1. What is optimisation? 37.

What are the problems with the with

2. What is search space? Roulette Wheel Selection?
3. Why do we need to use nature inspired 38. What is Truncation selection?
algorithms when we have all this number of 39. Define Spatially Structured Populations,
algorithms like dynamic programming, linear 40. Explain Local Mating (LM) strategy?
programming, divide and conquer?
41. What is the difference between (l+m) and (l,
4. What is swarm intelligence? m) schemes?
5. What is “survival of the fittest”? 42. What are the features of a generational
6. What does Darwin say about survival of genetic algorithm?
species? 43. Explain the difference between selection and
7. What is trial and error method? variation?
8. Explain the process of selection in 44. What do you understand with the term
evolutionary algorithms. “genetic operator” in genetic algorithms?
9. What is the difference between mutation and 45. What are the disadvantages of Hill
crossover (recombination)? Climbing?
10. Explain basic steps in an evolutionary 46. Briefly explain the local search algorithms.
algorithm? 47. What does the term “Landscape” mean?
11. What is encoding (representation)? Give an example of a landscape.
12. Why do algorithms use parameters? 48. What is the meaning of the term
13. What is a hard optimisation problem? neighbourhood?
14. What is the process of initialization in 49. Show an example of the neighbourhood of a
genetic algorithms? candidate solution.
15. What is the process of population update in 50. Why are “big mutations” generally a bad
genetic algorithms? idea to have in a search algorithm?
16. What are the features of a steady state 51. What are the typical classes of Landscapes?
genetic algorithm? 52. What are the principles of Monte Carlo
17. What are the features of a elitism genetic search algorithm?
algorithm? 53. What are the principles of tabu search?
18. What are the features of a tree style genetic 54. What is the difference between local search
algorithm? methods and population based methods?
19. What is a k-ary encoding? 55. What is a genotype in GA (Genetic
20. Explain Single-gene new-allele (shqip: Algorithms)?
vlerë) mutation. 56. What is a phonotype in GA?
21. What is Single-gene random-allele 57. What are the two phases of GRASP?
mutation? 58. What is the process of perturbation in ILS?
22. Explain Gene-wise mutation with strength 59. What is the term “new home base” in ILS?
m. 60. What is the term component in GLS?
23. What is one point crossover? 61. What does the term adjusted quality mean in
24. What is two point crossover? GLS? Why it is used?
25. What is uniform crossover? 62. What is the difference between the direct
26. Explain order-based encodings. and indirect encoding?
27. Name some operators in order-based 63. What is single-gene mutation?
encodings. 64. What is hyper-heuristic encoding?
28. What is k-inversion mutation? 65. Give some examples of the ‘simple
29. What is the difference between swap and heuristics’ that hyper heuristic encodings use?
adjacent-swap? 66. What is the purpose of the Prim’s
30. What is k-gene Order-based Crossover? algorithm?
31. What is k-gene Position-based Crossover? 67. What is the purpose of Dijksra’s algorithm?
32. Why do we use Gaussian (‘Normal’) 68. What does the term “emergent
distributions for real valued problems? properties/behaviours” mean in swam
33. Explain Box and Line crossover operators intelligence properties?
for real-valued chromosomes. 69. What is Adaptive Culture Model?
34. What is the purpose of the tournament size 70. What is stigmergy in swarm intelligence?
parameter in genetic algorithms? 71. What does the path of an ant represent in
35. What is the rank select procedure in genetic ACO?
algorithms? 72. What are the steps in the process of Global
36. What is Fitness Proportionate Selection Pheromone Updating?
(also called Roulette Wheel selection)? 73. Name some parameters in ACO?
74. What is a particle in PSO?
75. What does a particle do in a particular time-
step?
76. What are the two kinds of neighbourhoods
in PSO?
77. Name some parameters in PSO.
78. How does adaptive swarm size PSO work?