ASSIGNMENT - 4

(Level: IIT-JEE ADVANCE)

11. Fluid Mechanics - Hydrodynamics

1. A large tank of height h = 1 m and diameter D = 0.6 m is affixed to a cart as shown.

Water issues from a tank through a nozzle of diameter d = 10 mm. The speed of the liquid leaving
the tank is approximately v  2gy where y is the height from the nozzle to the free surface.
Determine the tension in the wire when y = 0.8 m. Plot the tension in the wire as a function of water
depth. 0  y  0.8m Density of water is 103 kg/m3 and g = 9.8 m/s2

2. The U-tube acts as a water siphon. The bend in the tube is 1 m above the water surface. The tube
outlet is 7 m below the water surface. The water issues from the bottom of the siphon as a free jet at
atmospheric pressure. Determine the speed of the free jet and the minimum absolute pressure of the
water in the bend. Given atmospheric pressure = 1.01 × 105 N/m2, g = 9.8 m/s2 and density of
water = 103 kg/m3

3. Figure shows the top view of a cylindrical can mounted on a turntable .

The can is filled with water. At a depth h below the water surface are two hrizontal tubes of length l
and cross-sectional area a, with right-angle bends at their ends. Show that, as the water jets emerge
from the tubes, there is a torque  exerted on the system given by the expression   4gh  r   a ,
where  is the density of the water.

4. An airplane wing is designed so that the speed of the air across the top of the wing is 251 m/s when
the speed of the air below the wing is 225 m/s. The density of the air is 1.29 kg/m3. What is the
lifting force on a wing of area 24.0 m2 ?

5. A rectangular tank of height 10 m filled with water is placed near the bottom of a plane inclined at
an angle 30° with horizontal. At height h from bottom a small hole is made (as shown in figure) such
that the stream coming out from hole, strikes the inclined plane normally. Calculate h.
6. The shape of an ancient water clock jug is such that water level descends at a constant rate at all
times. If the water level falls by 4 cm every hour, determine the shape of the jar, i.e., specify x as a
function of y. The radius of drain hole is 2 mm and can be assumed to be very small compared to x.

7. A bent tube is lowered into a water steram as shown in figure.

The velocity of the stream relative to the tube is equal to v = 2.5 m/s. The closed upper end of the
tube located at the height h 0 = 12 cm has a small orifice. To what height h will the water jet spurt?

8. A jet of water with cross section of 6cm2 strikes a wall at an angle of 600 to the normal of the wall
and bounds elastically(assume it is true) from the wall without losing energy. If the velocity of the
water in the jet is 12m/s, then force acting on the wall is
(A) 0.864N (B) 86.4N (C) 72N (D) 7.2N

9. The cross section area of a horizontal tube increases linearly along its length, as we move in the
direction of flow The variation of pressure, as we move along its length in the direction of flow
(+ve x-direction) is best represented by which of the following graphs

10. In case of a fluid, Bernoulli’s theorem expresses the application of the principle of conservation of
(A) Linear momentum (B) Energy
(C) Mass (D) Angular momentum

11. A cylindrical vessel filled with water upto the hight H becomes empty in time t 0 due to a small hole
at the bottom of the vessel. If water is filled in the same vessel to a height 4H it will flow out in time
(A) 8t 0 (B) 4t 0 (C) 2t 0 (D) t 0

12. A vertical tank of rectangular cross section open at the top is completely filled with a liquid and rests
on a smooth horizontal surface. A small hole is opened at the centre of one side of the tank. The area
of cross-section of the tank is N times the area of the hole, where N is a large number. Neglect mass
of the tank itself. The initial acceleration of the tank is
(A) g / 2N (B) g / 2N (C) g / N (D) g / 2 N
13. Which of the following is not an assumption for an ideal fluid flow for which Bernoulli’s theorem is
valid
(A) Steady flow (B) Incompressible (C) Viscous (D) Irrotational

14. A large tank is filled with water upto a height H. A small hole is made at the base of the tank. It takes
T1 time to decrease the height of water to H /  ,    1 and it takes T2 time to take out the rest of
water. If, T1  T2 then the value of  is
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 4 (D) 2 2

15. To get the maximum flight a ball must be thrown as

16. Liquid flows through a horizontal tube of variable diameter. The pressure is lower where:
(A) Velocity is lowest (B) Velocity is height
(C) Diameter is largest (D) Both velocity and diameter are largest

17. In a freely falling liquid from a tap, which remains constant? All the terms have their usual
meanings.

v 2 v 2
(A) P (B) v (C) gh  (D)   gh 
2 2

18. Water coming out of a horizontal tube at a speed v strikes normally a vertical wall close to the mouth
of the tube and falls down vertically after impact. When the speed of water is increased to 2v,
(A) The thrust exerted by the water on the wall will be doubled.
(B) The thrust exerted by the water on the wall will becomes four times
(C) The energy lost per second by water strike up the wall becomes four times
(D) The energy lost per second by water strike up the wall becomes eight times

19. Figure shows a siphon, tube cross section is uniform. Choose the correct statement.

(A) Siphon works when h 3  0

(B) Pressure at point 2 is P2  P0  gh 3
(C) Pressure at point 2 is P2  P0  gh 3
(D) Pressure at point 3 is P0
20. Two small holes are made on the wall of the cylindrical vessel as shown in figure. At the shown
instant the liquid jet from the two holes strike the same place. 1 and  2 are the velocity of efflux
from the holes 1 and 2 respectively.

(A) x1  x 2 (B) 1   2 (C) x1  x 2 (D)  2  1

21. Water is flowing in stream line motion through a tube with its axis horizontal. Consider two points A
and B in the tube at the same horizontal level
(A) The pressures at A and B are equal for any shape of tube
(B) The pressures are never equal
(C) The pressures are equal if the tube has a uniform cross section
(D) The pressures may be equal even if the tube has a non uniform cross section

22. In a streamline flow

(A) The speed of a particle always remains same
(B) The velocity of a particle always remains same
(C) The kinetic energies of all the particles arriving at a given point are the same
(D) The momenta of all the particles arriving at a given point are the same

Passage-I

A sealed vessel contains water upto height h = 3.5 m. The space above the water contains
compressed air at pressure 4.2P0 ( P0 = 1105 atmospheric pressure). The vessel connected to a tube
at the bottom as shown in figure. Area of cross section of the tube is uniform and small as compared
to the area of the vessel. Temperature of the air remain constant.

23. Initial speed of the efflux of water is

(A) 10.6m/s (B) 13.1m/s (C) 21.2m/s (D) 26.2m/s

24. Initial speed of the water at point P is

(A) 10.6m/s (B) 13.1m/s (C) 21.2m/s (D) 26.2m/s

25. The height of the water level from the bottom at which flow of water stops is
(A) 0.7m (B) 1.74m (C) 2.0m (D) 2.5m
Passage-II

An ideal liquid of density  is filled in a container of area of cross section A as shown in figure. At
the bottom of the container there is small hole of area a(<<A). Liquid comes out from the hole at an
angle of 300 from the horizontal. The ground is rough and limiting friction force is acting on the
container at the shown instant. Neglect the mass of container.

26. Coefficient of friction of the surface is

(A) a/A (B) a/2A (C) 3a / A (D) 3a / 2A

27. The range AB is

A) H (B) H / 2 (C) 3H (D) 3H / 2

28. Velocity of the jet with which it will strike point A is

(A) 2gH (B) gH (C) 3gH (D) 2gH / 2

29. An ideal liquid is flowing in a tube as shown in figure. Area of cross section at points A, B and C are
A1 , A 2 , and A 3 respectively ( A1  A3  A2 ) V1 , V2 , V3 . are the velocities at the points A, B and C
respectively.

Column – I Column – II
(A) h1 is (p) less than h 3
(B) h 2 is (q) more than h 3
(C) V1 is (r) less than V3
(D) V2 is (s) more than V3
(t) the maximum value among the three velocities.

30. An ideal liquid is flowing in a tube as shown in figure. Area of cross section of OA is A1 and A 2 for
the tube ABC. Point O, A and B are at the same horizontal level.

Column – I Column – II
(A) velocity (p) increase from O to B
(B) Pressure (q) decrease from O to B
(C) P  gh (r) remain same from O to B
1
(D) P  gh  V 2 (s) decrease from B to C
2
(t) remain same from B to C
31. A container completely filled with an ideal liquid has a narrow hole on its sides. The container is
placed on a base, which is at a height of 2m. The height of the container is 1m. the distance of hole
from the top of the liquid surface for which the liquid coming out will hit the ground at maximum
distance is

(A) 0.5 m (B) 0.75 m (C) 1m (D) 1.5m

32. Water is flowing in a tube as shown in figure. Specific gravity of the liquid present in U-tube is 12.
Velocity of the water at point A is 20.2m / s . Area of cross section at different points are mention in
the figure. Find the velocity of the water (v) at cm2 outlet in m/s.

33. In a cylindrical vessel containing liquid of density , there are two holes in the side walls at heights
of h1 and h2 respectively such that the range of efflux at the bottom of the vessel is same. Find the
height of a hole, for which the range of efflux would be maximum.

34. A tube is attached as shown in closed vessel containing water. The velocity of water coming out
from a small hole is

(A) 2 m / s (B) 2 m/s

(C) depends on pressure of air inside vessel (D) None of these

35. A fire hydrant delivers water of density  at a volume rate L. The water travels vertically upward
through the hydrant and then does 90° turn to emerge horizontally at speed V. The pipe and nozzle
have uniform crosssection throughout. The force exerted by the water on the corner of the hydrant is

(A) VL (B) zero (C) 2VL (D) 2VL

36. A vertical tank, open at the top, is filled with a liquid and rests on a smooth horizontal surface. A
small hole is opened at the centre of one side of the tank. The area of cross-section of the tank is N
times the area of the hole, where N is a large number. Neglect mass of the tank itself. The initial
acceleration of the tank is
g g g g
(A) (B) (C) (D)
2N 2N N 2 N

37. A large tank is filled with water (density = 103 kg/m3). A small hole is made at a depth 10 m below
water surface. The range of water issuing out of the hole is Ron ground. What extra pressure must be
applied on the water surface so that the range becomes 2R (take 1 atm = 10 5 Pa and g = 10 m/s2):

(A) 9 atm (B) 4 atm (C) 5 atm (D) 3 atm

38. A cylindrical vessel filled with water upto height of H stands on a horizontal plane. The side wall of
the vessel has a plugged circular hole touching the bottom. The coefficient of friction between the
bottom of vessel and plane is  and total mass of water plus vessel is M. What should be minimum
diameter of hole so that the vessel begins to move on the floor if plug is removed (here density of
water is )
2m m m
(A) (B) (C) (D) None
H 2H H

39. Figure shows a siphon. Choose the wrong statement:

(A) Siphon works when h3 > 0

(B) Pressure at point 2 is P2 = P0 – gh3
(C) Pressure at point 3 is P0
(D) None of the above
(P0 = atmospheric pressure)

40. A piston of a syringe pushes a liquid wit h a speed of 1 cm/sec. The radii of syringe
tube and the needle are R = 1 cm and r = 0.5 mm respect ively. The velocit y of the
liquid coming out of the needle is

(A) 2 cm/sec (B) 400 cm/sec (C) 10 cm/sec (D) None of these
41. The figure shows a model of perfume atomizer. When the bulb A is compressed, air
flows through the narrow tube consequent ly pressure at the posit ion of the vert ical tube
reduce. The liquid (perfume) rise in through the vert ical tube and emerges through th e
end. If the excess pressure applied to the bulb in this process be  p then the minimum
speed of air in the tube to lift the perfume is

2  p  gh  2  p  gh p  gh

(A) (B) (C) (D) None of these
a a a
42. If the radii of its ends are 0.1 m and 0.04 m and the pressure drop across its length is
10 N//m 2 .then rate of flow of glycerine of densit y 1.25 × 10 3 kg/m3 through the
conical sect ion of a pipe will be :
(A) 62.8 × 10 –4 m3 /s (B) 6.28 × 10 –4 m3 /s
(C) .628 × 10 –4 m3 /s (D) 62.8 × 10 4 m3 /s

43. A horizontal pipe line carries water in a streamline flow. At a point along the pipe
where the cross-sect ional area is 10 cm², the water velocit y is 1 ms -1 and the pressure
is 2000 Pa. The pressure of water at another point wher e the cross-sect ional area is
5cm² will be :
[ Densit y of water = 10 3 kg. m-3 ]
(A) 5000 Pa (B) 500 Pa (C) 250 Pa (D) 1000 Pa

44. Water from a tap emerges vert ically downwards with an init ial speed of 1.0 ms –1 . The
cross-sect ional area of the tap is 10 –4 m 2 . Assume that the pressure is constant
throughout the stream of water, and that the flow is steady. The cros s-sect ional area of
the stream 0.15 m below the tap is :
(A) 5.0 × 10 –4 m2 (B) 1.0 × 10 –5 m2 (C) 5.0 × 10 –5 m2 (D) 2.0 × 10 –5 m2

45. A non- viscous liquid of constant density 103 kg / m3 flows in streamline motion along a vertical tube
PQ of variable cross-section. Height of P and Q are 2m and 2.5m respectively. Area of tube at Q  3
times area of tube at P. find the work done per unit volume by pressure as liquid flows from P to Q.
speed of liquid at P is 3 m/s  g  10m / s 2 

(A) 2000 J / m3 (B) 1000 J / m3 (C) 1575 J / m3 (D) 9000 J / m3

 ANSWER KEY:

1. 1.23N,

2. 11.7m/s, 2.27×104N/m2

3. Show

4. 1.92×105N

5. 8.33M

6. y = 0.4x4
7. 0.2m

8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. C

13. C 14. C 15. A 16. B 17. A, C, D

18. B, D 19. A, B, D 20. A, D 21. C, D 22. C, D

23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. C

28. A

29. a) q ;b) p ;c) r ; d) s, t

30. a) p, t ; b) q, s ; c) q, t ; d) r, t

31. C

h 2  h1
32. 5 33. 34. B 35. D 36. C
2

37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. A

42. B 43. B 44. C 45. B