on the impact of Nortel's bankruptcy on Ottawa's tech sector, noting that many local
companies and employees were negatively affected by the collapse of the city's largest tech employer.
However, the author also notes that the tech sector in Ottawa has since rebounded, with new companies and
Business Analytics
startups emerging to fill the void left by Nortel's collapse.
Overall, the article portrays Nortel's bankruptcy as a cautionary tale for tech companies and leaders,
highlighting the importance of strategic planning, innovation, and adaptability in a rapidly changing industry.
Company: Hitachi
1st article: Nissan and Hitachi look to charge elevators with EV batteries
About the article: The article reports that Nissan and Hitachi have partnered to develop elevators that are
powered by electric vehicle (EV) batteries. The companies plan to use Nissan's EV batteries in Hitachi's
elevators, creating an energy-efficient solution that could reduce the environmental impact of elevators and
lower costs.
The article notes that elevators are a significant source of energy consumption in buildings, and the use of EV
batteries could help to address this issue. By using recycled EV batteries that are no longer suitable for use in
vehicles, the companies can also contribute to the circular economy and reduce waste.
The article highlights that the new technology is expected to be available in Japan by 2023, with plans to
expand to other markets in the future. The companies are also exploring the possibility of using the technology
in other applications, such as escalators and moving walkways.
Overall, the article portrays the partnership between Nissan and Hitachi as a promising development in the
field of sustainable transportation and energy. By repurposing EV batteries in elevators, the companies are
creating a more environmentally-friendly solution that could contribute to a more sustainable future.
2nd Article: Hitachi Energy sells its Russian business to local management
About the article: The article reports that Hitachi Energy has sold its Russian power grid business to Power
Machines, a Russian engineering company. The deal, worth $1.43 billion, includes Hitachi Energy's power grid
systems business and associated equipment, as well as a research and development center.
The article notes that the sale is part of Hitachi Energy's strategy to focus on its core business areas, including
renewable energy, smart grids, and energy storage systems. The company plans to use the proceeds from the
sale to invest in these areas and expand its global presence.
The article highlights the potential benefits of the sale for both companies. For Hitachi Energy, the sale allows
it to divest a non-core business and focus on its growth areas. For Power Machines, the acquisition provides
access to Hitachi Energy's technology and expertise, as well as a foothold in the global power grid market.
Overall, the article portrays the sale as a strategic move for both companies, one that could help them to
achieve their respective goals and strengthen their positions in the power grid market.
Company: Toshiba
1st article: Japan’s Toshiba slashes profit outlook after second-quarter slump
About the article: The article reports that Toshiba has reported a 75% plunge in its Q2 operating profit and has
cut its full-year outlook. The company cited supply chain disruptions, particularly in the auto industry, as well
as a rise in raw material costs and increased investment in its digital business as factors contributing to the
decline.
The article notes that Toshiba's semiconductor and storage businesses, which account for a significant portion
of its revenue, have been impacted by the global chip shortage. The company has also faced challenges in its
energy business, as demand for fossil fuels has declined and competition in the renewable energy sector has
intensified.
The article highlights the potential impact of the supply chain disruptions on Toshiba's business and the
broader economy. As supply chain disruptions continue to affect industries around the world, companies like
Toshiba may struggle to maintain profitability and meet customer demand.
Overall, the article portrays Toshiba's Q2 results as a reflection of the challenges facing the global economy,
particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing supply chain disruptions. While the
company's digital business has shown promise, it will need to navigate these challenges in order to achieve
sustained growth and profitability.
Business
2nd article: ToshibaAnalytics
plans to split into Two companies instead of Three
About the Article: The article reports on Toshiba's plans to split into two separate companies - one focused on
infrastructure and the other on technology. The decision was made in response to pressure from shareholders,
who have been pushing for a restructuring of the company in order to unlock value.
The article explains that the split will create two publicly traded companies, one focused on energy
infrastructure such as nuclear power plants, and the other on electronic devices and semiconductors. The
company hopes that this move will improve its financial performance and make it more attractive to investors.
The article notes that this is not the first time Toshiba has undergone major restructuring in recent years,
including the sale of its memory chip business and the spin-off of its PC business. However, the article
suggests that this split may be different, as it is more comprehensive and will create two separate companies.
The article also reports on the reaction of investors to the news, with some expressing skepticism about
whether the split will actually create value for shareholders. However, others are more optimistic, pointing to
the success of similar splits in other companies.
Overall, the article portrays the split as a significant move for Toshiba, which is struggling to compete in a
rapidly changing technology landscape. Whether the split will be successful in unlocking value and improving
the company's fortunes remains to be seen.

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