Assignment 2 Chem Eng Solution
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Duy Do MinhAssignment 2 Chem Eng Solution
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Duy Do MinhCHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS
ASSIGNMENT 29
Part I: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (5pts)
1. B. Valence electron meaning the electron at the most outside layer.
2. D. ClO3- have pyramidal geometry since it are 4 made of 3 bonds and 1 lone pair
electron.
3. I. SO2 have VSPER equal 3 meaning it geometry is trigonal pyramidal, meaning
indicated angle is around 120o, in this case it is 119o. The O-S-O bond angle is expected
to be less than 120° because of the extra space taken up by the lone pair (repulsions).
4. D
5. B. to stable through achieve octet rule which similar to the valance e of noble gases.
Part II: CONSTRUCTED QUESTIONS (95pts)
1. Draw the three resonance structures of carbonate ion, CO32-. (6pts)
2. 2. Draw the three resonance structures of nitrate ion, NO3-. (6pts)
3.
a. The difference in electronegativity between C and O is:
3.4−2.6=0.8
Since 0.3< 0.8<1.7, the bond is polar covalent.
b. The difference in electronegativity between Ca and O is:
3.4−1.3=2.1
Since 2.1>1.7, the bond is ionic.
c. The difference in electronegativity between Na and Br is:
3.0−0.9=2.1
Since 2.1>1.7, the bond is ionic.
d. The difference in electronegativity between Mg and I is:
2.7−1.3=1.4
Since 0.3<1.4 <1.7, the bond is polar covalent.
e. The difference in electronegativity between S and O is:
3.4−2.6=0.8
Since 0.3< 0.8<1.7, the bond is polar covalent.
f. The difference in electronegativity between N and I is:
3.0−2.7=0.3
Since 0.3<1.7 , the bond is nonpolar covalent.
a.
μ=0
_ Shape of molecule: Linear
_Idealize bond angle: 180o
_ The molecule is nonpolar since the dipole moment is cancel each other.
b.
_ Shape of molecule: trigonal pyramidal
_Idealize bond angle: <109.5o
_ The molecule is polar since the dipole moment is not equal zero.
c.
_ Shape of molecule: Square pyramidal
_Idealize bond angle: <90o
_ The molecule is polar since the dipole moment is not equal zero.
d.
_ Shape of molecule: Trigonal Planar
_Idealize bond angle: 120o
_ The molecule is polar since the dipole moment is not equal zero.
e.
_ Shape of molecule: Tetrahedral
_Idealize bond angle: 109.5o
_ The molecule is polar since the dipole moment is not equal zero
f.
_ Shape of molecule: linear
_Idealize bond angle: 180o
_ The molecule is polar since the dipole moment is not equal zero. The dipole moment
between S and C is greater than between N and C since electronegativity of S is larger than
N.
g.
μ=0
_ Shape of molecule: Trigonal Planar
_Idealize bond angle: 120o
_ The molecule is nonpolar since the dipole moment is cancel each other.
h.
_ Shape of molecule: bent
_ Idealize bond angle: 109.5o
_ The molecule is polar since the dipole moment is not equal zero.
4.
_ Intramolecular forces is the forces that exist within each molecules and influence the
chemical properties of the substances. This forces is relatively strong since large charge
molecules are puts close together.
_ Intermolecular forces is the forces that exist between each molecules and influence the
physical properties of the substances. This forces is relatively weak (compare to
intramolecular forces) since small charge molecules are farther apart.
_ Intermolecular force can be divide into four main types:
+ Dipole – dipole: This interaction are occur between positive and negative ends of two polar
molecules
H2O < CH3OH < CH3OCH3
+ Hydrogen bonding: The interactions occur between hydrogen atom that covalently bond to
high electronegativity atom (N, O, F) and lone pair of other high electronegativity atom (N,
O, F)
NH3 < HCl < H2O
+ Ion – dipole: This interaction are occur between positive or negative ends of polar
molecules with opposite charge ion.
Ex: between NH3, H2O, H2S with Na+
+ London Dispersion force: The interaction between 2 nonpolar molecule due to “temporary
dipoles” are form cause the temporary attract or repel electron cloud of nearby nonpolar
molecules.
CH4 < C2H5 < C3H7
5. Because intermolecular forces increase the bonding strength between two or more
molecules, intermolecular forces can impact the melting and boiling points of
compounds. In general, as intermolecular force strength increases, the melting and
boiling points of a substance also increase.
