Important Questions for Class 10

Maths
Chapter 13 - Surface Areas and Volumes

Problems Based on Conversion of Solids

1. A solid is in the form of a right circular cone mounted on a hemisphere. The

radius of the hemisphere is 3.5 cm and the height of the cone is 4 cm. The
solid is placed in a cylindrical tub, full of water, in such a way that the whole
solid is submerged in water. If the radius of the cylindrical tub is 5 cm and
its height is 10.5 cm, find the volume of water left in the cylindrical tub. Use
22
 .
7
Ans: Given, radius of cylinder is 5cm and its height is 10.5cm .

Volume of cylinder is   5  10.5  262.5

2

Given, radius of hemisphere is 3.5cm .

2
  3.5  28.6
3
Volume of hemisphere is
3

1
  3.5 4  16.34
2
Volume of cone is
3

Volume of water left in the cylinder is

 262.5  28.6  16.34
 217.56

22 3
 217.56  cm
7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 1

 683.8cm3

Therefore, volume of water to left in cylindrical tub is 683.8cm3 .

2. A bucket of height 8 cm and made up of copper sheet is in the form of

frustum of right circular cone with radii of its lower and upper ends as 3 cm
and 9 cm respectively. Calculate

i. The height of the cone of which the bucket is a part

Ans: Given the radii of lower and upper ends of a frustum cone are 3 cm and 9 cm.

r1  9cm and r2  3cm

Height  8cm

Let h 1 be the height of the cone of which the bucket is the part.

We get

hr1
 h1 
r1  r2

8 9
 h1 
93

72
 h1 
6
 h1  12cm

ii. The volume of water which can be filled in the bucket

Ans: Given the radii of lower and upper ends of a frustum cone are 3 cm and 9 cm.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 2

r1  9cm and r2  3cm

Height  8cm

Now, volume of water which can be filled in the bucket is

1
 h  r12  r22  r1r2 
3

1
   8 92  32  9  3
3

1
   881  9  27
3

1
   8  117
3

 312 cm3

Therefore, volume of water which can be filled in the bucket is 312 cm3 .

iii. The area of copper sheet required to make the bucket (Leave the answer in
terms of  .

Ans: Given the radii of lower and upper ends of a frustum cone are 3 cm and 9 cm.

r1  9cm and r2  3cm

Height  8cm

Area of copper sheet required to make the bucket is equal to the surface area of
bucket.

Surface area of bucket    r1  r2  l  r22

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 3

 Surface area    r1  r2   r1  r2   h 2  r22
2

 Surface area    9  3  9  3  82    3 
2 2

 Surface area  12 36  64   9

 Surface area  120  9

Surface area  129 cm2

3. A sphere and a cube have equal surface areas. Show that the ratio of the
volume of the sphere to that of the cube is 6: .

Ans: Given that a sphere and cube have equal surface areas.

We get

 4r 2  6a 2

6a 2
r
4

Now, ratio of the volumes is

4 3
r
V1 3
  3
V2 a
3
4  6a 2 
 
V1 3  4 
 
V2 a3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 4

 3
4  6 
  a3  
V1 3  4 
 
V2 a3
3
V 4  6 
 1   
V2 3  4 

3
V 4  6
 1   
V2 3  23   

3
V 1  6
 1  
V2 3  2   

3
V   6 2
 1  
V2 6   

V1 6
 
V2 

Therefore, the volume of the sphere to that of the cube is 6: .

4. A right triangle, whose sides are 15 cm and 20 cm is made to revolve about

its hypotenuse. Find the volume and surface area of the double cone so
formed.

Ans: Given the sides of triangle are 15 cm and 20 cm.

Hypotenuse of triangle is BC  152  202  25cm

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 5

From figure,

By Pythagoras theorem, in OAB ,

We get

15   OB   OA 
2 2 2

  OA   225   OB …….(1)

2 2

By Pythagoras theorem, in OAC ,

We get

 OA   400   25  OB ….(2)

2 2

From eq. (1) and (2), we get

 225   OB  400   25  OB

2 2

 225   OB  400  625   OB  50  OB

2 2

 225  400  625  50  OB

 225  225  50  OB

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 6

 450
 OB 
50
 OB  9cm height of cone

Now, from eq. (1), We get

  OA   225  81
2

  OA   144
2

OA  12cm radius of cone

Now, volume of double cone is given as

1 1
  12  16    12   9 
2 2

3 3

1 1
  3.14  144  16   3.14  144  9
3 3

1
  3.14  14416  9
3

1
  3.14  144  25
3

 Volume  3768cm3
Surface area of double cone is given as
 12 15  12  20

 12 15  20 

 3.14 12  35

surface area  1318.8cm2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 7

5. Water in a canal 30dm wide and 12dm deep is flowing with a velocity of
10km / h . How much area will it irrigate in 30 minutes if 8cm of standing
water is required for irrigation?

Ans: Given the width of canal is 30dm  3m and

Depth of canal is 12dm  1.2m

Velocity of water is 10km / h  10000m / h .

1
Length of water column formed in 30 minutes is 10000   5000m
2
Let x be the area to be irrigated.

We get

8
 x  5000  1.2  3
100

8
 x  18000
100

18000  100
x
8

 x  225000m2

Therefore, 225000m2 area will be irrigated.

6. A cylindrical vessel of diameter 14cm and height 42cm is fixed

symmetrically inside a similar vessel of diameter 16cm and height 42cm .
The total space between two vessels is filled with cork dust for heat insulation
purposes. How many cubic centimeters of cork dust will be required?

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 8

Ans: Given the diameter of cylindrical vessel is 14cm and height 42cm .

So the radius is r  7cm

Also given the diameter of another vessel is 16cm and height 42cm .

So the radius is R  8cm

Volume of cork dust required is

 R 2h  r 2h

 h  R 2  r 2 

 42  82  7 2 

22
 42   64  49 
7

22
 42   15
7

 1980cm3

Therefore, the volume of cork dust required is 1980cm3 .

7. A building is in the form of a cylinder surrounded by a hemispherical vaulted

19
dome and contains 41 cu m of air. If the internal diameter of the building
21
is equal to its total height above the floor, find the height of the building.

19
Ans: Given the volume of building is 41 m3 .
21
We get

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 9

 2 19
 r 2  r  r 3  41
3 21

2 880
 r 3  r 3 
3 21

5 880
 r 3 
3 21

880 7 3
 r3   
21 22 5

 r3  8
 r  2cm
Since internal diameter of the building is equal to its total height above the floor.

Therefore, the height of building is 4cm .

8. The height of the Cone is 30 cm. A small cone is cut of f at the top by a plane
1
parallel to its base if its volume be of the volume of the given cone at what
27
height above the base is the section cut.

Ans:

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 10

From the figure,

VO'B VOB
We get

H R
 
h r
30 R
  ….. (1)
h r
1
Volume of cone VA'B'   Volume of VAB
27

1 1 1 
 r 2 h   R 2H 
3 27  3 

 h 3  1000
 h  10cm

Therefore, height at which section is made  30  10   20cm .

9. A hollow cone is cut by a plane parallel to the base and the upper portion is
8
removed. If the curved surface of the remainder is th of the curved surface
9
of the whole cone, find the ratio of the line segments into which the cone’s
altitude is divided by the plane.

Ans: From the figure,

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 11

VO'B VOB
We get

H R l
  
h r L
We get

8
CSA of frustum   CSA of cone 
9

 R  r  L  l  8
  
 R  L  9

 r  l 8
 1  1   
 R  L  9

 h  h 8
 1  1   
 H  H  9

On simplifying we get
2
h 8
1    
2

H 9

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 12

 h2 8
 2 1
H 9

h2 1
 2
H 9
h 1
 
H 3
 H  3h

h 1
Therefore, required ratio will be  .
Hh 2

10. Two right circular cones X and Y are made X having 3 times the radius
of Y and Y having half the Volume of X . Calculate the ratio of heights of
X and Y .
Ans: Let the radius of cone Y  r

Radius of cone X  3r

Let h 1 be the height of cone Y and h 2 be the height of cone X.

Volume of Y having half the Volume of X .

We get
 Volume of Y  Volume of X

1 11 
 r 2 h1     3r  h 2 
2

3 23 

 r 2h1 
2
9r h 2 
1 2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 13

 1
 h1   9h 2 
2
h1 9
 
h2 2

Therefore, the ratio of heights of X and Y is 2 : 9 .

11. If the areas of three adjacent faces of cuboid are x,y,z respectively, Find
the volume of the cuboids.

Ans: Given the areas of faces of cuboid are x, y,z .

Let lb  x,bh  y,hl  z

Volume of cuboid is lbh .

We get

 V 2  l2 b 2 h 2

 V2  xyz

 V  xyz

Therefore, volume of cuboids is xyz .

12. A shuttle cock used for playing badminton has the shape of a frustum of a
cone mounted on a hemisphere. The external diameter of the frustum is 5
cm and 2 cm. The height of the entire shuttle cock is 7 cm. Find the external
surface area.

Ans: Given the diameters of frustum of cone are 5 cm and 2 cm.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 14

So, radiuses are r1  1cm and r2  2.5cm

And height of shuttle cock is 7cm . So height of cone is h  7  1  6cm

External surface area of shuttle cock is equal to the sum of curved surface area of
cone and surface area of hemisphere.

We get

External surface area    r1  r2  l  2r12

   2.5  1 h 2   r1  r2   2  1
2

   3.5 62  1  2.5  2
2

   3.5 36  2.25  2

   3.5 38.5  2

   3.5 6.18  2

 21.63  2
 23.63

22
 23.63 
7

 74.26cm2

External surface area of shuttle cock is 74.26cm2 .

13. A conical vessel of radius 6cm and height 8cm is completely filled with
water. A sphere is lowered into the water and its size is such that when it

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 15

 touches the sides, it is just immersed as shown in the figure. What fraction
of water flows out?

Ans: let r be the radius of sphere.

By similarity property of triangles, we get

8r r
 
10 6
 48  6r  10r
 48  10r  6r
 16r  48
 r  3cm
Now, fraction of water flows out will be

Volume of sphere
 Fraction of water overflows 
Volume of cone

4 3
r
 Fraction of water overflows  3
1 2
r h
3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 16

 4
  3
3

 Fraction of water overflows  3

1
 6 8
2

4  3 
3

 Fraction of water overflows 

  6 8
2

4  3  3  3
 Fraction of water overflows 
6  6  8

3
 Fraction of water overflows 
8

3
Therefore, fraction of water flows out.
8

14. A golf ball has a diameter equal to 4.1 cm. Its surface has 150 dimples each
of radius 2 mm. Calculate the total surface area which is exposed to the
surroundings assuming that the dimples are hemispherical.

Ans: Given the diameter of golf ball is 4.1cm

 4.1 
So the radius of golf ball is   cm
 2 

Surface area of ball is 4r 2 .

We get
2
 4.1 
 4    16.8 cm
2

 2 

Total surface area which is exposed to the surrounding will be

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 17

 SA of ball  150  r 2  150  2r 2

 16.8  150  r 2  150  2r 2

2
 4.1 
 16.8  3.14  150  3.14  
 2 

 71.68cm2

Therefore, the total surface area exposed to the surrounding is 71.68cm2 .

15. A solid metallic circular cone 20cm height with vertical angle 60 is cut into
two parts at the middle point of its height by a plane parallel to the base. If
1
the frustum, so obtained be drawn into a wire of diameter cm. Find the
16
length of the wire.

Ans: Let r1 and r2 be the radii of lower and upper ends of a frustum cone.

We get

r1
  tan 30
20
Then,

20 10
r1  cm and r2  cm
3 3

Height  20cm

Now, volume of frustum is

1  20 2  10  2 20 10 
   10       
3  3   3  3 3 

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 18

 1  400 100 200 
   10   
3  3 3 3 

Since the frustum is drawn in to wire so the volumes of both are equal.

Let l be the length of wire.

We get
2
1  400 100 200   1 
   10         l
3  3 3 3   32 

1 700 1
  10   l
3 3 1024

10  1024  700
l
9

7168000
l
9
l  796444.4cm  7964.4m
Therefore, the length of wire is 7964.4m .

16. The lower portion of a hay stack is an inverted cone frustum and the upper
part is a cone finds the total volume of the hay stack.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 19

Ans: Let r1 and r2 be the radii of lower and upper ends of a frustum cone.

We get

r1  3cm and r2  2cm

7
Height  cm
2
Now, volume of frustum is

1 7
   32  22  3  2
3 2

1 7
   9  4  6
3 2

1 7
    19
3 2

 22.16 cm3

1
  3  7  21 cm3
2
Volume of cone is
3

Now, volume of haystack is equal to the sum of volumes of cone and frustum.

We get
 Total volume  21  22.16

22
 Total volume  43.16 
7

 Total volume  135.67cm3

Therefore, the volume of haystack is 135.67cm3 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 20

17. A vessel in shape of an inverted cone is surmounted by a cylinder has a
common radius of 7cm this was filled with liquid till it covered one third
the height of the cylinder. If the height of each part is 9cm and the vessel is
turned upside down. Find the volume of the liquid and to what height will
it reach in the cylindrical part.

Ans: Given the radius of cone and cylinder are equal.

So, r  7cm (for both cylinder and cone)

And h  9cm (for both cylinder and cone)

Liquid is filled one third height of the cylinder.

9
Height of liquid in cylinder is  3cm
3

Now, volume of liquid is equal to the sum of volume of cone and volume of cylinder
from where liquid is filled.

We get

1
 V l    7   9    7   3
2 2

1
 V l    49  9    49  3
3

 Vl  147  147

 V l  294 cm3

Since the vessel turned upside down

The height of cylindrical part is

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 21

 294
  6cm
49
Therefore, liquid reach 6cm high in the cylindrical part.

Very Short Answer Questions 1 Mark

1. A metallic sphere of radius 10.5cm is melted and then recast into small cones
each of radius 3.5cm and height 3cm , the number of such cones is

(a) 63
(b) 126
(c) 21
(d) 130
Ans: Given metallic sphere is melted and recast into small cones.

Volume of sphere
 Number of cones 
Volume of cone

4 3
r
 Number of cones  3
1 2
R h
3

4 10.5
3

 Number of cones 
 3.5 3
2

4630.5
 Number of cones 
36.75
 Number of cones  126
Therefore, option (b) is correct answer.
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 22
2. A solid sphere of radius r is melted and cast into the shape of a solid cone of
height r , the radius of the base of the cone is

(a) 2r
(b) 3r

(c) r
(d) 4r
Ans: Let R be the radius of the base of the cone.

Solid sphere is melted and recast into the shape of solid cone.

So volumes of both are equal.

We get

1 4
 R 2 h  r 3
3 3

1 4
 R 2  r  r 3
3 3

 R 2  4r 2

R  2r
Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

3. During conversion of a solid from one shape to another, the volume of new
shape will

(a) Increase

(b) Decrease

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 23

(c) Remain unaltered

(d) Be doubled

Ans: (c) Remain unaltered

4. A right circular cylinder of radius r cm and height h cm  h  2r  just

encloses a sphere of diameter

(a) r cm

(b) 2r cm

(c) h cm

(d) 2h cm

Ans: Diameter of sphere is equal to the diameter of base of the cylinder. Given that
the radius of cylinder is r so the diameter of sphere will be 2r cm .

Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

5. A solid sphere of radius r is melted and cast into the shape of a solid cone of
height r , the radius of the base of the cone is

(a) 2r
(b) 3r

(c) r
(d) 4r
Ans: Let R be the radius of the base of the cone.

Solid sphere is melted and recast into the shape of solid cone.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 24

So volumes of both are equal.

We get

1 4
 R 2 h  r 3
3 3

1 4
 R 2  r  r 3
3 3

 R 2  4r 2
R  2r
Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

6. A reservoir is in the shape of a frustum of a right circular cone. It is 8 m

across at the top and 4 m across at the bottom. If it is 6 m deep, then its
capacity is

(a) 176m3

(b) 196m3

(c) 200m 3

(d) 110m3
Ans: Given a reservoir is in the shape of a frustum of a cone.

1
So the volume of reservoir is h  r12  r22  r1r2 
3

1 22
   6  42  22  4  2 
3 7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 25

 1 22
   616  4  8
3 7

1 22
   6  28
3 7
 22  2  4

 176m3
Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

7. A cone of height 24 cm and radius of base 6 cm is made up of modeling clay.

A child reshapes it in the form of a sphere, the radius of the sphere is

(a) 5 cm

(b) 6 cm

(c) 8 cm

(d) 12 cm

Ans: Let R be the radius of the sphere.

Cone is molded and recast into the shape of sphere.

So volumes of both are equal.

We get

1 4
 r 2 h  R 3
3 3

1 4
   6   24  R 3
2

3 3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 26

 36  24  4R 3

 9  24  R 3

 R 3  216
R  6
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

8. A circular tent is cylindrical to a height of 4 m and conical above it. If its

diameter is 210 m and its slant height is 40 m. The total area of the canvas
required in m 2 is

(a) 1760
(b) 15840

(c) 3960
(d) 7960
Ans: Total surface area of the canvas required is the sum of curved surface area the
cylindrical part and curved surface area of conical cap.

We get,
TSA  2rh  rl
 TSA  2105  4  105  40
 TSA  840  4200
 TSA  5040

22
 TSA  5040 
7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 27

 TSA  15840m2
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

9. The radii of the ends of a bucket 30 cm high are 21 cm and 7 cm. then its
capacity in litres is

(a) 19.02

(b) 20.02
(c) 21.02

(d) 19.08
Ans: Capacity of bucket is equal to the volume of bucket, we get

1
 h  r12  r22  r1r2 
3

1
   30  212  7 2  21 7 
3

1
   30 441  49  147 
3

1
   30  637
3

22
  6370cm3
7

 20020cm3  20.02liters
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 28

10. A solid is hemispherical at the bottom and conical above it. The surface
areas of the two parts are equal, then the ratio of its radius and the height
of its conical part is

(a) 1: 3

(b) 1: 3

(c) 1 :1

(d) 3 :1
Ans: Given that surface areas of hemispherical part and conical part are equal.

We get

 2r 2  rl
 2r  l

 2r  r 2  h 2

 4r 2  r 2  h 2

 3r 2  h 2

r2 1
 
h2 3
r 1
 
h 3

 r : h  1: 3
Therefore, (b) is the correct answer.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 29

11. The diameter of a sphere is 6 cm. It is melted and drawn into a wire of
diameter 2 cm. The length of the wire is

(a) 12 cm

(b) 18 cm

(c) 36 cm

(d) 66 cm

Ans: Given diameter of a sphere is 6 cm.

6
So, radius of sphere r   3cm
2
Since volume of sphere is equal to the volume of wire.

We get

4
 r 3  r 2 h
3

4 3
  3  1 h
2

4
  3 3 3  h
3
 h  36cm
Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.

12. If the radii of the circular ends of a bucket of height 40 cm are 35 cm and
14 cm. Then volume of the bucket in cubic centimeters is
(a) 60060

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 30

(b) 80080

(c) 70040
(d) 80760
Ans: The volume of bucket is

1
 h  r12  r22  r1r2 
3

1
   40 352  142  35  14
3

1
   401225  196  490
3

1
   40  1911
3

22
  40  637cm3
7

 80080cm3
Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

13. The diameter of a metallic sphere is 6 cm. It is melted and drawn into a
wire of diameter of the cross-section 0.2 cm, then the length of wire is

(a) 12m
(b) 18m

(c) 36m
(d) 66m

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 31

Ans: Given diameter of a sphere is 6 cm.

6
So, radius of sphere r   3cm
2
Since volume of sphere is equal to the volume of wire.

We get

4
 r 3  r 2 h
3

4 3
  3   0.1 h
2

4
  3  3  3  0.01h
3
 h  3600cm  36m
Therefore, option (c) is the correct answer.

14. The ratio between the volumes of two spheres is 8 : 27 . What is the ratio
between their surface areas?

(a) 2 : 3

(b) 4 : 5

(c) 5 : 6

(d) 4 : 9
Ans: Given that

V1 8
 
V2 27

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 32

 4 3
r1
3 8
 
4 3 27
r2
3

r1 2
 
r2 3

S1 4r12
Thus, 
S2 4r12

S1 r12
 
S2 r12

S1 4
 
S2 9

Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

15. A hollow cube of internal edge 22 cm is filled with spherical marbles of

1
diameter 0.5 cm and it is assumed that space of the cube remains unfilled.
8
Then the number of marbles that the cube can accommodate is

(a) 142296

(b) 142396

(c) 142496
(d) 142596

space of cube occupied by marbles

Ans:  Number of marbles 
Volume of each marble

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 33

 1
l3  l3
 Number of marbles  8
4 3
r
3

1
 22   22 

3 3

 Number of marbles  8
3
4  0.5 
 
3  2 

1
10648   10648
 Number of marbles  8
3
4 1
 
3 4

10648  1331
 Number of marbles 
4 22 1 1 1
   
3 7 4 4 4
9317
 Number of marbles 
22
336
336
 Number of marbles   9317
22
 Number of marbles  142296
Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.

16. A solid is hemispherical at the bottom and conical above it. The surface
areas of the two parts are equal, then the ratio of its radius and the height
of its conical part is

(a) 1: 3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 34

(b) 1: 3

(c) 1 :1

(d) 3 :1
Ans: Given that surface areas of hemispherical part and conical part are equal.

We get

 2r 2  rl
 2r  l

 2r  r 2  h 2

 4r 2  r 2  h 2

 3r 2  h 2

r2 1
 2
h 3
r 1
 
h 3

 r : h  1: 3
Therefore, (b) is the correct answer.

Short Answer Questions 2 Marks

22
Unless stated otherwise, take   .
7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 35

1. 2 cubes each of volume 64cm3 are joined end to end. Find the surface area
of the resulting cuboid.

Ans: Abbreviation: CSA = Curved Surface Area TSA = Total Surface Area

V = Volume

We know that the volume of cube is given by  side 

3

Now, as given in the question,  side   64

3

We can write

  side   43
3

 side  4cm
So, for the resulting cuboid,

length  l   4  4  8cm

breadth  b   4cm

height  h   4cm

Now, surface area of resulting cuboid  2  lb  bh  hl 

Substituting values, we get

 surface area  2 8  4  4  4  4  8

 surface area  2  32  16  32 

 surface area  2  80

surface area  160cm2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 36

2. A solid is in the shape of a cone standing on a hemisphere with both their
radii being equal to 1 cm and the height of the cone is equal to its radius.
Find the volume of the solid in terms of  .

Ans: Abbreviation: CSA = Curved Surface Area, TSA = Total Surface Area,

V = Volume

For hemisphere, Radius r  1cm

2
Volume  r 3
3

2
 Volume   1
3

2
 Volume   cm3
3
For cone, Radius of the base r  1cm and height r  1cm

1
So, Volume  r 2 h
3

1
 Volume   1  1
2

1
 Volume   cm3
3
 Volume of the solid  Volume of hemisphere  Volume of cone

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 37

 2 1
 Volume of the solid    
3 3

 Volume of the solid  cm3

3. A pen stand made of wood is in the shape of a cuboid with four conical
depressions to hold pens. The dimensions of the cuboid are 15 cm by 10 cm
by 3.5 cm. The radius of each of the depressions is 0.5 cm and the depth is
1.4 cm. Find the volume of wood in the entire stand (see figure).

Ans: We know that volume of the cuboid  l  b  h

Given dimensions of the cuboid are 15cm 10cm  3.5cm

So the volume of cuboid is

 15 10  3.5

 525cm3

1
Now, volume of conical depression  r 2 h
3

1 22
 Volume    0.5  0.5  1.4
3 7

11 3
 Volume  cm
30

11
Now, volume of four conical depressions  4   1.47cm3
30

 Volume of the wood in the entire stand  525  1.47  523.53cm3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 38

4. A metallic sphere of radius 4.2 cm is melted and recast into the shape of a
cylinder of radius 6 cm. Find the height of the cylinder.

Ans: Abbreviation: CSA = Curved Surface Area TSA = Total Surface Area

V = Volume

For sphere, Radius r  4.2cm

4
So, Volume  r 3
3
4
 Volume    4.2  cm3
3

3
For cylinder, Radius R  6cm

Let the height of the cylinder be H cm.

Then, Volume of cylinder is R 2H

 Volume    6  H cm3
2

Now, as given in the question, Volume of sphere =Volume of cylinder

So, we get

4
 r 3  R 2 H
3

4
   4.2     6  H
3 2

4  4.2 
3

H
3 6 
2

 H  2.74cm
Therefore, the height of cylinder is 2.74cm .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 39

5. Metallic spheres of radii 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm respectively are melted to
form a single solid sphere. Find the radius of the resulting sphere.

Ans: Let the radius of resulting sphere be r cm .

As given in the question three metallic spheres melted and formed a single solid
sphere.

So volume of resulting sphere is equal to the sum of volume of three spheres.

We get

4 4 4 4
 r 3    6    8    10 
3 3 3

3 3 3 3

 r 3   6   8  10 
3 3 3

 r 3  216  512  1000

 r 3  1728
 r  12cm
Therefore, radius of resulting sphere is 12cm .

6. A 20 m deep well with diameter 7 m is dug and the earth from digging is
evenly spread out to form a platform 22 m by 14 m. Find the height of the
platform.

Ans: Given, Diameter of well  7m

7
So, the radius of well r  m
2
And Depth of earth dug h  20m

Given, the earth from digging is evenly spread out.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 40

So, Length of platform l  22m , and Breadth of platform b  14m

Let height of the platform be h

So, according to question,

Volume of earth dug =Volume of platform

We get,

 r 2h  l  b  h

22 7 7
    22  14  h
7 2 2

22  7  7
h
7  2  2  22  14
 h  2.5cm
Therefore, the height of platform is 2.5cm .

7. A well of diameter 3 m is dug 14 m deep. The earth taken out of it has been
spread evenly all around it in the shape of a circular ring of width 4 m to
form an embankment. Find the height of the embankment.

Ans: Given, Diameter of well  7m

7
So, the radius of well r  m
2
And Depth of earth dug h  20m

Given, the earth from digging is evenly spread out.

So, Length of platform l  22m , and Breadth of platform b  14m

Let height of the platform be h

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 41

So, according to question,

Volume of earth dug =Volume of platform

We get,

 r 2h  l  b  h

22 7 7
    22  14  h
7 2 2

22  7  7
h
7  2  2  22  14
 h  2.5cm
Therefore, the height of embankment is 2.5cm .

8. A container shaped like a right circular cylinder having diameter 12 cm and

height 15 cm is full of ice cream. The ice cream is to be filled into cones of
height 12 cm and diameter 6 cm, having a hemispherical shape on the top.
Find the number of such cones which can be filled with ice cream.

Ans: For right circular cylinder, given the diameter  12cm

So, radius  6cm and height  15cm

For cone, given the diameter  6cm

So, radius  3cm and height  15cm

Let n cones be filled with ice cream.

Then, according to question,

Volume of n cones =Volume of right circular cylinder

We get

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 42

 1
 n r 2 h  r 2h
3

1 22 22
 n    3  12    6   15
2 2

3 7 7

6  6  15  3
n
3  3  12
 n  15
Therefore, 15 cones will be filled with ice-cream.

9. How many silver coins, 1.75 cm in diameter and of thickness 2 mm, must be
melted to form a cuboid of dimensions 5.5cm  10cm  3.5cm ?

Ans: Given,

1.75
For silver coin, diameter is 1.75cm so radius is cm
2
1
Thickness/height  2mm  cm
5

For cuboid, dimensions are 5.5cm 10cm  3.5cm

As given in the question silver coins are melted and formed a cuboid.

So the volume of coins is equal to the volume of cuboid.

Let number of silver coins is n .

We get

 n  r 2h  l  b  h

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 43

 2
22  7  1
 n      5.5  10  3.5
7 8 5

22 49 1
 n    5.5  10  3.5
7 64 5

5.5  10  3.5  7  64  5
n
22  49
 n  400
Therefore, 400 silver coins must be melted.

10. A drinking glass is in the shape of a frustum of a cone of height 14 cm. The
diameters of its two circular ends are 4 cm and 2 cm. Find the capacity of
the glass.

Ans: Abbreviation: CSA = Curved Surface Area

TSA = Total Surface Area

V = Volume

Given the diameter of two ends of a frustum cone are 4 cm and 2 cm.

So the radiuses are

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 44

r1  1cm and r2  2cm

Height  14cm

Now, capacity of glass is

h 2 2
  r1  r2  r1r2 
3 

22 14 2
  1  22  2
7 3

44
 1  4  2
3

44
 7
3

308

3

2
 Capacity of glass  102
3

11. The slant height of a frustum of a cone is 4 cm and the perimeters

(circumference) of its circular ends are 18 cm and 6 cm. Find the curved
surface area of the frustum.

Ans: Let r1 and r2 be the radii of the ends of the frustum of the cone.

Slant height of cone is l  4cm

Given the circumference of circular ends are 18cm and 6cm .

We get

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 45

 2r1  18cm

 r1  9cm and

 2r2  6cm

 r2  3cm

Curved surface area of frustum is    r1  r2  l

 Curved surface area   r1  r2  l

 Curved surface area   9  3 4

Curved surface area  48cm2

12. A fez, the cap used by the Turks, is shaped like the frustum of a cone (see
figure). If its radius on the open side is 10 cm, radius at the upper base is 4
cm and its slant height is 15 cm, find the area of material used for making
it.

Ans: Given the radiuses of two ends of a frustum cone are 10 cm and 4 cm.

So the radiuses are

r1  10cm and r2  4cm

Height l  15cm

Surface area    r1  r2  l  r22

22 22
 Surface area   10  4   15    4 
2

7 7

352
 Surface area  660 
7
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 46
 4972
 Surface area 
7

2
Surface area  710 cm2
7

13. A container, opened from the top and made up of a metal sheet, is in the
form of a frustum of a cone of height 16 cm with radii of its lower and upper
ends as 8 cm and 20 cm respectively. Find the total cost of milk which can
completely fill the container at the rate of Rs. 20 per liter. Also find the cost
of metal sheet used to make the container, if it costs Rs. 8 per 100cm2 .

Ans: Given the radiuses of two ends of a frustum cone are 8 cm and 20 cm.

So the radiuses are

r1  20cm and r2  8cm

Height  16cm

Now, volume of container is

1
 h  r12  r22  r1r2 
3

1
  3.14  16  202  82  20  8
3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 47

 1
  3.14  16 400  64  160
3

1
  3.14  16  624
3

 10449.92cm2  10.44992liters
Total cost of milk is 10.44992  20  208.8894

Cost of milk is Rs.209

Surface area    r1  r2  l  r22

 Surface area    r1  r2   r1  r2   h 2  r22

2

 Surface area  3.14  20  8   20  8  162  3.14  8 

2 2

 Surface area  3.14  28 144  256  3.14  64

 Surface area  1158  200.96

Surface area  1959.36cm2

Cost of metal sheet is 8 per 100cm2 .

8
Total cost of metal sheet is 1959.36   156.7488
100

Therefore, cost of metal sheet is Rs.156.75 .

14. A copper wire, 3 mm in diameter is wound about a cylinder whose length

is 12 cm and diameter 10 cm, so as to cover the curved surface of the
cylinder. Find the length and mass of the wire, assuming the density of
copper to be 8.88 g per cm3 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 48

Ans: Abbreviation: CSA = Curved Surface Area

TSA = Total Surface Area

V = Volume

Given the length of cylinder is 12cm , i.e. 120mm .

120
Number of rounds to cover 120mm is  40
3

Length of wire in completing one round is 2r  10cm

So, length of the wire in completing 40 rounds is 10 40  400cm

3 3
Radius of copper wire is mm  cm
2 20
2
 3 
Volume of wire is     400  .
 20 

 Volume  9 cm3

Given the density of copper is 8.88 g per cm3 .

Mass of wire is 9   3.14   8.88

2

 Mass  787.98g .

15. A right triangle, whose sides are 3 cm and 4 cm (other than hypotenuse) is
made to revolve about its hypotenuse. Find the volume and surface area of
the double cone so formed. (Choose value of  as found appropriate)

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 49

Ans: Given the sides of triangle are 3 cm and 4 cm.

Hypotenuse of triangle is 32  42  5cm

From figure,

 ADB CAB [ by AA similarity]

We get

AD AB
 
CA CB

AD 3
 
4 5

12
 AD  cm
5
Also,

DB AB
 
AB CB

DB 3
 
3 5

9
 DB  cm
5
From figure,
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 50
CD  BC  DB

9
 CD  5 
5

16
 CD  cm
5
Now, volume of double cone is given as
2 2
1  12   9  1  12   16 
         
3  5  5 3  5   5 
2 2
1  12   9  1  12   16 
  3.14       3.14    
3  5  5 3 5 5

 12  16  9 
2
1
  3.14   
3  5   5 

1 144
  3.14 
3 5

 Volume  30.14cm3
Surface area of double cone is given as

12 12
 3  4
5 5

12
 3  4
5

12
 3.14  7
5

surface area  52.75cm2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 51

16. A cistern, internally measuring 150cm  120cm  110cm has 129600cm3 of
water in it. Porous bricks are placed in the water until the cistern is full to
the brim. Each brick absorbs one-seventeenth of its own volume of water.
How many bricks can be put in without overflowing the water, each brick
being 22.5cm  7.5cm  6.5cm ?

Ans: Given, volume of water is 129600cm3 .

Volume of cistern is 150  120  110  1980000cm3

Now, volume of cistern to be filled is 1980000  129600  1850400cm3

Given the dimensions of a brick 22.5cm  7.5cm  6.5cm .

Volume of a brick is 22.5  7.5  6.5  1096.875cm3

Let n bricks absorbed water.

1096.875 3
Water absorbed by n bricks is n  cm
17

1850400  17
n
16  1096.875
 n  1792
Therefore, 1792 bricks absorbed the water.

17. In one fortnight of a given month, there was a rainfall of 10 cm in a river

valley. If the area of the valley is 97280km2 , show that the total rainfall was
approximately equivalent to the addition to the normal water of three rivers
each 1072km long, 75m wide and 3m deep.

Ans: Given the area of valley is 97280km2 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 52

 10
Volume of rainfall is 97280 
100  1000

Volume of rainfall is 9.728km3 .

75 3
Volume of three rivers is 3  1072  
1000 1000

So the volume of three rivers is 0.7236km3 .

Thus, 9.728km3  0.7236km3

Therefore, the two are not approximately equivalent.

18. An oil funnel made of tin sheet consists of a 10 cm long cylindrical portion
attached to a frustum of a cone. If the total height is 22 cm, diameter of the
cylindrical portion is 8 cm and the diameter of the top of the funnel is 18
cm, find the area of the tin sheet required to make the funnel.

Ans: Slant height of the frustum of the cone is l   r1  r2   h2 .

2

We get,
2
 18 8 
 l   22  10     
2

 2 2

 l  122  52

 l  169
 l  13cm
Then, area of tin sheet is equal to the sum of curved surface area of cylinder and
frustum.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 53

We get

 2  4 10     4  9 13

 80  169
 249

22
 249 
7

4
 782 cm 2
7

4
Therefore, area of tin shade is 782 cm 2 .
7

19. Determine the ratio of the volume of a cube to that of a sphere which with
exactly fit inside the cube.

Ans: Let the radius of the sphere which fits exactly into a cube be r units. Then
length of each edge of cube is 2r units.

Let V1 and V2 be the volumes of the cube and sphere

Then,

 V1   2r 
3

4
 V2  r 3
3
Then,

V1 8r 3
 
V2 4 r 3
3
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 54
 V1 6
 
V2 

Therefore, the ratio of volume of cube to that of sphere is V1 : V2  6 :  .

20. Find the maximum volume of a cone that can be carved out of a solid
hemisphere of radius r .

Ans: As cone is carved from a hemisphere

So, radius of cone is equal to the radius of hemisphere.

Also the height of cone is equal to the radius of hemisphere.

1
So, volume of cone  r 2  r
3
1
Therefore, volume of cone is r 3 .
3

21. The height of a right circular cone is 12 cm and the radius of its base is 4.5
cm. Find its slant height.

Ans: We know that slant height of cone is l  r 2  h 2

Given, r  4.5cm and h  12cm

Substitute values, we get

l  4.5  122

2

 l  20.25  144

 l  164.25

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 55

 l  12.816 approx

Therefore, slant height is approximately 12.816 cm.

22. How many balls, each of radius 1 cm, can be made from a solid sphere of
lead of radius 8 cm.

Ans: We know that

Volume of sphere of radius 8 cm

 Number of balls 
Volume of sphere of radius 1 cm

4
 8
3

 Number of balls  3
4
 1
3

3
 Number of balls  512
Therefore, 512 balls can be made.

23. A drinking glass is in the shape of a frustum of a cone of height 14 cm. The
diameter of its two circular ends is 4 cm and 2 cm. Find the capacity of the
 22 
glass.   
7 
.


Ans: Given the diameter of two ends of a frustum cone are 4 cm and 2 cm.

So the radiuses are

r1  1cm and r2  2cm

Height  14cm

Now, capacity of glass is

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 56
 h 2 2
  r1  r2  r1r2 
3 

22 14 2
  1  22  2
7 3

44
 1  4  2
3

44
 7
3

308

3
2
 Capacity of glass  102
3

24. The diameter of a sphere is 6 cm. It is melted and drawn into a wire of
diameter 2 cm. What is the length of wire?

Ans: Given diameter of a sphere is 6 cm.

6
So, radius of sphere r   3cm
2
4 3
We know that volume of sphere is r .
3

Substitute values, we get

4
 Volume    3
3

 Volume  36 cm3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 57

Let length of the wire is l cm

Given the diameter of wire is 2cm

So, radius of the wire R  1cm

Now, Volume of wire  R 2h

 Volume   1  l
2

 36   l
l  36cm
Therefore, length of wire is 36cm .

25. An iron pipe 20 cm long has exterior diameter equal to 25 cm. If the
thickness of the pipe is 1 cm. Find the whole surface area of the pipe.

Ans: Given exterior diameter of a pipe is 25 cm.

25
So exterior radius is R   12.5cm
2
Interior radius is r  12.5  1  11.5cm

Height h  20cm

So,

Total surface area of pipe is

 2  R  r  h  R  r 

Substitute values, we get

22
 2 12.5  11.5 20  12.5  11.5
7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 58

 22
 2  24  21
7

Total surface area  3168cm2

Therefore, whole surface area of pipe is 3168cm2 .

26. Find the ratio of the volumes of two circular cones. If r1 : r2  3 : 5 and
h1 : h 2  2 :1 .

Ans: Ratio of volumes of two cones is given by

1 2
r1 h1
 3
1 2
r2 h 2
3
2
r  h
 1  1
 r1  h 2

Substituting values, we get

2
3 2
  
5 1

9 2
 
25 1

18

25
Therefore, the ratio of volumes of two circular cones is 18: 25 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 59

27. A solid iron pole consists of a cylinder of height 110 cm and of base diameter
24 cm which is surmounted by a cone 9 cm high, find the mass of the pole.
 355 
Given that 1cm 3 of iron has 8g mass approx.    .
 113 

12
Ans: For cylinder radius r   6cm and height h  110cm
2
12
For cone radius r   6cm and height h  9cm
2
 Volume of pipe  volume of cylindrical portion  volume of cone

We get,

r 2h
 r h 
2

  6  9
2

   6   110 
2

 36 110  3

355
 36   113
113
 36  355

 volume of pipe  12780cm3

Given that 1cm3 of iron has 8g mass approx.

Mass of 12780cm3 iron is 12780  8  102240gm

Therefore, mass of pole is 102240gm .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 60

28. 2 cubes each of volume 64cm3 are joined end to end. Find the surface area
of the resulting cuboid.

Ans: Abbreviation: CSA = Curved Surface Area TSA = Total Surface Area

V = Volume

We know that the volume of cube is given by  side 

3

Now, as given in the question,  side   64

3

We can write

  side   43
3

 side  4cm
So, for the resulting cuboid,

length  l   4  4  8cm

breadth  b   4cm

height  h   4cm

Now, surface area of resulting cuboid  2  lb  bh  hl 

Substituting values, we get

 surface area  2 8  4  4  4  4  8

 surface area  2  32  16  32 

 surface area  2  80

surface area  160cm2

Therefore, surface area of resultant cuboid is 160cm2 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 61
29. Kuldeep made a bird bath for his garden in the shape of a cylinder with a
hemispherical depression at one end. The height of the cylinder is 1.45 cm
and its radius is 30 cm. Find the total surface area of the bird-bath.
 22 
   7 .
 

Ans: Let h be the height of cylinder and r be the common radius of the cylinder
and hemisphere.

We know that
Total surface area of bird bath  C.S.A. of cylinder  C.S.A. of hemisphere

Substituting values, we get

 2rh  2r 2

 2r  r  h 

22
 2  30 145  30  cm2
7

 33000cm2

Total surface area  3.3m2

30. A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is 8 cm and radius of
its top, which is open, is 5 cm it is filled with water up to brim. When lead
shots each of which is a sphere of radius 0.5 cm, are dropped into the vessel.
One-fourth of the water flows out. Find the number of lead shots dropped.

Ans: Given, radius of lead shot  0.5cm

Radius of cone  5cm

Let x be numbers of lead shots dropped.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 62

 1
 x  volume of one lead shot   volume of cone
4
4 1 1
 x    0.5      5   8
3 2

3 4 3

25  8
x
16  0.5 
3

 x  100
Therefore, 100 lead shots are dropped.

31. A cone of height 24 cm and radius of base 6 cm is made up of modeling

clay. Find the volume of the cone.

Ans: Given,

Height of cone h  24cm

Radius of cone r  6cm

1 2
We know that volume of cone is r h .
3

1
 Volume    6   24
2

1
 Volume    36  24
3

 Volume  288 cm3

Therefore, the volume of cone is 288 cm3 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 63

32. 2 cubes each of volume 216cm 3 are joined end to end. Find the surface area
of the resulting cuboid.

Ans: Abbreviation: CSA = Curved Surface Area TSA = Total Surface Area

V = Volume

We know that the volume of cube is given by  side 

3

Now, as given in the question,  side   216

3

We can write

  side   63
3

 side  6cm
So, for the resulting cuboid,

length  l   6  6  12cm

breadth  b   6cm

height  h   6cm

Now, surface area of resulting cuboid  2  lb  bh  hl 

Substituting values, we get

 surface area  2 12  6  6  6  6  12 

 surface area  2  72  36  72 

 surface area  2 180

surface area  360cm2

Therefore, surface area of resulting cuboid is 360cm2 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 64
33. A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder.
The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm and the total height of the Vessel
is 13 cm. Find inner surface area.

Ans: We know that inner surface area  2rh  2r 2

Radius of base of the cylinder is equal to the radius of hemisphere.

We get,

 Inner surface area  2r  r  h 

22
 Inner surface area  2   76  7
7
 Inner surface area  44 13

 Inner surface area  572cm2

Therefore, inner surface area is 572cm2 .

34. A spherical ball of diameter 21 cm is melted and recast into cubes each of
 22 
side 1 cm. Find the number of cubes thus formed.   
7 
.

4
Ans: We know that volume of spherical ball  r 3
3

We get,

4 1 1 1
 Volume      cm3
3 21 21 21
Given each side of cube is 1 cm.

Then, volume of each cube  1 1 1cm3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 65

 Volume of ball
 Number of cubes 
Volume of cube
Substituting values, we get

4 22 1 1 1
    cm3
 Number of cubes  3 7 21 21 21
1
 Number of cubes  4851
Therefore, the number of cubes formed are 4851 .

Short Answer Questions 3 Marks

1. A vessel is in the form of a hollow hemisphere mounted by a hollow cylinder.

The diameter of the hemisphere is 14 cm and the total height of the Vessel is
13 cm. Find the inner surface area of the vessel.

Ans: Given, the diameter of hemisphere is 14 cm.

14
So, the radius of hemisphere is r   7cm
2
Height of vessel is 13 cm and height of hollow cylinder will be 13  7  6cm

We know that inner surface area  2rh  2r 2

Radius of base of the cylinder is equal to the radius of hemisphere.

We get,

 Inner surface area  2r  r  h 

22
 Inner surface area  2   76  7
7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 66

 Inner surface area  44 13

 Inner surface area  572cm2

Therefore, inner surface area is 572cm2 .

2. A toy is in the form of a cone of radius 3.5 cm mounted on a hemisphere of

same radius. The total height of the toy is 15.5 cm. Find the total surface area
of the toy.

Ans: Given the radius of a cone is 3.5 cm.

Radius of hemisphere and cone are same, so the radius of hemisphere is 3.5 cm.

Total height of the toy is 15.5 cm.

Height of the cone will be 15.5  3.5  12cm

Slant height of the cone l  r 2  h 2

l  3.5  122

2

 l  12.25  144

 l  156.25
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 67
 l  12.5cm
Now, total surface area of toy is equal to the sum of curved surface area of
hemisphere and curved surface area of cone.

We get

 TSA  2r 2  rl

 TSA  2  3.5    3.512.5

2

 TSA  24.5  43.75

 TSA  68.25

22
 TSA  68.25 
7

 TSA  214.5cm2

Therefore, total surface area of toy is 214.5cm2 .

3. A cubical block of side 7 cm is surmounted by a hemisphere. What is the

greatest diameter the hemisphere can have? Find the surface area of the
solid.

Ans: Given the side of cubical block is 7cm .

Greatest diameter of hemisphere will be 7cm .

Total surface area of solid will be equal to the sum of external surface area of cubical
block and curved surface area of hemisphere.

We get

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 68

   7  
2
7
2

 TSA  6  7        2  
2

  2   2

 49  49
 TSA  294    
 4  4

49
 TSA  294  
4
49 22
 TSA  294  
4 7

77
 TSA  294 
2
 TSA  294  38.5

 TSA  332.5cm2

Therefore, total surface area of solid is 332.5cm2 .

4. A hemispherical depression is cut out from one face of a cubical wooden

block such that the diameter l of the hemisphere is equal to the edge of the
cube. Determine the surface area of the remaining solid

Ans: Given that the diameter of hemisphere is equal to the edge of cube.

Diameter of hemisphere is l so length of edge of the cube is l .

Surface area of remaining solid is

2 2
l l
 2    6  l 2    
2 2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 69

 2
l
     6  l2
2

1
 l2    24 
4
1 2
Therefore, surface area of the remaining solid is l    24  .
4

5. Rachel, an engineering student, was asked to make a model shaped like a

cylinder with two cones attached at its two ends by using a thin aluminum
sheet. The diameter of the model is 3 cm and its length is 12 cm. If each cone
has a height of 2 cm, find the volume of air contained in the model that
Rachel made. (Assume the outer and inner dimensions of the model to be
nearly the same.)

Ans: For upper conical portion, radius of the base is 1.5cm and height  2cm

1 2 1
r h   1.5  2  1.5 cm3
2
Then, volume is
3 3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 70

Similarly for lower portion, radius of the base is 1.5cm and height  2cm

1 2 1
r h   1.5  2  1.5 cm3
2
Then, volume is
3 3

For middle portion radius of the base is 1.5cm and height  12  2  2  8cm

Then, volume of middle portion is r 2h   1.5  8  18 cm3

2

Now, volume of model is

 V  1.5  1.5  18
 V  21

22
 V  21
7

 V  66cm3

Therefore, volume of model is 66cm3 .

6. A gulabjamun, contains sugar syrup up to about 30% of its volume. Find

approximately how much syrup would be found in 45 gulabjamuns, each
shaped like a cylinder with two hemispherical ends, with length 5 cm and
diameter 2.8 cm (see figure).

Ans: Given the diameter of gulabjamun is 2.8 cm and height 5 cm.

Volume of gulabjamun is equal to the sum of volumes of two hemispherical ends

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 71
and a cylinder.

We get

2 2
 V  r 3  r 2h  r 3
3 3

2 2
 V   1.4    1.4  2.2   1.4 
3 2 3

3 3

4
 V   1.4    1.4  2.2
3 2

2  4  1.4 
 V   1.4    2.2
 3 

2  5.6  6.6 
 V   1.4   
 3

1.96  12.2
V  cm3
3
Now, volume of 45 gulabjamuns will be

1.96  12.2
 V  45   cm3
3

22
 V  15  1.96  12.2  cm3
7

 V  1127.28 cm3
Since gulabjamun contains 30% sugar syrup

30
So volume of sugar syrup is  1127.28  338.184 cm3
100

Therefore, volume of sugar syrup is 338cm3 (approx.).

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 72
7. A vessel is in the form of an inverted cone. Its height is 8 cm and radius of
its top, which is open, is 5 cm it is filled with water up to brim. When lead
shots each of which is a sphere of radius 0.5 cm, are dropped into the vessel.
One-fourth of the water flows out. Find the number of lead shots dropped.

Ans: Given, radius of lead shot  0.5cm

Radius of cone  5cm

Let x be numbers of lead shots dropped.

1
 x  volume of one lead shot   volume of cone
4
4 1 1
 x    0.5      5   8
3 2

3 4 3

25  8
x
16  0.5 
3

 x  100
Therefore, 100 lead shots are dropped.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 73

8. A solid iron pole consists of a cylinder of height 220 cm and of base diameter
24 cm which is surrounded by another cylinder of height 60 cm and radius
8cm . Find the mass of the pole, given that 1cm 3 of iron has 8g mass approx.
   3.14 .

24
Ans: For lower cylinder radius r   12cm and height h  220cm
2
For upper cylinder radius R  8cm and height H  60cm
 Volume of pole  volume of lower cylinder  volume of upper cylinder

We get,

 r 2h  R 2H

  12   220   8  60

2 2

   31680  3840 

 35520  3.14

 volume of pipe  111532.8cm3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 74

Given that 1cm3 of iron has 8g mass approx.

Mass of 111532.8cm3 iron is 11532.8  8  92262.4gm

Therefore, mass of pole is 92262.4gm .

9. A solid consisting of a right circular cone of height 120cm and radius 60cm
standing on a hemisphere of radius 60cm , is placed upright in a right circular
cylinder, full of water such that it touches the bottom. Find the volume of
water left in the cylinder, if the radius of the cylinder is 60cm and its height
is 180cm .

Ans: Given, radius of cylinder is 60cm and its height is 180cm .

Volume of cylinder is   60   180  648000 cm3

2

Given, radius of hemisphere is 60cm .

2
  60   144000 cm3
3
Volume of hemisphere is
3

1
  60   120  144000 cm3
2
Volume of cone is
3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 75

Volume of water left in the cylinder is
 648000  144000  144000
 360000

360000
 m3
100  100  100

22 3
 0.36  m
7

 1.131m3

Therefore, volume of water left is approximately 1.131m3 .

10. A spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 8 cm long, 2 m in diameter,

the diameter of the spherical part is 8.5 cm. by measuring the amount of
water it holds, a child finds its volume to be 345cm 3 , check whether she is
correct, taking the above as side measurements.    3.14 .

Ans: Given that a spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 8 cm long, 2 m in
diameter, and the diameter of the spherical part is 8.5 cm.

Now, radius of cylindrical part is r  1cm and height h  8cm

8.5 17
Radius of spherical part is R   cm
2 4
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 76
Now, volume of glass solid is equal to the sum of volume of cylindrical part and
volume of spherical part.

We get

4
 Volume  r 2h  R 3
3
3
4  17 
 Volume  3.14  1  8   3.14   
2

3  4

 4913 
 Volume  3.14 8 
 48 

 384  4913 
 Volume  3.14  
 48

5297
 Volume  3.14 
48

5297
 Volume  3.14 
48

 Volume  346.51cm3
Therefore, the volume finds by the student is not correct.

11. A cylindrical bucket, 32 cm and high and with radius of base 18 cm, is
filled with sand. This bucket is emptied on the ground and a conical heap of
sand is formed. If the height of the conical heap is 24 cm, find the radius
and slant height of the heap.

Ans: For cylindrical bucket, Radius of the base r  18cm and height h  32cm

Volume of bucket is r 2h   18 32  10368 cm3

2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 77

Height of conical heap is 24cm

Let the radius of heap is r1

Then volume of conical heap is

1
 r12  24  8r12 cm3
3
Now, bucket is emptied on the ground and conical heap is formed.

So the volumes of bucket and conical heap are equal.

We get

 10368  8r12

10368
 r12 
8

 r12  1296

 r1  36cm

Now, slant height of heap is

 l  362  242

 l  1296  576

 l  1872

l  12 13cm

Therefore, slant height of conical heap is 12 13cm .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 78

12. Water in a canal 6m wide and 1.5m deep is flowing with a velocity of
10km / h . How much area will it irrigate in 30 minutes if 8cm of standing
water is needed?

Ans: Given the width of canal is 6m and

3
Depth of canal is 1.5m  m
2
Velocity of water is 10km / h  10000m / h .

1
Length of water column formed in 30 minutes is 10000   5000m
2
3
Volume of water flows in 30 minutes is 6   5000  45000m3
2
45000 4500000
The area irrigated will be   562500m2
8 8
100

Therefore, 562500m2  56.25hectares area will be irrigated.

13. A farmer connects a pipe of internal diameter 20cm from a canal into a
cylindrical tank in his field which is 10m in diameter and 2m deep. If water
flows through the pipe at the rate of 3km / h , in how much time will the
tank be filled?

Ans: Given, rate of water flowing  3km / hr  50m / min

5
So in one second m water flows
6

Internal diameter of pipe is 20cm .

So radius is 10cm  0.1m

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 79

So volume of water flows through the pipe in one second is

 r 2h

   0.1  50
2

 3
 m
2
Given the diameter of tank is 10m and height is 2m .

Volume of water in tank is

 r 2h
2
 10 
    2
 2

 50 m3

50
Time taken to fill the tank is .

2
We get

50
  100minutes

2
Therefore, time taken to fill the tank is 1 hour 40 minutes .

14. A metallic circular cone 20cm height with vertical angle 60 is cut into two
parts at the middle point of its height by a plane parallel to the base. If the

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 80

 1
frustum, so obtained be drawn into a wire of diameter cm. Find the
16
length of the wire.

Ans: Let r1 and r2 be the radii of lower and upper ends of a frustum cone.

We get

r1
  tan 30
20
Then,

20 10
r1  cm and r2  cm
3 3

Height  20cm

Now, volume of frustum is

1  20 2  10  2 20 10 
   10       
3   3   3  3 3 

1  400 100 200 

   10   
3  3 3 3 

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 81

Since the frustum is drawn in to wire so the volumes of both are equal.

Let l be the length of wire.

We get
2
1  400 100 200   1 
   10         l
3  3 3 3   32 

1 700 1
  10   l
3 3 1024

10  1024  700
l
9

7168000
l
9
l  796444.4cm  7964.4m
Therefore, the length of wire is 7964.4m .

15. The diameter of a metallic sphere is 6 cm. The sphere is melted and drawn
into a wire of uniform cross-section. If the length of wire is 36 cm, find its
radius.

Ans: Given the diameter of sphere is 6cm

For sphere, Radius r  3cm

4
So, Volume  r 3
3

4
 Volume    3 cm3
3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 82

Let radius of wire be R .

4
Then, Volume of wire is  R 3
3

Sphere is melted and drawn into a wire so the volumes of both are equal.

So, we get

 36  36  R 2

 R2  1
 R  1cm
Therefore, the radius of wire is 1cm .

16. Water flows at the rate of 10 meter per minute through a cylindrical pipe
having its diameter at 5 mm. How much time will it take to fill a conical
vessel where diameter of base is 40 cm and depth 24 cm?

Ans: Given, rate of water flowing 10m / min

Internal diameter of pipe is 5mm .

5 1
So radius is mm  cm and height h  1000cm
2 4
So volume of cylinder is

 r 2h
2
1
      1000cm3
4

Given the diameter of conical vessel is 40m and height is 24m .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 83

Let conical vessel is filled in x minutes

Volume of conical vessel is

1
   20  24
2

3
Now, volume of water flows is

 r 2h  x
2
1 1
      100  x    20  24
2

4 3

1 1
  100  x   400  24
16 3

1 400  24  16
x 
3 100

512
x  minutes
10
Therefore, time taken to fill the tank is 51 minutes 12 seconds .

17. The radius of the base and the height of solid right cylinder are in the ratio
2 : 3 and its volume is 1617cm3 . Find the total surface area of the cylinder.
 22 
   7 .
 

Ans: Let r be the radius of the base and h be the height of the solid right circular
cylinder.

Given the ratio of base and height is 2 : 3 .

We get
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 84
 r 2
 
h 3

2h
r
3

Volume of the cylinder is r 2 h .

We get

4
   h 2  h  1617
9

9 1617
 h3   7
4 22
101871
 h3 
88

21
h
2

Surface area of cylinder is 2rh  2r 2

We get

2h 8h 2
 Surface area  2  h 
3 9

h 2
 Surface area  12  8
9

20h 2
 Surface area 
9
20 21 21
 Surface area   
9 2 2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 85

 Surface area  5  22  7

Surface area  770cm2

Therefore, the total surface area of cylinder is 770cm2 .

18. A toy is in the form of a cone mounted on a hemisphere of common base

radius 7 cm. The total height of the toy is 31 cm. Find the total surface area
of the toy.

Ans: Given the radius of a cone is 7 cm.

Radius of hemisphere and cone are same, so the radius of hemisphere is 7 cm.

Total height of the toy is 31 cm.

Height of the cone will be 31  7  24cm

Slant height of the cone l  r 2  h 2

 l  7 2  242

 l  49  576

 l  625
 l  25cm
Now, total surface area of toy is equal to the sum of curved surface area of
hemisphere and curved surface area of cone.

We get

 TSA  2r 2  rl

 TSA  2  7     7  25
2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 86

 TSA  98  175
 TSA  273

22
 TSA  273 
7

TSA  858cm2

Therefore, total surface area of toy is 858cm2 .

19. A well 3.5 m in diameter and 20 m deep be dug in rectangular field 20 m

by 14 m. The earth taken out is spread evenly on the field. Find the level of
the earth raised in the field.

Ans: Given, Diameter of well  3.5m

7
So, the radius of well r  m
4
And Depth of earth dug h  20m

Volume of earth taken out is r 2 h

We get

22 7 7 385 3
    20  m
7 4 4 2
Given, the earth from digging is evenly spread out.

So, Length of platform l  20m , and Breadth of platform b  14m

Arear of field is l  b  20 14  280m2

Area of field excluding well is

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 87

  22 7 7  2163 2
  280      m
 7 4 4 8

Volume of earth taken out

 Level of earth raised 
Area of field

385 8
 Level of earth raised  
2 2163
 Level of earth raised  0.7119m
Therefore, level of earth raised in the field is 71.19cm .

20. A solid sphere of radius 6 cm is melted into a hollow cylinder of uniform

thickness. If the external radius of the base of cylinder is 5 cm and its height
is 32 cm, find the uniform thickness of the cylinder.

Ans: Given the radius of solid sphere is 6cm

So, the volume of sphere is given by

4
 Volume  r 3
3

4
 Volume    6 
3

 Volume  288 cm3

Given the external radius of base of cylinder is 5cm and height is 32cm .

Let the internal radius of cylinder be x

Volume of hollow cylinder and solid sphere must be equal.

We get

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 88

 32  52  x 2    288

288
 25  x 2 
32

 25  x 2  9

 x 2  25  9

 x 2  16
x4
Therefore, the uniform thickness of the cylinder is 4cm .

21. A medicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two hemispheres stuck
to each of its ends (see figure). The length of the entire capsule is 14mm and
the diameter of the capsule is 5mm . Find its surface area.

Ans: Given that the diameter of capsule is 5mm .

So the radius of hemisphere is r  2.5mm

Height of cylinder is equal to the difference of total height to that of diameter of

sphere.

We get

 h  14   2.5  2.5  9mm

Total surface area of the capsule is given by

 2rh  2  2r 2 

5   5 2 
 2    9   2  2    
2   2 
 
Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 89
 45  25
 70

22
 70 
7

 Surface area  220mm2

Therefore, total surface area of capsule is 220mm2 .

22. A pen stand made of wood is in the shape of a cuboid with four conical
depressions to hold pens. The dimensions of the cuboid are 15 cm by 10 cm
by 3.5 cm. The radius of each of the depressions is 0.5 cm and the depth is
1.4 cm. Find the volume of wood in the entire stand.

Ans: We know that volume of the cuboid  l  b  h

Given dimensions of the cuboid are 15cm 10cm  3.5cm

So the volume of cuboid is

 15 10  3.5

 525cm3

2
Now, volume of conical depression  r 2 h
3

2 22
 Volume    0.5  0.5  1.4
3 7

 Volume  0.734cm3

Now, volume of four conical depressions  4  0.734  2.93cm3

 Volume of the wood in the entire stand  525  2.93  522.07cm3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 90

23. A medicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two hemispheres stuck
to each of its ends (see figure). The length of the entire capsule is 14mm
and the diameter of the capsule is 5mm . Find its surface area.

Ans: Given that the diameter of capsule is 5mm .

So the radius of hemisphere is r  2.5mm

Height of cylinder is equal to the difference of total height to that of diameter of

sphere.

We get

 h  14   2.5  2.5  9mm

Total surface area of the capsule is given by

 2rh  2  2r 2 

5   5 2 
 2    9   2  2    
2   2 
 
 45  25
 70

22
 70 
7

 Surface area  220mm2

Therefore, total surface area of capsule is 220mm2 .

24. A spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 8 cm long, 2 m in diameter,

the diameter of the spherical part is 8.5 cm. by measuring the amount of

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 91

 water it holds, a child finds its volume to be 345cm 3 , check whether she is
correct, taking the above as side measurements.    3.14 .

Ans: Given that a spherical glass vessel has a cylindrical neck 8 cm long, 2 m in
diameter, and the diameter of the spherical part is 8.5 cm.

Now, radius of cylindrical part is r  1cm and height h  8cm

8.5 17
Radius of spherical part is R   cm
2 4
Now, volume of glass solid is equal to the sum of volume of cylindrical part and
volume of spherical part.

We get

4
 Volume  r 2h  R 3
3
3
4  17 
 Volume  3.14  1  8   3.14   
2

3  4

 4913 
 Volume  3.14 8 
 48 

 384  4913 
 Volume  3.14  
 48

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 92

 5297
 Volume  3.14 
48

5297
 Volume  3.14 
48

 Volume  346.51cm3
Therefore, the volume finds by the student is not correct.

25. Metallic spheres of radii 6 cm, 8 cm and 10 cm respectively are melted to

form a single solid sphere. Find the radius of the resulting sphere.

Ans: Let the radius of resulting sphere be r cm .

As given in the question three metallic spheres melted and formed a single solid
sphere.

So volume of resulting sphere is equal to the sum of volume of three spheres.

We get

4 4 4 4
 r 3    6    8    10 
3 3 3

3 3 3 3

 r 3   6   8  10 
3 3 3

 r 3  216  512  1000

 r 3  1728
 r  12cm
Therefore, radius of resulting sphere is 12cm .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 93

26. A shuttle cock used for playing badminton has the shape of a frustum of a
cone mounted on a hemisphere. The external diameter of the frustum is 5
cm and 2 cm. The height of the entire shuttle cock is 7 cm. Find the external
surface area.

Ans: Given the diameters of frustum of cone are 5 cm and 2 cm.

So, radiuses are r1  1cm and r2  2.5cm

And height of shuttle cock is 7cm . So height of cone is h  7  1  6cm

External surface area of shuttle cock is equal to the sum of curved surface area of
cone and surface area of hemisphere.
We get

External surface area    r1  r2  l  2r12

   2.5  1 h 2   r1  r2   2  1
2

   3.5 62  1  2.5  2
2

   3.5 36  2.25  2

   3.5 38.5  2

   3.5 6.18  2

 21.63  2
 23.63
22
 23.63 
7

 74.26cm2

External surface area of shuttle cock is 74.26cm2 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 94

27. How many silver coins, 1.75 cm in diameter and of thickness 2 mm, must
be melted to form a cuboid of dimensions 5.5cm  10cm  3.5cm ?

Ans: Given,

1.75
For silver coin, diameter is 1.75cm so radius is cm
2
1
Thickness/height  2mm  cm
5

For cuboid, dimensions are 5.5cm 10cm  3.5cm

As given in the question silver coins are melted and formed a cuboid.

So the volume of coins is equal to the volume of cuboid.

Let number of silver coins is n .

We get

 n  r 2h  l  b  h
2
22  7  1
 n      5.5  10  3.5
7 8 5

22 49 1
 n    5.5  10  3.5
7 64 5

5.5  10  3.5  7  64  5
n
22  49
 n  400
Therefore, 400 silver coins must be melted.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 95

28. A container like a right circular having diameter 12 cm and height 15 cm
is full of ice-cream. The ice-cream is to be filled in cones of height 12 cm
and diameter 6 cm having a hemispherical shape on the top. Find number
of such cones which can be filled with ice-cream.

Ans: Given the diameter of right circular container is 12 cm and height 15 cm.

Volume of cylinder is r 2 h .

We get
2
 12 
     15
 2
 540
Radius of cone is r  6cm

Volume of ice-cream is equal to the sum of volume of ice-cream cone and volume
of hemispherical top of ice-cream.

We get

1 2
 r 2 h  r 3
3 3

1 2
   3 12     3
2 3

3 3
 36  18

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 96

 54

Volume of cylinder
 Number of ice-cream 
Volume of ice-cream+Volume of hemisphere

We get

540
 Number of ice-cream 
54
 Number of ice-cream  10 ice-cream cones .

29. Water flowing at the rate of 15 km per hour through a pipe of diameter 14
cm into a rectangular tank which is 50 m long and 44 m wide. Find the time
in which the level of water in the tank will rise by 21 cm.

Ans: Given the diameter of cylindrical pipe is 14 cm.

14
Radius of pipe is  7cm .
2

So volume of cylinder is r 2 h

Water flows through pipe at the rate of 15 km per hour.

We get

22 7 7
    15000
7 100 100

22 7 7
    15000
7 100 100

 231m3
Volume of tank is  l  b  h

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 97

Required volume of quantity of water in the tank is

21
 50  44 
100

 462m3

Thus, 462m3 of water falls into tank in one hour.

1
Therefore, time taken by 462m3 of water to falls into tank is  462  2hours .
231

30. A solid cylinder of diameter 12 cm and height 15 cm is melted and recast

into toys with the shape of a right circular cone mounted on a hemisphere
of radius 3 cm. If the height of the toy is 12 cm, find the number of toys so
formed.

Ans: Given, a solid cylinder is melted and recast into right circular cone.

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 98

 Volume of cylinder
 Number of toys 
Volume of one toy

We get

R 2 H

2 3 1 2
r  r h
3 3

R 2 H

1 2
r  2r  h 
3

6  6  15

1
 3  3 6  9 
3
 12
Therefore, number of toys is 12 .

Long Answer Questions 4 Marks

1. A medicine capsule is in the shape of a cylinder with two hemispheres stuck

to each of its ends (see figure). The length of the entire capsule is 14mm and
the diameter of the capsule is 5mm . Find its surface area.

Ans: Given that the diameter of capsule is 5mm .

So the radius of hemisphere is r  2.5mm

Height of cylinder is equal to the difference of total height to that of diameter of

sphere.

We get

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 99

 h  14   2.5  2.5  9mm

Total surface area of the capsule is given by

 2rh  2  2r 2 

5   5 2 
 2    9   2  2    
2   2 
 
 45  25
 70

22
 70 
7

 Surface area  220mm2

Therefore, total surface area of capsule is 220mm2 .

2. A tent is in the shape of a cylinder surmounted buy a conical top. If the height
and diameter of the cylindrical part are 2.1 m and 4 m respectively and the
slant height of the top is 2.8 m, find the area of the canvas used for making
the tent. Also, find the cost of the canvas of the tent at the rate of Rs.
500 per m2 . (Note that the base of the tent will not be covered with canvas.)

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 100

Ans: Given, the diameter of cylindrical part is 2.1 m and 4 m respectively and the

slant height of the top is 2.8 m.

Total surface area of the tent is the sum of curved surface area the cylindrical part
and curved surface area of conical cap.

We get,
 2 2  2.1   2  2.8
 8.4  5.6
 8.4  5.6
 14

22
 14 
7

 44m2

Canvas of the tent at the rate of Rs. 500 per m2 .

So the total cost of canvas is 44  500  22000

So cost of canvas of tent is Rs.22000 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 101

3. From a solid cylinder whose height is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm, a conical
cavity of the same height and same diameter is hollowed out. Find the total
surface area of the remaining solid to the nearest cm 2 .

Ans: Given, the height of solid cylinder is 2.4 cm and diameter 1.4 cm.

Radius of solid cylinder is 0.7cm and radius of base of conical cavity is 0.7cm .

 0.7    2.4 
2 2
Slant height of conical cavity is

We get

 0.49  5.76

 6.25
 2.5cm
Total surface area of remaining solid is

 2  0.7  2.4     0.7     0.7  2.5

2

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 102

 3.36  0.49  1.75
 5.6

22
 5.6 
7

 17.6cm2
Therefore, total surface area of remaining solid to the nearest centimeter square is
18cm 2 .

4. A wooden article was made by scooping out a hemisphere from each end of
a solid cylinder as shown in figure. If the height of the cylinder is 10cm and
its base is of radius 3.5 cm, find the total surface area of the article.

Ans: Given that the height of the cylinder is 10cm and its base is of radius 3.5 cm.

Total surface area of the article is given by

 2rH  2  2r 2 


 2  3.510   2 2  3.5
2

 70  49
 119

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 103

 22
 119 
7

 TSA  374cm2

Therefore, total surface area of article is 374cm2 .

5. Derive the formula for the curved surface area and total surface area of the
frustum of a cone, given to you in Section 13.5, using the symbols as
explained.

Ans: According to the question, the frustum is difference of the two cones OAB and
OCD (in figure).

Let h be the height, l be the slant height and r1 and r2 be the radii of bases of a
frustum.

Then from figure,

OA  OB  l and OP  h1

 height of the cone  h1  h

OQD OPB [by AA similarity]

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 104

We get

h1  h r2
 
h1 r1

h r2
1 
h1 r1

r2 h
1 
r1 h1

hr1
 h1  ……..(1)
r1  r2

 height of the cone OCD  h1  h

We get

hr1 hr2
 h  ……..(2)
r1  r2 r1  r2

Volume of frustum is equal to the difference of volumes of both the cones.

We get

1 1
 Volume of frustum  r12h1  r2 2  h1  h 
3 3
Substitute values from eq.(1) and (2) we get

  2 hr1 hr2 
 Volume of frustum   r1  r2 2 
3  r1  r2 r1  r2 

h  r13 r23 
 Volume of frustum    
3  r1  r2 r1  r2 

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 105

 1
 Volume of frustum  h r12  r2 2  r1r2 
3

Let A 1 and A 2 be the surface areas of two circular bases.

We get

A1  r12 and A 2  r2 2

1
 Volume of frustum  h  r12  r2 2  r12 r2 2 
3  

h
 Volume of frustum  A1  A 2  A1A 2 
3
From figure, in DEB ,

 l  h 2   r1  r2 
2

OQD OPB [by AA similarity]

We get

l1  l r2
 
l1 r1

lr1
 l1  ……..(3)
r1  r2

 length of the cone OCD  l1  l

We get

lr1 lr
 l 2 ……..(4)
r1  r2 r1  r2

Now, curved surface area of frustum of cone is

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 106

 CSA  r1l1  r2  l1  l 

Substitute values from eq.(3) and (4) we get

lr1 lr
 CSA  r1  r2 2
r1  r2 r1  r2

 r12  r2 2 
 CSA  l  
 r1  r2 

 CSA  l  r1  r2  , where l  h 2   r1  r2 
2

Therefore, total surface area of frustum of cone is l  r1  r2   r12  r2 2 .

6. A bucket made up of metal sheet is in the form of frustum of a cone. Its depth
is 24cm and the diameters of the top and bottom are 30 cm and 10 cm
respectively. Find the cost of milk which will completely fill the bucket at the
rate Rs. 20 per liter and cost of metal sheet used if it costs Rs.10 per 100 cm2

Ans: Given the diameters of top and bottom of a frustum cone are 30 cm and 10
cm.

So radiuses of two ends of a frustum cone are 15 cm and 5 cm.

r1  15cm and r2  5cm

Height  24cm

Now, volume of bucket is

1
 h  r12  r22  r1r2 
3

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 107

 1
  3.14  24 152  52  15  5
3

1
  3.14  24  225  25  75
3

1
  3.14  24  325
3

 8164cm3  8.164liters
Given cost of one liter of milk is Rs.20

Total cost of milk is 8.164  20  163.28

Cost of milk is Rs.163.28

Surface area of bucket    r1  r2  l  r22

 Surface area    r1  r2   r1  r2   h 2  r22

2

 Surface area  3.14 15  5  15  5  242  3.14  5 

2 2

 Surface area  3.14  20 100  576  3.14  25

 Surface area  3.14  20  26  78.5
 Surface area  1632.8  78.5

Surface area  1711.3cm2

Cost of metal sheet is Rs.10 per 100 cm2 .

10
Total cost of metal sheet is 1711.3   171.13
100

Therefore, cost of metal sheet is Rs.171.13 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 108

7. A solid consisting of a right circular cone standing on a hemisphere, is placed
upright in a right circular cylinder, full of water and touches the bottom.
Find the volume of water left in the cylinder having given that the radius of
the cylinder is 3cm and its height is 6cm . The radius of hemisphere is 2cm
and the height of the cone is 4cm . Give your answer to the nearest cubic
 22 
centimeters.   
7 
.


Ans: Given, radius of cylinder is 3cm and its height is 6cm .

Volume of cylinder is   3 6  54

2

Given, radius of hemisphere is 2cm and height is 4cm .

1 4 16
   2  
3
Volume of hemisphere is
2 3 3

1 16
 2 4  
2
Volume of cone is
3 3

Volume of water left in the cylinder is

16 16
 54   
3 3

 162  16  16 
 
 3 

2860 3
 cm
21
4
 136 cm3
21

Therefore, volume of water to nearest cubic centimeters is 136cm3 .

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 109

8. A farmer connects a pipe of internal diameter 20cm from a canal into a
cylindrical tank in his field which is 10m in diameter and 2m deep. If water
flows through the pipe at the rate of 3km / h , in how much time will the tank
be filled?

5
Ans: Given, rate of water flowing  3km / hr  m / sec
6

5
So in one second m water flows
6

1
Internal diameter of pipe is 20cm  m .
5

So volume of water flows through the pipe in one second is

 r 2h
2
22  1  5
   
7  10  6

11 3
 m
420
Given the diameter of tank is 10m and height is 2m .

Volume of water in tank is

 r 2h
2
22  10 
   2
7  2

1100 3
 m
7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 110

 1100
Time taken to fill the tank is 7 .
11
420

We get

1100  420
  100minute
7  11
Therefore, time taken to fill the tank is 1 hour 40 minutes .

9. A cone of radius 10cm divided into two parts by drawing a plane through
the midpoint of its axis, parallel to its base. Compare the volume of the two
parts.

Ans: Let OAB be the cone and OQ be its axis and P be the mid-point of OQ .

Let OQ  h cm

h
Then, OP  PQ  cm
2
And radius of cone QB  10cm

Also OPD OQB

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 111

 OP PD
 
OQ QB

h 2 PD
 
h 10
 PD  5cm

h
For smaller cone radius r  5cm and height h  cm
2
1 2 h 25h 3
Volume of smaller cone is    5  cm
3 2 6

h
Now, for frustum of cone radius R  10cm , r  5cm and height h  cm
2
Volume of frustum of cone is

1 h
  10    5  10  5
2 2

3 2 

1 h
  100  25  50
3 2

1 175h
 
3 2

175h 3
 Volume  cm
6
Required ratio of volumes is

25h 175h
 :
6 6
 25:175
 Ratio  1: 7

Class X Maths www.vedantu.com 112