Tranducers 2

Transducer Types, Ideal Characteristics and Its
Applications
There are various electrical and electronic components are used to build the circuits and
projects for engineering students. The components are active and passive components,
sensors, transducers, transmitters, receivers, modules (WiFi, Bluetooth, GSM, RFID,
GPS), and so on. In general, the process of transduction involves the conversion of one
form of energy into another form. This process mainly includes a sensing element to
sense the input energy and then converting it into another form by a transduction ele-
ment. Measurand tells the property, quantity or state that the transducer looks to trans-
late into an electrical output. Here, this article discusses what is a transducer, trans-
ducer types, and applications of the transducer.
What is a Transducer?
A transducer is an electrical device that is used to convert one form of energy into
another form. In general, these devices deal with different types of energies such as
mechanical, electrical energy, light energy, chemical energy, thermal energy, acoustic
energy, electromagnetic energy, and so on.
Transducer
For instance, consider a mic we use in daily life in telephones, mobile phones, that con-
verts the sound into electrical signals and then amplifies it into the preferred range.
Then, alters the electrical signals into audio signals at the o/p of the loudspeaker. Nowa-
days, fluorescent bulbs are used for lighting, changes the electrical energy into light
energy.
The best examples of the transducer are mic, fluorescent bulb, and the speaker can be
considered as a transducer. Likewise, there are different kinds of transducers used in
electrical and electronic projects.
Transducer Types and Its Applications

There are a variety of transducer types like pressure transducer, piezoelectric transducer,
ultrasonic transducer, temperature transducer, and so on. Let us discuss the use of dif-
ferent types of transducers in practical applications.
Transducer Types
Some transducer types like active transducer and passive transducers are based on
whether a power source is required or not.
Active transducer doesn’t require any power source for their operations. These transduc-
ers work on the principle of energy conversion. They generate an electrical signal that is
proportional to the i/p. The best example of this transducer is thermocouple. Whereas
passive transducer requires an external power source for their operation. They generate
an o/p in the form of capacitance, resistance. Then that has to be converted to an equiva-
lent voltage or current signal. The best example of a passive transducer is a photocell.
Piezoelectric Transducer
A piezoelectric transducer is a special kind of sensor, and the main function of this trans-
ducer is to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. In the same way, electrical
energy can be transformed into mechanical energy.
Piezoelectric Transducer
Piezoelectric Transducer Applications
• This transducer is mainly used to detect the sticks drummer’s impact on

electronic drum pads. And also used to detect the movement of the muscle,
which can be named as acceleromyography.
• The load of the engine can be determined by calculating diverse absolute
pressure, that can be done by using these transducers as the MAP sensor in fuel
injection systems.
• This sensor can be used as a knock sensor in automotive engine management
systems for noticing knock of the engine.
Pressure Transducer
A pressure transducer is a special kind of sensor that alters the pressure forced into elec-
trical signals. These transducers are also called as pressure indicators, manometers, pie-
zometers, transmitters, and pressure sensors.
Pressure Transducer
Application of Pressure Transducer
The pressure transducer is used to measure the pressure of the specific quantity like gas
or liquid by changing the pressure into electrical energy. The different kinds of these
transducers like an amplified voltage transducer, strain-gage base pressure transducer,
millivolt (mv) pressure transducer, 4-20mA pressure transducer, and pressure trans-
ducer.
The applications of pressure transducer mainly involve in altitude sensing, pressure

sensing, level or depth sensing, flow sensing, and leak testing. These transducers can be
used for generating an electrical power under the speed breakers on the highways or
roads where the force of the vehicles can be converted into electrical energy.
Temperature Transducer
Temperature transducer is an electrical device that is used to convert the temperature of

a device into another quantity like electrical energy or pressure or mechanical energy,
then the quantity will be sent to the control device for controlling the temperature of the
device.
Temperature Transducer
Application of Temperature Transducer
Temperature transducer is used to measure the temperature of the air such that to con-
trol the temperature of several control systems like air-conditioning, heating, ventila-
tion, and so on.
Arduino based automatic fan speed regulator controlling of temperature Block
Diagram
Let us consider a practical example of a temperature transducer that is used to control

the temperature of any device based on the necessity for different industrial applica-
tions. An Arduino based automatic fan speed regulator controlling of temperature and
exhibiting a measure of temperature on an LCD display.
In the proposed system, IC LM35 is used as a temperature transducer. An Arduino board

is used to control the various functions that include analog to digital conversion and an
LCD display that is connected in the above fig.
Practical Application of Temperature Transducer
The temperature can be fixed by using settings like INC and DEC for increasing and
decreasing. Based on the temperature measured a pulse width modulation o/p will be
generated by the program of an Arduino board. The output of this is used to control the
DC fan through the motor driver IC.
Ultrasonic Transducer
The main function of the ultrasound transducer is to convert electrical signals to ultra-
sound waves. This transducer can also be called as capacitive or piezoelectric transduc-
ers.
Ultrasonic Transducer
Application of Ultrasonic Transducer
This transducer can be used to measure the distance of the sound based on reflection.
This measurement is based on a suitable method compared to the straight methods
which use different measuring scales. The areas which are hard to find, such as pressure
areas, very high temperature, using conventional methods the measurement of the dis-
tance is not a simple task. So, this transducer-based measuring system can be used in
this kind of zone.
Application of Ultrasonic Transducer Projects kit
The proposed system uses 8051 microcontrollers, power supplies, an ultrasonic trans-
ducer module that includes of transmitter and receiver, LCD display blocks are used
which are shown in the above block diagram.
Here, if any obstacle or any object is found that is detected by ultrasonic transducer then
it transmits the waves and gets reflected back from the object and these waves are
received by the transducer. The time consumed by the transducer for transmitting &
receiving the waves can be noted by considering the velocity of sound. Then, based on
the sound velocity and a pre-programmed microcontroller is performed such that the dis-
tance is measured and displayed on an LCD display. Here, the display is interfaced with a
microcontroller. The ultrasonic transducer produces 40kHz frequency waves.
Transducer Characteristics
The characteristics of a transducer are given below that are determined by examining
the o/p response of a transducer to a variety of i/p signals. Test conditions create defi-
nite operating conditions as closely as possible. The methods of computational and
standard statistical can be applied to the test data.
• Accuracy
• Precision
• Resolution
• Sensitivity
• Drift
• Linearity
• Conformance
• Span
• Hysteresis
• Distortion
• Noise
Thus, this is all about different types of transducers used in several electrical and elec-
tronics projects. Are you fascinated by implementing projects by using transducers?
Then, please give your suggestions by commenting in the comment section below. Here is
a question for you, what is the main function of the transducer?

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Transducer Types, Ideal Characteristics and Its

Transducer Types and Its Applications

Piezoelectric Transducer Applications

• This transducer is mainly used to detect the sticks drummer’s impact on

Application of Pressure Transducer

The applications of pressure transducer mainly involve in altitude sensing, pressure

Temperature transducer is an electrical device that is used to convert the temperature of

Application of Temperature Transducer

Let us consider a practical example of a temperature transducer that is used to control

In the proposed system, IC LM35 is used as a temperature transducer. An Arduino board

Application of Ultrasonic Transducer

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