Chapter 1

1. Compare the analog communication system and digital communication

system. 03 (2)
2. Describe the need of modulation in commutation system. 04 (2)
3. The modulation indexes of two waves are 0.5 and 0.6 respectively then
calculate total modulation index of the system. 03
4. Define following terms: (a) modulation index (b) Transmission efficiency
03
5. List only advantages of digital communication. 03
6. What is modulation? Why modulation required? Describe in detail. 04
7. Draw basic diagram of both analog and digital communication system
and explain in brief. 07
8. An audio signal given as 15 sin (2π(1500t)) amplitude modulates a carrier
given as 60 sin (2π(100,000t)). Determine the following
a. Sketch the Audio signal
b. Sketch the carrier signal.
c. Determine the percentage of index
d. Draw the frequency spectrum of modulated signal with all frequency
component. 04
9. Draw the detailed Block Diagram of Communication System. 03
10. Discuss Channel Capacity relative to Channel Bandwidth and Signal
Power. 04
11. A certain transmitter radiates 9kW with the carrier unmodulated and
10.125kW when the carrier is sinusoidally modulated. Calculate the
modulation index. If another sine wave is simultaneously transmitted with
modulation index 0.4, determine the total radiated power. 04

Chapter 2
1. Draw and explain circuit of envelope detector for AM wave. Also discuss
the types of distortions in the detector output. 07
2. Discuss the modulation index of AM wave using Trapezoidal display. 04
3. Discuss the Vestigial Sideband Transmission (VSB) in details. 07
4. Give comparison between AM and FM systems. 03
5. List the methods of generation of SSB. Explain any one method in detail.
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of SSB over DSB modulation
technique. 07
 6. Derive expression of Total transmission bandwidth required for DSBSC
and SSB in terms of modulating signal frequency. Make suitable
comment for bandwidth efficient Amplitude Modulation. 07
7. Compare Amplitude Modulation and Angle Modulation. 03
8. “VSB is clever compromise between SSB and DSB for Broadcast
Television” Justify.
9. Briefly Describe Signal-Squaring Method of carrier regeneration using
PLL at the DSB-SC receiver. 07
10. Show that any scheme that can be used to generate DSB-SC can also
generate AM. 03 (2)
11. Determine ɳ and percentage of the total power carried by the side bands
of the AM wave for tone modulation when µ=0.6 and µ=0.4. 04

Chapter 3
1. Compare the wideband and narrowband FM. 04
2. Draw and explain in brief super heterodyne receiver. 04
3. Explain Armstrong method of FM generation with neat diagram. 07
4. Draw the transfer function of ideal phase shifter. 03
5. Explain pre-emphasis and de-emphasis in relation to FM. 04
6. Explain Phased Look Loop with all necessary details. 07
7. What is the mathematical expression for instantaneous frequency for
frequency modulation and Phase Modulation? 03
8. An angle modulated signal with carrier frequency ωc = 2π × 105 is
described by the equation e(t) = 10cos(ωct + 5sin3000t+10sin2000πt)
Find: power of modulated signal, frequency deviation ∆f and deviation
ratio β. 04
9. Draw the general block diagram of a super heterodyne receiver and
briefly explain the function of each block. 07 (2)
10. Enlist various methods of FM generation. Explain any one of them. 03
11. Explain Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis in FM broadcasting with block
diagram , filter circuits and frequency response. 07
12. Describe SSB generation using the phase shift method. 07
13. Explain the Armstrong indirect FM transmitter with neat sketch. 07
14. Compare DPCM and PCM. 03
Chapter 4
1. State sampling theorem and determine the Fourier spectrum of sampled
signal. 04
2. Explain the Delta modulation technique and explain threshold and
overloading effects with neat diagram. 07
3. Explain the Aliasing effect with neat diagram. 03
4. Draw and explain in brief the block diagram of PCM technique.04
𝑀𝑃2
5. Determine the relation of power of the quantization noise 𝑁𝑞 = and
3𝐿2
𝑆0 𝑆0
SNR, = 3𝐿2 , where 𝑀𝑝 is the peak amplitude, L is no. of uniform
𝑁𝑞 𝑀𝑝2
quantization levels and S0 is signal power. 07
6. Explain in brief Nyquist criteria for Zero ISI. 03,04
7. Derive the formula for signal to quantization noise ratio for PCM. 07
8. Draw the detailed block diagram of PCM. 03
9. Calculate the bit rate for T1 carrier system. 04
10. Explain DPCM with block diagram. 03
11. With mathematical analysis prove that SQNR is improved in DPCM as
compared to PCM. 04
12. State ‘Sampling Theorem’. Discuss Nyquist Rate of Sampling. 03
13. A message signal x(t) band limited to 3 KHz is sampled at a rate 33.34 %
higher than the Nyquist rate. Calculate the sampling rate. The maximum
acceptable error in the sample amplitude (the maximum quantization
error) is 0.5% of the peak amplitude mp . The quantized samples are
binary coded. Find the bit rate. Find the minimum bandwidth of a channel
required to transmit the coded binary signal. If 24 such signals are time
division multiplexed, determine the maximum transmission bandwidth
required to transmit the multiplexed signal. 04
14. Explain Clock Recovery in PCM system. 07
15. Briefly describe the types of sampling and its importance. 04
16. Explain Time Division Multiplexing for PCM in T1 carrier systems. 07
17. Explain delta sigma Modulator operation with block diagram. 07
18. Compare DM and ADM. 03
19. A TV signal having a bandwidth of 4.2MHz is transmitted using binary
PCM system. Given that the number of quantization level is 512
.Calculate(i)Codewardlength(ii)Transmission Bandwidth. 04
20.

Chapter 5
1. List the line coding properties. 03 (2)
2. Draw the block diagram of Regenerative repeater and explain in brief 03
3. Determine the Detection error probability for polar signalling. 07
4. What is line coding? What are the ideal requirements from line coding?
03
5. State and prove sampling theorem in time domain. Explain aliasing. 04
6. Explain Delta Modulation in detail. Also discuss its advantages and
disadvantages. 07
7. Draw the block diagram of Regenerative repeater and briefly explain the
function of each block. 04
8. Compare RZ and NRZ line codes. 04
Chapter 6
1. Explain the generation and demodulation of QPSK signal using suitable
block diagram. 07
2. Explain the modulation and demodulation of ASK and FSK techniques.
07
3. Explain in brief Frequency Shifting Keying (FSK) technique and list the
applications of it. 04
4. Draw the block diagram of GMSK modulation technique and explain it.
07
5. Explain Noncoherent detection of Amplitude-Shift keying (ASK) signal
with necessary equations and diagrams. 03
6. Explain coherent detection of Frequency-Shift keying (FSK) signal with
necessary equations 04
7. Discuss the MSK modulation technique and list the merits of it. 07
8. Given modulating bit stream is 10010011. Draw the ASK,FSK and BPSK
signals. Also draw the waveforms for carrier and modulating bit stream
04
9. Explain QPSK modulator with schematic diagram. 04
10. Explain GMSK. 07
11. Explain BPSK modulation with neat sketch. 07
12. Compare RZ and NRZ line codes. 07
Explain the Shannon’s channel capacity theorem in details 07
State the Carson’s rule and explain in brief. 03
Determine the expression of Power Spectrum Density (PSD) of Polar signalling.
07
Explain in brief Signalling with controlled ISI. 04

Define Following Terms: (1) Modulation Index (2) Power spectral density (3)
Signal Distortion. 03
What is Inter Symbol Interference? Explain the Nyquist’s first criteria for zero
ISI. 03
Explain the zero forcing equalizer with necessary diagrams and expressions. 03
Discuss the Trade-off between Bandwidth and SNR. 03
Explain ‘Slope Overload’ with diagram. Derive the condition to avoid slope
overload considering x(t)=A cos(ɷm t) as input signal, δ as step size and Ts as
sampling interval. 03
Explain how to read an eye diagram. 04
Explain Data Scrambling with suitable example. 07
What do you mean by bit scrambling. 03
Give the full forms of (i) ISI (ii) PSD (iii) AMI. 03
Draw the signals for Unipolar NRZ, Unipolar RZ, Polar NRZ, Polar RZ for
10100111 data. 04
“If SNR=∞ Can we achieve Channel Capacity C=∞ Practically?” Justify
according to shanon’s equation. 03
Explain briefly w.r.to eye diagram. (i) Sensitivity to timing Jitter(ii)Level
crossing Jitter.(Timing Jitter) 04
Briefly Describe L-carrier hierarchical long haul analog telephone FDM system.
07
A signal m(t) of Bandwidth B=4kHz is transmitted using a binary companded
PCM with µ=100.Compare the case of L=64 and L=256 from the point of view
of transmission bandwith and the output SNR. 04
Determine the output SNR of a linear delta modulation system for a 2KHz
sinusoidal input signal sampled at 64KHz. Neglect slope overload distortion and
the post reconstruction filter has a bandwidth of 4KHz. 04
Briefly discuss the PSD of Digital Carrier Modulation. 04