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9
Mathematics
Quarter 3,Wk.6 - Module 6
Proportion

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Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines

Math- Grade 9
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Quarter 3,Wk.6 - Module 6: Proportion
First Edition, 2020

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Mathematics
Quarter 3,Wk.6 - Module 6
Proportion

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 Table of Contents

What This Module is About........................................................................................................................i

What I Need to Know...................................................................................................................................i
How to Learn from this Module.................................................................................................................ii
Icons of this Module....................................................................................................................................ii

What I Know.................................................................................................................................................iii

Lesson 1:
Proportion................................................................................................................................................1
What I Need to Know......................................................................................................1
What’s New ....................................................................................................................2
What Is It.............................................................................................................................4
What’s More .....................................................................................................................5
What I Have Learned......................................................................................................7
What I Can Do..................................................................................................................8

Lesson 2:
Fundamental Theorem of Proportionality & Its Application...................9
What’s In.............................................................................................................................9
What I Need to Know......................................................................................................10
What’s New………………………………………………………………………………10
What Is It …………………………………………………………………………………11
What’s More ……………………………………………………………………………..13
What I Have Learned ……………………………………………………………14
What I Can Do …………………………………………………………………………..15

Summary…………………………………………………………………………………………..15
Assessment: (Post-Test) ……………………………………………………………………....16
Key to Answers…………………………………………………………………………………..18
References....................................................................................................................................24
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What This Module is About

After going through this module, you should be able to describe a proportion
and the theorems related to it. Furthermore, you should be able to apply the
fundamental theorems of proportionality to solve problems involving proportions.

What I Need to Know

Start Lesson 1 of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different

concepts previously studied and your skills in performing mathematical operations.
These knowledge and skills will help you in understanding proportion and the
theorems related to it. As you go through the lesson, think of this vital question:
“How are the different theorems on proportionality will help us solve problems
involving proportion?”. To find the answer, perform each activity.

i
How to Learn from this Module
To achieve the objectives cited above, you are to do the following:

• Take your time reading the lessons carefully.

• Follow the directions and/or instructions in the activities and exercises
diligently.
• Answer all the given tests and exercises.

Icons of this Module

What I Need to This part contains learning objectives that
Know are set for you to learn as you go along the
module.

What I know This is an assessment as to your level of

knowledge to the subject matter at hand,
meant specifically to gauge prior related
knowledge
What’s In This part connects previous lesson with that
of the current one.

What’s New An introduction of the new lesson through

various activities, before it will be presented
to you

What is It These are discussions of the activities as a

way to deepen your discovery and under-
standing of the concept.

What’s More These are follow-up activities that are in-

tended for you to practice further in order to
master the competencies.

What I Have Activities designed to process what you

Learned have learned from the lesson

What I can do These are tasks that are designed to show-

case your skills and knowledge gained, and
applied into real-life concerns and situations.

ii
 What I Know

PRE- ASSESSMENT

Let’s find out how much you already know about this topic. On a separate sheet,
write only the letter of the choice that you think best answers the question. Please
answer all items. During the checking, take note of the items that you were not able
to answer correctly and look for the right answers as you go through this module.

1. In 4 :7=16 :28 , 4 and 28 are called

a. extremes c. middle
b. means d. none of these
2. if 12, 21, 72, 126 are in proportion, then:
a. 12(21)=72(126 ) c. 12(126)=21(72)
b. 12(72)=21(126 ) d. none of these
3. The length and width of a rectangle are in a ratio 3:1 . If the width is 7 cm , then the
length of the rectangle is:
a. 14 cm b. 16 cm c. 18 cm d. 21 cm
4. If x, y and z are in proportion, then:
a. x : y =z : x c. x : y =z : y
b. x: y=y: z d. x : z= y : z
5. You’ve got 60 homework problems to do and it took you 10 minutes to do eight of
them. At that rate, how long will it take?
a. 75 minutes c. 600 minutes
b. 1 hour, 10 minutes d. 48 minutes
6. The Brgy. Ginebra Kings have won 3 PBA title in the last 11 years. At this rate, how
long will it take them to win 20 PBA titles?
a. 74 years c. 60 years
b. 55 years d. 220 years
7. The ratio of a basketball player’s completed free throws is 7 to 9. If he completed 21
free throws, find how many free throws he attempted. Round to the nearest whole
number if necessary.
a. 7 free throws c. 3 free throws
b. 16 free throws d. 27 free throws
8. The ratio of the weight of an object on Earth to the weight of the same object on Pluto
is 100 to 3. If a carabao weighs 3982 pounds on Earth, find the carabao’s weight on
Pluto. (Round to the nearest pound.)
a. 11, 946 lb c. 119 lb
b. 8 lb d. 1, 194, 600 lb
9. Pedro’s car averages 957 miles on its 29- gallon tank of gas. If Pedro runs out of gas
3
2 gallons
and a mechanic comes to his rescue with 4 of gas, determine how far his
car can go. Round to the nearest mile.
a. 92 mi c. 91 mi
b. 58 mi d. 182 mi
10. Find the distance that will allow the board to balance.

iii
 1 1 19 4
4 16 4 16
a. 9 b. 9 c. 20 d. 11
11. What line do you need to use the triangle proportionality theorem?
a. A line parallel to one of the sides of a triangle
b. A skew line
c. A perpendicular line
d. A random line
12. In the figure, AB // DE . What is the value of y?

a. 15 b. 12 c. 6 d. 9

13. In the figure, PQ // ST . What is the value of x?

a. 5 b. 10 c. 8 d. 14
14. Find the length of unknown part assuming the segments are divided
proportionally.
x 6 12 4

a. 2 b. 4 c. 10 d. 12

15. In a sports meet, groups of boys and girls are to be formed. Each group
consists of 4 boys and 6 girls. How many boys are required, if 102 girls are
available for such groupings?
a. 60 boys b. 68 boys c. 70 boys d. 54 boys

iv
16. Find the length of unknown part assuming the segments are divided
proportionally.

8 x 3 2

a. 12 b. 24 c. 18 d. 6

For #’s 17 to 20, find the values of x and/or y

a. 180 cm
b. 20 cm
c. 10 cm
d. 18 cm
17.

a. 15 cm
b. 20 cm
c. 25 cm
d. 30 cm
18.

a. 10 cm
b. 3 cm
c. 2 cm
d. 12 cm
19.

a. 32 cm
b. 20 cm
c. 24 cm
d. 18 cm

20.

v
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vi
 Lesson

1 Proportion

What I Need to Know

Start Lesson 1 of this module by assessing your knowledge of the different

concepts previously studied and your skills in performing mathematical operations.
These knowledge and skills will help you in understanding proportion and the
theorems related to it. As you go through the lesson, think of this vital question:
“How are the different theorems on proportionality will help us solve problems
involving proportion?”. To find the answer, perform each activity.

Activity 1. What Makes Me True?

Directions: Find the value of the unknown variable of the following mathematical
sentences. Answer the questions that follow.

5 10
=
1. 3 n=27 6. 7 r
16 t
=
2. 10 y=45 7. 64 4
s 9
=
3. 10 x=215 8. 4 27
2 3 12 h
= =
4. x 30 9. 36 4
y 4 5 25
= =
5. 7 14 10. y 35

Questions:

a. How did you find the solution/s of each mathematical sentence?

b. What Mathematics concepts or principles did you apply to come up with the
solution/s?

1
 What’s New

Activity 2. Let’s be fair- proportion please!

Ratio is used to compare two or more quantities. Quantities involved in ratio are of
the same kind so that ratio does not make use of units. However, when quantities
are of different kinds, the comparison of the quantities that consider the units is
called rate.

The equality of two ratios is called proportion. If the ratios a:b and c:d are equal,
a c
a :b =c :d or =
then we write b d (where b and d are nonzeros). It is read as “a is to
b as c is to d”.

Each number in a proportion is called a term. In the proportion a:b =c :d , the terms
a and d are called the extremes while the terms b and c are called the means.

Directions: The figures that follow show ratios or rates that are proportional. Study
the figures and complete the table that follows by indicating proportional quantities
on the appropriate column. Two or more proportions can be formed from some of the
figures. Examples are shown for your guidance.

A. B.

Fig. Ratios or Rates Proportional Quantities

2
 A Feet: Inches 2 ft : 24 in = 3 ft : 36 in

B Minutes: meters 3 min: 60 m= 4 min : 80 m

C Number of T- shirts: Amount 1 : 80 pesos = 3 : 240 pesos

Paid

Let us verify the accuracy of determined proportions by checking the equality of the
ratios or rates. Examples are done for you. Be reminded that the objective is to show
that the ratios or rates are equivalent. Hence, solutions need not be in the simplest
form.

Checking the equality of ratios or rates in the

Proportional Quantities
cited proportions
Solution 1: Simplifying Ratios

2 3 2 3 1 1
? → ? → =
24 36 2(12 ) 3(12) 12 12 Solution 2: Simplifying Cross Multiplied Factors
2 3
? →2( 36 )? 24 ( 3 )
24 36
2( 3)( 12 )=( 2 )(12 )( 3)
Solution 3: Cross Products
A 3 ft : 36 in = 4 ft : 48 in
2 3
? →2(36 )? 24 (3 )→72=72
24 36
Solution 4: Products of means and extremes
2 ft : 24 in = 3 ft : 36 in
72

72

3 min : 60 m =6 min : 120 m 3 4 3 4 1 1

? → ? → =
B 60 80 3(20) 4 (20) 20 20
1 : 80 pesos =3 : 240 pesos 1 3 1 3 1 1
C ? → ? → =
80 240 80 3(80) 80 80

The solution in the table that follows shows that corresponding quantities are
proportional. In short, they form a proportion because the ratios are equal.

3 ft : 36 in = 4 ft : 48 in Solution:

3 4 3 4 1 1
? → ? → =
36 48 3(12) 4(12) 12 12
3
With the aforementioned explanation, complete the definition of proportion.

Proportion is the ___________________________ of two ratios.

What Is It

Activity 3: Certainly, The Ratios are Equal!

The properties that follow show several ways of rewriting proportions that do not alter
the meaning of their values.

Fundamental Rule of Proportion

w y
=
If w x = y : z , then x z provided that x ≠ 0 ; z ≠ 0.
Properties of Proportion
Cross- multiplication w y
If = , then wz = xy ; x≠0 , z≠0
Property x z
w y w x
Alternation Property If = , then = ; x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0, z ≠ 0
x z y z
w y w x
Inverse Property If = , then = ; w ≠ 0, x ≠ 0, y ≠ 0, z≠ 0
x z y z
w y w+x y+z
Addition Property If = , then = ; x ≠ 0, z ≠ 0
x z x z
w y w−x y−z
Subtraction Property If = , then = ; x ≠ 0, z ≠ 0
x z x z
u w y u w y u+ y+w
If = = , then = = = =k;
Inverse Property v x z v x z v+x+z
where K is a cons tan t at proportionality and x ≠ 0 , x ≠ 0, 2 ≠ 0.

Directions: Rewrite the given proportions according to the property indicated in the
table and find out if the ratios in the rewritten proportions are still equal.

Use the cross-

multiplication property
to verify that ratios are
equal. Simplify if
necessary. One is done
for you.
x y
Original Proportion = 5x= 4 y
4 5
Alternate Property of the

4
 original proportion
Inverse Property of the
original proportion
Addition Property of the
original proportion
Subtraction Property of
the original proportion
Hint: Create two separate
proportions without using
k.
Sum Property of the x x +a
original proportion Is equal to ?
4 9
y x +a
Is equal to ?
5 9

When k is considered in the sum property of the original proportion, the following
x y
= k → x = 4 k and = k → y = 5k .
proportions can be formed: 4 5 When we substitute the
value of x and y to the original proportion, all ratios in the proportion are equal to k,
representing the equality of ratios in the proportion.

x y x+a
= = =k
4 5 9
4 k 5k 4k + 5k
= = =k
4 5 9
4 k 5k 9k
= = =k
4 5 9

What’s More

Activity 4: Solving Problems Involving Proportion

Directions: Study the example on how to determine indicated quantities from a given
proportion, then solve the items labeled as your task.

5
 Examples c
Find Your
if Task
1. If a :b=4 :3 , find 3 a−2b :3 a +b d
Solution: 5 c−2 d :10=3 c−d =7

a 4 4b
= →a=
b 3 3
4b
Using a=
3
2. If x and y represent two non- zero numbers, find the ratio Solve for 2the ratio 2
m: n if m +3 mn−10 n =0
3 a−2b 2 3 ( )
3
4b
Ify dif, e2=xand+xy−3
−2 b
2 =4 b−2 b =2 b =2
f represent
3. x: y =0.2−e
three
2 positive
2
b 5. numbers such that If a:b=4 :3, evaluate 4 a+b:8 a+b
3 a+b
d :e : f =4
d, e and f. 3
Solution
( )
3
4:3b:2 and d4 b+b
+b
−f 5=27 Find the values of

step 1:2 x 2, +xy−3 y 2=0 step 4 :2x=−3 y or x= y

Therefore
3 a−2b :3 a+b=2:5 2 x −3 y x y
step 2:(2 x+3 y )(x− y)=0 step5 : = or =
2y 2y y y
Solution: x −3 x 1
step 3:2 x+3 y=0 or step 6: = or =
y 2 2
y 1
x− y=0 d e f 3 k 27
step 1 : Let = Hence = =k, x:
, k y=−3
≠0 :2 stepor8 :1: 1 =
4 3 2 3 3
2
step 2 : So , d=4 k ; e=3 k ; f =2 k step 9: k =9
step 3 :d 2−e e−f 2=27 step 10 : k ={ 3 ,−3 }
step 4 : ( 4 k ) −(3 k ) −(2 k )2 =27 Notice that we need to
2 2
Find the value of m if
r
4. stepIf5 : 16
s 2 t 25r−6 2s−7 t
= k =−9=k −4 k =27 . Find reject
x. −3 because d , e and f a =b =c =5 a−6 b−2 c
2 3 2 4 x2
step 6 : 16 k −13 k =27 are positive numbers . 1 2 3 m
2
step 7 : 3 k =27 Therefore:
Solution
⋅d=4 k =4 (3)=12
⋅e=3 k =3(3 )=9
r s t 5r−6s−7t
Let = = = k=2(3 )=6=k. Then
⋅f =2
2 3 4 x
r=2 k , s=3k ,t=4k , and 5 r−6 s−7t=kx
5(2k )−6(3 k )−7( 4k )=kx
10 k−18 k−28 k=kx
−36 k=kx
x=−36
What I Have Learned

Activity 5: Dig Deeper!

6
Directions: Solve each of the following problems on proportion. Answer the questions
that follow.

1. Find the unknown value in the proportion 2: x =3: 9.

2. Find the unknown value in the proportion x :3=0 . 4 :0 . 5.
1 1 1
: = : x.
3. Find the unknown value in the proportion 3 4 9
1 3 7
x: 4 =3 :1 .
4. Find the unknown value in the proportion 10 4 8
5. Find the unknown value in the proportion: (2 x +1):2=( x+2 ):5

What I Can Do

Activity 6: Where in the Real World?

1. A rectangle field has an area of 300 square meters and a perimeter of 80

meters. What is the ratio of the length to the width of this field?
2. The length of the side of square A is half the length of the side of square B.
What is the ratio of the perimeter of square A to the perimeter of square B?
3. At the start of the week a bookshop had science and art books in the ratio 2:5.
By the end of the week, 20% of each type of books were sold and 2240 books
of both types were unsold. How many books of each type were there at the
start of the week?
4. At the start of the month a shop had 20-inches and 40-inches television sets
in the ratio 4:5. By the end of the month, 200 20-inches and 500 40-inches
were sold and the ratio of 20-inches to 40-inches television sets became 1:1.
How many television sets of each type were there at the start of the month?
5. A firefighter truck can hold 3000 gallons of water. A firefighter can deliver 160
gallons of water every 2 minutes.
a. How much water will be delivered in 10 minutes?
b. How long will it take for the firefighter to empty the tank?

7
 Lesson Fundamental Theorem Of
Proportionality and Its
2 Application

What’s In

Your previous knowledge and skills about proportion can be utilized particularly in
this activity. Let’s see if you still remember your past lessons. Let’s asses first your
knowledge on the different properties of proportion by answering the activity below.
Are you ready? Let’s begin!

Activity 1. Who Am I?

Identify the property used in each given proportion.

a c
1. If = , then ad = bc; b ≠ 0, d ≠ 0
b d

a c a−b c−d
2. If = , then = ; b ≠ 0, d ≠ 0
b d b d

a c a+b c +d
3. If = , then = ; b ≠ 0, d ≠ 0
b d b d

a c a b
4. If = , then = ; b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0, d ≠ 0
b d c d

a c b d
5. If = , then = ; a ≠ 0, b ≠ 0, c ≠ 0, d ≠ 0
b d a c

Question to Ponder!

8
In the activity that you did earlier, you were able to recall the different properties of
proportion. For further understanding, let’s have another activity related to the said
topic.

Activity 2. Can You Find Me?

1. Find the unknown value in the proportion ( 4 m+ 2 ) : 4=( 2m+ 4 ) : 10. Check if
necessary.
2. Solve for the ratio x:y if x 2+ 4 xy −12 y 2=0

What I Need to Know

In this module, you will learn Fundamental Theorem of

Proportionality. You will also learn to appreciate the importance of
the theorem in solving real-life problems. Series of activities are
given to you for better understanding of the topic. If you find it
difficult in answering the exercises/activities, seek the assistance
of your teacher or peers or refer to the module you have
undergone earlier.

What’s New

Consider the problem below. Find the value of x.

x X+8

18 24

By looking at the problem above, we created some questions in our mind. “How are
we going to solve this kind of problem?” “How to apply the fundamental theorem of
proportionality to solve this problem?” “What does the Fundamental theorem of
proportionality states?”

9
 What Is It

Discussion

Fundamental theorem of proportionality states that if a line parallel to one side of a

triangle intersects the other two sides, then it divides those sides proportionally.

a c

d
b

a c
A proportion such as = can be arranged in many ways
b d

Down Up

a c c a b d d b
= or = = or =
b d d b a c c a

Right Left

a b b a c d d c
= or = = or =
c d d c a b b a

Proof
A
Given: In Δ ABC, KM ∥ BC .

BK CM K 1 3 M
Prove: =
KA MA
2 4
B C

Statements Reasons
1. Δ ABC w/ KM ∥ BC . 1. Given
2. Corresponding angles are
2. ∠ 1 ≅ ∠ 2; ∠3 ≅∠ 4
congruent.
3. Δ ABC ≅ Δ AKM 3. AA Similarity Theorem
BA CA 4. Corresponding sides of congruent
4. =
KA MA triangles are proportional.
5. BA=BK + KA ; CA=CM + MA 5. Segment Addition Postulate

10
 BK + KA CM + MA 6. Statements 4 & 5; Substitution
6. =
KA MA Property
7. Separation of Fractions (note that
BK KA CM MA KA
7. + = + ∧MA
KA KA MA MA both KA )
is equal ¿ 1
MA
BK CM
8. = 8. Subtraction Property of Equality
KA MA

Illustrative Example 1. Form proportion using the figure below.

m t

a h

Answers: There are four possible answers on this. We have,

m t t m
1. = or =
a h h a

a h h a
2. = or =
m t t m

m a a m
3. = or =
t h h t

t h h t
4. = or =
m a a m

Illustrative Example 2. Find the value of x.

Solution:

We can use either of the four. So, we have

x x +8
=
18 24

24 x=18 ( x +8 ) Cross-multiplication Property

24 x=18 x +144 Distributive Property

11
 24 x−18 x=144 Subtraction Property of Equality

6 x=144 Simplify

x=24

Therefore, x = 24.

Activity 3. DIY (Do It Yourself)!

Read, analyze, and answer the problem.

Ms. Divine wants to make a triangular garden for their Gulayan sa Paaralan. She
divided the triangular garden assigned to her class and wants to have water
drainage in between of the two groups as shown in her sketch below. The distances
shown are in meters. Find the distance of the first side of the garden. Note that the
water drainage is parallel to the third side of the garden and the sketch is not drawn
for scale.

1st side
x 3rd side

2 Water
drainage

2.5 5

2nd side

What’s More

Solve the following problems.

1. Solve for the unknown side and find the perimeter of the figure below.
Note that the figure is not
drawn to scale.

12
 2. In triangle ABC, D and E are the points on AB and AC. DE ll BC.
BD = 30, EC = 15, AC = 22. Find AD. (Draw the figure)

3. Based on the figure below if OH = 18, ET = 40, TY = 30 and HY = 51,

solve for EO and find the perimeter of triangle EHY. Note that the
figure is not drawn to scale.

What I Have Learned

Analyze and solve the problem.

1. Based on the map below, Andres Bonifacio St. is parallel to the national high
way. If Mabini St. is 2.5km, Luna St. is 2km, and Rizal St. is 3km, how long is
Baltazar St.?

COMPLETE THE STATEMENT. If a line _______ to one side of a triangle

______ the other two sides, then it ______ those sides proportionally. It is
known as _______________.

13
 What I Can Do

Problem Solving. Show your solution.

1. Solve for x.
x

X + 10

18 3

2. ABC is a triangle. D and E are points on AB and AC. If BD = 4 cm, AD = 8 cm,

CE = 9 cm. Find AE.

3. Solve for the value of x. x

4m

12 18m

Summary

 Proportion is the equality of two ratios.

 Rate compares two or more quantities with the different results.
 Ratio compares two or more quantities with the same results.
 Fundamental theorem of proportionality states that if a line parallel to one side
of a triangle intersects the other two sides, then it divides those sides
proportionally.

14
 Assessment: (Post-Test)

Directions: Choose and write the letter of your answer in the space provided
before each number.

____1. Which ratio is different from the others?

a. 8 to 15 c. 8:15
8
b. 15:8 d. 15
____2. A company has a machine that paints 40 cars in 8 hours. At what rate is the
machine painting cars?
a. 5 minutes per car c. 12 minutes per car
b. 16 minutes per car d. 24 minutes per car
____3. The ratio of market prices of wheat and paddy is 2: 3 and the ratio of
quantities consumed in a family is 5: 4. Find the ratio of expenditure of wheat
and paddy.
a. 6: 5 c. 1: 1
b. 5: 6 d. 8: 15
____4. In a library, the ratio of number of story books to that of non-story books was
4:3 and total number of story books was 1248. When some more story
books were bought, the ratio became 5:3. Find the number of story books
bought.
a. 312 b. 936
b. 321 d. 1560
1 2 3
: :
____5. The three numbers are in the ratio 2 3 4 . The difference between
greatest and smallest numbers is 36. Find the numbers.
a. 72, 84, 108 c. 72, 84, 96
b. 60, 72, 96 d. 72, 96, 108
____6. If A :B=2 :3 , B :C=4 :5 and C : D=6 :7 , then A : B :C : D is
a. 18 :24 :30 :35 c. 16 :22:30 :35
b. 16 :24 :30 :35 d. 16 :24 :15 :35

____7. Michelle took a trip to Mexico. Upon leaving she decided to convert all of
her Mexican Pesos back into US dollars. How many US dollars did she
receive if she exchanged 42.7 Mexican Pesos at a rate of $5.30: 11.1
Mexican Piso?
a. $30.39 c. $10.29
b. $20.38 d. $20.39
____8. Crayola Factory can make 2400 crayons in 4 minutes. How many can be
made in 15 min?
a. 9 000 b. 36 000 c. 4 000 d. 10 000

15
____9. Jennie rides a bus from Ozamis City to Cagayan de Oro City. The speed of
the bus is 40 km/hour. If the distance between Ozamis City and Cagayan
de Oro City is 160 km. How long will it takes Jennie to Travel? (Note:
speed=distance/time)
a. 5 hrs b. 4 hrs c. 2 hrs d. 3.5 hrs

____10. In Δ ORU, T and E are points on the sides OR and RU respectively such
that TE || OU. If OT = 6 cm, TR = 15 cm, and RE = 10 cm, find EU.
a. 4 cm b. 9 cm c. 10 cm d. 5 cm
____11. In Δ ABC, D and E are points on the sides AC and BC respectively such
that AB || DE. Find the value of x given that BC = 15 cm, BE = 5 cm, AD = 7
cm, and DC = x+3.
a. 12 cm b. 10 cm c. 11 cm d. 13 cm
____12. In Δ XYZ, T and W are points on the sides XZ and YZ respectively such
that XY || TW. Find ZW if WY = 5 cm, TX = 4 cm, and TZ = 8 cm
a. 12 cm b. 10 cm c. 11 cm d. 13 cm
____13. . In Δ PQR, T and S are points on the sides RQ and PR respectively such
that ST || PQ. What is the length of RS if RT = 4 cm, TQ = 16 cm, and SP =
20 cm
a. 5 cm b. 10 cm c. 7 cm d. 14 cm
For #’s 14 to 17, find the values of a or b.

____14.
a. 70
b. 69
c. 78
d. 108

____15.
a. 4
b. 8
c. 3
d. 6

____16.
a. 4
b. 8
c. 3
d. 6

____17.
a. 14
b. 16
c. 10
d. 20

16
____18. Biologists need to know roughly how many fish live in a certain lake, but
they don't want to stress or otherwise harm the fish by draining or
dragnetting the lake. Instead, they let down small nets in a few different
spots around the lake, catching, tagging, and releasing 96 fish. A week
later, after the tagged fish have had a chance to mix thoroughly with the
general population, the biologists come back and let down their nets again.
They catch 72 fish, of which 4 are tagged. Assuming that the catch is
representative, how many fish live in the lake?
a. 1727 c. 1729
b. 1728 d. 1730
____19. You are installing rain gutters across the back of your house. The directions
1
say that the gutters should decline  4 inch for every four feet of lateral run.
The gutters will be spanning thirty-seven feet. How much lower than the
starting point (that is, how much lower than the high end) should the low
end of the gutters be?
5 5
2 inches 2 inches
a. 7 c. 9
5 5
2 inches 2 inches
b. 16 d. 10
____20. George has heard from two different sources about the pay range at a
particular company. One source says that the ratio of lowest pay to highest
pay is 3: 7. The other source says that the top earner annually makes
about P57,000 more than the lowest earner. What are the approximate
salaries for the highest and lowest earners? (Round to the nearest
thousand.)
a. Lowest: P43, 000; Highest P100, 000
b. Lowest: P43, 000; Highest P120, 000
c. Lowest: P45, 000; Highest P100, 000
d. Lowest: P45, 000; Highest P120, 000

Key to Answers

Pre- Assessment

1. a 11. a
2. a 12. a
3. d 13. a
4. b 14. a
5. a 15. b

17
 6. a 16. a
7. d 17. d
8. c 18. b
9. c 19. c
10. d 20. C

Lesson 1:

Activity 1:

1. n=9 6. r=14
9
y=
2. 2 7. t=1
43 4
x= s=
3. 2 8. 3
4
h=
4. x=20 9. 3
5. y=2 10. y=7

Activity 2:
Fig. Proportional Quantities Checking the equality of ratios or
rates in the cited proportions
A 1ft :12in=2ft :24 in 1 2 1 1
? → =
12 24 12 12
B 4 min:80 m=5 min: 100 m 4 5 1 1
? → =
80 100 20 20
C 3 :240 pesos=5: 400 pesos 3
?
5 1 1
→ =
240 400 80 80

Questions:

Definition of Proportion: Proportion is the equality of two ratios.

Activity 3:
Using cross- multiplication
Original Proportion property to find out if
Property of Proportion ratios equal?
x y
= 5x= 4 y
4 5
x 4
Alternation Property = 5x= 4 y
y 5
4 5
Inverse Property = 4 y=5 x→5 x=4 y
x y

18
 5( x+4)=4( y+5)
x+4 y +5
Addition Property = 5 x+20=4 y+20
4 5
5 x=4 y
5( x−4)=4( y−5)
x−4 y−5
Subtraction Property = 5 x−20=4 y−20
4 5
5 x=4 y
x x+y
For =
4 9
9 x? 4(x+ y )
9 x? 4 x+4 y
5 x=4 y
Sum Property of the x y x+ y
+ =
Original Proportion 4 5 9
y x+ y
For =
5 9
9 y? 5( x+ y)
9 y? 5x+5 y
4 y=5 x

Activity 4:

Spearhead the discussion of the examples on how to determine ratios in a

proportion and guide the students as they solve related exercises.

Activity 5:
41
x=
1. x=6 4. 5
1
x=−
2. x=2 . 4 5. 8
1
x=
3. 12
Activity 6:
1. Since L>W, we select the solution L=30 and W=10 and the L:W is equal to
30:10 or 3:1.
Ratio=4 x:8 x
2. =1:2
3. 2800 books at the start of the week
4. There are 1200 of the 20- inch TV sets and 1500 of the 40- inch TV sets.
5. A. 800 gallons of water will be delivered in 10 minutes
B. T=37.5 or 37 minutes and 30 seconds

Lesson 2:

Activity 1:
1. Cross-multiplication Property
19
 2. Subtraction Property
3. Addition Property
4. Alternation Property
5. Inverse Property

Activity 2:
1. Solution:
4 m+2 2 m+ 4
=
4 10
10(40m+2) = 4(2m+4)
40m + 20 = 8m + 16
40m – 8m = 16 – 20
32m = - 4
−1
m=
8

2. Solution:
x2 + 4xy – 12y2 = 0
(x + 2y) (x – 6y) = 0
x + 2y = 0 or x – 6y = 0
x = - 2y or x = 6y
x x
=−2 or =6
y y

Hence, x:y = - 2:1 or 6:1

Activity 3:
Solution:
x 2
=
5 2.5

2.5x = 10
x=4

Therefore, the measure of the first side of the triangular garden is 2 + 4 = 6 m

What’s More
1. Solution:
x 8
=
15 10
10 x=120
x=12
P = 18m + 25m + 20m
P = 63m
Therefore, x = 12 and the perimeter of the figure is 63m.

2. Solution:
Let x = AD

20
 AD BD
=
AE EC

x 7
=
30 15

15x = 210

x = 14

Therefore, AD = 14

3. Solution:
EO ET
=
OH TY

X 40
=
18 30

X(30) = 18(40)

30X = 720

30 x 720
=
30 30

X = 24 Perimeter: 163

What I Have Learned

Solution:
Let x = Baltazar St.

x Luna
=
Rizal Mabini

x 2
=
3 2.5

2.5x = 6
x = 2.4 km

What I Can Do

1. Solution
x 3
=
x+10 18

x(18) = (x+10)(3)
18x = 3x + 30
18x – 3x = 30
15x = 30
x=2

21
 2. Solution A
x
8

D E
4 9
B C

x 9
=
8 4
4 x=72
x=18

3. Solution:

x 4
=
18 12

12 x=72
x=6
Post- Test

1. b 11. c
2. a 12 b
3. b 13. a
4. a 14. b
5. a 15. c
6. b 16. b
7. d 17. a
8. a 18. b
9. b 19. d
10. a 20. a

22
23
References

Merden L. Bryant, Leonides E. Bulalayao, Melvin M. Callanta, Jerry D. Cruz, Richard

F. De Vera, Gilda T. Garcia, Sonia E. Javier, Rose;ie A. Lazaro, Bernadeth J.
Mesterio, and Rommel Hero A. Saladino. 2014. Mathematics Grade 9 Learner’s
Module. Pasig City: Department of Education

Static.bigideasmath.com. 2020. [online] Available at:

https://static.bigideasmath.com/protected/content/pe/hs/sections/geo_pe_08_04.pdf
[Accessed 15 June 2020, 9:45 A.M.].

2020. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?

time_continue=340&v=YLtQmuTY5rI&feature=emb_logo [Accessed 16 June 2020,
1:47 P.M.].

1.cdn.edl.io. 2020. [online] Available at:

https://1.cdn.edl.io/tx1cACI4o5huhGUcZ4DAiQbaM666kX8Z0JSB8fPtiSbz2EzY.pdf
[Accessed 16 June 2020, 10:27 A.M.].

"Proportion Word Problems (Examples, Videos, Worksheets, Solutions, Activities)".

2020. Www.Onlinemathlearning.Com. https://www.onlinemathlearning.com/word-
problems-proportions.html. [Accessed 25 June 2020, 9:17 A.M.].

2020. Smc.Edu.
https://www.smc.edu/AcademicPrograms/Mathematics/MathLab/Documents/
M84%20Act%2020%20Proportions.pdf. [Accessed 27 June 2020, 4:10 P.M.].

2020. Lavc.Edu.
https://www.lavc.edu/math/library/math105/Worksheets/propsolveword.pdf.
[Accessed 29 June 2020, 10:27 A.M.].

"Ratio Problems With Answers For Grade 9". 2020. Analyzemath.Com.

https://www.analyzemath.com/middle_school_math/grade_9/ratio.html. [Accessed
08 July 2020, 10:35 A.M.].

Stapel, Elizabeth. 2020. "Proportions: Simple Exercises | Purplemath". Purplemath.

https://www.purplemath.com/modules/ratio4.htm. [Accessed 10 July 2020, 2:35
P.M.].

"Proportion Word Problems". 2020. Basic-Mathematics.Com. https://www.basic-

mathematics.com/proportion-word-problems.html. [Accessed 12 July 2020, 1:38
P.M.].

24
For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

DepEd Division of Cagayan de Oro City

Fr. William F. Masterson Ave Upper Balulang Cagayan de Oro
Telefax: ((08822)855-0048
E-mail Address: [email protected]

25
 Annex 1
EVALUATION TOOL FOR CONTENT
ADM DepEd-developed Modules

Learning Area: MATHEMATICS Grade Level: GRADE 9

Title: MATHEMATICS 9: Quarter 3, Wk.6 –Module 6, Proportion

Instructions:
1. Carefully read the learning resource (LR) page by page to evaluate the LR for compliance to
standards indicated in the criterion items under the six (6) factors below.
2. Put a check mark () in the appropriate column beside each criterion item. If your answer is NO,
cite specific pages, briefly indicate the errors found, and give your recommendations in the
attached Summary of Findings form.
3. Write Not Applicable (NA) for criterion items that does not apply in the LR evaluated.
4. Based on the number of criterion items marked “YES” under each factor, mark the appropriate
column to indicate if the LR complied or not to the standards.
5. For factors with items marked Not Applicable, count the total applicable criterion items and
multiply this with 75% to determine the cutoff for compliance.

Standards / Criterion Items Yes No

Factor I. Intellectual Property Rights Compliance
1. The learning resource has no copyright violations. 
2. The copyrighted texts and visuals used in the LR are cited. 
3. The copyrighted materials used in the LR are accurately cited. 
4. The references are properly cited in the Bibliography. 
Not
Complied
Note: At least 3 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance to this factor. Complied
4 0

Factor II. Learning Competencies

Content is consistent with the targeted DepEd Learning Competencies (LCs) intended for the
learning area and grade level.
Not
Complied
Note: The item must be marked YES to indicate compliance to this factor. Complied

Factor III. Instructional Design and Organization

1. The LR contributes to the achievement of specific objectives of the learning area and grade
level for which it is intended. 
2. Sequencing of contents and activities within each lesson facilitates achievement of
objectives. 
3. Content is suitable to the target learner’s level of development, needs, and experience.

4. Content reinforces, enriches, and / or leads to the mastery of the targeted learning
competencies intended for the learning area and grade level. 
5. Content is logically developed and organized throughout the material. (Lessons/activities are
arranged from simple to complex, from observable to abstract). 
6. The LR contains useful introductions, reviews, summaries, and other devices that facilitate
smooth progression from one lesson to another. 

7. Development of lessons allows for review, comparison, and integration with previous lessons. 
8. Motivational strategies (e.g., overviews, advance organizers, puzzles, games, etc.) are
provided. 
9. The LR uses various teaching and learning strategies to meet individual differences/ learning
styles. (if applicable) 

10. The LR develops higher cognitive skills (e.g., critical thinking skills, creativity, learning by

doing, problem solving) and 21st century skills.

26
 Standards / Criterion Items Yes No
11. The LR enhances the development of desirable values and traits such as: (Mark the

appropriate box with an “X” applicable for values and traits only)
11.1 Pride in being a Filipino X 11.2 Scientific attitude and reasoning
X 11.3 Striving for excellence 11.4 Love for country
11.5 Helpfulness, teamwork, cooperation 11.6 Unity
X 11.7 Desire to learn new things 11.8 Honesty & trustworthiness
11.9 Ability to know right from wrong 11.10 Respect
X 11.11 Critical and creative thinking X 11.12 Productive work
11.13 Others (Please specify) ____________________________

Not
Complied
Complied
Note: At least 8 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance to this factor.
10 1

Factor IV. Instructional Quality

1. Content and information are accurate. 
2. Content and information are up-to-date. 
3. The LR is free from any social content violations. 
4. LR is free from factual errors. 
5. LR is free from computational errors (if applicable) 
6. LR is free from grammatical errors. 
Not
Complied
Complied
Note: At least 5 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance to this factor.
6 0

Factor V. Assessment
1. The LR provides useful measures and information that help the teacher evaluate learner’s
progress in mastering the target competencies. 

2. Assessments are aligned with the specific objectives and content. 

3. The LR provides “self-checks,” ready-made achievement tests, and/or review activities. 
4. The LR provides variety of assessment types. 
5. Assessments have clear demonstration / examples, instructions, and/or rubrics to serve as
guide on how these will be used. 

6. Variety of activities within the LR are utilized to ensure active engagement of the learners. 
Not
Complied
Complied
Note: At least 5 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance to this factor.
6 0

Factor VI. Readability

1. Vocabulary level is adapted to target users’ experience and understanding. 
2. Length of sentences is suited to the comprehension level of the target user. 
3. Sentences and paragraph structures are varied and appropriate to the target user. 

4. There is logical and smooth flow of ideas within a lesson and from lesson to lesson. 
5. There is consistently good use of transition devices to focus on the main topics and signal a
change of topic. 

6. Lessons, instructions, exercises, questions, and activities are clear to the target user. 
Note: At least 5 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance to this factor. Complied Not
Complied

27
 Standards / Criterion Items Yes No
6 0

Recommendation: (Please put a check mark () in the appropriate box.)

 Minor revision. This material is found compliant to the minimum requirements in all six
factors. Revision based on the recommendations included in the Summary of Content
Findings form and LR with marginal notes must be implemented.

 Major revision. This material is non-compliant to the requirements in one or more factors.
Revision based on the recommendations included in the Summary of Content Findings
form and LR with marginal notes must be implemented.


 For field validation. This material is found compliant to all factors with NO corrections.

I certify that this evaluation report and the recommendation(s) in the summary report are my own and
have been made without any undue influence from others.

Evaluator: DANTE M. ALBOROTO

Signature: _______________________________

Date Accomplished: ________January 10, 2021___________

28
Annex 2

Summary of Content Findings for ADM DepEd-developed Modules

Title of LR: MATHEMATICS 9: Quarter 3, Wk.6 – Module 6, Proportion

Grade Level: GRADE 9

Specific
Paragraph / Line /
Brief Description of Errors/ Recommendations for
Page number
Findings/ Observations Improving the
(in Chronological Order)
Identified Criterion

 Minor Error

Prepared by: Date accomplished:

DANTE M. ALBOROTO ___January 10, 2021

Name and Signature of the Evaluator

29
 Annex 1

EVALUATION TOOL FOR LAYOUT AND DESIGN

DepEd-developed Learning Resource

Learning Area: MATHEMATICS Grade Level: GRADE 9

Title: MATHEMATICS 9: Quarter 3, Wk.6 –Module 6, Proportion

Instructions:

1. Carefully read the learning resource (LR) page by page to evaluate the LR for compliance
to standards indicated in the criterion items under the four (4) factors below.
2. Put a check mark () in the appropriate column beside each criterion item. If your answer
is NO, cite specific pages, briefly indicate the errors found, and give your
recommendations in the attached Summary of Findings, Corrections, and Review form.
3. Write Not Applicable (NA) for criterion items that does not apply in the LR evaluated.
4. Based on the number of criterion items marked “YES” under each factor, mark the
appropriate column to indicate if the LR complied or not to the standards.
5. For factors with items marked Not Applicable, count the total applicable criterion items
and multiply this with 70% to determine the cutoff for compliance.

Standards / Criterion Items Yes No

Factor I. Physical Attributes
A. Cover Page
1. Cover art is appropriate, relevant, and interesting. 

2. Cover elements are correct and complete. (i.e., w/ grade indicator & learning
area, book title & type (LM, TG), cover art, DepEd text entries, spine entries, 
back cover entries)
B. Front Matter Pages
1. All necessary elements are complete (e.g., title page, copyright page, table of

contents, and introduction / preface (optional)).
2. Page numbers are set in lowercase roman numerals; centered at the bottom

of the page; no page numbers on the title and copyright pages.
C. Inside Pages
1. Beginning page of the LR consistently falls on the right-hand page. 
2. Pagination is set in Arabic numerals and centered at the bottom of the page. 
3. Spaces between letters, words, and paragraphs facilitate reading. 
4. Page endings do not end with a hyphenated word or an awkward page turn.

(i.e., there are at least two lines of text below a text head at the foot of a page.)
5. There is a maximum of only three consecutive hyphenated words in a

paragraph.
6. Pages have no bad breaks which affect readability. 

D. Back Matter Pages

1. Has useful back matter pages (e.g., glossary, bibliography, index, appendix, 

30
 etc.)
Not
Note: At least 8 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance Complied
Complied
to this factor.
10 1
Factor II. Design and Layout
1. Consistency of elements (i.e., main heads, subheads, sections, and subsections

are consistently classified)
2. Simple (i.e., does not distract the attention of the reader) 

3. Attractive and pleasing to look at 

4. Adequate illustrations in relation to text 

5. Harmonious blending of elements (e.g. Illustrations & text) 

6. Suitable to the target users 

Not
Note: At least 4 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance Complied
Complied
to this factor.
6 0
Factor III. Typographical Organization
(e.g., size of letters, choice of font, use of boldface and italics, etc.)
1. Size of letters is appropriate for the target user. 


2. Font styles used are appropriate for the target user and easy to read.
3. Size of letters and choice of font enable the target users to easily identify 
themes / ideas and rank them in order of importance.
4. The use of boldface and italics are relevant and appropriate to the text. 

Not
Note: At least 3 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance Complied
Complied
to this factor.
4 0

Factor IV. Visuals (e.g., illustrations, photographs, maps, tables, graphs, etc.)
1. Supplement the text 
2. Clarify the concept / topic and facilitate comprehension 
3. Consistently clear in content and detail 
4. Relevant to the learner’s age, culture, and life situation 
5. Sustain interest and do not distract the learner’s attention 
6. Appropriately placed in the page and proportionately drawn in size 
7. Properly labelled / captioned (if needed) 

8. Artistically appealing, simple, and easily recognizable

9. Realistic and use appropriate color (optional) where needed

10. Colored visuals are set in greyscale for black-and-white reproduction

11. Line drawings are not shaded to avoid poorly and blotchy printed pages
12. Illustrations of animals and people are facing inside the page N/A
13. Illustrations of a process involving separate steps or actions have 

31
 individual pictures or frames
Complied Not
Note: At least 9 criterion items must be marked YES to indicate compliance Complied
to this factor. 12 0

Recommendation: (Please put a check mark (√) in the appropriate box.)

Minor revision. This material is found compliant to the minimum requirements of

all four factors. Revision based on the recommendations included in the Summary
of Findings, Corrections, and Review form and LR with marginal notes must be
implemented.

Major revision. This material is non-compliant to the requirements in one or more

factors. Revision based on the recommendations included in the Summary of
Findings, Corrections, and Review form and LR with marginal notes must be
implemented.

 For field validation. This material is found

compliant to all factors with NO corrections.

I / We certify that this evaluation report and the recommendation(s) in the summary report
are my / our own and have been made without any undue influence from others.

Evaluators: _____DANTE M. ALBOROTO

Signature: _______________________________

Date Accomplished: ________January 10, 2021______

32
Annex 2
Summary of Layout and Design Findings for DepEd-developed Learning Resource

Title of LR: MATHEMATICS 9: Quarter 3, Wk.6 –Module 6, Proportion

Grade Level: GRADE 9

Specific
Paragraph / Line /
Brief description of Errors/ recommendations for
Page number
Findings/ Observations improving the identified
(in chronological order)
criterion
No cover art in the front outside Make cover art in the
Front outside cover
cover front outside cover

Evaluator: _____DANTE M. ALBOROTO

Signature: _______________________________

Date Accomplished: ________JANUARY 10, 2021___________

33
Annex 1
Summary of Language Findings for DepEd-developed Learning Resources
ADM Modules

Title of Module: MATHEMATICS 9: Quarter 3, Wk.6 –Module 6, Proportion

Grade Level: GRADE 9

Writer: ARCHESS R. PIZON, IVY P. COMAJIG

Illustrator: _____________________________

Paragraph / Line /
Page Number Brief Description of Errors/ Specific Recommendations
(in chronological Findings/ Observations for Improvement
order)
Minor Error

Other Comments and Recommendations:

Prepared by: Date accomplished:

DANTE M. ALBOROTO JANUARY 10, 2021

Name and Signature of the Evaluator
34
35