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    13 Frequency Response New

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    Nurullah Mertel
    1. Frequency response methods are commonly used to design control systems because they provide good designs even with uncertainty in the plant model and make it easy to incorporate experimental data. 2. Frequency response design involves measuring the amplitude and phase of a plant's output when given a sinusoidal input, which provides the necessary data without requiring intermediate modeling steps. 3. Specifications for control systems are often defined in terms of frequency response characteristics, so designing directly in the frequency domain ensures the specifications are met.

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    13 Frequency Response New

    Uploaded by

    Nurullah Mertel
    16 views81 pages
    1. Frequency response methods are commonly used to design control systems because they provide good designs even with uncertainty in the plant model and make it easy to incorporate experimental data. 2. Frequency response design involves measuring the amplitude and phase of a plant's output when given a sinusoidal input, which provides the necessary data without requiring intermediate modeling steps. 3. Specifications for control systems are often defined in terms of frequency response characteristics, so designing directly in the frequency domain ensures the specifications are met.

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    1. Frequency response methods are commonly used to design control systems because they provide good designs even with uncertainty in the plant model and make it easy to incorporate experimental data. 2. Frequency response design involves measuring the amplitude and phase of a plant's output when given a sinusoidal input, which provides the necessary data without requiring intermediate modeling steps. 3. Specifications for control systems are often defined in terms of frequency response characteristics, so designing directly in the frequency domain ensures the specifications are met.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views81 pages

    13 Frequency Response New

    Uploaded by

    Nurullah Mertel
    1. Frequency response methods are commonly used to design control systems because they provide good designs even with uncertainty in the plant model and make it easy to incorporate experimental data. 2. Frequency response design involves measuring the amplitude and phase of a plant's output when given a sinusoidal input, which provides the necessary data without requiring intermediate modeling steps. 3. Specifications for control systems are often defined in terms of frequency response characteristics, so designing directly in the frequency domain ensures the specifications are met.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    of 81

    FEEDBACK CONTROL SYSTEMS

    Frequency Response
    The design of control systems in industry is accomplished using frequency-response
    methods more often than any other.

    Frequency-response design is popular primarily because


    1.It provides good designs in the face of uncertainty in the plant model. For example, for
    systems with poorly known or changing high-frequency resonances, we can temper the
    feedback compensation to alleviate the effects of those uncertainties. Currently, this
    tempering is carried out more easily using frequency response design than with any other
    method.

    2.The ease with which experimental information can be used for design purposes. Raw
    measurements of the output amplitude and phase of a plant undergoing a sinusoidal input
    excitation are sufficient to design a suitable feedback control.

    3.No intermediate processing of the data (such as finding poles and zeros or determining
    system matrices) is required to arrive at the system model.

    4.Specifications for control systems are typically provided in terms of a system’s frequency-
    response characteristics. Therefore, design in the frequency domain directly ensures that
    the specifications are met rather than having to transform them to other parameters.
    Bode (Matlab)

    For example,

    bode(50,[1 9 30 40])

    displays the Bode plots for the


    transfer function:

    50 / (s^3 + 9 s^2 + 30 s + 40)


    REVIEW AND SUPPLEMENTARY
    Frequency response methods, developed by Nyquist and Bode in the 1930s, are older
    than the root locus method, which was discovered by Evans in 1948 (Nyquist, 1932;
    Bode, 1945).
    In the steady state, sinusoidal inputs to a linear system generate sinusoidal
    responses of the same frequency. Even though these responses are of the same
    frequency as the input, they differ in amplitude and phase angle from the input. These
    differences are functions of frequency.
    Sinusoids can be represented as complex numbers called phasors

    The magnitude of the complex number is the amplitude of the sinusoid, and the
    angle of the complex number is the phase angle of the sinusoid.

    Thus,M1cos(wt+ϕ1) can be represented as where the frequency, w is implicit


    Steady State Output
    Bode Plot
    Plotting 1) Two plots for magnitude and phase

    2) Polar plot
    Note that: In matlab
    use log10

    Bode Plot
    Polar Plot
    Simplified = approximated as a sequence of straight lines

    Magnitude of zero terms are added and pole terms are subtracted

    If we knew the response of each term then the algebraic sum wield total response in dB

    Graphical addition of straight lines is simplified


    Summary
    At break frequency (a) phase is 45
    At low frequencies (0.1a) phase is 0
    At high frequencies (10a) phase is 90

    To make log-magnitude plot will be 0db in break frequency, it is convenient to


    Normalize the magnitude and scale the frequency
    Log-magnitude curve is a horizontal straight line at magnitude 20logK

    Phase angle is zero

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