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Name: Shantanu Kapadnis T.Y.B.
Tech Chemical
PA-35 PGT Assignment 1
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1) By focused, long-term preventative initiatives, green chemistry seeks to

minimise the effects of chemicals on human health and nearly eradicate
environmental damage. Green chemistry looks for alternative,
ecologically friendly reaction medium while also working to speed up
reactions and cool them down.
Principles of Green Chemistry are:
• Prevention - Avoiding waste altogether is preferable to treating or
cleaning up garbage that has already been produced.
• Atom Economy - Maximizing the assimilation of all components

utilised throughout the process into the finished product should
be a goal of synthetic approaches.
• Less Hazardous chemical synthesis - Wherever possible, synthetic

ways should be created to utilise and produce chemicals that are
safe for both the environment and humans.
• Designing safer chemicals - Chemical goods should be made with

the least amount of toxicity possible while yet performing the
necessary purpose.
• Safer solvents and auxiliaries - If feasible, auxiliary compounds

(such solvents, separating agents, etc.) should be avoided, and
when they are utilised, they should be harmless.
• Design for energy efficiency - Chemical processes' energy needs
should be understood in terms of their effects on the environment
and the economy, and they should be kept to a minimum.
Synthetic procedures are to be carried out at room temperature
and pressure whenever possible.
• Use of renewable feedstocks - Where technically and economically

feasible, a raw material or feedstock should be renewable rather
than finite.
• Reduce derivatives - The use of blocking groups,

protection/deprotection, and temporary alteration of
physical/chemical processes are examples of unnecessary
derivatization that should be reduced or avoided wherever
feasible since they need extra reagents and can produce waste.
• Catalysis - Stoichiometric reagents are inferior to catalytic

reagents, which should be as selective as feasible.
• Design for degradation - Chemical goods should be made to

degrade into harmless degradation products at the end of their
useful life and not linger in the environment.
• Real time analysis for pollution prevention - To enable real-time,

in-process monitoring and control before the creation of
hazardous chemicals, analytical methods must be further
improved.
• Inherently safer chemistry for accident prevention - To reduce the

possibility of chemical mishaps, such as releases, explosions, and
fires, substances and the form of a material utilised in a chemical
process should be chosen.
2) Green chemistry, also called sustainable chemistry, is an area of
chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the design of products
and processes that minimize the use and generation of hazardous
substances.
Sustainable means, which can be continued with no ill effect on the
availability of the required items. Sustainable development is a type of
development that suffice the need of present without compromising the
ability of the future generation.
A development that is sustainable is one that satisfies current
requirements without compromising the capacity of future generations
to satisfy their own needs.
A crucial component of sustainable development is green chemistry. By
using the twelve green chemistry principles, we may attain sustainable
development.
The evolution of sustainable development as a means of resource
preservation has proceeded.
3) Atom economy, also known as atom efficiency, is a measure of the

desired useful products formed from reactants in a chemical reaction.
Atom economy is commonly stated as a percent and is sometimes
referred to as percentage atom economy. If two chemical reactions each
create the desired product, but the first one has a higher atom economy
than the second one, it means there is a higher percentage of the
desired product formed from the first reaction than there was from the
second reaction. Since yielding a large amount of the desired product is
the goal, using the chemical reaction that produces this substance more
efficiently is likely going to be the one that scientists choose to use. The
atom economy formula is an equation that shows the relationship
between the variables of the reactants, desired products, and waste
products. The atom economy formula is mass of atoms in desired
product/mass of atoms in product x100.
In this equation, the percent of the desired product can be found by
dividing the mass of all the atoms in the desired product by the total
mass of all the products and then multiplying this result by 100.
4) Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) is a framework

developed by the European Union to prevent and control pollution in
industrial installations. The aim of IPPC is to ensure that industrial
activities are carried out in a way that minimizes their impact on the
environment and human health.
Under IPPC, industrial installations are required to implement best
available techniques (BAT) to prevent or minimize emissions and waste.
This involves adopting the most effective and advanced technologies
and practices to reduce pollution at the source.
IPPC also requires industrial installations to develop and implement an
environmental management system (EMS), which includes monitoring
and reporting on environmental performance. The EMS helps the
installation to identify areas where pollution prevention and control can
be improved, and to develop and implement action plans to address
these issues.
In addition, IPPC sets out requirements for public participation and
access to information. This means that members of the public have the
right to be informed about the environmental performance of industrial
installations and to participate in decision-making processes that affect
the environment.
Overall, IPPC aims to promote sustainable industrial development by
balancing economic, social, and environmental considerations, and by
ensuring that industrial activities are carried out in a way that minimizes
their impact on the environment and human health.

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Name: Shantanu Kapadnis T.Y.B.

PA-35 PGT Assignment 1

1) By focused, long-term preventative initiatives, green chemistry seeks to

• Atom Economy - Maximizing the assimilation of all components

• Less Hazardous chemical synthesis - Wherever possible, synthetic

• Designing safer chemicals - Chemical goods should be made with

• Safer solvents and auxiliaries - If feasible, auxiliary compounds

• Use of renewable feedstocks - Where technically and economically

• Reduce derivatives - The use of blocking groups,

• Catalysis - Stoichiometric reagents are inferior to catalytic

• Design for degradation - Chemical goods should be made to

• Real time analysis for pollution prevention - To enable real-time,

• Inherently safer chemistry for accident prevention - To reduce the

3) Atom economy, also known as atom efficiency, is a measure of the

4) Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) is a framework

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