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Equilibrium and Le Chatelier'S Principle: Chemistry For Engineers - Laboratory Activity 6

This document summarizes a chemistry laboratory activity on equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle. The activity included three parts: 1) Changes in reactant or product concentrations for copper, nickel, and cobalt ions when ammonia and hydrochloric acid were added. 2) Equilibria involving sparingly soluble salts like silver chloride and carbonate. 3) The effects of temperature on cobalt chloride equilibrium. Students were asked questions to explain their observations using Le Chatelier's principle and chemical equilibrium concepts.

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Mianira Migo
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135 views4 pages

Equilibrium and Le Chatelier'S Principle: Chemistry For Engineers - Laboratory Activity 6

This document summarizes a chemistry laboratory activity on equilibrium and Le Chatelier's principle. The activity included three parts: 1) Changes in reactant or product concentrations for copper, nickel, and cobalt ions when ammonia and hydrochloric acid were added. 2) Equilibria involving sparingly soluble salts like silver chloride and carbonate. 3) The effects of temperature on cobalt chloride equilibrium. Students were asked questions to explain their observations using Le Chatelier's principle and chemical equilibrium concepts.

Uploaded by

Mianira Migo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS - LABORATORY ACTIVITY 6

NAME: __________________________ SCORE: _____________________

SECTION: ________________________

EQUILIBRIUM AND LE CHATELIER’S PRINCIPLE

PART I: Changes in Reactant or Product Concentrations

A. Copper and Nickel Ions

Colors:
1. CuSO4 (aq) Light Blue/Blue 4. NiCl2 (aq) Light Green/Green
2. [Cu(NH3)4]2+(aq) Dark Blue 5. [Ni(NH3)6]2 (aq) Pale Violet/Blue
3. After HCl addition Light Blue/Blue 6. After HCl addition Light Green/Green

Explain the effects of NH3 (aq) and HCI (aq) on the CuS04 solution in terms of Le Chatelier's
Principle. Consider the following equilibria:

The equilibria shift to the right as ammonia replaces water, forming a metal ammonia bond and
explaining the color changes. After adding HCl to these ammoniacal solutions, their colors return
to their originals. As a result, the equilibria shift to the left as the reactant ammonia is removed
from the equilibria.

B. Cobalt Ions
7. Color of CoCl2 (aq) Pale Pink
8. Color after the addition of HCL (aq) Pale Violet/Deep Blue
9. Color after the addition of H2O Pale Pink
CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS - LABORATORY ACTIVITY 6

Account for the changes observed for the cobalt solutions in terms of LeChatelier's Principle.
Consider the following equilibrium:

In aqueous solution, cobalt (II) ions appear pale pink. The solution changes color due to the
presence high concentration of chloride ions.

PART II: Equilibria Involving Sparingly Soluble Salts

10. white precipitate Ag2CO3 is present


11. colorless solution
Account for your observations. Consider the following equilibria:

12. Account for your observations. Consider the following equilibria:

White precipitate AgCl is present

13. Did the precipitated AgCl dissolve? Explain.

Yes, Ag+ ions can be removed by the addition of NH3 making the equilibrium shift to the left,
and as a result dissolves AgCl.
CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS - LABORATORY ACTIVITY 6

14. What effect did the addition of HN03 have on the contents of the test tube? Explain.

The effect that HNO3 produce is white precipitate of Ag2CO3, because HNO3 is an exothermic
solution,.

15. What effect did the addition of NH3 have on the contents of the test tube? Explain.

Adding NH3 makes a clear white solution.

16. Explain the effect of the addition of KI.

The addition of KI produces a white precipitation . Murag? HAHAHAH.

PART III: Effects of Temperature on Equilibria

17. Color of cool CoCl2 pink/purple


Color of hot CoCl2 dark purple/dark blue
Is the reaction exothermic? No Explain.

The reaction is endothermic, as heat is applied. The reaction shifts to the right which is obvious
as the color change from pink to dark purple which indicates the formation of Cobalt (II)
chloride ions.
CHEMISTRY FOR ENGINEERS - LABORATORY ACTIVITY 6

QUESTIONS

What is meant by the term chemical equilibrium? Must amounts of reactants and products be
equal at equilibrium?

Chemical equilibrium is a dynamic process. It is the state of a system in which the rate of the
forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction. And one of the conditions and
properties of a system at equilibrium says that number of reactants and products do not have to
be equal. However, after equilibrium is attained, the amounts of reactants and products will be
constant.

8.2: Chemical Equilibrium - Chemistry LibreTexts

Why do catalysts not alter the amounts of reactants and products present at equilibrium?
Adding a catalyst makes absolutely no difference to the position of equilibrium, and Le Châtelier's
principle does not apply. This is because a catalyst speeds up the forward and back reaction to the
same extent and adding a catalyst does not affect the relative rates of the two reactions, it cannot
affect the position of equilibrium.

Le Chatelier's Principle Fundamentals - Chemistry LibreTexts

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