Traditional or Modern Way: A Description on the

Desired Purchasing Method of Students

____________________

By:

Mike Raenold De Leon

Eunice Stephany Bonita
Mar Gelyn Carreon
Irish Catherine Dela Cruz
Rhay Andreil Gaynilo
Samantha Reyes
Jemiimah Valerio

Grade 12 ABM B
Academic Track
Accountancy, Business and Management

_______________________

January 2023
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research acknowledged the guidance, comments, and suggestions that they provide.

First, thank God for giving us guidance, perseverance and strong self-esteem to do and finished

our research. To our research adviser: Mrs. Hanny B. Castro, thank you for the everlasting

guidance and suggestions to us. You never left us alone throughout of this research journey. We

also acknowledge our respondents, thank you for the cooperation, answering our questions and

giving us information’s about our research topic. To the panelist, thank for examining and to

become our reader or examiner in the final defense of our research. We want to thank all of the

teachers who supported and helped us to this research journey, we cannot finish this work

without your help. To our parents for their everlasting support for us to pursue and finished this

research and also to our classmates that help us in some important matters about our research.

And mostly ourselves, who pursue to conduct this research and finished it and also the

cooperation of each and every one.

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER
I. THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Significance of the Study
Scope and Delimitation
II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Related Literature
Related Studies
Conceptual Framework
Definition of Terms

III. METHODS OF RESEARCH

Methods and Techniques of the Study
Population of the Study
Research Instrument
Construction and Validation of Questionnaire
Data Gathering Procedure
Statistical Treatment of Data

IV. PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

V. SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary of Findings
Conclusions
Recommendations

BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDICES
CURRICULUM VITAE
 CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

One of the modern way of purchasing a product is Online shopping or a process of

buying a product or services in a digital form or by the usage of internet. By this way, the

consumers only need a gadget and an internet to perform an online shopping. Consumers can

search a product that they need and also see the reviews of the specific product by the ratings of

the previous buyers. In this factor, the consumer saves its time because perform online shopping

anywhere you want.

On the other hand, physical stores is one of the traditional way of shopping. This is the

retail environment that requires physical space to display and sell products. Physical stores

requires you a time and energy to shop, but also, there’s an advantage because you’ll see it in

personal.

There are two options when buying something to satisfy one’s needs and wants. The

research interest is to know which of the two shopping methods students favor the most. These

two shopping methods are beneficial for everyone, not only for students. Examining these two

shopping methods allows the research to determine which is the most convenient for students to

use when making purchases

 This study illustrates the average purchase methods used by students at Bonifacio

Camacho National High School – Senior High School that is beneficial for those students who

are majoring in business. It will also provide them suggestions for the type of business might

start in the future.

There is a lot to consider when you’re going to open a business and shopping as a

customer. Accountancy, Business and Management student whose going to build and thrive in

business world after years will benefits in this research. This study will show what is the method

that usually use of the Accountancy, Business and Management students in Bonifacio Camacho

National High School – Senior High School in terms of purchasing. This will be relevant for

young entrepreneurs that want to start their business.

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the method that usually use in shopping of students in

Bonifacio Camacho National High School, Senior High School

What is the profile of the student in terms of:

1.1 Grade level

1.2 Chosen Future Career

2. How may the students’ desired purchasing method be described in terms of:

2.1 Traditional Way; and

2.2 Modern Way

3. What are the implications of the findings of the study in purchasing method of students.

Significance of the Study

 The findings of this study are deemed significant to the following:

Students.

This study may serve as a guide and reference for the students undertaking similar

studies.

Future business owner.

This study will help them to know how can they establish their future business.

Future Researchers.

This research will be a useful reference for the researchers who would plan to make to

make any related study.

Consumer.

This research will help the consumers to make purchases effectively.

Scope and Delimitation

The focus of this study is to determine the purchasing method used by the students of

BCNHS-SHS under all the strand of senior high school, School Year 2022-2023.

This study’s major objective is to determine which shopping method that BCNHS – SHS

students prefer between modern or traditional. The respondents will be from all eighteen sections

in BCNHS – SHS. The population sample will be 10% of each of the section. And the total 10%

of the population is 82 respondents.

 CHAPTER II

Related Studies

The research that Statista (2021) “E-commerce Accounted for 3% Of the Philippines Retail

Sales”, Asian Pacific region compared their e-commerce sales to their retail sales. E-commerce

sale of China just reach under half at 45%. But based on the research of online shopping in the

Philippines, the e-commerce accounts is only 3% of the retail sales of the Philippines. Factors of

such a low overall percentage results came from scams in the Philippines.

According to Filipino Wealth, "Online Shopping Research For The Philippines", due to the

pandemic, the e-commerce industry experienced a boom because many people stayed at home.

More and more trust has been built in the e-commerce industry, the Philippines is expected to

have an increase in value of 17% between now till 2025. The number of online sellers increased

from 1,700 in March 2020 to 93,318 in early January 2021, announced by the Philippines

Department of Trade and Industry.

Related Literature

According to Ashish Panta (2014), the internet is changing the world of a consumer

behaviour with familiarity to technology, having an internet access and a trust of consumer gives
a high boom in online businesses. The internet influencing more consumer is more aware about

the brands and the model they are interested to buy

(Leva Anderson, Elina Gaile-Sarkane 2009) there a different in behavior between online

and traditional shopping of Latvian consumers wherein is base on analysis of statistical data, as

well as on survey done by public

opinion Research Centre of Latvia. It gives an overview concerning the basis about purchasing

behavior and gives an insight into the variety of relevant characteristics of consumer behavior

where they are looking for information about product, shopping frequency, about pricing, buying

volume and time

The are conflicts that e-commerce store owners faces, stated in "Philippines E-Commerce

Stores Face Many Challenges" such as infrastructure like warehousing, the internet WiFi

connections, and delivery that many store owners faces in the Philippines. If they will just think

of others options, it would be a great benefit for the industry.

According to Taylor & Francis Online (2019), The internet has played an important role in

daily lives, such as sending messages, other communication, acquiring information, playing

games. The internet has introduced the simplicity of doing real-time online shopping with

complete features such as looking at the details of the products, price evaluation and comparison,

quality assessment, choosing the service type, and processing the payment. Online shopping

provides more information and alternatives to customers about products and price comparisons,

as well as providing convenience and simplicity in finding something online.

 According to Sanjay Kumar (2015) In the contemporary corporate world, online shopping is

quite important. Online buying has given businesses more opportunities and advantages. This

essay examined many online shopping-related issues. The purpose of the study is to contribute

theoretically to our understanding of the current state of internet buying. The study discusses

how people behave when shopping online. The issues that consumers have when they choose to

accept online buying are also identified in the paper.

According to Mohammad Enamul Hoque (2014), online shopping is important for modern

consumers because it reduces the amount of time spent shopping. People are busier than ever,

and they don't have time to go shopping. On the other hand, it is said that time is money and

money is time. Unlike online shopping, traditional shopping includes restrictions and limitations

on what can be purchased. And when buying online, customers may also compare the prices of

their products to those of rival brands.

Conceptual Framework

The primary idea of this study focuses on the variables influencing the purchase of

BCNHS-SHS students under all the strand for the academic year 2022-2023.

Figure 1. Paradigm Of the Study

Definition of Terms

Modern way of shopping – this express online shopping in social media or in shopping apps

Traditional way of shopping – this express shopping in physical stores, like malls, convenient

stores, grocery store, etc.

Entrepreneurs – is a title given to people who create, start, and manages a business. Their job is

to improve and enhance their business to make it successful.

Accountancy, Business and Management – is a course that you can take in senior high school.

It’s focusing in academic than skills, it expertise in accounting and business management, to

prepare the young business leaders of tomorrow.

Business – is defined as an organization or enterprising entity engaged in commercial, industrial,

or professional activities. Businesses can be for-profit entities or non-profit organizations.

Business types range from limited liability companies to sole proprietorships, corporations, and

partnerships.

CHAPTER III

METHOD OF RESEARCH

This chapter presents the methods and techniques used, population and sample of the

study, the data-gathering instruments, data gathering procedure, the data processing and the

statistical treatment of the data gathered.

Methods and Techniques of the Study

The descriptive method of research may be used in this study to be able to assess the

nature of the existing phenomenon under investigation. And it aims to  accurately and

systematically describe a population, situation or phenomenon. The researcher want to answer

what is the desired purchasing method of students in BCNHS – SHS. This technique will be used

in order to identify the relationship between the variables that will be used in this study.

The descriptive research do not focuses on “why”, but rather with wide range of what,

when, and how questions pertaining to a particular population or group. It is a type of research

that is used to describe the characteristics of a population.

A descriptive study determines and report the way things are, Just as historical research

that has no control over “what was,” descriptive study has no control over “ what is,” and it can

really measure what really exists.

The researcher will not only do the gathering of data and tabulating of results, but

interpreting, comparing or constructing, classifying and evaluating of what had been described in

the filled-in questionnaire will be done.

Population and Sample

The respondents involved in this study are the 82 senior high students coming from

eighteen sections of the senior high school at Bonifacio Camacho National High School,

Calaylayan, Abucay, Bataan, School Year 2022-2023. Table 1 presents the number of students

for each section.

Table I
Population and Sample of the Study
Distribution of Respondents

Section Grade 11 % Grade 12 % Total %

HUMMS-A 5 6.1% 4 4.9%

HUMMS-B 5 6.1% 4 4.9%

STEM-A 5 6.1% 4 4.9%

STEM-B 5 6.1% 4 4.9%

 STEM-C 5 6.1% none 0%

ABM-A 7 8.4% 4 4.9%

ABM-B None 0% 3 3.6%

ICT 5 6.1% 4 4.9%

HE 5 6.1% 4 4.9%

TVL 5 6.1% 4 4.9%

Total 47 57.2% 35 42.8 100%

The stratified sampling was used, which means in the 820 population in BCNHS-SHS,

10% of the population is the chosen respondents. Senior high students from the eighteen sections

under the tutelage of researcher will be involved since they represent an ideal number of

respondents for the study, hence, no sampling procedure was discussed.

These 82 senior high students of Bonifacio Camacho National High School, Abucay will

be the primary sources of data to be collected for analysis. They are directly involved in this

study.

Research Instruments

Before the researcher prepared the draft of the questionnaire, they intensively consulted

different books that involved various forms and kinds of questionnaire. Similarly, they carefully

studied and analyzed several unpublished master’s thesis and dissertations for the purpose of

determining which form of the questionnaire would logically used in this study. The format

suggested by Mrs. Hanny Castro were critically analyzed and finally decided them. The format

of the questionnaire were presented to the adviser for correction and approval.

The following relevant points in preparation of the questionnaire will be seriously given

preferential attention and observation; Arrangement of questionnaire in their logical and

chronological order. Provisions of enough space for the placing of the answer specially when the

respondents are being asked to give their opinion or judgement. Arrangement of questions under
proper headings. Notation that the answer come at the right side of the page in the column.

Numbering or lettering of each question. Leaving at the end of a space for the signature of the

respondents. Arrangement of the directions to facilitate answering. And provision of boxes for

the check or as indication of the option selected or answer chosen.

Listed in the first part of the Questionnaire are the:

Part I: Profile of the Respondents. Which is the moderating variables which includes the

grade level, and future chosen career.

Part II: In this part, the students’ preferred purchasing method will be discussed.

From the scale, the respondents may answer Highly Preferred, if the range of the

weighted mean is between 4.50 and 5.0 with a descriptive rating of Highly Preferred, the Very

Much Preferred response links to the range of weighted mean from 3.50 to 4.49 with a Very

Much Preferred descriptive rating, next is the scale of 2.50 to 3.49 which is True with

Moderately Preferred for the descriptive rating. 1.50 to 2.49 if it is Rarely True which relates to

Less Preferred descriptive rating and lastly, Never True when the range of the weighted mean is

between 1.0 and 1.49 with a Not Preferred descriptive rating.

The following scale value will be used

Scale of Means Descriptive Equivalent

4.50 – 5.0 Highly Preferred
3.50 – 4.49 Very Much Preferred
2.50 – 3.49 Moderately Preferred
1.50 – 2.49 Less Preferred
1.00 – 1.49 Not Preferred

Construction and Validation of the Instrument

The content of the questionnaire used by the researcher were taken from what usually the

students like how to shop. The questions related to the learning style were adopted from the

questionnaire of the study at hand.

 Before administering the questionnaires to the respondent, suggestions and comments

from the researcher’s adviser were considered. Items which were found to be inconsistent were

modified and final draft of the questionnaire were prepared, the researcher wrote a letter of

request of validity signed by the adviser, making the questionnaire official.

Data Gathering Procedures

The questionnaire is of a checklist type. It is titled Questionnaire on Traditional or

Modern Way : A Description on the Desired Purchasing Method of Students. There are two parts

on the questionnaire. Part I is intended for the profile of the respondents and Part II – their

respective perceptual purchasing method.

The retrieval of the questionnaire were personally done by the researcher. The data

gathered in the study were encoded and processed. A designed questionnaire was used for

analytical instruments and in gathering the needed data.

The researcher secured permission from the Schools Division Superintendent through the

principal of this school before they distributed the questionnaire to the respondents. To ensure

smooth distribution and retrieval of the questionnaire to the respondents, they asked permission

from the principal to do it personally. After the permission were granted, the questionnaires were

distributed, and after a day, the researcher retrieved the questionnaire with the respective

answers and 100% of retrieval.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The data gathered were coded, statistically processed and presented in a tabular form

using percentage, and weighted mean.

To describe the profile of the respondents in terms of grade and chosen future, percentage

were used.
 For the students’ desired purchasing method in terms of traditional and moder way,

weighted mean with corresponding descriptive ratings were employed.

CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter deals with the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data relevant to:

Traditional or Modern Way: A Description on the Desired Purchasing Method of Students. Data

are presented in tabular forms and subsequently explained or interpreted and related with

findings of other researchers.

For a clearer and more comprehensive presentation of findings, this chapter is subdivided

into three (3) parts corresponding to the three (3) specific problems raised in Chapter I of this

study.

Part 1 describes the profile of the student in terms of grade, and chosen future carrer
 Part 2 shows the students’ preferred purchasing method in terms of traditional and

modern way.

Part 3 explains the implications of the findings of the study in purchasing method of

students

Table 2 describes the profile of the student in terms of grade and chosen future career.

Table 2

Profile Frequency %
Grade
11 47 57.3%
12 35 42.7%

Chosen Future Career

Engineering 12 14.6%
Architecture 5 6.1%
Nursing 16 19.5%
Accounting 6 7.3%
Business Owner 7 8.5%
Other 36 43.9%
 As shown in Table 2, most of the respondents (57.3%) are grade 11, 42.7% are grade 12,

and in terms of chosen future career, majority choose others (43.9%),nursing (19.5%),

engineering (14.6%), business owner (8.5%), accounting (7.3%) and the least chosen were

architecture (6.1%).

The results strongly entail that out of the 82 respondents, 36 of students or 43.9% chose

others, which revealed that this future career bracket composed the biggest number of senior

high students. The students who chose nursing, that belonged to the second biggest number of

senior high students, which is 16 or 19.5% and the least chosen future carrer is architecture, 5 or

6.1%. The students that want to be a business owner are 7 (8.5%) out of 82 students.

The result implies that only a few students want to start their business or want to have a

business in the future. The biggest number of senior high students that chose others want to be a

teacher, police, pilot, chef, business ad, etc.

The results reinforced by the previous findings of Roy Stephen Canivel (2022), “more

than 916,000 enterprises registered and renewed their business names under the Department of

Trade and Industry (DTI)”. Because of the pandemic, the percentage of entrepreneurs increase

by 44% higher than the total registration in 2019 at more than 630,000.

In terms of grade , the result simply entail that the grade 11 students outnumbered the

grade 12 students. Data shows that majority or 57.3% are grade 11 while 42.7% are grade 12.

Table 3 shows the perceptions of the students on their preferred purchasing method in
terms of traditional way.

Table 3
Traditional Way

Criteria Mean Descriptive Equivalent

 1. Preferred buying in stores.. 3.72 Highly Preferred
2. Likes window shopping. 3.3 Preferred
3. Does going into malls. 3.43 Preferred
4. Likes trying on items before buying. 3.78 Highly Preferred
5. Wants to ensure items are in good condition. 4.6 Most preferred
Composite Mean 3.76 Very Much Preferred
Scale of Means Descriptive Equivalent Interpretation
4.50 – 5.00 Most Preferred Highly Preferred
3.50 – 4.49 Highly Preferred Very Much Preferred
2.50 – 3.49 Preferred Moderately Preferred
1.50 – 2.49 Less Preferred Less Preferred
1.00 – 1.49 Unlikely Preferred Not Preferred

As gleaned from Table 3, the respondents have a highly preference or inclination towards

traditional way of purchasing having a composite mean of 3.76 “Wants to ensure items are in

good condition.” obtained the highest mean of 4.6 while “Likes window shopping.” with the

lowest mean of 3.3.

The results strongly imply that this is a very good insight and revelation for senior high

school students respondents, especially now that using technology that even buying things or

even foods are can be done through online.

The results affirmed by the previous findings Aineena (2021) “The Philippines is

continuing to rely on e-commerce and the digital economy to manage its economic recovery in

the aftermath of the Covid-19 Pandemic.

Table 4 shows the perceptions of the students on their preferred purchasing method in

terms of Modern way.

Table 4
Modern Way

Criteria Mean Descriptive Equivalent

1. Likes scrolling in online store apps. 4.06 Highly Preferred
 2. Prefers watching live selling and live try-ons. 2.78 Preferred
3. Likes to compare prices from different shops. 3.95 Highly Preferred
4. Checks variety of objects. 4.04 Highly Preferred
5. Goes for easy access shopping. 3.85 Highly Preferred
total 3.74 Very Much Preferred

In terms of modern way of purchasing, the senior high students have a composite mean of

3.74 indicating that they have high preference for this type of purchasing method. They provided

the highest mean of 4.06 on “Likes scrolling in online store apps.”. The lowest mean of 2.78 is

on “Prefers watching live selling and live try-ons.”

The results strongly entail that according to the respondents likes scrolling in online store

apps, just like the common window shopping in malls, but the difference is that they do it

through online app stores.

The results supported by the previous findings of Statista Research Department (2022

“As of the 3rd quarter of 2021, monthly visits to the Shopee website in the Philippines reached

approximately 73.65 million. Monthly visits to the online shopping platform escalated between

the third quarter to the last quarter of 2020, increasing by as much as 46 percent.”

Implications of Findings of the Study

This study described the desired purchasing method of students. The findings of

this study implies that the students' desired purchasing method is traditional and modern way of

shopping. However, there is still a moderate difference between the two shopping method based

from the results of this study. Traditional way of shopping is highly preferred by the students in

terms of the good condition of the product. While in modern way of shopping, scrolling in

online store apps is highly preferred by students.

 On the other hand, the findings of this study has a lot contribution on

students for their future related studies and for future entrepreneur that serves this study as their

basis for their business. Other than that, this study can be used as reference for the future

researchers who would plan to make any related study.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

This chapter presents the summary of the findings based on the gathered data relative to

the problem cited in Chapter 1 of this study. This also includes conclusions, which were derived

from the findings and the recommendations for the usefulness of this study to its reader,

benefactors and researchers.

Summary

This study aims to determine the method that usually use in shopping of students in

Bonifacio Camacho National High School, Senior High School. This study’s major objective is
to determine which shopping method that BCNHS – SHS students prefer between modern or

traditional.

The general problem of the study is: Which purchasing method that students prefer

between modern or traditional shopping at BCNHS–SHS during the School Year 2022-2023?

Specifically, the study sought to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the student in terms of :

1.1 grade level; and

1.2 chosen future career

2. How may the students’ desired purchasing method be described in terms of;

2.1 traditional way; and

2.2 modern way

3. What are the implications of the findings of the study in purchasing method of students?

The study engaged eighty-two students School Year 2022 – 2023 at Bonifacio Camacho

National High School.

Validated questionnaires and documentary analysis were greatly used and done to

procure the data requirement of the study. The data gathered were coded, statistically processed

and presented in a tabular form using percentage and weighted mean, Independent Sample T-test

and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). To describe the profile of the respondents in terms of

grade level and chosen future career, frequency and percentage were used. For the students’

desired purchasing method be described in terms of traditional and modern way, weighted mean

with corresponding descriptive ratings were employed. With regards to the purchasing method

between traditional and modern way of shopping, frequency and percentage, mean, standard

deviation, minimum and maximum values were utilized to present the desired purchasing

method of students. Each of the profile variables – grade level and chosen future career are tested

to know which purchasing method students preferred using appropriate statistical tools. For
grade level and chosen future career, independent samples t-test was used. For the students’

desired purchasing method in terms of traditional and modern way, weighted mean with

corresponding descriptive ratings were employed. With regards to significance testing, the

statistical significance of descriptive coefficient is measured by z-test. However, significance or

probability levels of the relationship of two variables are readily outputted by SPSS for

comparison with 0.05 level which was set as the accepted level of significance prior to the study.

The result of these statistical treatment were all adopted as basis to present, analyze and interpret

data, which turn lead to furnishing of summary, conclusion and recommendation.

Summary of Findings

Using afforested statistical procedures, the major findings of the study is summarized as

follows.

1. Profile of the Students

1.1 Grade Level. Data shows that majority or 57.3% are grade 11 while 42.7% are grade

12. The result simply entail that the grade 11 students outnumbered the grade 12 students.

1.2 Chosen Future Career. The results strongly entail that out of the 82 respondents, 36

of students or 43.9% chose others, which revealed that this future career bracket composed the

biggest number of senior high students.

2. Purchasing Method

The students respondents showed that their preferred learning modalities in mathematics

were aural modality, haptic modality and kinaesthetic modality.

2.1 Traditional. The respondents showed a higher level of preference having a mean of

3.76. The results implied that this is very much preferred purchasing method of the students.

2.2 Modern. The composite mean of 3.74 suggests that the respondents preferred this purchasing

method very much. The results strongly entail that according to the respondents likes scrolling in
online store apps, just like the common window shopping in malls, but the difference is that they

do it through online app stores.

3. Findings on Significant Relationship

Among the profile variable of the students, grade level and chosen future were found to

be significantly related to the desired purchasing method of students.

Among the perceptual shopping methods, traditional and modern way of shopping were

found to be significantly related to the desired purchasing method of students.

Conclusion

The conclusion was drawn base on the findings of the study.

This research shows that few students are interested in starting their business in the

future, some of them choose different careers that they might be interested in, and as figure out

this research shows that the students preferred to used is the traditional way. The findings of the

study is the outcome of the desired purchasing method of students.

Recommendations

This study revealed the Traditional or Modern Way: A Description on the  

Desired Purchasing Method of Students. Thus, the following recommendations

are hereby presented:

To the students, they should know which is the best shopping center to purchase

products. They should also be careful and smart in buying everything they need to prevent

financial loss. This method will surely ensure to meet the standards in identifying quality goods

over trendy ones. You can also prevent purchasing items which looks photographically good by

meeting eye to eye with the products. You can also experience the fun by actually browsing

items by eye and hand. Online shopping has grown exponentially since the emergence of sizable

internet-based e-commerce platforms, with a significant surge in the number of customers

choosing to buy online rather than in-store. Many traditional merchants have followed suit, and

today the majority of stores have a separate e-commerce website from which customers may buy

products from high street brands and charitable organizations online. Even brands that are no

longer sold in stores can frequently be found online. It is common knowledge that most stores

carry more inventory online than they do in actual storefronts. You can frequently access a

considerably wider variety of product online, and search buttons makes it even simpler to find

the things you want in a short period of time due to the capacity of warehouse and the space

limitations of local stores