Republic of the Philippines

BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY

College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

NAME: FORMON, DHAREN M.

SIGNATURE:
SR CODE: 20-04671
SECTION: ECE - 2204
DATE: APRIL , 2022
Rubric for Laboratory Experiment Report

4 – exemplary; 3 – proficient; 2 – satisfactory; 1 – unsatisfactory

Evaluation Criteria 4 3 2 1 SCORE

Very little
There are some
Information is background
introductory
Information is nearly complete but information
Introduction information, but still
complete missing some provided or
missing some major
minor points information is
points
incorrect
Written in
paragraph format, Written in Missing several
Written in
important paragraph format, important
Experimental paragraph format
experiment details still missing some experiment details
Procedure with complete
are covered, some important or not written in
experiment details
minor details experimental details paragraph
missing
Figures, graphs,
tables contain
All figures, graphs, Most figures, errors or are
tables are correctly graphs, tables are poorly
All figures, graphs,
Results: data, drawn, but some OKAY, some still constructed,, have
tables are correctly
figures, tables, etc. have minor missing some missing titles,
drawn
problems or could important or captions or
still be improved required features numbers, units
missing or
incorrect, etc.
Very incomplete
Almost all of the Some of the results
or incorrect
results have been have been correctly
interpretation or
All of the results correctly interpreted and
trends and
have been correctly interpreted and discussed; partial
Discussion comparison of
interpreted and discussed, only but incomplete
data indicating a
discussed minor understanding or
lack of
improvements are results is still
understanding of
needed. evident
results
Conclusions
All important regarding major Conclusions
All important
conclusions have points are drawn, missing or
Conclusion conclusions have
been drawn, but but many of the missing the
been drawn
could be enhanced minor points are not important points
neglected

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

EXPERIMENT NO. 4

PARALLEL RLC CIRCUITS

I. INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES

This activity aims to:

1. Determine the resistance, inductance and capacitance by a voltage and current
measurements.
2. Compare measured and calculated voltages and current for a parallel RLC
circuit.
3. Determine the impedance of a given circuit to compare the measure value to
calculated value of a given circuit.

II. MATERIALS

 100 w Lamp, is an ideal non-linear resistive component that

emits light to disperse energy. Maximum power (P max) and
maximum voltage (V max) are the two rated values (V max).
The maximum power output is measured in watts, ranging from
Figure 1. 100 W
Lamp mW to kW.

 5µF Capacitor, it is like a miniature rechargeable battery, has

the ability or "capacity" to store energy in the form of an
electrical charge, creating a potential difference (Static Voltage)
between its plates.
Figure 1.a 5µF
Capacitor
Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425
INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

 2.5372 H Inductor, is commonly employed in switched-mode

power systems to create DC current as energy storage devices.
The inductor stores energy and delivers it to the circuit to keep
current flowing during "off" switching periods, allowing for
Figure 1.b
topographies with output voltage exceeding input voltage.
1.389H Inductor

 AC Voltmeter, is a device that measures the (peak) oscillating

current I0 across a big resistor R0 linked to leads 1 and 2 that may
be connected to another circuit.
Figure 1.c AC
Voltmeter

 AC Ammeter, a device that measures the flow of alternating

current from one branch of a circuit to another.

Figure 1.d AC
Ammeter

 AC Supply, it is also known as alternating current (AC), which is

the type of energy that comes through power outlets. It's a charge
flow that alternates between positive and negative charges on a
regular basis.
Figure 1.e AC
Supply

 Multisim, it’s a software that can simulate an electric circuit and

help you figure out what each component's value is. It may also be
done both online and offline. This is a complete, industry-standard
SPICE simulation environment that is used all over the world.
Figure 1.f
Multisim

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

III. PROCEDURE

In accordance with the laboratory experiment, the proponents followed the

methods outlined below.

A. RLC Circuit
a. The proponents used Multisim to create the circuit design presented (see
Figure 2).

Figure 2. Circuit Diagram

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

b. An AC Ammeter is used to measure the overall current as well as the current

flowing through the Lamp, Inductor, and Capacitor. See table 2 for the recorded
results.

Figure 3. Total Current Measurement

Figure 4. Current’s Measure across the Lamp

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

Figure 5. Current’s Measure across the Inductor

Figure 6. Current’s Measure across the Capacitor

c. The overall voltage was measured, as well as the voltages across the Lamp,
Inductor, and Capacitor. Table 1 was created using the data gathered.

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

Figure 7. Total Voltage Measurement

Figure 8. Voltage’s Measure across the Lamp

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

Figure 9. Voltage’s Measure across the Inductor

Figure 10. Voltage’s Measure across the Capacitor

d. The proponents used Ohm’s Law to calculate the voltages and currents of each
component. The results were included into Tables 1 and 2 correspondingly.

Given: ET = ER = EL = EC = 219.998 V,                                                                
IT = 0.492 A IR= 0.455 A
IL = 0.229 A                                                                       IC = 0.416 A

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

Solving for R: Solving for XL:

E El
R= XL =
Ir Il
219.998V 219.998V
R= XL =
0.455 A 0.229 A
R = 483.5121 Ω XL = 960.6900 Ω

Solving for XC:

Ec
XC =
Ic
219.998V
XC =
0.416 A

XC = 528.8413 Ω

Solving for Z:

√(
2 −1

) ( )
2
Z=( 1 1 1
+ − )
R Xl Xc

Z = ¿¿

Z = 447.2150674 Ω

Z = 447.2151 Ω

Manual Computation using the given values:

Given:
ET = 220V, f = 60Hz, C = 5μF = 5×10-6 F
PR = 100W L = 2.5372 H

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

For Voltages:
Since the connection is parallel, ET = ER = EL = EC.
ET = ER = EL = EL = 220 V
Solving for R:

E
P = EI , where: I =
R

( )
2
E E
P=E =
R P

E2
R= , ER = 220V, PR = 100W:
P

2 2
E ( 220V )
R= =
P 100 W

R = 484 Ω

Solving for XL:

XL= 2πfL

XL = 2π (60) (2.5372)

XL = 956.5019 Ω

Solving for XC:

1
XC =
2 πfC
1
XC =
2 π (60)(5 ×10−6)
XC = 530.5165 Ω

Solving for Z:

√(
−1

Z=(
R) (
1 2 1
+ −
1 2
Xl Xc
) )

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

√(
2 −1

)( )
2
Z=( 1 1 1
+ − )
484 956.5019 530.5165

Z = 448.4008 Ω

Solving for the currents:

Solving for IT:
Vt
IT =
Z
220 V
IT =
448.4008 Ω

IT = 0.4906 A
Solving for IC:
Vc
IC =
Xc

220V
IC =
530.5165Ω

IC = 0.4147 A

Solving for IL:

Vl
IL =
Xl

220 V
IL =
956.5019Ω

IL = 0.2300 A

Solving for IR:

Vt
IR =
R

220 V
IR =
484 Ω

IR = 0.455 A

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

e. The magnitude and phase angle of the circuit’s impedance have been
calculated using the equation Z = R + j (XL – XC). Results were recorded in
Table 3.

Solving for Impedance Magnitude:

1
Z=( +
1
−
R Xl Xc
)(
1 −1
)
( )
−1
1 1 1
Z==( + − )
483.5121 j 960.6900 j 528.8413

Z = 413.6428364 – j170.002707

|Z| = √ 413.6428364 2+170.002707 2

|Z| = 447.2151Ω

Solving for Impedance Phase Angle:

−1 170.002707
θ=tan
413.6428364

θ=22.3421°

Z = 447.2151 Ω ∠ 22.3421°

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

f. Finally, in Tables 1 and 2, the percentage difference between computed and

simulated values was calculated and reported.

Solving Total Voltage Percentage Difference:

Workbench−Computation
VT% = x 100
Workbench
219.9 98V −220 V
VT% = x 100
219.9 98 V
VT% = 0.0009 %

Solving Current through Resistor Percentage Difference:

Workbench−Computation
IR % = x 100
Workbench
455 mA −455 mA
IR % = x 100
455 mA
IR% = 0 %

Solving Current through Inductor Percentage Difference:

Workbench−Computation
IL % = x 100
Workbench
229 mA−230 mA
IL % = x 100
229 mA
IL% = 0.4348 %

Solving Current through Capacitor Percentage Difference:

Workbench−Computation
IC % = x 100
Workbench
416 mA −414.7 mA
IC % = x 100
416 mA
IC% = 0.3135 %

Solving Total Current Percentage Difference:

Workbench−Computation
IT % = x 100
Workbench

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

492 mA−490.6 mA
IT % = x 100
492 mA
IT% = 0.2845 %

IV. DATA AND RESULTS

This part of the laboratory paper presents the tabulated data gathered from the simulation
using the Multisim software and manual computation using the provided values and
formulas. Also included on each table is the observations made during the experiment.

Table 1: Simulation and Computation Result of the Voltage of Parallel RLC Circuit

Voltage (V) R L C Total

Workbench 219.998 V 219.998 V 219.998 V 219.998 V

Computation 220 V 220 V 220 V 220 V

% Difference 0.0009% 0.0009% 0.0009% 0.0009%

Table 2: Simulation and Computation Result of the Current of Series RLC Circuit

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

Current (A) R L C Total

Workbench 455 mA 229 mA 416 mA 492 mA

Computation 455 mA 230 mA 414.7 mA 490.6 mA

% Difference 0 %  0.4348 %  0.3135 % 0.2845 %

Table 3: Computation of Impedance Magnitude and Phase Angle of Series RLC Circuit

Phase Magnitude = Impedance (Z ) M 447.2151 Ω

Phase Angle (θ) 22.3421°

V. ANALYSIS
A. Questions
a. Do the workbench and computational values of voltages and currents
agree?

Yes, the simulated and calculated voltage and current values coincide.
Although there is a small difference in the values, they are quite comparable
and near to one another. The inconsistencies arise as a result of the manual
computation's rounding off. During the manual computation, the numbers are
rounded to four decimal places. We can observe that the percentage mistake in
currents is not exceed to 0.5 percent, however the voltages have a 0.0009%
inaccuracy. The variations are insignificant, given the small percentage
variances.

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

b. Give possible reasons for any discrepancies.

The rounding off of data, as well as the Multisim, might be the cause of
the minor disparities between the workbench and computational values.
Because Multisim is a programmed software that differs from manual
computing, it is possible to obtain unexpected results, particularly when
rounding off quantities or answers.

B. Circuit Design
a. Design a parallel RLC circuit having 100 W, 220 V source and a total
impedance of 437.6993Ω. The reactive capacitance of the circuit is
2652.5824Ω. Find the value of R, L, and C.

Given:

V = 220 V, 60 Hz
Xc = 2652.5824 Ω
P = 100 W
Z = 437.6993 Ω

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

Solution:

For R,

V2
R=
P
2
(2 2 0)
R=
100

R = 484 Ω

For C,

1
XC =
2 πfC

1
C=
2 πfXc

1
C=
2 π (60)(2652.5824)

C = 0.000001 F

C = 1 µF

For XL,

√
2 2
1 1 1 1
= +( − )
Z R X L XC

√
2
XL = 1 12 1
− +
Z R XC

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

1
XL =
√
2 2
1 1 1
− +
437.6993 484 2652.5824

XL = 739.57297413318 Ω

For L,

XL = 2πfL

XL
L=
2 πf

739.57297413318
L=
2 π 60

L = 1.96177824351 H

C. Problems
a. What conditions must be fulfilled for a series circuit to be the exact
equivalent of a given circuit?
When they both take the same amount of current from the same size
battery, a series circuit might have the identical equal of a given circuit.

b. What is the significance of equivalent circuits in the analysis of

electric and electronic circuits?
In the study of electric and electronic circuits, equivalent circuits play
a significant role in simplifying circuit design. It aids in the
comprehension and prediction of a device's operation. Electronic devices
are made up of a number of fundamental theoretical components. An
analogous circuit simplified is a model built out of perfect components. It
can also be used to simulate. It also aids in the detection of design flaws
and the provision of explanations.

Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -
 Republic of the Philippines
BATANGAS STATE UNIVERSITY
College of Engineering, Architecture and Fine Arts
Pablo Borbon Main II, Alangilan, Batangas City, Philippines 4200

VI. CONCLUSION

VII. REFERENCES


Sir Dindo T. Ani EE 425

INSTRUCTOR “ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS II”
(ELECTRICAL & COMPUTER ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT)
2nd SEM, AY 2021-2022
“I CAN DO ALL THINGS THROUGH CHRIST WHO STRENGTHENS ME”
- PHILIPPIANS 4:13 -