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Percentile Classes
2D Geometry
Part 03
CIRCLE
(1) Equation of circle in different form

C(h, k) radius r Eq. (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2

C(0, 0) radius = r Eq. x2 + y2 = r2 C(h, k)
Circle touches x–axis (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = k2 •r=k
Circle touches y–axis (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = h2
Circle touches both axis (x – r)2 + (y – r)2 = r2 , r = h = k

C(r, r)
•

Circle touches x–axis at origin then centre lie on y–axis x2 + (y – k)2 = k2

C(0, k)
•
r=k

1. If x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 4 are equations of two diameters of a circle. If its radius is

10, then its equation will be

(a) x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y – 32 = 0
(b) x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y + 32 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + 16x – 4y – 32 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 16x – 4y + 32 = 0

2. The lines 2x – 3y = 5 and 3x – 4y = 7 are diameters of a circle of area 154 sq. units.
The equation of this circle is

(a) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 62
(b) x2 + y2 – 2x – 2y = 47
(c) x2 + y2 –2x +2y = 47
(d) x2 + y2 –2x +2y = 62

3. A circle with radius 3 touches y–axis at a distance +2 from the origin. Its equation is

(a) x2 + y2 +6x + 4y +4= 0

(b) x2 +y2 –6x –4y –4 = 0
(c) x2 + y2  6x – 4y + 4 = 0
(d) None

4. A circle of radius 5 units touches both the axes and lies in the first quadrant. If the
circle makes one complete roll on x-axis along the positive direction of x-axis, then
its equation in the new position is

(a) x2 +y2 + 20 x – 10y + 100 2 = 0

(b) x2 +y2 + 20 x + 10y + 100 2 = 0
(c) x2 +y2 – 20 x – 10y + 100 2 = 0
(d) none
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5. The equation of a circle which touches y –axis at a distance of 4units from the origin and
cuts an intercept of 6 units along the positive direction of x – axis.

(a) x2 + y2 +10x  8y +16 = 0

(b) x2 + y2 –10x  8y +16 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 –10x  8y –16 = 0
(d) None of these

6. The equation of a circle which touches the coordinates axes and the line x + y = 1 and
has its center situated remote from the origin with respect to the given line.

2 2 2
 1   1   1 
(a)  x −  + y −  = 
 2− 2   2− 2  2− 2 
2 2 2
 1   1   1 
(b)  x −  + y −  = 
 2 2  2− 2  2+ 2 
2 2 2
 1   1   1 
(c)  x −  +  y −  =  
 2 2  2 2 2− 2 
(d) None of these

7. The equation of the image of the circle x2 + y2 +16x – 24y +183 = 0 by the line mirror
4x +7y +13 =0 is

(a) x2 + y2 +32x –4y +235 = 0

(b) x2 + y2 +32x +4y –235 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 +32x –4y –235 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 +32x +4y +235 = 0

8. The equation of the circle passing through the center of the circle x2 + y2 – 4x – 6y = 8 and
being concentric with the circle. x2 + y2 – 2x – 8y = 5

(a) x2 – y2 – 2x – 8y – 15 = 0
(b) x2 + y2 + 2x + 8y + 15 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – 2x – 8y + 15 = 0
(d) none

9. Of the two concentric circles the smaller one has the equation x2+ y2 = 4. if the intercept on
the line x + y = 2 made between the two circles is 1, then the equation of the larger circle.

(a) x2 – y2 +5 – 22 = 0
(b) x2 – y2 –5 + 22 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 –5 – 22 = 0
(d) None

10. The centre of a circle is (1, 1) and its radius is 5 units. If the centre is shifted along the line
y – x = 0 through a distance 2 units, then the equation of the circle in the new position.

(a) x2 – y2 = 25 , x2 +y2 +4x –12y + 76 = 0

(b) 2(x2 +y2) = 25 , x2 +y2 – 4x +12y + 76 = 0
(c) x2 +y2 = 25 , x2 +y2 – 4x –12y + 76 = 0
(d) None of these

General equation of Circle

ax2 + 2hxy + by2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 to represent circle
 = abc + 2fgh – af2 – bg2 – ch2  0, a = b & h = 0

S = x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0 c(–g, –f)

r = ( g 2 + f 2 − c)

If r > 0 → real circle

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r = 0 → point circle,
r < 0 → imaginary circle

* If c = 0  the circle passes through the origin

f = 0  centre is on x axis,
g = 0  centre is on y–axis
11. The centre of the circle 2x2 + 2y2 +12x –16y = 5 is

(a) (3, – 4) (b) (– 3, 4)

(c) (6, – 8) (d) (– 6, 8)

12. The radius of the circle x2 +y2 +2x cos  +2y sin  = 8 is
2
(a) 1 (b) 3 (c) (d) 10
3

13. If the points (0,0), (1,0), (0,1) and (t , t) are concyclic then t =

(a) –1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) –2

14. A circle has radius 3 units and its centre lies on the line y = x – 1.Then the equation of
the circle if it passes through the points (7, 3 ).

(a) x2 +y2 – 14x – 15 = 0 or x2 + y2 + 14x –12y +76 = 0

(b) x2 +y2 + 14x + 15 = 0 or x2 – y2 – 14x –12y +76 = 0
(c) x2 +y2 – 14x + 15 = 0 or x2 + y2 – 14x –12y +76 = 0
(d) none

15. The equation of the circle which passes through the points (–1, 2) and (3, –2) and whose
center lies on the line x – 2y = 0

(a) x2 + y2 – 4x – 2y –5 = 0
(b) x2 – y2 – 4x – 2y –5 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 + 4x + 2y +5 = 0
(d) none of these

16. The locus of the centre of the circle (x cos  + y sin  – a)2 + (x sin  – y cos  + a)2 = a2 is

(a) x2 + y2 = a2
(b) x2 + y2 = 2a2
(c) x2 + y2 = 4a2
(d) x2 +y2 –2ax – 2ay +a2 = 0

17. If the equation px2 + (2 – q) xy + 3y2 – 6qx + 30y + 6q = 0 represents a circle, then
the values of p and q are

(a) 3, 1 (b) 2, 2
(c) 3, 2 (d) 3, 4

18. If 2x2 + xy + 2y2 + ( – 4) x + 6y – 5= 0 is the equation of a circle then its radius is

(a) 3 2 (b) 2 3
(c) 2 2 (d) none of these

 1 
19. If  mi ,  , i = 1, 2, 3, 4 are concyclic points, then the value of m1m2m3m4 is
 m 
i 

(a) 1 (b) – 1
(c) 0 (d) None

20. A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle of side a, the area of any square inscribed in the
circle is
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a2 2a 2
(a) (b)
3 3
a2 a2
(c) (d)
6 12

21. The equation (x2 + y2) – x – y +  = 0 represents a real circle if

(a)  > 2 (b)  < 2

1
(c)  > (d) None
2

22. The equation of circle which passes through the point (2, 0 ) and whose centre is the limit
of the point of intersection of the line 3x + 5y =1 and (2 + c ) x+ 5c2 = 1 as c tends to 1.

(a) (x2 + y2) –20 x + 2y – 80 = 0

(b) 25(x2 + y2) –20 x + 2y – 80 = 0
(c) 25(x2 – y2) +20 x – 2y – 80 = 0
(d) none

Eq. of circle in Diameter form :

P(x, y)

A (x1, y1) B (x2, y2)

x2 + y2 – x (x1 + x2) – y (y1 + y2)+ (x1x2 + y1y2) = 0

Equation of circumcircle
(a) For right angle triangle → hypotenuse is diameter
(b) For squre or rectangle → diagonal is diameter
(c) For triangle whose equation of sides say l1 , l2 and l3 are given then use
l1 .l2 +  l2 .l3 +  .l3 .l1 = 0 , then use condition for representing 2nd degree equation a circle
C
l1 = 0 l3 = 0
A B
l2 = 0

(d) If one angle at circumference is other then 900 then equation of circle will be obtained by using formula for
angle between two lines

23. ABCD is a square with each side of length a. The

equation of the circumcircle ABCD with AB and AD as axes will be

(a) x2 + y2 +a (x + y) = 0
(b) x2 + y2 + 2a (x +y) = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – a (x + y) = 0
(d) x2 +y2 – a (x + y) =0

24. The circumcircle of the quadrilateral formed by the lines x = a, x = 2a, y = – a, y = a is

(a) x2 + y2 + 3ax + a2 = 0
(b) x2 + y2 – 3ax – a2 = 0
(c) x2 + y2 – 3ax + a2 = 0
(d) x2 + y2 + 3ax – a2 = 0

25. The circle described on the line joining the points (0,1),(a, b) as diameter cuts the x–axis in the
points whose abscissa are roots of the equation

(a) x2 +ax +b = 0 (b) x2 –ax +b = 0

(c) x2 +ax –b = 0 (d) x2 –ax –b = 0
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* Parametric equation
x = a cos , y = a sin  for x2 + y2 = a2,
x = h + a cos , y = k + a sin  for (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = a2
x = –g +r cos, y= –f + r sin  for x2 +y2 +2gx +2fy + c = 0

* Condition for two circle to touch or intersect

C1 R C2 F

c1c2 = r1 + r2 then circle touches externally, P divides c1c2 internally in ratio of r1 : r2

c1c2 = | r1 – r2 | then circle touches internally, P
divides c1c2 externally in ratio of r1 : r2
| r1 – r2 | < c1c2 < | r1 + r2 | intersect
r1 + r2 < c1c2 < | r1 – r2 |do not cut or intersect

1 1 1
* circle x2 + y2 +2gx+c2 = 0 and x2 + y2 +2fy + c2 = 0 touch each other, then + = .
2 2
g f c2
length of intercept on x–axis AB = 2 g 2 − c
AB = 2 g 2 − c )

C(h, k)
•
A B

length of interscept on y–axis CD = 2 f 2 − c

CD = 2 f 2 − c )

26. If the circle x2 + y2 + 2ax + 8y + 16 = 0 touches x–axis then the value of a is

(a)  16 (b)  4
(c)  8 (d)  1

27. The length of the intercept made by the circle x2 + y2 = 1 on the line x + y = 1 is

(a) 2 (b) 2
1
(c) (d) 2 2
2

28. The AM of the abscissa of points of intersection of the circle x2 +y2 +2gx + 2fy +c = 0 with x – axis is

(a) g (b) – g
(c) f (d) – f

29. The sum of the intercepts made by the circle 2x2 + 2y2 + 3x – y + 1 = 0 on coordinate axes is
(a) 1 (b) 2
1 3
(c) (d)
2 2

30. Middle point of the chord of the circle x2 + y2 = 25 intercepted on the line x – 2y = 2 is

 3 4
(a)  ,  (b) ( –2, –2)
 5 5
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 2 4  8 1
(c)  ,−  (d)  , 
 5 5  3 3

31. If x2 + y2 = 9 and x2 + y2 + 8y + c = 0 though each other, then c is equal to

(a) 15 (b) – 15
(c) 16 (d) –16

32. The centre of a circle passing through the points (0, 0), (1, 0) and touching the circle x2 + y2 = 9 is

 3 1  1 3
(a)  ,  (b)  , 
 2 2  2 2
 1 1 1 
(c)  ,  (d)  ,− 2 
 2 2 2 

33. If circle x2 + y2 +2g1x + 2f1y = 0 and x2 + y2 + 2g2x + 2f2y = 0 touch each other, then

(a) g1 + g2 = f1 + f2 (b) g1g2 = f1f2

(c) f1g2 = f2g1 (d) f1g1 = f2g2

34. The circle (x – 2)2 + (y – 5)2 = a2 will be inside the circle (x – 3)2 + (y – 6)2 = b2 if

(a) b > a + 2 (b) a – b < 2

(c) a < 2 – b (d) a + b > 2

35. A square is inscribed in the circle x2 + y2 – 2x + 4y + 3 = 0, whose sides are parallel to the coordinate axis. One
vertex of the square is

(a) (1 + 2 , –2) (b) (1 – 2 , –2)

(c) (1, –2 + 2 ) (d) None of these

ANSWERS
1. A 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. C 10. C 11. B
12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. B
23. C 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C
34. A 35. D
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EXERCISE - 03

1. The lines 2 x − 3 y = 5 and 3x − 4 y = 7 are the diameters of a circle of area 154 square units. The equation
of the circle is
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 2 y = 62 (b) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + 2 y = 47
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 2 y = 47 (d) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + 2 y = 62
2. The equation of the circle which touches x-axis and whose centre is (1, 2), is
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + 4 y + 1 = 0
(b) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x − 4 y + 1 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x + 4 y + 1 = 0
(d) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 2 y + 4 = 0
3. ABC is a triangle in which angle C is a right angle. If the coordinates of A and B be (–3, 4) and (3, –4)
respectively, then the equation of the circumcircle of triangle ABC is
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 6 x + 8 y = 0
(b) x 2 + y 2 = 25
(c) x 2 + y 2 − 3 x + 4 y + 5 = 0
(d) None of these
4. The equation of the circle passing through the point (−1, − 3) and touching the line 4 x + 3 y − 12 = 0 at the
point (3, 0), is
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + 3 y − 3 = 0
(b) x 2 + y 2 + 2 x − 3 y − 5 = 0
(c) 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 − 2 x + 5 y − 8 = 0
(d) None of these
5. The equation of the circle passing through the origin and cutting intercepts of length 3 and 4 units from the
positive axes, is
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 6 x + 8 y + 1 = 0
(b) x 2 + y 2 − 6 x − 8 y = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 3 x + 4 y = 0
(d) x 2 + y 2 − 3 x − 4 y = 0
6. The equations of the circles touching both the axes and passing through the point (1, 2) are
(a) x + y − 2 x − 2 y + 1 = 0, x + y − 10 x − 10 y + 25 = 0
2 2 2 2

(b) x + y − 2 x − 2 y − 1 = 0, x + y − 10 x − 10 y − 25 = 0
2 2 2 2

(c) x + y + 2 x + 2 y + 1 = 0, x + y + 10 x + 10 y + 25 = 0
2 2 2 2

(d) None of these

7. The centre and radius of the circle 2 x 2 + 2 y 2 − x = 0 are
1  1  1  1
(a)  , 0  and (b)  − , 0  and
4  4  2  2
1  1  1 1
(c)  , 0  and (d)  0, −  and
2  2  4 4
8. If the centre of a circle is (2, 3) and a tangent is x + y = 1, then the equation of this circle is
(a) ( x − 2) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 8 (b) ( x − 2) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 3
(c) ( x + 2) 2 + ( y + 3) 2 = 2 2 (d) ( x − 2) 2 + ( y − 3) 2 = 2 2
9. The equation of a circle with centre (−4, 3) and touching the circle x 2 + y 2 = 1 , is
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 8 x − 6 y + 9 = 0
(b) x 2 + y 2 + 8 x + 6 y − 11 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 8 x + 6 y − 9 = 0
(d) None of these
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10. The equation to a circle whose centre lies at the point (–2, 1) and which touches the line 3x − 2 y − 6 = 0 at
(4, 3), is
(a) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x − 2 y − 35 = 0
(b) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x + 2 y + 35 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 + 4 x + 2 y + 35 = 0
(d) None of these
11. The length of intercept, the circle x 2 + y 2 + 10 x − 6 y + 9 = 0 makes on the x-axis is
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 6 (d) 8
12. The equation to the circle with centre (2, 1) and touching the line 3x + 4 y = 5 is
(a) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y + 5 = 0
(b) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y − 5 = 0
(c) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y + 4 = 0
(d) x 2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y − 4 = 0
13. Let P ( x1 , y1 ) and Q( x2 , y2 ) are two points such that their abscissa x1 and x2 are the roots of the equation
x2 + 2 x − 3 = 0 while the ordinates y1 and y 2 are the roots of the equation y 2 + 4 y − 12 = 0 . The centre of
the circle with PQ as diameter is
(a) (−1, −2) (b) (1, 2)
(c) (1, −2) (d) (−1,2)
14. Four distinct points (2k ,3k ), (1, 0)(0,1) and (0,0) lie on a circle for
(a) V k  I (b) k  0
(c) 0  k  1 (d) For two values of k
15. The centre of circle inscribed in square formed by the lines x2 − 8x + 12 = 0 and y 2 − 14 y + 45 = 0 , is

(a) (4, 7) (b) (7, 4)

(c) (9, 4) (d) (4, 9)

SOLUTION
EXERCISE - 03
1. (b) Centre of circle = Point of intersection of diameters = (1, –1)
Now area = 154   r 2 = 154  r = 7
Hence the equation of required circle is
( x − 1) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 = 7 2  x 2 + y 2 − 2 x + 2 y = 47 .
2. (b) Centre (1, 2) and since circle touches x-axis, therefore, radius is equal to 2.
Hence the equation is ( x − 1) 2 + ( y − 2) 2 = 22
 x2 + y 2 − 2x − 4 y + 1 = 0 .
3. (b) AB must be diameter because semi-circle subtends right angle to circumference. Therefore, find the
equation of circle as the line joining the points A(−3, 4) and B(3, − 4) as diameter.
4. (a) Let the equation be
x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 ….(i)
But it passes through (−1, − 3) and (3, 0) therefore
10 − 2 g − 6 f + c = 0 ….(ii)
9 + 6g + c = 0 ….(iii)
Also centre is C (− g , − f ) .
4 3
Slope of tangents = −  Slope of normal =
3 4
f 3
 =  3g − 4 f + 9 = 0 .....(iv)
3+ g 4
Now on solving (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
3
g = −1, f = and c = −3
2
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Therefore, the equation of circle is

x2 + y 2 − 2x + 3 y − 3 = 0 .
3 
5. (d) Obviously the centre of the circle is  , 2  .
2 
Therefore, the equation of circle is
2 2
 3 5
 x −  + ( y − 2) =    x + y − 3x − 4 y = 0 .
2 2 2

 2 2
6. (a) Equation of circle touching both the axes will be x 2 + y 2 − 2ax − 2ay + a 2 = 0
Also it passes through (1, 2), therefore a = 5,1.
Hence the equations of circles are
x2 + y 2 − 2x − 2 y + 1 = 0
and x 2 + y 2 − 10 x − 10 y + 25 = 0 .
1
7. (a) The circle is x 2 + y 2 − x =0.
2
1  1 1
Centre (− g , − f ) =  , 0  and R = +0−0 = .
4  16 4
8. (a) Find the radius by finding perpendicular distance from centre of the circle on the tangent and then find the
equation of circle.
9. (a) Centre is (−4, 3)
Radius = Distance between centres – Radius of other circle = 5 − 1 = 4
Hence equation of circle is x 2 + y 2 + 8 x − 6 y + 9 = 0 .
10. (a) Centre (–2, 1), radius = 36 + 4 = 40
Hence equation of circle is x 2 + y 2 + 4 x − 2 y − 35 = 0 .
11. (d) Comparing the given equation with x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0 , we get g = 5
 Length of intercept on x-axis = 2 g 2 − c

= 2 (5) 2 − 9 = 8.
12. (c) Centre : (2, 1)
Radius is distance of point (2, 1) from 3x + 4 y = 5
3.2 + 4.1 − 5 6+ 4−5
i.e.,  =1
9 + 16 5
 circle is ( x − 2) 2 + ( y − 1) 2 = 1
x2 + y 2 − 4 x − 2 y + 4 = 0
13. (a) x1 , x2 are roots of x2 + 2 x + 3 = 0
 x1 + x2 = −2
x1 + x2
= −1 1 2 1 2
(x + x )/2,(y +y )/2)

2 Centre (x2, y2)

(x1, y1)

y1 , y 2 are roots of y 2 + 4 y − 12 = 0
y1 + y2
 y1 + y2 = −4  = −2
2
 x + x2 y1 + y2 
Centre of circle  1 ,  = (−1, −2) .
 2 2 
14. (d) General equation of circle is,
x 2 + y 2 + 2 gx + 2 fy + c = 0
It passes through (0,0), (1, 0) and (0, 1);  c = 0
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1 −1
Now 2 g + 1 = 0  g = − and 2 f + 1 = 0  f =
2 2
Hence equation of circle is
x2 + y 2 − x − y = 0
Point (2k , 3k ) lies on the circle
 4k 2 + 9k 2 − 5k = 0
 13k 2 − 5k = 0
5
 k = 0 or k = .
13
15. (a) Centre is (4, 7).
Y
y=9
(6, 9)

x=2 x=6

(2, 5) y=5