CONTENTS

SNO TITLE PAGENO

1 ABSTRACT
2 INTRODUCTION
3 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION
3.1 HARDWARE SPECIFICATION
3.2 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION
4 SYSTEM REQUIRMENT
4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT
4.2 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
5 SYSTEM ANALYSIS
5.1 EXISTING SYSTEM
5.2 PROPOSED SYSTEM
5.3 FLOW DIAGRAM
6 SYSTEM DESIGN
6.1 INPUT DESIGN
6.2 OUTPUT DESIGN
7 SAMPLE SCREEN
8 CONCLUSION
9 FUTURE ENHANCEMENT
10 BIBILIOGRAPHY
ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT:

I made this smart bridge because the bridge is completely covered

with water during rainy season. Due to flood during rainy season, the
bridge is filled with water and many problems are caused to people.
Can't cross the bridge.
So here my smart bridge will work like this when the water level is
high. When the water level is high, the height of this bridge will increase
automatically. And this bridge will not sink in water.So this bridge will
help people and vehicles to move smoothly.
INTRODUCTION
Introduction:

Traditional methods of bridge safety management have the following

problems: failure to collect data or monitor on- site conditions in real
time and failure to comprehensively record or analyse the collected data
of on-site conditions in real time, resulting in poor disaster rescue
efficiency; and data collection through visual assessments or use of
large- size electronic equipment, often resulting inaccurate monitoring
results or higher costs and higher power consumption. Real-time water
monitoring system using the technology and the water level recognition
and the surface velocity recognition. Using this technology take long
time to detect the condition of flood and this process is difficult to
detecting flood. In our project we use sensors for monitoring bridge
condition and detecting flood and detecting high weight on bridge.

A. Objectives

 To provide security to all the users who are using it bridge.

 To provide reliability to the users.
 To maintain integrity of already built and old bridges in
India
 To help India for making it digitized.
 Smart city mission.
 To save the many lives.
 SYSTEM
CONFIGURATION
 3. SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

3.1 HARDWARE SPECIFICATION

 Arduino uno
 2xServo motor
 Soil moisture sensor
 Jumber wires(M to F)
 Sunboard sheet
 Power cord

System Requirement:
 Hardware Requirements
 Processor : Intel i3 4th gen or newer
 Hard Disk : 10 GB.
 Monitor: LCD Color.
 Mouse: Optical.
 RAM : 4Gb.

3.2 SOFTWARE SPECIFICATION

Operating System : Windows 10

Software : Arduino IDE

Language : Arduino script

 SYSTEM
REQUIREMENTS
 4.SYSTEM REQUIREMENT

4.1 HARDWARE REQUIREMENT:

Arduino UNO R3 :

The Arduino UNO R3 is frequently used microcontroller board in the

family of an Arduino. This is the latest third version of an Arduino board and released in the year
2011. The main advantage of this board is if we make a mistake we can change the
microcontroller on the board. The main features of this board mainly include, it is available in
DIP (dual-inline-package), detachable and ATmega328 microcontroller. The programming of
this board can easily be loaded by using an Arduino computer program. This board has huge
support from the Arduino community, which will make a very simple way to start working in
embedded electronics, and many more applications. Please refer the link to know about Arduino
– Basics, and Design

Arduino Uno R3 is one kind of ATmega328P based microcontroller board. It includes the
whole thing required to hold up the microcontroller; just attach it to a PC with the help of a USB
cable, and give the supply using AC-DC adapter or a battery to get started. The term Uno means
“one” in the language of “Italian” and was selected for marking the release of Arduino’s IDE 1.0
software. The R3 Arduino Uno is the 3rd as well as most recent modification of the Arduino
Uno. Arduino board and IDE software are the reference versions of Arduino and currently
progressed to new releases. The Uno-board is the primary in a sequence of USB-Arduino
boards, & the reference model designed for the Arduino platform.
Arduino Uno R3 Specifications

The Arduino Uno R3 board includes the following specifications.

 It is an ATmega328P based Microcontroller

 The Operating Voltage of the Arduino is 5V

 The recommended input voltage ranges from 7V to 12V

 The i/p voltage (limit) is 6V to 20V

 Digital input and output pins-14

 Digital input & output pins (PWM)-6

 Analog i/p pins are 6

 DC Current for each I/O Pin is 20 mA

 DC Current used for 3.3V Pin is 50 mA

 Flash Memory -32 KB, and 0.5 KB memory is used by the boot loader

 SRAM is 2 KB

 EEPROM is 1 KB

 The speed of the CLK is 16 MHz

 In Built LED
  Length and width of the Arduino are 68.6 mm X 53.4 mm

 The weight of the Arduino board is 25 g

Arduino Uno R3 Pin Diagram

The Arduino Uno R3 pin diagram is shown below. It comprises 14-digit I/O pins.
From these pins, 6-pins can be utilized like PWM outputs. This board includes 14 digital
input/output pins, Analog inputs-6, a USB connection, quartz crystal-16 MHz, a power jack,
a USB connection, resonator-16Mhz, a power jack, an ICSP header an RST button.
Power Supply:

The power supply of the Arduino can be done with the help of an exterior power
supply otherwise USB connection. The exterior power supply (6 to 20 volts) mainly includes a
battery or an AC to DC adapter. The connection of an adapter can be done by plugging a center-
positive plug (2.1mm) into the power jack on the board. The battery terminals can be placed in
the pins of Vin as well as GND. The power pins of an Arduino board include the following.

Vin: The input voltage or Vin to the Arduino while it is using an exterior power
supply opposite to volts from the connection of USB or else RPS (regulated power supply). By
using this pin, one can supply the voltage.

5Volts: The RPS can be used to give the power supply to the microcontroller as well
as components which are used on the Arduino board.
This can approach from the input voltage through a regulator.

3V3: A 3.3 supply voltage can be generated with the onboard regulator, and the
highest draw current will be 50 MA.

GND: GND (ground) pins

Memory:
The memory of an ATmega328 microcontroller includes 32 KB and 0.5 KB memory is
utilized for the Boot loader), and also it includes SRAM-2 KB as well as EEPROM-1KB.

Input and Output:

We know that an arguing Uno R3 includes 14-digital pins which can be used as an
input otherwise output by using the functions like pin Mode (), digital Read(), and digital
Write(). These pins can operate with 5V, and every digital pin can give or receive 20mA, &
includes a 20k to 50k ohm pull up resistor. The maximum current on any pin is 40mA which
cannot surpass for avoiding the microcontroller from the damage. Additionally, some of the pins
of an Arduino include specific functions.
Serial Pins:
The serial pins of an Arduino board are TX (1) and RX (0) pins and these pins can
be used to transfer the TTL serial data. The connection of these pins can be done with the
equivalent pins of the ATmega8 U2 USB to TTL chip.

External Interrupt Pins:

The external interrupt pins of the board are 2 & 3, and these pins can be arranged to
activate an interrupt on a rising otherwise falling edge, a low-value otherwise a modify in value

PWM Pins:
The PWM pins of an Arduino are 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, & 11, and gives an output of an 8-bit
PWM with the function analog Write ().

SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) Pins:

The SPI pins are 10, 11, 12, 13 namely SS, MOSI, MISO, SCK, and these will
maintain the SPI communication with the help of the SPI library.

LED Pin:
An arguing board is inbuilt with a LED using digital pin-13. Whenever the digital pin
is high, the LED will glow otherwise it will not glow.

TWI (2-Wire Interface) Pins:

The TWI pins are SDA or A4, & SCL or A5, which can support the communication
of TWI with the help of Wire library.

AREF (Analog Reference) Pin:

An analog reference pin is the reference voltage to the inputs of an analog i/ps using
the function like analog Reference().
Reset (RST) Pin:
This pin brings a low line for resetting the microcontroller, and it is very useful
for using an RST button toward shields which can block the one over the Arduino R3 board.

Communication:
The communication protocols of an Arduino Uno include SPI, I2C, and UART serial
communication.

UART:
An Arduino Uno uses the two functions like the transmitter digital pin1 and the receiver
digital pin0. These pins are mainly used in UART TTL serial communication.
I2C:
An Arduino UNO board employs SDA pin otherwise A4 pin & A5 pin otherwise SCL
pin is used for I2C communication with wire library. In this, both the SCL and SDA are CLK
signal and data signal.

SPI Pins:
The SPI communication includes MOSI, MISO, and SCK.

MOSI (Pin11):
This is the master out slave in the pin, used to transmit the data to the devices

MISO (Pin12):
This pin is a serial CLK, and the CLK pulse will synchronize the transmission of which is
produced by the master.

SCK (Pin13):
The CLK pulse synchronizes data transmission that is generated by the master. Equivalent pins
with the SPI library is employed for the communication of SPI. ICSP (in-circuit serial
programming) headers can be utilized for programming ATmega microcontroller directly with
the boot loader.
Arduino Uno R3 Programming:

The programming of an Arduino Uno R3 can be done using IDE software. The
microcontroller on the board will come with pre-burned by a boot loader that permits to upload
fresh code without using an exterior hardware programmer.The communication of this can be
done using a protocol like STK500.We can also upload the program in the microcontroller by
avoiding the boot loader using the header like the In-Circuit Serial Programming.

Soil moisture sensor:

Soil moisture sensors measure the volumetric water
[1]
content in soil. Since the direct gravimetric measurement of free soil
moisture requires removing, drying, and weighing of a sample, soil
moisture sensors measure the volumetric water content indirectly by
using some other property of the soil, such as electrical resistance,
dielectric constant, or interaction with neutrons, as a proxy for the
moisture content.
The relation between the measured property and soil moisture must be
calibrated and may vary depending on environmental factors such as soil
type, temperature, or electric conductivity.
Reflected microwave radiation is affected by the soil moisture and is
used for remote sensing in hydrology and agriculture. Portable probe
instruments can be used by farmers or gardeners.
Soil moisture sensors typically refer to sensors that estimate volumetric
water content. Another class of sensors measure another property of
moisture in soils called water potential; these sensors are usually
referred to as soil water potential sensors and include tensiometers and
gypsum blocks.

Soil moisture is basically the content of water present in the

soil. This can be measured using a soil moisture sensor
which consists of two conducting probes that act as a probe.
It can measure the moisture content in the soil based on the
change in resistance between the two conducting plates.

The resistance between the two conducting plates varies in

an inverse manner with the amount of moisture present in the
soil.

For more information about soil moisture sensor and how to

use it, refer the topic Soil Moisture Sensor in the sensors
and modules section.
Connection Diagram of Soil Moisture with Arduino
Interfacing Soil Moisture Sensor with Arduino UNO

Measure soil moisture using Arduino Uno

Here, the analog output of soil moisture sensor is processed using ADC.
The moisture content in terms of percentage is displayed on the serial
monitor.

The output of the soil moisture sensor changes in the range of ADC value
from 0 to 1023.

This can be represented as moisture value in terms of percentage using

formula given below.

Moisture in percentage = 100 – (Analog output * 100)

For zero moisture, we get maximum value of 10-bit ADC, i.e. 1023. This, in
turn, gives 0% moisture.

Soil Moisture Code for Arduino Uno

const int sensor_pin = A1; /* Soil moisture sensor O/P pin */

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); /* Define baud rate for serial communication */
}

void loop() {
float moisture_percentage;
 int sensor_analog;
sensor_analog = analogRead(sensor_pin);

moisture_percentage = ( 100 - ( (sensor_analog/1023.00) * 100 ) );

Serial.print("Moisture Percentage = ");

Serial.print(moisture_percentage);

Serial.print("%\n\n");

delay(1000);

Servo Motor:
Unlike DC motors, you can precisely control the positioning of these
motors. Instruct them where to point, and they’ll do it for you.

They’re useful in many robotics projects, such as for turning the front wheels
on an RC model for steering or pivoting a sensor to look around on a robotic
vehicle.

Servo is a general term for a closed loop control system.

 A closed loop system uses the feedback signal to adjust the speed and
direction of the motor to achieve the desired result.

RC servo motor works on the same principal. It contains a small DC

motor connected to the output shaft through the gears.

The output shaft drives a servo arm and is also connected to a

potentiometer (pot).
 You can control the servo motor by sending a series of pulses to the
signal line. A conventional analog servo motor expects to receive a pulse
roughly every 20 milliseconds (i.e. signal should be 50Hz).

The length of the pulse determines the position of the servo motor.

GND:
is a common ground for both the motor and logic.

5V:
is a positive voltage that powers the servo.
Contro
Control:
l is input for the control system
Working of a Servo Motor
The servo motor has some control circuits and a potentiometer (a
variable resistor, aka pot) connected to the output shaft. In the
picture above, the pot can be seen on the right side of the circuit
board. This pot allows the control circuitry to monitor the current
angle of the servo motor.
If the shaft is at the correct angle, then the motor shuts off. If the
circuit finds that the angle is not correct, it will turn the motor
until it is at a desired angle. The output shaft of the servo is
capable of traveling somewhere around 180 degrees. Usually, it is
somewhere in the 210-degree range, however, it varies depending
on the manufacturer. A normal servo is used to control an angular
motion of 0 to 180 degrees. It is mechanically not capable of
turning any farther due to a mechanical stop built on to the main
output gear.
The power applied to the motor is proportional to the distance it
needs to travel. So, if the shaft needs to turn a large distance, the
motor will run at full speed. If it needs to turn only a small
amount, the motor will run at a slower speed. This is
called proportional control.

How Do You Communicate the Angle at

Which the Servo Should Turn?
The control wire is used to communicate the angle. The angle is
determined by the duration of a pulse that is applied to the control
wire. This is called Pulse Coded Modulation. The servo expects
to see a pulse every 20 milliseconds (.02 seconds). The length of
the pulse will determine how far the motor turns. A 1.5
millisecond pulse, for example, will make the motor turn to the
90-degree position (often called as the neutral position). If the
pulse is shorter than 1.5 milliseconds, then the motor will turn the
shaft closer to 0 degrees. If the pulse is longer than 1.5
milliseconds, the shaft turns closer to 180 degrees.
4.2 SOFTWARE REQIREMENTS

Arduino IDE:

The Arduino IDE is an open-source software, which is used to write and upload
code to the Arduino boards. The IDE application is suitable for different operating systems such
as Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux. It supports the programming languages C and C++. Here,
IDE stands for Integrated Development Environment.

The program or code written in the Arduino IDE is often called as sketching. We need to connect
the Genuino and Arduino board with the IDE to upload the sketch written in the Arduino IDE
software. The sketch is saved with the extension '.ino.'

The Arduino IDE will appear as:

Toolbar Button:

The icons displayed on the toolbar are New, Open, Save, Upload, and Verify.

It is shown below:
Upload:

The Upload button compiles and runs our code written on the screen. It further uploads
the code to the connected board. Before uploading the sketch, we need to make sure that the
correct board and ports are selected.

We also need a USB connection to connect the board and the computer. Once all the
above measures are done, click on the Upload button present on the toolbar.

The latest Arduino boards can be reset automatically before beginning with Upload. In
the older boards, we need to press the Reset button present on it. As soon as the uploading is
done successfully, we can notice the blink of the Tx and Rx LED.

If the uploading is failed, it will display the message in the error window.

We do not require any additional hardware to upload our sketch using the Arduino
Bootloader. A Bootloader is defined as a small program, which is loaded in the microcontroller
present on the board. The LED will blink on PIN 13.

Open:

The Open button is used to open the already created file. The selected file will be opened
in the current window.
Save:

The save button is used to save the current sketch or code.

New:

It is used to create a new sketch or opens a new window.

Verify:

The Verify button is used to check the compilation error of the sketch or the written code.

Serial Monitor:

The serial monitor button is present on the right corner of the toolbar. It opens the serial
monitor.

It is shown below:

When we connect the serial monitor, the board will reset on the operating system
Windows, Linux, and Mac OS X. If we want to process the control characters in our sketch, we
need to use an external terminal program. The terminal program should be connected to the
COM port, which will be assigned when we connect the board to the computer.

Menu Bar

o File

When we click on the File button on the Menu bar, a drop-down list will appear. It is shown
below:
New:

The New button opens the new window. It does not remove the sketch which is already
present.

Open:

It allows opening the sketch, which can be browsed from the folders and computer drivers.

Open Recent

The Open Recent button contains the list of the recent sketches.

Sketchbook:

It stores the current sketches created in the Arduino IDE software. It opens the selected
sketch or code in a new editor at an instance.
Examples:

It shows the different examples of small projects for a better understanding of the IDE and the
board. The IDE provides examples of self-practice.

Close:

The Close button closes the window from which the button is clicked.

Save:

The save button is used to save the current sketch. It also saves the changes made to the
current sketch. If we have not specified the name of the file, it will open the 'Save As...' window.

Save As...:

We can save the sketch with a different name using the 'Save As...' button. We can also
change the name accordingly.

Page Setup:

It allows setting the page margins, orientation, and size for printing. The 'Page Setup'
window will appear as:
Print:

According to the settings specified in the 'Page Setup', it prepares the current sketch for
printing.

Preferences:

It allows the customization settings of the Arduino IDE.

Quit:

The Quit button is used to close all the IDE windows. The same closed sketch will be
reopened when we will open the Arduino IDE.

o Edit
 When we click on the Edit button on the Menu bar, a drop-down list appears. It is shown
below:

Undo:

The Undo button is used to reverse the last modification done to the sketch while editing.

Redo:

The Redo button is used to repeat the last modification done to the sketch while editing.

Cut:

It allows us to remove the selected text from the written code. The text is further placed to
the clipboard. We can also paste that text anywhere in our sketch.
Copy:

It creates a duplicate copy of the selected text. The text is further placed on the clipboard.

Copy for Forum:

The 'Copy for Forum' button is used to copy the selected text to the clipboard, which is
also suitable for posting to the forum.

Copy as HTML:

The 'Copy for Forum' button is used to copy the selected text as HTML to the clipboard. It
is desirable for embedding in web pages.

Paste:

The Paste button is used to paste the selected text of the clipboard to the specified position
of the cursor.

Select All:

It selects all the text of the sketch.

Go to line...

It moves the cursor to the specified line number.

The window will appear as:

Comment/Decomment:

The Comment/ Decomment button is used to put or remove the comment mark (//) at the
beginning of the specified line.

Increase Indent:

It is used to add the space at the starting of the specified line. The spacing moves the text
towards the right.

Decrease Indent:

It is used to subtract or remove the space at the starting of the specified line. The
spacing moves the text towards the left.

Increase Font Size:

It increases the font size of the written text.

Decrease Font Size:

It decreases the font size of the written text.

Find...

It is used to find the specified text. We can also replace the text. It highlights the text in
the sketch.
The window will appear as:

Find Next:

It highlights the next word, which has specified in the 'Find...' window. If there is no
such word, it will not show any highlighted text.

Find Previous:

It highlights the previous word, which has specified in the 'Find...' window. If there is no
such word, it will not show any highlighted text.

Sketch:

When we click on the Sketch button on the Menu bar, a drop-down list appears. It is
shown below:
Verify/Compile:

It will check for the errors in the code while compiling. The memory in the console area is
also reported by the IDE.

Upload:

The Upload button is used to configure the code to the specified board through the port.

Upload Using Programmer:

It is used to override the Bootloader that is present on the board. We can utilize the full
capacity of the Flash memory using the 'Upload Using Programmer' option. To implement this,
we need to restore the Bootloader using the Tools-> Burn Bootloader option to upload it to the
USB serial port.

Export compiled Binary:

It allows saving a .hex file and can be kept archived. Using other tools, .hex file can also
be sent to the board.

Show Sketch Folder:

It opens the folder of the current code written or sketch.

Include Library:

Include Library includes various Arduino libraries. The libraries are inserted into our
code at the beginning of the code starting with the #. We can also import the libraries from .zip
file.

Add File...

The Add File... button is used to add the created file in a new tab on the existing file.

For example, let's add 'Blink' file to the 'Javatpoint' file. The tab will now appear as:
 We can also delete the corresponding file from the tab by clicking on the small
triangle -> Delete option.

Tools:

When we click on the Tools button on the Menu bar, a drop-down list appears. It is
shown below:

Auto Format:

The Auto Format button is used to format the written code. For example, lining the open
and closed curly brackets in the code.
Archive Sketch:

The copy of the current sketch or code is archived in the .zip format. The directory of the
archived is same as the sketch.

Fix Encoding and Reload:

This button is used to fix the inconsistency between the operating system char maps and
editor char map encoding.

Serial Monitor:

It allows the exchange of data with the connected board on the port.

Serial Plotter:

The Serial Plotter button is used to display the serial data in a plot. It comes preinstalled
in the Arduino IDE.

WiFi101/WiFiNINA Firmware Updater:

It is used to check and update the Wi-Fi Firmware of the connected board.

Board:

We are required to select the board from the list of boards. The selected board must be
similar to the board connected to the computer.
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
Existing system:

1. Over 1000 deaths per year in India due to bridge erosion due to
floods takes place.

2. Bridge collapse not only causes casualties but also affects people's
daily life.

3. Traffic is also greatly affected by this.

Proposed system:

1. By using this technology I have developed, we can prevent bridge

collapse and loss of life.

2. The bridge lifts itself during monsoons and floods. Through this, the
person's daily life and children's education can be taken care of.

3. Traffic congestion and its effects are also reduced.

FLOW DIAGRAM:
SYSTEM DESIGN
6.1 INPUT DESIGN:
6.2 OUTPUT DESIGN:
Circuit diagram:
Sample Coding:

#include <Servo.h>

#include <Servo.h>

Servo tap_servo;

int sensor_pin = 4;

int tap_servo_pin =5;

int val;

void setup(){

pinMode(sensor_pin,INPUT);

tap_servo.attach(tap_servo_pin);

}
void loop(){

val = digitalRead(sensor_pin);

if (val==0)

{tap_servo.write(0);

if (val==1)

{tap_servo.write(90);

#include <Servo.h>

Servo myservo; // create servo object to control a servo

int potpin = 0; // analog pin used to connect the potentiometer

int val; // variable to read the value from the analog pin
void setup() {

myservo.attach(9); // attaches the servo on pin 9 to the servo object

void loop() {

val = analogRead(potpin); // reads the value of the

potentiometer (value between 0 and 1023)

val = map(val, 0, 1023, 0, 180); // scale it to use it with the servo

(value between 0 and 180)

myservo.write(val); // sets the servo position according to

the scaled value

delay(15); // waits for the servo to get there

}
SAMPLE SCREEN
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION:

In this project it will continuously monitor for Water level

and crack and high weight on bridge. The main aim of this
project is to minimize the structural damages and prevent the
life and property. This system also provides the material
estimation
information of bridge size required by user. Advantages of this
project are to save lives and property. Take real time
information of bridge.
 FUTURE
ENHANCEMENTS
Future development:

1. My bridge may be equipped with weather sensing technology in the

future.

2. Using technology that knows the weather and adjusts its height in
advance, there is no damage to the bridge, vehicles and people.

3. Technology can be improved to notify the bridge of any repairs at a

later date.

4. Automatic stopping of vehicles can be implemented while the bridge

is under repair.
BIBILIOGRAPHY
BIBIOGRAPHY

Olokede, S.S., 2008. Design of a Clap Activated Switch.

Leonardo Journal of Sciences, 7(13), pp.44-58.[ 2] Jeneet h Subashini , S ., Kri shnan,
R .G., Kart hi ck, S and ArunKumar, V., 2014. Sound Heard Dimming Light Circuit
with Three States us ed for Domestic alerts, Roodi ngs in Hotels, Kids corner.
International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research, 2(3), pp.290-300.[3] Bagchi, S.,
Ghosh, S. and Nandi, D., 2013. . International Journal of Scientic & Engineering Research,
4(11), pp.1356-1367[4] Wilcher, D., 2012. Learn electronics with Arduino. Aperess.,
pp. 1-205[5] Amariei, C., 2015. Arduino Development Cookbook. Packet
Publishing Ltd., pp. 31-152[6] Margolis, M., 2011. Arduino Cookbook: Recipes to Begin,
Expand, and Enhance Your Projects. " O'Reilly Media, Inc."., pp. 27-154

References

[1] Olokede, S.S., 2008. . Leonardo Journal of Sciences, 7(13), pp.44-58

[2] Jeneeth Subashini.S, Krishnan.R.G, Karthick.S and ArunKumar, V., 2014. International
Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research, 2(3), pp.290-300.

[3] Bagchi, S., Ghosh Srand Nandi, D., 2013. . International Journal of Scientific &
Engineering Research, 4(11), pp.1356-1367

[4] Wilcher, D., 2012. Learn electronics with Arduino. Apress., pp. 1-205

[5] Amariei, C., 2015. Arduino Development Cookbook Packt Publishing Ltd., pp. 31-152

[6] Margolis, M, 2011. Arduino Cookbook: Recipes to Begin in 0 Expand, and Enhance Your
Projects. "O'Reilly Media, Inc.", PP. 27-154.